必修第一册 Unit 2 Exploring English
知识背诵清单通关练
（第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量
1. title n. 题目，标题
2．sculpt v. 雕刻，雕塑
3．sculpture n. 雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
4．unique adj. 独一无二的，独特的
5．alarm n. 警报器；闹钟
6．visible adj. 看得见的，可见的
7．type n. 类型，种类
8．unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的
9．contact v. 联系，联络
10．likely adj. 可能的，可能发生的
11．context n. 上下文，语境
12．forum n. (因特网上的)论坛，讨论区
13．resource n. 资料，(教学)资源
14．misadventure n. 事故，灾难
15．remind v. 提醒，使……想起
16．rather adv. 相当，颇
17．entrance n. 大门(口)，入口(处)
18．section n. 区域
19．exit n. 出口
20．actually adv. 事实上，实际上
21．negative adj. 消极的，负面的
核心词汇之转换词形词性
1.opposing adj. (观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的→oppose v. 反对(计划、政策等); 抵制； 阻挠→opposite adj. 对立的，相反的
2．behavior n. 举止，行为→behave v. 举动，表现
3．confusing adj. 令人困惑的→confuse v. 使困惑→confused adj. 困惑的→confusion n. 混乱，困惑
4．reflect v. 显示，反映→reflection n. 反映；映像；沉思，深思→reflective adj. 反射的，反映的；(指物体表面)反光的；(指人、心情等)深思熟虑的
5．creativity n. 创造性，创造力→create v. 创造→creative adj. 创造(性)的→creator n. 创造者，创作者→creation n. 创造，产物
6．organization n. 组织，团体，机构→organize v. 组织，筹备，安排→organized adj. 有组织的，系统的，有条理的→organizer n. (活动等的)组织者
7．addition n. 增加物，添加物→add v. 增加，补充说→additional adj. 附加的，额外的
8．intend v. 计划，打算→intention n. 打算，计划，意图
9．informal adj. (书写或言谈)非正式的→formal adj. 正式的
10．recognise v. 认识，辨认出→recognition n. 认出，识别，承认，认可
11．base v. 以……为基础→basis n. 基础，根据→basic adj. 基本的，基础的→basically adv. 基本上，从根本上说
12．aware adj. 意识到的，明白的→unaware adj. 不知道的，没意识到的，未察觉的→awareness n. 意识，认识
（第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固
1．have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
2．not ... until ... 直到……才……
3．neither ... nor ... 既不……也不……
4．in one's free time 在某人的业余时间
5．speaking of 提到，谈到
6．look out of ... 向外看……
7．wonder at 对……感到惊叹
8．burn up 烧毁，烧尽
9．burn down 烧毁
10．fill in 填写
11．wind up 给(机械)上发条； 使(活动、会议等)结束
12．come across 偶然发现
13．calm down 冷静下来
14．be made up of 由……组成
15．be short for ……的简称；……的缩写
16．be different from 和……不同
17．remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某物/事
18．play safe 谨慎行事；避免冒险
19．have a frog in one's throat (尤因咽喉痛)说话困难
20．be aware of 意识到，察觉到
第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固
① confusing adj. 令人困惑的(教材P15)
单句语法填空
①The author takes novel reading as a way to get away from a ________ (confuse) world.
②(牛津高阶)He was too distressed and ________ (confuse) to answer their questions.
③(柯林斯词典)A survey showed people were confused ________ what they should eat to stay healthy.
④ The woman looked at him in ________ (confuse) and said something about changing her clothes.
答案：①confusing ②confused ③about ④confusion
单句表达
⑤(牛津高阶)这种句法结构不可与按规则变化的被动语态相混淆。
This construction ________________________ the regular passive.
答案：⑤should not be confused with
② reflect v. 显示，反映(教材P15)
单句语法填空
① Wednesday, residents of Rjukan got their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of ________ (reflect) boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use.
②At first I disagreed, but on ________ (reflect), what she said did make sense.
③Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting ________ how you learn.
答案：①reflective ②reflection ③on/upon
单句表达
④(牛津高阶)我再一考虑，反倒觉得可能还是她对。
________________， I saw that she might be right, after all.
答案：④On further reflection
③ unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的(教材P17)
单句语法填空
① The smart keyboard doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar ________．
②(柯林斯词典)He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar ________ him than his own.
③His ________ (familiar) with the local language helped him enjoy his travel there.
④(牛津高阶)The elephant's nose or, more ________ (familiar), trunk is the most versatile organ in the animal kingdom.
答案：①with ②to ③familiarity ④familiarly
单句表达
⑤(牛津高阶)住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。
The smell ____________________ everyone who lives near a bakery.
答案：⑤is very familiar to
④ likely adj. 可能的，可能发生的(教材P17)
[名师点津] 表示“可能的”的形容词还有：possible, probable，其用法为：
It is possible for sb to do sth
It is possible/probable that ...
单句语法填空
①Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely ________ (recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
②The advantage race walking has over running is that ________ is less likely to cause knee injuries.
答案：①to recover ②it
一句多译
③如果你不努力学习，你很有可能在学习方面落后。
It ________________ you will fall behind in your studies if you don't study hard.
＝You ________________________ in your studies if you don't study hard.
答案：③is likely/possible/probable that; are likely to fall behind
⑤ remind v. 提醒，使……想起(教材P20)
[名师点津] 和“remind sb of sth”结构相似的还有：
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
单句语法填空
①(中国日报)According to the new regulation, it said food delivery platforms should remind
consumers ________ (order) the proper amount of food.
②Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me ________ the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”．
③The seventeenyearold boy put up a picture of Steve Jobs beside the bed to keep himself ________ (remind) of his own dream.
答案：①to order ②of ③reminded
句式升级
④Although they are reminded not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
→____________________________， some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.(过去分词短语作状语)
答案：④Reminded not to drive after drinking
⑥ intend v. 计划，打算(教材P22)
[名师点津] intend的过去完成时，表示本打算做某事，但实际没做成。有类似用法的动词还有：plan, hope, think等。
单句语法填空
①Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping ________ (intend) clear.
② Making a full－length clay figure would not exhaust my strength and that is what I intend ________ (do).
③(朗文当代)I didn't intend her ________ (see) the painting until it was finished.
④(柯林斯词典)This money is intended ________ the development of the tourist industry.
答案：①intention ②to do ③to see ④for
一句多译
⑤昨晚我原本打算去拜访你的，可是下雨了。
I ________________________ last night, but it rained.
＝I ________________________ last night, but it rained.
答案：⑤had intended to visit you; intended to have visited you
⑦ recognise v. 认识，辨认出(教材P24)
单句语法填空
①(柯林斯词典)A man I easily ________ (recognize) as Luke's father sat with a newspaper on his lip.
②(牛津高阶)________ was recognised that this solution could only be temporary.
③(朗文当代)The World Health Organization has recognized alcoholism ________ a disease since 1951.
④(剑桥高阶)When he returned to his home town after the war, he found it had changed beyond all ________ (recognise).
答案：①recognized ②It ③as ④recognition
单句表达
⑤ 目前，尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to ___________________．
答案：⑤recognize different facial expressions in humans
⑧ base v. 以……为基础(教材P24)
单句语法填空
①(柯林斯词典)The selection process is based ________ rigorous tests of competence and experience.
②Stars apparently do not follow this ________ (base) principle of sportsmanship.
③(牛津高阶)She works there on a voluntary ________ (base).
答案：①on ②basic ③basis
单句表达
④许多业务仍然是通过电话完成的，大部分是基于信任和现有的关系。
A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it _____________________ trust and existing relationships.
⑤(剑桥高阶)有些决定是根据错误信息作出的。
Decisions were often made ____________________ incorrect information.
答案：④is based on ⑤on the basis of
⑨ aware adj. 意识到的，明白的(教材P24)
单句语法填空
①During that time, increasing environmental ________ (aware) made it desirable.
②(牛津高阶)It happened without my being aware ________ it.
答案：①awareness ②of
单句表达
③从巴黎到华沙历时三个月，行程1，900英里，这是杜班奇提高欧洲和全世界对食物浪费认识的方式。
The three－month, 1，900－mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's way of ____________ _ in Europe and throughout the world.
④(中国日报)新冠肺炎的流行使我们更加意识到技术的许多用途，甚至在传统的基础设施中。
The COVID－19 pandemic has _____________ the many uses of technologies even in traditional infrastructure.
答案：③raising awareness of food waste ④made us more aware of
（第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(剑桥高阶)After hearing the news they sat in a quiet, ________ (reflect) silence.
答案：reflective
2．Neither my parents nor my younger sister ________ (be) at home today.
答案：is
3．The course can develop children's imagination, ________ (creative), teamwork spirit and communication skills.
答案：creativity
4．He's more of a talker than a doer; that is ________ he never finishes anything.
答案：why
5．(中国日报)Prior to the pandemic, Asian Americans, particularly immigrants and those with lower English proficiency, had often had trouble ________ (access) mental health care due to structural, cultural, and linguistic barriers.
答案：accessing
6．(剑桥高阶)The instructions are terribly ________ (confuse).
答案：confusing
7．I wonder whether you have asked ________ (you) what you really want.
答案：yourself
8．(牛津高阶)The play is loosely based ________ his childhood in Russia.
答案：on
9．I quite wonder ________ the old expert's wide range of knowledge.
答案：at
10．(牛津高阶)You remind me ________ your father when you say that.
答案：of
Ⅱ.选词填空
be aware of; play safe; at sixes and sevens; speaking of; be short for; look out of; wind up; burn up; burn down; come across
1．(柯林斯词典)Brisk walking ____________ more calories than slow jogging.
答案：burns up
2．(牛津高阶)We eventually ____________ staying in a super little hotel by the sea.
答案：wound up
3．(剑桥高阶)We've been invited to Rachel and Jamie's wedding—____________ which, did you know that they're moving to London
答案：speaking of
4．They have just moved into the new house and everything is ____________．
答案：at sixes and sevens
5．(牛津高阶)He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really ____________．
答案：come across
6．To ____________， we'd better leave a bit earlier in case we should be held up by the traffic.
答案：play safe
7．It is said that two hundred houses ____________ in the fire which broke out yesterday.
答案：were burned down
8．(牛津高阶)She ____________ the window and saw the postman coming up the path.
答案：looked out of
9．Now people ____________ the importance of protecting the environment and are taking measures to save the earth.
答案：are aware of
10．It is wellknown that WHO ____________ World Health Organization, which is an international organization aiming to fight and control disease.
答案：is short for
Ⅲ.单句表达
1．他的父母和他都不知道那件事。
__________________________________ anything about it.
答案：Neither his parents nor he knows
2．(中国日报)我们仍然有很多人没有感染这种病毒，也没有接种疫苗，这就是为什么我们现在处于弱势地位。
We've still got a lot of people out there who have neither had this virus infection nor yet been immunized and ____________ we're in a vulnerable position right now.
答案：that's why
3．如果你对别人说的话感兴趣，他们会觉得和你谈话更自在。
If you appear interested in __________________， they'd feel more comfortable talking with you.
答案：what people are saying
4．我今天本应该做报告的，但我喉咙痛，无法讲话。
I supposed to give a presentation today, but I ________________________．
答案：have a frog in my throat
5．她花了很多时间去看望穷人。
She spent ________________________________________．
答案：a great deal of time visiting the poor
（第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
复杂多变的动词
考点二 进行时态
[感悟] 语法填空四谨记
1．明晰高考考查类型
动词的时态和语态题，大致可分为三种类型：一是题干中提供时间状语；二是提供的时间状语有较强的干扰性和迷惑性；三是题干中不提供任何时间状语，而是给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子。
2．掌握独特的时间状语标志
(1)看到always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等要想到用一般现在时；
(2)看到yesterday, last night, a few days ago, the other day等要想到用一般过去时；
(3)看到since, so far, up to now, in the last/past few years等要想到用现在完成时。
3．熟记固定句型中的时态
(1)be doing...when...，主句常用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时；
(2)It is/has been＋时间段＋since...表示“自从……以来已经……”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时；
(3)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。
4．分清主动与被动，辨析语态
看到动词为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，要想到用被动语态。
核心考点破析
一、动词的时态(以动词do为例)
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般时 do/does did shall/will do should/would do
进行时 am/is/are doing was/were doing shall/will be doing should/would be doing
完成时 have/has done had done shall/will have done should/would have done
完成进行时 have/has been doing had been doing shall/will have been doing should/would have been doing
1.现在进行时
①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。与现在进行时相对应的时间状语有：now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等。
I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我真的不在这里工作，只是在帮忙，直到新秘书来。
②表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常用的这类动词有：go，come，leave，arrive，start，move等，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的动作。
He is leaving tomorrow to play his first match. 他明天要去打他的第一场比赛。
③与always, often, forever, constantly, continually等连用时，表示赞赏或厌恶等感彩，而非强调动作正在进行。
He is always helping others.
他总是帮助其他人。
2．过去进行时
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间需用时间状语表示)。与过去进行时相对应的时间状语有：then, at that time, at this time yesterday等。
Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 去年我去拜访苏珊时，她已经辞去了收入丰厚的工作，在附近做志愿者。
②表示过去计划或安排在将来会发生的动作(只限于plan, come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等)。
He said (that) she was arriving the next day.
他说她第二天会到达。
3．将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作。常与at (时刻) tomorrow, in the next two months等时间状语连用。
I' ll be doing some housework tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我将要干些家务活。
4．现在完成进行时
①表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚完成，也可能继续进行下去。常与these days，recently，lately，in the past/last few＋时间段； since＋时间点； for＋时间段等连用。
All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.
这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。
②表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
We have been seeing each other quite a lot recently.
最近我们常常见面。
即学即练
单句语法填空/完成句子
1．Now the local authorities ________ (work) to standardize and modernize operations at the restaurants to turn the brand into a successful and safe food business worldwide.[2023·辽宁省五校联考]
2．Listen! Mary ________________________．
听！玛丽正在教室里唱一首英文歌。
3．He ________________________ from 3：00 to 5：00 yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午从3点到5点他一直在家看电视。
4．They ____________________ at the station.
他们会在车站接我们的。
考点三 将来时态
1.一般将来时
①“will/shall＋动词原形”表示现在看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。
It is said that he will retire next month.
据说他将于下月卸任。
②“be going to＋动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事；表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，推测某事即将发生。
Look at the cloud. It looks as if it is going to rain．
瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。
③“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when连用。
The English Evening is about to start．
英语晚会即将开始。
④“be to＋动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控
制的，或用于征求意见。
You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.
你要10点前交上论文。
2．过去将来时
表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
She was sure she would succeed．
她确信她会成功。
即学即练
单句语法填空/完成句子
1．And ineffective tilling means some seeds won't take and yield ________ (drop)．[2023·福建省高三百校联合测评]
2．如果你努力，就会成功的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
________________________________________________________________________
3．这条公路将在五月份通车。(be to do)
________________________________________________________________________
4．今年冬天我打算买一件新大衣。(be going to)
________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
考点二
即学即练
1．答案与解析：are working 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间标志词“Now”和语境可知，谓语动词时态应用现在进行时；主语the local authorities是复数，与work之间是主动关系，故填are working。
2．is singing an English song in the classroom
3．was watching TV at home
4．will be meeting us
考点三
即学即练
1．答案与解析：will drop 考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语，and是并列连词，前后时态一般保持一致， won't take 的提示可知，设空处为一般将来时， 故填will drop。
2．Work hard and you will succeed.
3．The highway is to be open to traffic in May.
4．I'm going to buy a new coat this winter.必修第一册 Unit 2 Exploring English
知识背诵清单通关练
（第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量
1. n. 题目，标题
2． v. 雕刻，雕塑
3． n. 雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
4． adj. 独一无二的，独特的
5． n. 警报器；闹钟
6． adj. 看得见的，可见的
7． n. 类型，种类
8． adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的
9． v. 联系，联络
10． adj. 可能的，可能发生的
11． n. 上下文，语境
12． n. (因特网上的)论坛，讨论区
13． n. 资料，(教学)资源
14． n. 事故，灾难
15． v. 提醒，使……想起
16． adv. 相当，颇
17． n. 大门(口)，入口(处)
18． n. 区域
19． n. 出口
20． adv. 事实上，实际上
21． adj. 消极的，负面的
核心词汇之转换词形词性
1. adj. (观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的
→ v. 反对(计划、政策等); 抵制； 阻挠→ adj. 对立的，相反的
2． n. 举止，行为→ v. 举动，表现
3． adj. 令人困惑的→ v. 使困惑
→ adj. 困惑的→ n. 混乱，困惑
4． v. 显示，反映→ n. 反映；映像；沉思，深思
→ adj. 反射的，反映的；(指物体表面)反光的；(指人、心情等)深思熟虑的
5． n. 创造性，创造力→ v. 创造
→ adj. 创造(性)的→ n. 创造者，创作者→ n. 创造，产物
6． n. 组织，团体，机构→ v. 组织，筹备，安排
→ adj. 有组织的，系统的，有条理的→ n. (活动等的)组织者
7． n. 增加物，添加物→ v. 增加，补充说
→ adj. 附加的，额外的
8． v. 计划，打算→ n. 打算，计划，意图
9． adj. (书写或言谈)非正式的→ adj. 正式的
10． v. 认识，辨认出→ n. 认出，识别，承认，认可
11． v. 以……为基础→basis n. 基础，根据
→ adj. 基本的，基础的→ adv. 基本上，从根本上说
12． adj. 意识到的，明白的
→ adj. 不知道的，没意识到的，未察觉的→ n. 意识，认识
（第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固
1． 做某事有困难
2． 直到……才……
3． 既不……也不……
4． 在某人的业余时间
5． 提到，谈到
6． .. 向外看……
7． 对……感到惊叹
8． 烧毁，烧尽
9． 烧毁
10． 填写
11． 给(机械)上发条； 使(活动、会议等)结束
12． 偶然发现
13． 冷静下来
14． 由……组成
15． ……的简称；……的缩写
16． 和……不同
17． 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某物/事
18． 谨慎行事；避免冒险
19． (尤因咽喉痛)说话困难
20． 意识到，察觉到
第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固
① confusing adj. 令人困惑的(教材P15)
单句语法填空
①The author takes novel reading as a way to get away from a ________ (confuse) world.
②(牛津高阶)He was too distressed and ________ (confuse) to answer their questions.
③(柯林斯词典)A survey showed people were confused ________ what they should eat to stay healthy.
④ The woman looked at him in ________ (confuse) and said something about changing her clothes.
单句表达
⑤(牛津高阶)这种句法结构不可与按规则变化的被动语态相混淆。
This construction ________________________ the regular passive.
② reflect v. 显示，反映(教材P15)
单句语法填空
① Wednesday, residents of Rjukan got their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of ________ (reflect) boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use.
②At first I disagreed, but on ________ (reflect), what she said did make sense.
③Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting ________ how you learn.
单句表达
④(牛津高阶)我再一考虑，反倒觉得可能还是她对。
________________， I saw that she might be right, after all.
③ unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的(教材P17)
单句语法填空
① The smart keyboard doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar ________．
②(柯林斯词典)He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar ________ him than his own.
③His ________ (familiar) with the local language helped him enjoy his travel there.
④(牛津高阶)The elephant's nose or, more ________ (familiar), trunk is the most versatile organ in the animal kingdom.
单句表达
⑤(牛津高阶)住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。
The smell ____________________ everyone who lives near a bakery.
④ likely adj. 可能的，可能发生的(教材P17)
[名师点津] 表示“可能的”的形容词还有：possible, probable，其用法为：
It is possible for sb to do sth
It is possible/probable that ...
单句语法填空
①Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely ________ (recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
②The advantage race walking has over running is that ________ is less likely to cause knee injuries.
一句多译
③如果你不努力学习，你很有可能在学习方面落后。
It ________________ you will fall behind in your studies if you don't study hard.
＝You ________________________ in your studies if you don't study hard.
⑤ remind v. 提醒，使……想起(教材P20)
[名师点津] 和“remind sb of sth”结构相似的还有：
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
单句语法填空
①(中国日报)According to the new regulation, it said food delivery platforms should remind consumers ________ (order) the proper amount of food.
②Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me ________ the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”．
③The seventeenyearold boy put up a picture of Steve Jobs beside the bed to keep himself ________ (remind) of his own dream.
句式升级
④Although they are reminded not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
→____________________________， some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.(过去分词短语作状语)
⑥ intend v. 计划，打算(教材P22)
[名师点津] intend的过去完成时，表示本打算做某事，但实际没做成。有类似用法的动词还有：plan, hope, think等。
单句语法填空
①Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping ________ (intend) clear.
② Making a full－length clay figure would not exhaust my strength and that is what I intend ________ (do).
③(朗文当代)I didn't intend her ________ (see) the painting until it was finished.
④(柯林斯词典)This money is intended ________ the development of the tourist industry.
一句多译
⑤昨晚我原本打算去拜访你的，可是下雨了。
I ________________________ last night, but it rained.
＝I ________________________ last night, but it rained.
⑦ recognise v. 认识，辨认出(教材P24)
单句语法填空
①(柯林斯词典)A man I easily ________ (recognize) as Luke's father sat with a newspaper on his lip.
②(牛津高阶)________ was recognised that this solution could only be temporary.
③(朗文当代)The World Health Organization has recognized alcoholism ________ a disease since 1951.
④(剑桥高阶)When he returned to his home town after the war, he found it had changed beyond all ________ (recognise).
单句表达
⑤ 目前，尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to ___________________．
⑧ base v. 以……为基础(教材P24)
单句语法填空
①(柯林斯词典)The selection process is based ________ rigorous tests of competence and experience.
②Stars apparently do not follow this ________ (base) principle of sportsmanship.
③(牛津高阶)She works there on a voluntary ________ (base).
单句表达
④许多业务仍然是通过电话完成的，大部分是基于信任和现有的关系。
A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it _____________________ trust and existing relationships.
⑤(剑桥高阶)有些决定是根据错误信息作出的。
Decisions were often made ____________________ incorrect information.
⑨ aware adj. 意识到的，明白的(教材P24)
单句语法填空
①During that time, increasing environmental ________ (aware) made it desirable.
②(牛津高阶)It happened without my being aware ________ it.
单句表达
③从巴黎到华沙历时三个月，行程1，900英里，这是杜班奇提高欧洲和全世界对食物浪费认识的方式。
The three－month, 1，900－mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's way of ____________ _ in Europe and throughout the world.
④(中国日报)新冠肺炎的流行使我们更加意识到技术的许多用途，甚至在传统的基础设施中。
The COVID－19 pandemic has _____________ the many uses of technologies even in traditional infrastructure.
（第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(剑桥高阶)After hearing the news they sat in a quiet, ________ (reflect) silence.
2．Neither my parents nor my younger sister ________ (be) at home today.
3．The course can develop children's imagination, ________ (creative), teamwork spirit and communication skills.
4．He's more of a talker than a doer; that is ________ he never finishes anything.
5．(中国日报)Prior to the pandemic, Asian Americans, particularly immigrants and those with lower English proficiency, had often had trouble ________ (access) mental health care due to structural, cultural, and linguistic barriers.
6．(剑桥高阶)The instructions are terribly ________ (confuse).
7．I wonder whether you have asked ________ (you) what you really want.
8．(牛津高阶)The play is loosely based ________ his childhood in Russia.
9．I quite wonder ________ the old expert's wide range of knowledge.
10．(牛津高阶)You remind me ________ your father when you say that.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be aware of; play safe; at sixes and sevens; speaking of; be short for; look out of; wind up; burn up; burn down; come across
1．(柯林斯词典)Brisk walking ____________ more calories than slow jogging.
2．(牛津高阶)We eventually ____________ staying in a super little hotel by the sea.
3．(剑桥高阶)We've been invited to Rachel and Jamie's wedding—____________ which, did you know that they're moving to London
4．They have just moved into the new house and everything is ____________．
5．(牛津高阶)He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really ____________．
6．To ____________， we'd better leave a bit earlier in case we should be held up by the traffic.
7．It is said that two hundred houses ____________ in the fire which broke out yesterday.
8．(牛津高阶)She ____________ the window and saw the postman coming up the path.
9．Now people ____________ the importance of protecting the environment and are taking measures to save the earth.
10．It is wellknown that WHO ____________ World Health Organization, which is an international organization aiming to fight and control disease.
Ⅲ.单句表达
1．他的父母和他都不知道那件事。
__________________________________ anything about it.
2．(中国日报)我们仍然有很多人没有感染这种病毒，也没有接种疫苗，这就是为什么我们现在处于弱势地位。
We've still got a lot of people out there who have neither had this virus infection nor yet been immunized and ____________ we're in a vulnerable position right now.
3．如果你对别人说的话感兴趣，他们会觉得和你谈话更自在。
If you appear interested in __________________， they'd feel more comfortable talking with you.
4．我今天本应该做报告的，但我喉咙痛，无法讲话。
I supposed to give a presentation today, but I ________________________．
5．她花了很多时间去看望穷人。
She spent ________________________________________．
（第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(2)
复杂多变的动词
考点二 进行时态
[感悟] 语法填空四谨记
1．明晰高考考查类型
动词的时态和语态题，大致可分为三种类型：一是题干中提供时间状语；二是提供的时间状语有较强的干扰性和迷惑性；三是题干中不提供任何时间状语，而是给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子。
2．掌握独特的时间状语标志
(1)看到always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等要想到用一般现在时；
(2)看到yesterday, last night, a few days ago, the other day等要想到用一般过去时；
(3)看到since, so far, up to now, in the last/past few years等要想到用现在完成时。
3．熟记固定句型中的时态
(1)be doing...when...，主句常用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时；
(2)It is/has been＋时间段＋since...表示“自从……以来已经……”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时；
(3)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。
4．分清主动与被动，辨析语态
看到动词为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，要想到用被动语态。
核心考点破析
一、动词的时态(以动词do为例)
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般时 do/does did shall/will do should/would do
进行时 am/is/are doing was/were doing shall/will be doing should/would be doing
完成时 have/has done had done shall/will have done should/would have done
完成进行时 have/has been doing had been doing shall/will have been doing should/would have been doing
1.现在进行时
①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。与现在进行时相对应的时间状语有：now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等。
I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我真的不在这里工作，只是在帮忙，直到新秘书来。
②表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常用的这类动词有：go，come，leave，arrive，start，move等，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的动作。
He is leaving tomorrow to play his first match. 他明天要去打他的第一场比赛。
③与always, often, forever, constantly, continually等连用时，表示赞赏或厌恶等感彩，而非强调动作正在进行。
He is always helping others.
他总是帮助其他人。
2．过去进行时
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间需用时间状语表示)。与过去进行时相对应的时间状语有：then, at that time, at this time yesterday等。
Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 去年我去拜访苏珊时，她已经辞去了收入丰厚的工作，在附近做志愿者。
②表示过去计划或安排在将来会发生的动作(只限于plan, come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等)。
He said (that) she was arriving the next day.
他说她第二天会到达。
3．将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作。常与at (时刻) tomorrow, in the next two months等时间状语连用。
I' ll be doing some housework tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我将要干些家务活。
4．现在完成进行时
①表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚完成，也可能继续进行下去。常与these days，recently，lately，in the past/last few＋时间段； since＋时间点； for＋时间段等连用。
All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.
这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。
②表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
We have been seeing each other quite a lot recently.
最近我们常常见面。
即学即练
单句语法填空/完成句子
1．Now the local authorities ________ (work) to standardize and modernize operations at the restaurants to turn the brand into a successful and safe food business worldwide.[2023·辽宁省五校联考]
2．Listen! Mary ________________________．
听！玛丽正在教室里唱一首英文歌。
3．He ________________________ from 3：00 to 5：00 yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午从3点到5点他一直在家看电视。
4．They ____________________ at the station.
他们会在车站接我们的。
考点三 将来时态
1.一般将来时
①“will/shall＋动词原形”表示现在看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。
It is said that he will retire next month.
据说他将于下月卸任。
②“be going to＋动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事；表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，推测某事即将发生。
Look at the cloud. It looks as if it is going to rain．
瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。
③“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when连用。
The English Evening is about to start．
英语晚会即将开始。
④“be to＋动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控
制的，或用于征求意见。
You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.
你要10点前交上论文。
2．过去将来时
表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
She was sure she would succeed．
她确信她会成功。
即学即练
单句语法填空/完成句子
1．And ineffective tilling means some seeds won't take and yield ________ (drop)．[2023·福建省高三百校联合测评]
2．如果你努力，就会成功的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
________________________________________________________________________
3．这条公路将在五月份通车。(be to do)
________________________________________________________________________
4．今年冬天我打算买一件新大衣。(be going to)
________________________________________________________________________
