中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 History and Traditions
1. Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
puzzle n. 谜；难题
be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好
be a puzzle to sb. ······对某人来说是个谜
①I am in a puzzle about getting along with my new classmates.
② Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
vt. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzle over/about 仔细琢磨；冥思苦想
puzzle out 仔细考虑；琢磨出······的答案
①Karen puzzled over the question all evening.
②He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.
n. puzzlement 迷惑；困惑
adj. puzzled 感到迷惑的 be puzzled about ... 对······迷惑不解的
adj. puzzling 令人迷惑的
(1) The firemen were ______ a puzzle about the cause of the fire.
(2) I've puzzled ______ this question for a while, and I'm still not sure what the right answer is.
(3) He lay looking at the sky, trying to puzzle things ______.
(4) Everyone was a bit ________ (puzzle) by her sudden departure.
(5) The spelling of English is often ________ (puzzle).
答案 1 in 2about/over 3out 4 puzzled 5 puzzling
2. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, ···
break away from 挣脱 ；脱离；背叛
1) The teenager broke away from the volunteer and ran away.
2) With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to break away from the Union.
归纳拓展
(1) break away from脱离;背叛;逃脱
(2) break up 打碎;分裂，解体;结束;(关系等)破裂
(3) break down 出故障;垮掉;失败
(4) break into 破门而入;突然......起来(及物动词短语)
(5) break in 破门而入;打断，插嘴(不及物动词短语)
(6) break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)突然发生，爆发
(7) break through 突破
(8) break off 中断;折断
单句语法填空
(1) The Union first consisted of several countries, which broke away ______ it later because of conflicts.
(2) It was the fact that his car broke ______ on the way this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.
(3) ---I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken _____.
---So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
(4) We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken ______the office during the night.
答案1 from 2down 3up 4 into
3.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work…
belong vi. 应在（某处）；适应
belong to 属于…;是…的成员/一部分 ，不用于被动语态和进行时态。belonging to做后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句
a sense of belonging 归属感
belongings n. 附属品；财物
①Where do these plates belong？
这些盘子应放哪里？
②Paper－cutting has a history of over 1,500 years, belonging to traditional art in China．
剪纸有1,500多年的历史，属于中国传统艺术。
③She packed a few of her belongings in a bag and left．
她把她的几件东西装进包里便离开了。
(1)单句语法填空
①The house had belonged ________ her family for three or four generations．
②Many of her personal ___________ (belong) had been stolen．
答案1to 2 belongings
4. as well as
…as well as share the same currency and military defence.
as well as 还；也；同（一样好），连接两个名词作主语时，“就远原则”
①Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week．
艾米，还有她的哥哥们，上周回到村子的时候受到了热烈欢迎。
②We're repairing the roof as well as painting the walls．
我们正在修屋顶，也粉刷墙壁。
③Few guitarists can sing as well as they can play; Eddie, however, is an exception．
很少有吉他手唱歌能像弹吉他一样好，然而埃迪是个例外。
【归纳】
(1)单句语法填空
①They visited some factories, hospitals as ________ as the school．
②The movie star as well as a lot of fans ________ (be)photographed a lot by TV stations and newspapers．
答案1 well 2 was
5.join vt/vi. 参加，连接，结合
join...to.... 把……和……连接或联结起来
join in参加；加入
join sb (in sth/doing...) 和某人一起（做某事）
(1)The island，joined to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
这个岛由一座大桥与大陆相连，很容易到达。
(2)It is said that more than two hundred students have joined in the discussion.
据说二百多名学生参与了讨论。
(3)We are going to the movies. Would you like to join us
我们去看电影，你愿意和我们一起去吗？
即学活用
翻译句子。
你是否方便和我一起去参观展览
_____________________________________________
答案 Is it convenient for you to join me in visiting the exhibition
6.…as well as share the same currency and military defence.
defence n. 防御；保卫 ;辩护
defence against sth. 对…的防御物/防御能力
in defence of ... 保护…; 为…辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
defend vt. 防御;保护;辩护
defend… from/against ... 保护…免受…的伤害
①The immune system is our main defence against disease．
②Mr Green stood up in defence of the little boy．
③I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.
Our forefathers built this wall to defend themselves from invasion．
(1)单句语法填空
①In addition, firewalls are no defence ________ internal hackers．
②Strength lies not in ________ (defend) but in attack．
答案1against 2 defence
7.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ，who...
surround vt.包围；围绕
①surround ···with···用······包围
②be surrounded by/with··· 被······包围/环绕
③surround oneself with··· 和······在一起；与······为伍
④surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
④surroundings n.环境 (复数)
1) They have surrounded the flat with the police.
2) The small island with beautiful sight is surrounded by/with the sea.
3) David likes to surround himself with young people.
4) The development of the town will have implications for the surrounding countryside.
5) He is an expert at finding his way, even in strange surroundings.
即学即用
(1) The ____________ (surround) villages have been included into the growing city.
(2) The buildings have been designed to blend in with their __________ (surround).
(3) The poet ______________ (surround) by a crowd of people, eager to hear his speech.
答案1surrounding 2 surroundings 3was surrounded
8.…you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
evidence n. 证据；证明
①There is evidence that... 有证据证明…
②It is evident that… 很明显…
③in evidence 显眼；显而易见
evident adj. 明显的；清楚的；明白的 evidently adv. 明显地
①There is a lot of evidence that stress is partly responsible for disease.
②It was evident that she had once been a beauty．
③The first signs of spring are in evidence.
④Evidently, he has not made up his mind yet．
(1)单句语法填空
①There is no evidence ________ the meeting actually took place．
②________ (evidence), the Spanish team is likely to win the World Cup．
③The police are always ________ evidence at football matches．
答案1that 2Evidently 3 in
9.If 省略结构
So what is the difference between them, if any (P40, para.1)
如果有区别的话，那他们之间的区别是什么呢？
if any 意为“如果有的话”（=If there is/are any at all）,
起加强语气的作用。
If necessary=If it is necessary 如果有必要的话
If so=If it is so 如果是这样的话
If not 如果不是这样的话;否则,不然
If ever 如果曾经发生过的话
If possible=If it is possible 如果可能的话
10. announce vt.宣布；指控；声称
announce (to sb.) that ... 向（某人）宣布······；通知某人
It's announced that ... 据宣布······
announce sth. to sb./annouce to sb. sth. 向某人宣布······
as is announced 正如宣布的那样
announcement n.宣布
..., we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
It's announced that Professor Wang is coming to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
They announced their engagement to the family.
As is announced in today's paper, they have succeeded in solving many problems in accordance the new theory.
单句语法填空
①Professor Wang is announced ___ ____ (come) to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
②I will always ___________ my goals _____ the world.(announce)
答案1to come 2announce to
11. generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.
be generous to sb 对某人慷慨/对某人宽宏大量
be generous with sth. 在(时间、金钱等）上很大方/很慷慨
be generous in (doing) sth. 乐于做某事
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨
①Although he is poor, he was quite generous to his needy friends.
②He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
③He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.
④It is generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
①She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous ________ the people in need of help.
②While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show __________and sympathy.(generous)
答案1 to 2 generosity
12.eager adj.热切的；渴望的
I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that....
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望······
be eager that sb. (should) do sth. 热切希望······
be eager for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
①Many students are eager to find a good way to improve their writting skills in a short period.
②Everyone is eager for success.
③These children are eager that their parents come home earlier .
④I am eager for you to come to my wedding.
即学即练
①He is eager_______ his parents' approval.
②I wasn't able to hide my __________when I asked,“What do you wish me to do now ”.(eager)
③Some of us were confident and eager __________ (take) part in the class activity;others were nervous and anxious.
答案1 for 2eagerness 3 to take
13.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
剖析：句中had castles built为have +宾语+宾补结构。宾语castles与build之间为被动关系，故用过去分词built作宾语补足语
have sth. done可表示以下含义：
（主语）请/派别人完成某事
（主语）完成某事（可能参与，也可能不参与）
（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况
用于否定句中，表示“不允许，不让”
①We had the machine repaired.
②They're going to have some trees planted.
③Yesterday I have my wallet stolen.
④I would never have done what they did.
区分相似结构
have sb do sth 让某人做某事(=let/make sb. do或get sb. to do)
have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事（强调动作一直在持续）
have sth to do （主语）有某事要做（主动形式）
①The director had her assistant ________(pick) up some documents for the meeting .
②The teacher had him _________ (stand) for a long time outside to punish him for his being late again.
③After the farewell (欢送会）party，we had a photo _________(take) to record this precious moment.
④ I can't go with you because I have a lot of work ______(do).
答案1 pick 2.standing 3taken 4 to do
14. Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged.
charge v. 充电; 控告 ; 收费 n.收费; 指控; 主管
考点必记
charge sb. for (doing) sth.收取某人(做)……的费用
charge sb. with sth.指控某人犯……罪
free of charge 免费
in charge of 负责, 主管
in the charge of 由……负责
take charge of 负责管理/照顾
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Your order will be delivered _____________ (免费) within a ten mile limit.
2) They charged me five dollars ______ a cup of coffee.
3) The project is ________________ (在……掌管之下) an experienced engineer.
4) The man arrested by the police ________________ (被指控) stealing.
5) At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny —usually two or three cents was _________(要价，收费).
答案1 free of charge 2.for 3.in the charge of 4. was charged with 5.charged
15. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
approach v. 接近; 靠近；着手处理； 接洽 n. 接近; 方法; 途径
【归纳】
1) approach sb. for / about sth. 要求某人(做)……
be approaching 快到了；正在接近
2) at the approach of 在快到……的时候
make an approach / approaches to
接近；逼近；交涉；对……进行探讨
approach to 接近，近似，约等于； (做某事)的方法(途径)
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) ______________ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
2) At the meeting they discussed three different approaches __________ the study of mathematics.
单词拼写
3) She also ___________(靠近) dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.
辨析：approach, way, means, method
都有“方式”、“方法”、“途径”之意
① 表达“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：
the approach to (doing) sth.
the way to do / of (doing) sth.
the means of (doing) sth.
the method of (doing) sth.
② 分别与不同的介词搭配：
with this method, in this way, by this means
答案1Approaching 2.to 3.approached
【语法精讲】
过去分词作定语和宾补
一.过去分词作定语
1. 单个的过去分词作定语，置于被修饰词之前，称为前置定语.
Before the show, hundreds of excited visitors waited in their seats eagerly.
2. 过去分词短语作定语，置于被修饰词之后，相当于定语从句，称为后置定语.
Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately (＝which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊当场死亡。
【拓展】
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left (剩余的), given (所给的), concerned (有关的)等。
There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.剩余的老虎不多了，是相关部门采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。
(2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词，或是指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
Is there anything unsolved？还有什么没解决的吗？
3.意义：表示被动或完成。及物动词的过去分词作定语表被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成
broken plates
the polluted water
the spoken language
fallen leaves
the developed country
a retired teacher
the risen sun
4.用于修饰人的过去分词可以修饰与人有关的表情、面貌、举止行为以及感觉。
The boy looked up with a pleased expression.
His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam.
二、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
eg He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.
Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.
常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词，如watch, see, observe, look, hear, listen, find, notice等；使役动词如make, get, have, keep, leave等。
eg I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.
The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.
My mother has her hair cut every two months.
We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.
The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.
【辨析】现在分词、过去分词、不定式作宾语补足语有什么区别？
I saw him get off the bus. do 主动，全过程
I saw him lying on the road. doing 主动，进行
I saw him knocked down by a car. done 被动，完成
单句填空：
1)You will see this product__________(advertise) wherever you go.
2)From the date _________(mark) on the plates, we decided that they were made in the Song Dynasty.
3)The lab ______ (build) last year is more advanced than the former one.
答案 1advertised 2marked 3built
【课堂练习】
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese ____________(习俗) in the Spring Festival.
2. To ____________ (保证) that I can concentrate on my study, my father does whatever he can do for me.
3. As to your advertised ____________ (职位) , it ’s my pleasure to say that I am the just person you are searching for.
4. The town walls were built as a ____________(防御) against the enemy.
5. They often stay up late into the night, eating ____________(零食), which is bad for their health.
6. Our school is in a central ____________(位置) within easy reach of the bus station.
7. When the waste is thrown into rivers and ____________(海洋), pollution happens.
8. We can acquire wisdom from our ____________(祖先), which we can apply to our daily life.
9. He once worked as a ____________(主要的) editor in a newspaper office.
10. I want to speak to each member of the group ____________(单独地).
答案：1 customs 2ensure 3position 4defense 5snacks 6location 7oceans 8ancestors 9cheif 10 individually
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. With the college entrance examination ____________(approach), some students are getting more and more nervous.
2. Mike is eager ____________(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers of other subjects ____________ (be)patient with us.
4. I wonder how much you will charge me ____________ the six-week course.
5. ____________(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning of English, I still feel ________(puzzle) in some aspects.
7. It ____________(announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
8. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of ____________(achieve).
9. There ____________(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
10. I have enough evidence ____________ hard work pays off.
答案
1 approaching 2 to stay 3is/was 4for 5 Surrounded 6. puzzled 7is announced
8achievement 9are 10 that
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Unit 4 History and Traditions
1. Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
puzzle n. 谜；难题
be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好
be a puzzle to sb. ······对某人来说是个谜
①I am in a puzzle about getting along with my new classmates.
② Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
vt. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzle over/about 仔细琢磨；冥思苦想
puzzle out 仔细考虑；琢磨出······的答案
①Karen puzzled over the question all evening.
②He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.
n. puzzlement 迷惑；困惑
adj. puzzled 感到迷惑的 be puzzled about ... 对······迷惑不解的
adj. puzzling 令人迷惑的
(1) The firemen were ______ a puzzle about the cause of the fire.
(2) I've puzzled ______ this question for a while, and I'm still not sure what the right answer is.
(3) He lay looking at the sky, trying to puzzle things ______.
(4) Everyone was a bit ________ (puzzle) by her sudden departure.
(5) The spelling of English is often ________ (puzzle).
2. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, ···
break away from 挣脱 ；脱离；背叛
1) The teenager broke away from the volunteer and ran away.
2) With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to break away from the Union.
归纳拓展
(1) break away from脱离;背叛;逃脱
(2) break up 打碎;分裂，解体;结束;(关系等)破裂
(3) break down 出故障;垮掉;失败
(4) break into 破门而入;突然......起来(及物动词短语)
(5) break in 破门而入;打断，插嘴(不及物动词短语)
(6) break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)突然发生，爆发
(7) break through 突破
(8) break off 中断;折断
单句语法填空
(1) The Union first consisted of several countries, which broke away ______ it later because of conflicts.
(2) It was the fact that his car broke ______ on the way this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.
(3) ---I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken _____.
---So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
(4) We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken ______the office during the night.
3.
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work…
belong vi. 应在（某处）；适应
belong to 属于…;是…的成员/一部分 ，不用于被动语态和进行时态。belonging to做后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句
a sense of belonging 归属感
belongings n. 附属品；财物
①Where do these plates belong？
这些盘子应放哪里？
②Paper－cutting has a history of over 1,500 years, belonging to traditional art in China．
剪纸有1,500多年的历史，属于中国传统艺术。
③She packed a few of her belongings in a bag and left．
她把她的几件东西装进包里便离开了。
(1)单句语法填空
①The house had belonged ________ her family for three or four generations．
②Many of her personal ___________ (belong) had been stolen．
4. as well as
…as well as share the same currency and military defence.
as well as 还；也；同（一样好），连接两个名词作主语时，“就远原则”
①Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week．
艾米，还有她的哥哥们，上周回到村子的时候受到了热烈欢迎。
②We're repairing the roof as well as painting the walls．
我们正在修屋顶，也粉刷墙壁。
③Few guitarists can sing as well as they can play; Eddie, however, is an exception．
很少有吉他手唱歌能像弹吉他一样好，然而埃迪是个例外。
【归纳】
(1)单句语法填空
①They visited some factories, hospitals as ________ as the school．
②The movie star as well as a lot of fans ________ (be)photographed a lot by TV stations and newspapers．
5.join vt/vi. 参加，连接，结合
join...to.... 把……和……连接或联结起来
join in参加；加入
join sb (in sth/doing...) 和某人一起（做某事）
(1)The island，joined to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
这个岛由一座大桥与大陆相连，很容易到达。
(2)It is said that more than two hundred students have joined in the discussion.
据说二百多名学生参与了讨论。
(3)We are going to the movies. Would you like to join us
我们去看电影，你愿意和我们一起去吗？
即学活用
翻译句子。
你是否方便和我一起去参观展览
_____________________________________________
6.…as well as share the same currency and military defence.
defence n. 防御；保卫 ;辩护
defence against sth. 对…的防御物/防御能力
in defence of ... 保护…; 为…辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
defend vt. 防御;保护;辩护
defend… from/against ... 保护…免受…的伤害
①The immune system is our main defence against disease．
②Mr Green stood up in defence of the little boy．
③I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.
Our forefathers built this wall to defend themselves from invasion．
(1)单句语法填空
①In addition, firewalls are no defence ________ internal hackers．
②Strength lies not in ________ (defend) but in attack．
(2)单句写作
我们不应该忘记那些为保护人民的健康和安全而献身的医护人员。
We shouldn't forget ______________________________________ people's health and safety．
7.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ，who...
surround vt.包围；围绕
①surround ···with···用······包围
②be surrounded by/with··· 被······包围/环绕
③surround oneself with··· 和······在一起；与······为伍
④surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
④surroundings n.环境 (复数)
1) They have surrounded the flat with the police.
2) The small island with beautiful sight is surrounded by/with the sea.
3) David likes to surround himself with young people.
4) The development of the town will have implications for the surrounding countryside.
5) He is an expert at finding his way, even in strange surroundings.
即学即用
(1) The ____________ (surround) villages have been included into the growing city.
(2) The buildings have been designed to blend in with their __________ (surround).
(3) The poet ______________ (surround) by a crowd of people, eager to hear his speech.
8.…you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
evidence n. 证据；证明
①There is evidence that... 有证据证明…
②It is evident that… 很明显…
③in evidence 显眼；显而易见
evident adj. 明显的；清楚的；明白的 evidently adv. 明显地
①There is a lot of evidence that stress is partly responsible for disease.
②It was evident that she had once been a beauty．
③The first signs of spring are in evidence.
④Evidently, he has not made up his mind yet．
(1)单句语法填空
①There is no evidence ________ the meeting actually took place．
②________ (evidence), the Spanish team is likely to win the World Cup．
③The police are always ________ evidence at football matches．
9.If 省略结构
So what is the difference between them, if any (P40, para.1)
如果有区别的话，那他们之间的区别是什么呢？
if any 意为“如果有的话”（=If there is/are any at all）,
起加强语气的作用。
If necessary=If it is necessary 如果有必要的话
If so=If it is so 如果是这样的话
If not 如果不是这样的话;否则,不然
If ever 如果曾经发生过的话
If possible=If it is possible 如果可能的话
10. announce vt.宣布；指控；声称
announce (to sb.) that ... 向（某人）宣布······；通知某人
It's announced that ... 据宣布······
announce sth. to sb./annouce to sb. sth. 向某人宣布······
as is announced 正如宣布的那样
announcement n.宣布
..., we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
It's announced that Professor Wang is coming to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
They announced their engagement to the family.
As is announced in today's paper, they have succeeded in solving many problems in accordance the new theory.
单句语法填空
①Professor Wang is announced ___ ____ (come) to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
②I will always ___________ my goals _____ the world.(announce)
11. generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.
be generous to sb 对某人慷慨/对某人宽宏大量
be generous with sth. 在(时间、金钱等）上很大方/很慷慨
be generous in (doing) sth. 乐于做某事
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨
①Although he is poor, he was quite generous to his needy friends.
②He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
③He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.
④It is generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
①She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous ________ the people in need of help.
②While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show __________and sympathy.(generous)
12.eager adj.热切的；渴望的
I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that....
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望······
be eager that sb. (should) do sth. 热切希望······
be eager for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
①Many students are eager to find a good way to improve their writting skills in a short period.
②Everyone is eager for success.
③These children are eager that their parents come home earlier .
④I am eager for you to come to my wedding.
即学即练
①He is eager_______ his parents' approval.
②（湖南卷单选）I wasn't able to hide my __________when I asked,“What do you wish me to do now ”.(eager)
③Some of us were confident and eager __________ (take) part in the class activity;others were nervous and anxious.
13.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
剖析：句中had castles built为have +宾语+宾补结构。宾语castles与build之间为被动关系，故用过去分词built作宾语补足语
have sth. done可表示以下含义：
（主语）请/派别人完成某事
（主语）完成某事（可能参与，也可能不参与）
（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况
用于否定句中，表示“不允许，不让”
①We had the machine repaired.
②They're going to have some trees planted.
③Yesterday I have my wallet stolen.
④I would never have done what they did.
区分相似结构
have sb do sth 让某人做某事(=let/make sb. do或get sb. to do)
have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事（强调动作一直在持续）
have sth to do （主语）有某事要做（主动形式）
①The director had her assistant ________(pick) up some documents
for the meeting .
②The teacher had him _________ (stand) for a long time outside to punish him for his being late again.
③After the farewell (欢送会）party，we had a photo _________(take) to record this precious moment.
④ I can't go with you because I have a lot of work ______(do).
14. Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged.
charge v. 充电; 控告 ; 收费 n.收费; 指控; 主管
考点必记
charge sb. for (doing) sth.收取某人(做)……的费用
charge sb. with sth.指控某人犯……罪
free of charge 免费
in charge of 负责, 主管
in the charge of 由……负责
take charge of 负责管理/照顾
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Your order will be delivered _____________ (免费) within a ten mile limit.
2) They charged me five dollars ______ a cup of coffee.
3) The project is ________________ (在……掌管之下) an experienced engineer.
4) The man arrested by the police ________________ (被指控) stealing.
5) At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny —usually two or three cents was _________(要价，收费).
15. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
approach v. 接近; 靠近；着手处理； 接洽 n. 接近; 方法; 途径
【归纳】
1) approach sb. for / about sth. 要求某人(做)……
be approaching 快到了；正在接近
2) at the approach of 在快到……的时候
make an approach / approaches to
接近；逼近；交涉；对……进行探讨
approach to 接近，近似，约等于； (做某事)的方法(途径)
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) ______________ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
2) At the meeting they discussed three different approaches __________ the study of mathematics.
单词拼写
3) She also ___________(靠近) dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.
辨析：approach, way, means, method
都有“方式”、“方法”、“途径”之意
① 表达“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：
the approach to (doing) sth.
the way to do / of (doing) sth.
the means of (doing) sth.
the method of (doing) sth.
② 分别与不同的介词搭配：
with this method, in this way, by this means
【语法精讲】
过去分词作定语和宾补
一.过去分词作定语
1. 单个的过去分词作定语，置于被修饰词之前，称为前置定语.
Before the show, hundreds of excited visitors waited in their seats eagerly.
2. 过去分词短语作定语，置于被修饰词之后，相当于定语从句，称为后置定语.
Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately (＝which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊当场死亡。
【拓展】
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left (剩余的), given (所给的), concerned (有关的)等。
There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.剩余的老虎不多了，是相关部门采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。
(2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词，或是指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
Is there anything unsolved？还有什么没解决的吗？
3.意义：表示被动或完成。及物动词的过去分词作定语表被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成
broken plates
the polluted water
the spoken language
fallen leaves
the developed country
a retired teacher
the risen sun
4.用于修饰人的过去分词可以修饰与人有关的表情、面貌、举止行为以及感觉。
The boy looked up with a pleased expression.
His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam.
二、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
eg He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.
Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.
常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词，如watch, see, observe, look, hear, listen, find, notice等；使役动词如make, get, have, keep, leave等。
eg I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.
The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.
My mother has her hair cut every two months.
We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.
The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.
【辨析】现在分词、过去分词、不定式作宾语补足语有什么区别？
I saw him get off the bus. do 主动，全过程
I saw him lying on the road. doing 主动，进行
I saw him knocked down by a car. done 被动，完成
单句填空：
1)You will see this product__________(advertise) wherever you go.
2)From the date _________(mark) on the plates, we decided that they were made in the Song Dynasty.
3)The lab ______ (build) last year is more advanced than the former one.
答案 1advertised 2marked 3built
【课堂练习】
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese ____________(习俗) in the Spring Festival.
2. To ____________ (保证) that I can concentrate on my study, my father does whatever he can do for me.
3. As to your advertised ____________ (职位) , it ’s my pleasure to say that I am the just person you are searching for.
4. The town walls were built as a ____________(防御) against the enemy.
5. They often stay up late into the night, eating ____________(零食), which is bad for their health.
6. Our school is in a central ____________(位置) within easy reach of the bus station.
7. When the waste is thrown into rivers and ____________(海洋), pollution happens.
8. We can acquire wisdom from our ____________(祖先), which we can apply to our daily life.
9. He once worked as a ____________(主要的) editor in a newspaper office.
10. I want to speak to each member of the group ____________(单独地).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. With the college entrance examination ____________(approach), some students are getting more and more nervous.
2. Mike is eager ____________(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers of other subjects ____________ (be)patient with us.
4. I wonder how much you will charge me ____________ the six-week course.
5. ____________(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning of English, I still feel ________(puzzle) in some aspects.
7. It ____________(announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
8. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of ____________(achieve).
9. There ____________(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
10. I have enough evidence ____________ hard work pays off.
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