2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册期末复习之语法填空（人教版2019）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册期末复习之语法填空（人教版2019）（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 72.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-06-07 22:30:51 | ||
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期末复习之语法填空16篇
（22-23高一下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, which 1 (surround) by rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their 2 (interesting) in swimming in the waters near their home. Plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered (散落) on the beach. They got 3 (extreme) upset about that.
Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes, 4 had sparked (引发) movements of positive changes in the world. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, 5 (concern) about the large amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. Then 6 idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel. Isabel also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a 7 (fascinate) beach as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy.
They made a list 8 things they needed and reached out to the community for support. Melati and Isabel’s small idea attracted many volunteers to help clean up the beach, 9 (make) it start to become cleaner and more beautiful again. The sisters were overjoyed to see the impact they had made and continued to inspire others to take action against plastic pollution. They knew that even small actions like theirs could create significant positive change in 10 (they) community and the world.
（22-23高一下·四川成都·期末）语法填空
Without the usual smoggy days, local 11 (resident) have been happy with the air quality since the heating season started. They open the window to air their homes. On social media, pictures of blue skies and white clouds 12 (frequent) appear, 13 (show) people’s excitement about the clear days.
In Shanxi, 14 major coal production province, burning coarse coal (粗煤) for heating used to be a main source of air 15 (pollute). The government has been striving to change all this. It has launched a campaign to replace coarse coal 16 clean fuels for heating since 2017.
More than 38 percent of the heating companies in Shanxi had applied advanced equipment with higher efficiency and 17 (low) emission (排放) by the end of 2019, 18 (compare) with 25.5 percent at the end of 2017. It 19 (believe) that the number can reach 50 percent by the end of this year, 20 is the goal of the government.
（22-23高一下·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals are wonderful occasions 21 allow us to relax and enjoy life. Festivals 22 (celebrate) all round the world have a wide range of origins. No matter what they are, the spirit of sharing joy, 23 (grateful), love, or peace is common in all festivals.
The harvest festival can 24 (find) in almost every culture, which takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. In ancient Egypt, the festival was observed during the springtime, 25 (feature) a parade and a great feast. Today, people in some European countries get together to celebrate 26 a meal.
Customs also play 27 important role in festivals. But with the development of modern society 28 the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away while others may be established. What’s more the commercialization of festivals arouses people’s heated discussion. Some people are 29 (absolute) opposed to it while many believe the increase in spending is 30 (benefit) to the economy and public happiness.
（22-23高一下·浙江丽水·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A series of exhibitions, activities and forums helped promote Thursday’s International Chinese Language Day to a even 31 (broad) audience. 32 (mark) the 14th International Chinese Language Day, 33 falls on April 20, Cape Town in South Africa witnessed the opening of a special exhibition: The Way of Type—Modernization of Chinese Typography(活版印刷术). By showing the development 34 (start) from ceramic movable type(陶瓷活字), the exhibition gives visitors 35 overview of the general landscape of the modern development of Chinese characters.
This is just one of the celebrations held 36 (global) on Chinese Language Day. In the headquarters of UNESCO in Paris, the day was celebrated early on Tuesday with a singing performance in both Chinese and French by a performer 37 (dress)in qipao. The 2023 Chinese Language Day was celebrated under the theme of “Chinese Wisdom for a Green World” by the UN in the hope 38 contributing Chinese knowledge in green and sustainable development. This will also echo 39 (meeting)such as the Water Conference and the SDG Summit(峰会)that 40 (hold)by the UN throughout 2023.
（22-23高一下·浙江杭州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Taking a gap year between high school and college can be a great way to explore your interests, gain new experiences, 41 develop skills that will benefit you in the future. For me, my gap year was 42 unforgettable adventure that allowed me 43 (step) outside my comfort zone and see the world in new ways.
During my gap year, I traveled to several 44 (country)including Thailand, Japan, and Peru. I 45 (volunteer)at a wildlife preserve in Thailand, where I worked with elephants, monkeys, and other animals. In Japan, I taught English to elementary school children, and in Peru, I worked on a farming project with a local community.
These experiences were greatly rewarding and taught me valuable lessons about the world and myself. I learned how to communicate 46 (effective) with people from different cultures, how to adapt 47 new environments and situations, and how tobe more self-sufficient and resourceful.
In addition to my travels, I also spent time 48 (explore)my passions and hobbies. I took art classes, learned how to cook new dishes, and read extensively about topics 49 interested me. These activities helped me to develop my creativity, curiosity, and critical thinking skills. So far these skills 50 (be)invaluable in shaping my ideas and I’m looking forward to continuing to improve them throughout my life.
（22-23高一下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing Opera is a national treasure of China. It dates back to the late 18th century. At that time, four Huiban Opera Troups (徽班) entered the capital 51 (celebrate) Qianlong's birthday. Although it is called Beijing Opera, 52 (it) origins are not in Beijing but in Anhui and Hubei .
There are four main roles: sheng, dan, jing, chou. Sheng is the male roles, dan is the female roles, chou is clown roles and jing is roles 53 brightly-painted face masks. The different colors of the faces represent different characters and each role has its 54 (fix) singing and acting styles. So Beijing Opera is a 55 (combine) of acting, talking, singing, dancing, and music.
Meilanfang is a famous Chinese name in the world of Beijing Opera. Since he visited Japan in 1919, Peking Opera 56 (become) more and more popular with people around the world. The painted face impresses people most! Many find it 57 (fascinate)!
But the music is very loud and the performers usually sing in 58 extremely loud style. That is because in the early days, Beijing Opera 59 (perform) mostly on open-air stages in streets, tea-houses or courtyard, 60 they played loudly so that the crowds can hear clearer.
（22-23高一下·河南焦作·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are some traditions and customs during the leap month(闰月) in China, which 61 (be)different in different places.
In some parts of Central China’s Henan Province, daughters will prepare wild goose-shaped cakes for their
parents before the leap month comes, wishing for good luck. There is an old story 62 (surround)the tradition.
Long ago, there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan Province, 63 was very kind to her parents. In a year which had a leap month, the married girl thought of her parents. They never had enough food 64 (support) their lives and might suffer from hunger due 65 the repetitive month. So, she collected some food and headed toward her 66 (parents) home.
On the mountainous road, she fell asleep by accident and when she woke up, the food was eaten up by birds. Seeing this and thinking of her parents, she cried and 67 (final) fell asleep again.
Some time later, she heard some weak sounds and woke up again. Seeing a couple of wild geese were staying in her bag and not willing to leave, she 68 (bring)them along and went on her way. When she arrived, she found the village was suffering from hunger and disease, and that her parents were on the edge of immediate 69 (die).
She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents, and they recovered soon. She then gave 70 rest to the neighbors and the disease amazingly disappeared the next day.
（22-23高一下·河南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is 71 yearly winter event in Harbin, Northeast China’s Heilongjiang Province. It features large ice and snow sculptures (雕塑) that are made 72 (complete) of ice and snow, and many other recreational facilities (娱乐设施).
It is said that the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is considered as the 73 (large) ice and snow festival in the world. The festival 74 (hold) last December lasted about two months. Harbin Ice and Snow World 75 (receive) over 180, 000 visitors during the weeklong Spring Festival holiday, welcoming 45,000 visitors on its peak (高峰) day.
Harbin Ice and Snow World is a seasonal theme park. Every winter, building workers use special tools 76 (cut) ice into blocks from the icy surface of the nearby Songhua River, The sculptures require about 200,000 cubic meters of ice.
Then the experts 77 come from China and overseas have just 15 days to turn the ice 78 sculptures. Tens of thousands of them work together around the clock. When it gets dark, the colored lights turn on, 79 (make) the Ice and Snow World look like a fairytale world. Apart from the ice sculptures, fun activities also attract 80 (tourist) to the festival.
（21-22高一下·福建·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mi Fu, also known as Mi Fei, was a Chinese painter, poet, and calligrapher born in Taiyuan, Shanxi during the Song dynasty. In painting he gained 81 (recognize) for his style of painting misty landscapes. This style was considered as the “Mi Fu” style and involved the use of large wet dots of ink 82 (apply) with a flat brush. His poetry followed the style of Li Bai and his calligraphy that of Wang Xizhi.
He is best known for his calligraphy, 83 he is regarded as one of the four 84 (great) calligraphers in the Song dynasty. His style arises from that of calligraphers in earlier dynasties, but with a unique mark 85 his own.
As 86 famous calligrapher, Mi Fu was also noted as an eccentric (怪人). At times he 87 (call) “Madman Mi” because he was 88 (true) crazy about collecting stones. He even declared one stone to be his brother. He would bow to his “brother” rock 89 (show) the devotion given to older brothers. His son, Mi Youren, was also a famous painter in his father’s artistic style. Unlike his father, Mi Youren lived to be quite elderly, 90 (die) at the age of 79.
（21-22高一下·江苏南京·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Of all the foods I have ever tried, the mooncake is my favourite. There are many 91 (version) of mooncakes from different places around China. They have 92 variety of fillings, among 93 I love the sweet red bean filling best. I remember 94 (try) my first mooncake with my family when I was very little. We sat outside in my grandparents’ yard while the full moon 95 (shine) above us. It was a very special moment. My elderly grandmother still 96 (bake) mooncakes for the whole family every year. She can make the flour and red beans into wonderful mooncakes 97 magic. When she places them on the table, they look 98 (adore)-small, round and shiny golden-brown. The delicious smell soon reaches my nose and my mouth starts to water. When I pick up a mooncake, it feels warm and heavy in my hand. As I take each bite, the sweet and mild flavour of the red bean filling 99 (slow) fills my mouth. The mooncake is always my favourite because of its 100 (satisfy) taste that is out of this world and the happy memories it brings to mind.
（21-22高一下·江苏镇江·期末）阅读以下短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Travels of Xu Xiake is a travel note 101 (create) by Xu Xiake, 102 geographer in the Ming Dynasty. After 34 years of travel, Xu Xiake left more than 600,000 Chinese words of travel notes. After his death,
the materials were collected into Xu Xiake’s Travels by others.
This book is the first work to systematically investigate China’s geomorphology (水文地质学) and geology (地理学). In addition, the beautiful words also make it a masterpiece of literature, 103 is of great value in geography and literature.
The fresh and beautiful writing style used to describe things in The Travels of Xu Xiake 104 (make) readers love it. The 105 (describe) of the scenery is not only close to reality, but also very accurate. Modern science and technology has also confirmed the accuracy of Xu Xiake’s records of geological landform and rock landscape.
The historical value of The Travels of Xu Xiake covers a wide range 106 levels. Apart from the observation of mountain landform, he also has 107 (detail) records on hydrological (水文学) distribution, river source exploration and the experience of the relationship between landscape and climate.
From these rich 108 (content), this travel note can leave a name in history. It is considered to be a work 109 (cover) literature and Science in the late Ming Dynasty.
The day of the first chapter of The Travels of Xu Xiake (May 19) is 110 (official) named as China’s Tourism Day.
（21-22高一下·广东·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
29 outstanding Party members were conferred the July 1 Medal, one of 111 was Zhang Guimei. She founded a high school, 112 (offer) free education to girls in a lessdeveloped area of Yunnan Province.
Zhang’s efforts helped nearly 2,000 girls go to college. She visited poor 113 (family) and persuaded them not to let their children drop out of school. This shows 114 educators should work with a greater sense of responsibility.
Another important lesson from Zhang’s story is that we should take a longterm view of rural education. Zhang has been working 115 (improve) education in rural areas because of her high degree of 116 (commit) and making the education of talents as her goal. 117 is because of the very goal that Zhang could overcome difficulties, and help the poor throw off 118 wrong idea that “education is useless”. It also reminds us that more efforts should 119 (make) to develop education in rural areas, and we should focus 120 longterm goals and interests.
（21-22高一下·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Before the mid-2th century, 121 (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were 122 (determine) to help humans realise their dream to explore space. The USSR focused 123 sending people into space after 4 October, 1957. Though the terrible disasters made people sad and 124 (disappoint), people never gave up 125 (explore) space exploration. This is 126 they believe in the importance of space exploration. China has become the third country in the world to 127 (independent) send humans into space in 2003. Europe, the US and China all have plans to 128 (far) study and explore planets. Despite the 129 (difficulty), scientists hope futher discoveries will enable us 130 (understand) how the universe began and help us survive well into the future.
（21-22高一下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Christopher Edward Nolan is a British-American film director, producer and screenwriter known 131 making personal, distinctive films within the Hollywood mainstream.
132 (raise) in London, Nolan developed an interest in filmmaking from a young age. He studied English literature at University College London, gained his screenwriting skills, 133 made his first film Following. It was his 134 (two) work, Memento, a low-cost suspense film made in 2000 with his brother Jonathan Nolan, 135 helped him gain international recognition. He then changed his career direction from making independent films, for 136 he was nominated(提名)for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, to cooperating with professional studios. Masterpieces like Dark Knight Trilogy (2005), Inception (2010), Interstellar (2014) and Tenet (2020), enjoying great 137 (popular) around the globe, 138 (receive) more than 10 Oscar nominations in the past 20 years.
Typically, Nolan’s films 139 (root) in profound themes, exploring human morality, the construction of time, and personal identity.
Time named him one of the 100 most 140 (influence) people in the world in 2015, and in 2019, he was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his services to film.
（21-22高一下·湖南张家界·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In late August, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, one of the most destructive 141 (hurricane) in American history, hit the south-eastern parts of the country. It began 142 August 23, and caused only slight damage in the beginning. But it soon grew to be a Category 5 hurricane over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, 143 (cause) severe damage along its path.
New Orleans, a city 144 was built largely below sea level, was worst hit. In reaction to the coming
hurricane, the city government gave 145 order to clear the city of all residents. 146 , many stayed in the city. Some of them chose 147 (stay) because they believed that the city’s defense system would keep 148 (they) safe and sound, but others were unable to leave because they had no access to transport. The defense system finally failed. As a result, 80%of the city flooded for weeks. People were stuck in the city without power, food, or drinking water, 149 (anxious)waiting for rescue.
A week later, the hurricane died away. In all, Hurricane Katrin a caused nearly 2,000 deaths, and 150 (leave) millions of people homeless.
（21-22高一下·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lin Qiaozhi, 151 (know) as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime and made great 152 (contribute) to the birth of children in China.
When young, she didn’t follow the traditional path like most girls and made up her mind to study medicine 153 her brother’s complaint for the high tuition fees. After graduating from Peking Union Medical College 154 the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates, she became the first woman ever 155 (hire) as resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. After a few years, she went to Europe and America for further education. During her stay there, 156 she impressed her colleges and was given an offer to stay in America, she rejected without any hesitation and went to China to serve the women and children. As a doctor, not only was she appointed the first woman director of the OB-GYN department of PUMC Hospital, but she also opened 157 private clinic to cure all the people in need of help.
After the People’s Republic 158 (found), Lin Qiaozhi became busier and played an 159 (increase) important role as she held many important positions. However, she was more keen on tending patients, 160 (publish) medical research on care for women and children and training new doctors. She didn’t retire until the days he died.
参考答案：
1．is surrounded
2．interest 3．extremely 4．who 5．concerned 6．an 7．fascinating 8．of 9．making 10．their
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔带领社区拯救被垃圾污染的海滩的故事。
1．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔深深地爱着他们在岛上的家，这里被雨林、绿色的田野和广阔的海洋所包围。surround(围绕)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(指代先行词island)之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单词形式。故填is surrounded。
2．考查名词。句意：但当梅拉蒂15岁、伊莎贝尔10岁时，姐妹俩开始对在家附近的水域游泳失去了兴趣。提示词作宾语，用名词interest，意为“兴趣”，不可数名词；lose interest in“对……失去兴趣”。故填interest。
3．考查副词。句意：他们对此非常不安。提示词修饰动词got，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极度，非常”。故填extremely。
4．考查定语从句。句意：梅拉蒂并没有想太多，直到有一天，她的老师给她上了一堂关于一些世界英雄的课，这些英雄在世界上引发了积极的变化。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
5．考查形容词。句意：放学后，梅拉蒂默默地慢慢走回家，担心着海滩上大量的塑料垃圾。根据句意，“(concern) about the large amount of plastic rubbish on the beach.”在句中作伴随状语，用形容词concerned构成形容词短语作状语，意为“担心的；忧虑的”，解释说明主语Melati。故填concerned。
6．考查冠词。句意：这时，一个念头使她灵光一现。可数名词idea在句中表示“一个念头”，泛指，idea发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
7．考查形容词。句意：两个人想象着像以前一样迷人的海滩，高兴地跳了起来。提示词作定语修饰名词beach，用形容词fascinating，意为“迷人的”。故填fascinating。
8．考查介词。句意：他们列出了他们需要的东西，并向社区寻求支持。make a list of...是固
定短语，意为“列出……”。故填of。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔的小想法吸引了许多志愿者来帮助清理海滩，使它开始变得更干净，更美丽。“(make) it start to become cleaner and more beautiful again”作结果状语，表示“情理之中的结果”，动词make是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语small idea之间是主动关系，用现在分词making表主动。故填making。
10．考查代词。句意：他们知道，即使是像他们这样的小行动也能给他们的社区和世界带来重大的积极变化。提示词修饰名词community，用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
11．residents 12．frequently 13．showing 14．a 15．pollution 16．with 17．lower 18．compared 19．is believed 20．which
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，通过政府的努力，自从供暖季节开始以来，山西没有了通常的雾霾天气，空气质量变好。
11．考查名词复数。句意：自从供暖季节开始以来，没有了通常的雾霾天气，当地居民对空气质量感到满意。结合助动词have，用可数名词resident的复数形式作主语。故填residents。
12．考查副词。句意：在社交媒体上，蓝天白云的照片频繁出现，显示了人们对晴朗天气的兴奋。副词frequently作状语，修饰动词appear。故填frequently。
13．考查现在分词。句意：在社交媒体上，蓝天白云的照片频繁出现，显示了人们对晴朗天气的兴奋。分析句子结构可知，show是非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句产生的意料之中、自然而然的结果，show用现在分词作结果状语。故填showing。
14．考查不定冠词。句意：在煤炭生产大省山西，燃烧粗煤取暖曾经是空气污染的主要来源。泛指“一个主要煤炭生产大省”，major以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
15．考查名词。句意：在煤炭生产大省山西，燃烧粗煤取暖曾经是空气污染的主要来源。a main source of air 5 (pollute)名词所有格结构，用名词pollution，air pollution (空气污染)。故填pollution。
16．考查固定搭配。句意：自2017年以来，它发起了一场用清洁燃料替代粗煤供暖的运动。固定搭配replace…with…(用……取代……)。故填with。
17．考查形容词比较级。句意：截至2019年底，山西超过38%的供热企业采用了效率更高、
排放更低的先进设备，而2017年底这一比例为25.5%。结合higher efficiency，有比较含义，用形容词比较级lower (更低的)作定语，修饰名词emission。故填lower。
18．考查过去分词。句意：截至2019年底，山西超过38%的供热企业采用了效率更高、排放更低的先进设备，而2017年底这一比例为25.5%。该空为非谓语动词作状语，固定搭配be compared with (与……相比)，用过去分词compared。故填compared。
19．考查固定句型。句意：据信，到今年年底，这个数字可以达到50%，这是政府的目标。讲述现在的一种情况，时态用一般现在时，固定句型It is believed that…(据信)。故填is believed。
20．考查定语从句关系词。句意：据信，到今年年底，这个数字可以达到50%，这是政府的目标。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是50 percent，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
21．that/which 22．are celebrated 23．gratitude 24．be found 25．featuring 26．over 27．an 28．and 29．absolutely 30．beneficial
【导语】这是一篇说明文。节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。文章主要介绍了节日的起源以及丰收节相关的知识。
21．考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导定语从句，故填that/which。
22．考查过去分词。句意：世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。该句子的谓语动词是have，所给动词celebrate只能用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词festivals，festivals和动词celebrate是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填celebrated。
23．考查名词。句意：无论是什么，分享喜悦、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都是普遍存在的。此处应用名词gratitude作宾语，为不可数名词，故填gratitude。
24．考查语态。句意：丰收节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到，这种文化发生在所有庄稼收获之后。the harvest festival和动词find是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，由情态动词can可知，此处应用be found，故填be found。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：在古埃及，人们在春天庆祝这个节日，以游行和盛大的宴会为特色。句中有为was observed，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the festival和动词feature是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填featuring。
26．考查介词。句意： 今天，一些欧洲国家的人们聚在一起吃饭庆祝。此处表示“通过吃饭来庆祝”，应用介词over，表示“利用；通过”，故填over。
27．考查冠词。句意：习俗在节日中也扮演着重要的角色。play a(n)...role固定搭配，意为“扮演……的角色”，important发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。
28．考查连词。句意：但是随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，而另一些可能会建立。“随着现代社会的发展”和“新思想的传播”是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。
29．考查副词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。形容词opposed应用副词absolutely来修饰，作状语，故填absolutely。
30．考查形容词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。此处应用形容词beneficial作表语，be beneficial to固定搭配，意为“对……有好处”，故填beneficial。
31．broader 32．To mark 33．which 34．starting 35．an 36．globally 37．dressed 38．of 39．meetings 40．will be held
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为纪念第14个国际汉语日，南非开普敦举办了一场特别展览：字道——汉字设计的现代之路艺术展，吸引了广泛的观众参加。
31．考查比较级。句意：一系列的展览、活动和论坛将周四的国际汉语日推向了更广泛的受众。even在句子中表示“更”，用在比较级前加强语气，broader意为“更广泛的”，作定语修饰audience，故填broader。
32．考查动词不定式。句意：为纪念4月20日的第14个国际汉语日，南非开普敦举办了一场特别展览：字道——汉字设计的现代之路艺术展。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，且空格位于句首，故填To mark。
33．考查定语从句。句意：为纪念4月20日的第14个国际汉语日，南非开普敦举办了一场特别展览：字道——汉字设计的现代之路艺术展。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，the 14th International Chinese Language Day（第14个国际汉语日）是先行词，它在从句中作主语，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句，故填which。
34．考查现在分词。句意：展览展示了从陶瓷活字开始的发展历程，让参观者大致了解了汉字现代发展的全貌。分析句子结构可知，start在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，development
发出start的动作，二者之间为主动关系，因此使用start的现在分词作定语，故填starting。
35．考查冠词。句意：展览展示了从陶瓷活字开始的发展历程，让参观者大致了解了汉字现代发展的全貌。overview为可数名词，在句子中为泛指意义，且是以元音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词an，故填an。
36．考查副词。句意：这只是全球在汉语日举行的庆祝活动之一。使用副词作状语修饰过去分词held，global的副词是globally，故填globally。
37．考查过去分词。句意：周二早些时候，在巴黎联合国教科文组织总部，一名身着奇装异服的表演者用中文和法语演唱了这一天。分析句子结构可知，dress 在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，performer 承受dress的动作，因此使用dress的过去分词作定语，故填dressed。
38．考查固定短语。句意：联合国以“中国智慧建设绿色世界”为主题，庆祝了2023年中国语文日，希望为绿色可持续发展贡献中国知识。in the hope of：带着……的希望，故填of。
39．考查名词的数。句意：这也将与联合国将在2023年全年举行的水大会和可持续发展目标峰会等会议相呼应。meeting是可数名词，在句子中为泛指意义，需要变复数，故填meetings。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：这也将与联合国将在2023年全年举行的水大会和可持续发展目标峰会等会议相呼应。根据句中的“will echo”可知，hold使用一般将来时，并且the Water Conference and the SDG Summit承受hold的动作，因此从句的谓语动词使用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be held。
41．and 42．an 43．to step 44．countries 45．volunteered 46．effectively 47．to 48．exploring 49．which/that 50．have been
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在间隔年的经历和感受。
41．考查连词。句意：在高中和大学之间的间隔年是一个探索你的兴趣、获得新经验和发展对你未来有益的技能的好方法。句中explore your interests、gain new experiences和develop skills为并列成分，所以用连词and连接。故填and。
42．考查冠词。句意：对我来说，间隔年是一次难忘的冒险，它让我走出了自己的舒适区，以新的方式看待世界。名词adventure作为“冒险经历”，为可数名词，泛指，且形容词unforgettable发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，间隔年是一次难忘的冒险，它让我走出了自己的舒适区，以新的方式看待世界。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。故填to step。
44．考查名词的数。句意：在我的间隔年里，我去了几个国家，包括泰国、日本和秘鲁。形容词several后接可数名词的复数形式。故填countries。
45．考查时态。句意：我在泰国的一个野生动物保护区做志愿者，在那里我和大象、猴子和其他动物一起工作。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填volunteered。
46．考查副词。句意：我学会了如何与来自不同文化背景的人有效沟通，如何适应新的环境和情况，以及如何更加自给自足和足智多谋。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填effectively。
47．考查介词。句意：我学会了如何与来自不同文化背景的人有效沟通，如何适应新的环境和情况，以及如何更加自给自足和足智多谋。adapt to适应。故填to。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了我的旅行，我也花时间探索我的激情和爱好。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填exploring。
49．考查定语从句。句意：我参加了艺术课，学习了如何烹饪新菜，并广泛阅读了我感兴趣的话题。句中先行词为topics，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
50．考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这些技能在塑造我的想法方面一直是无价的，我期待着在我的一生中继续改进它们。根据时间状语so far可知，用现在完成时。主语these skills为复数形式，所以谓语动词用have。故填have been。
51．to celebrate 52．its 53．with 54．fixed 55．combination 56．has become 57．fascinating 58．an 59．was performed 60．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的起源历史以及表演特色。
51．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，四个徽班剧团进京，为乾隆庆生。分析句子结构可知celebrate在句中作目的状语表示“给乾隆庆生”，应用不定式。故填to celebrate。
52．考查代词。句意：虽然它被称为京剧，但它的起源不是在北京，而是在安徽和湖北。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
53．考查介词。句意：“生”是男性角色，“旦”是女性角色，“丑”是小丑角色，“净”是戴着鲜艳面具的角色。后跟名词作宾语，表示“戴着”应用介词with。故填with。
54．考查形容词。句意：不同颜色的脸代表不同的性格，每个角色都有自己固定的歌唱和表演风格。修饰singing and acting styles应用形容词fixed，作定语。故填fixed。
55．考查名词。句意：所以京剧是集表演、说话、唱歌、跳舞和音乐于一体的。作表语，结
合不定冠词可知应用单数名词combination。故填combination。
56．考查时态。句意：自从他1919年访问日本以来，京剧越来越受到世界各地人们的欢迎。根据上文Since he visited Japan in 1919可知为现在完成时，主语为Peking Opera，助动词用has。故填has become。
57．考查形容词。句意：许多人觉得它很迷人！此处为find+宾语+宾补结构，it指代The painted face，修饰物应用fascinating作宾补。故填fascinating。
58．考查冠词。句意：但是音乐非常响亮，表演者通常以非常响亮的风格唱歌。style为可数名词，此处为泛指且extremely是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
59．考查时态语态。句意：这是因为在早期，京剧大多是在街道、茶馆或庭院的露天舞台上表演的，他们在那里大声演奏，以便人群听得更清楚。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文in the early days可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Beijing Opera，谓语用单数。故填was performed。
60．考查定语从句。句意：这是因为在早期，京剧大多是在街道、茶馆或庭院的露天舞台上表演的，他们在那里大声演奏，以便人群听得更清楚。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词open-air stages，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
61．are 62．surrounding 63．who 64．to support 65．to 66．parents’ 67．finally 68．brought 69．death 70．the
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国各地区关于闰月的习俗和传说。
61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在中国，闰月期间有一些传统和习俗，这些传统和习俗在不同的地方有所不同。动词be在句中作谓语，本句叙述事实，应使用一般现在时，关系代词which指代先行词traditions and customs做主语，所以从句谓语应使用复数形式。故填are。
62．考查现在分词。句意：关于这个传统有一个古老的故事。空格处应该用给动词surround的非谓语形式作后置定语，与所修饰名词为主动关系，应填其现在分词形式。故填surrounding。
63．考查定语从句。句意：很久以前，在河南嵩山南麓住着一个女孩，她对父母很好。该空需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词girl在从句中作主语，所以应填who。故填who。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们从来没有足够的食物来维持他们的生活，并且可能因为重
复的月份而遭受饥饿。根据句意和句中的动词have可知，此处应该用不定式to support作后置定语（have something to do）。故填to support。
65．考查介词。句意：他们从来没有足够的食物来维持他们的生活，并且可能因为重复的月份而遭受饥饿。固定短语due to意为“由于，因为”符合语境。故填to。
66．考查名词所有格。句意：于是，她收集了一些食物，朝父母家走去。该空所给名词parents作定语修饰限定名词home，与所修饰名词为所属关系，应使用其所有格形式。故填parents’。
67．考查副词。句意：看到这些，想到她的父母，她哭了，最后又睡着了。该空需要一个副词修饰动词短语fell asleep，所给词final为形容词。故填finally。
68．考查时态。句意：看到几只大雁在她的袋子里，不愿意离开，她就把它们带上走了。动词bring在句中作谓语，根据上下文可知，在讲传说故事，应使用一般过去时。故填brought。
69．考查名词。句意：当她到达时，她发现村子里正遭受着饥饿和疾病的折磨，她的父母正处于立即死亡的边缘。该空需要一个名词作介词of的宾语，所给词die为动词，其名词拼写为death。故填death。
70．考查冠词。句意：然后，她把剩下的钱给了邻居，第二天，疾病神奇地消失了。固定表达the rest of...意为“...的剩余部分”，此处特指那些她带来的大雁除去她父母已经吃掉的剩余部分，应填定冠词the。故填the。
71．a 72．completely 73．largest 74．held 75．received 76．to cut 77．who/that 78．into 79．making 80．tourists
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哈尔滨国际冰雪节的相关情况。
71．考查冠词。句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节是中国东北黑龙江省哈尔滨市一年一度的冬季活动。此处指哈尔滨国际冰雪节是每年冬季都会举办的一个盛会，此处event应用不定冠词表泛指“一个”，且yearly的第一个音素是辅音。故填a。
72．考查副词。句意：它的特色是完全由冰雪制成的大型冰雕和雪雕，以及许多其他娱乐设施。此处修饰are made of，应用副词completely，作状语。故填completely。
73．考查形容词最高级。句意：据说，哈尔滨国际冰雪节被认为是世界上最大的冰雪节。根据空格前的定冠词the以及句意可知，此处表示哈尔滨国际冰雪节被认为是世界上最大的冰
雪节日，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
74．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年12月举行的节日持续了大约两个月。本句已有谓语动词lasted，且hold与其逻辑主语festival之间为被动关系，应用其过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词festival。故填held。
75．考查动词的时态。句意：在为期一周的春节假期期间，哈尔滨冰雪大世界接待了超过18万名游客，最繁忙的一天接待了4.5万名游客。根据后文on its peak day描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填received。
76．考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨冰雪大世界是一个季节性的主题公园。每年冬天，建筑工人都会用特殊的工具从附近松花江的冰面上把冰切成块，这些雕塑需要大约20万立方米的冰。此处考查固定搭配use sth. to do sth.意为“用……做……”。故填to cut。
77．考查定语从句。句意：然后，来自中国和海外的专家只有15天的时间把冰变成雕塑。定语从句修饰先行词experts，指人且在定语从句中作主语，引导词应用who或that。故填who/that。
78．考查介词。句意：然后，来自中国和海外的专家只有15天的时间把冰变成雕塑。此处为固定搭配turn…into，意为“把……变成……”。故填into。
79．考查非谓语动词。句意：当夜幕降临时，彩灯就会亮起，使冰雪大世界看起来像一个童话世界。分析句子结构可知，主句已有谓语动词turn on，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
80．考查名词的数。句意：除了冰雕之外，有趣的活动也吸引了游客。tourist为可数名词，前面没有限定词，此处应用其复数形式。故填tourists。
81．recognition 82．applied 83．and 84．greatest 85．of 86．a 87．was called 88．truly 89．to show 90．dying
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是宋代书法家米芾以及他的作画风格和性格特点。
81．考查名词。句意：在绘画方面，他的朦胧风景画风格得到了认可。空格处用名词作宾语，recognize的名词是recognition，意为“认可”，是不可数名词，故填recognition。
82．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种风格被认为是“米芾”风格，涉及使用大的湿点墨水，用一个扁平的刷子。句中谓语是was considered as the “Mi Fu” style and involved，空格处用非谓语动词，ink和apply之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动作定语，故填applied。
83．考查连词。句意：他最出名的是他的书法，他被认为是宋代四大书法家之一。“He is best known for his calligraphy”和“he is regarded as...”之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。
84．考查最高级。句意：他最出名的是他的书法，他被认为是宋代四大书法家之一。空前有the，空格处用最高级greatest，故填greatest。
85．考查介词。句意：他的风格源于早期的书法家，但有自己独特的标志。of one’s own是固定用法，意为“某人自己的”，因此空格处是介词of，故填of。
86．考查冠词。句意：作为一个著名的书法家，米芾也被认为是一个怪人。calligrapher是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，famous是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
87．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：有时他被称为“疯子米”，因为他对收集石头真的很疯狂。他被称为“疯子米”，且句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是单数，因此空格处是was called，故填was called。
88．考查副词。句意：有时他被称为“疯子米”，因为他对收集石头真的很疯狂。空格处用副词修饰形容词crazy，true的副词是truly，意为“真正地”，故填truly。
89．考查不定式。句意：他会向他的“兄弟”岩石鞠躬，以表示对哥哥的忠诚。根据语境可知，句子表示“他会向他的“兄弟”岩石鞠躬，以表示对哥哥的忠诚”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填to show。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：与他的父亲不同，米友仁活得很老，享年79岁。句中谓语是lived，空格处用非谓语动词，Mi Youren和die之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动作状语，故填dying。
91．versions 92．a 93．which 94．trying 95．was shining 96．bakes 97．like 98．adorable 99．slowly 100．satisfying
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对月饼的喜爱。
91．考查名词。句意：中国的月饼有很多不同的地方版本。前面有many修饰，空处应用名词复数形式。故填versions。
92．考查冠词。句意：它们有各种各样的馅料，其中我最喜欢的是甜红豆馅料。a variety of“各种各样的”为固定短语。故填a。
93．考查定语从句。句意：它们有各种各样的馅料，其中我最喜欢的是甜红豆馅料。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为fillings，为物，作介词among的宾语指代物应用关系代词which。故填which。
94．考查非谓语。句意：我记得我很小的时候和家人一起尝试我的第一个月饼。remember doing“记得做过某事”为固定短语，故填try的动名词形式。故填trying。
95．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们坐在祖父母的院子里，满月在我们的头顶上空闪耀。分析句子可知，描述过去正在进行的动作，空处应用过去进行时态，主语the full moon为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was shining。
96．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我年迈的祖母仍然每年为全家人烤月饼。根据every year可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语grandmother为单数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填bakes。
97．考查介词。句意：她就像变魔术一般，能将面粉和红豆变成美味的月饼。分析句子可知，空处应填介词like“像”，like magic“像魔术一样”。故填like。
98．考查形容词。句意：当她把它们放在桌子上时，它们看起来很可爱——又小又圆，闪闪发光的金棕色。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词adorable“可爱的”在句中作表语。故填adorable。
99．考查副词。句意：当我咬下每一口，红豆馅那香甜而又温和的味道便逐渐充盈口中。空处应用副词修饰动词fills。故填slowly。
100．考查形容词。句意：月饼一直是我的最爱，因为它那令人满足的绝妙滋味，以及它所带来的美好回忆。空处应用形容词satisfying“令人满意的”修饰名词taste。故填satisfying。
101．created 102．a 103．which 104．makes 105．description 106．of 107．detailed 108．contents 109．covering 110．officially
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了明代地理学家徐霞客创作的《徐霞客游记》。
101．考查非谓语动词。句意：《徐霞客游记》是明代地理学家徐霞客创作的游记。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词a travel note与create是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填created。
102．考查冠词。句意：《徐霞客游记》是明代地理学家徐霞客创作的游记。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。此处介绍徐霞客的身份，表示“一个”，故用不定冠词。geographer的读
音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。名词短语a geographer in the Ming Dynasty作Xu Xiake的同位语。故填a。
103．考查定语从句。句意：此外，优美的文字也使它成为文学的杰作，在地理和文学上都具有重要的价值。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句。先行词为masterpiece，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
104．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：《徐霞客游记》中描写事物的清新优美的文笔让读者爱不释手。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时态。主语The fresh and beautiful writing style表示单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
105．考查名词。句意：对景物的描写不仅贴近现实，而且十分准确。根据空格前的The可知，此处应填名词作主语，describe的名词形式description符合题意，意为“描述”。故填description。
106．考查介词。句意：《徐霞客游记》的历史价值涉及多个层面。此处为固定搭配a wide range of，意为“各种各样的”。故填of。
107．考查形容词。句意：除了对山地地貌的观察，他还对水文分布、河源勘探以及景观与气候关系的经历有详细的记录。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词records。detail的形容词形式detailed符合题意，意为“详细的”。故填detailed。
108．考查名词的数。句意：从这些丰富的内容来看，这篇游记可以青史留名。根据空格前的these可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填contents。
109．考查非谓语动词。句意：它被认为是一部涵盖晚明文学和科学的著作。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。a work与cover是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填covering。
110．考查副词。句意：《徐霞客游记》第一章的第一天（5月19日）被正式命名为中国旅游日。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语修饰is named，故用officially，意为“正式地”。故填officially。
111．whom 112．offering 113．families 114．how/that 115．to improve 116．commitment 117．It 118．the 119．be made 120．on/upon
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了张桂梅对女孩获得平等教育所付出的努力。
111．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：29名优秀党员被授予“七一奖章”，张桂梅就是其中之一。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在从句中作介词of的宾语，先行词为Party members，应用whom。故填whom。
112．考查非谓语动词。句意：她创办了一所高中，为云南省欠发达地区的女孩提供免费教育。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的现在分词的形式作状语。故填offering。
113．考查名词。句意：她走访贫困家庭，说服他们不要让孩子辍学。设空处应用名词的形式作宾语，空前无限定词修饰表泛指多个家庭，应用复数的形式。故填families。
114．考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：这表明教育工作者应该如何以更大的责任感工作/这表明教育工作者应该以更大的责任感工作。设空处引导宾语从句，从句的句意完整，不缺成份，可用that；从句中缺少方式状语，应该用how。故填how/that。
115．考查非谓语动词。句意：张一直致力于改善农村地区的教育，因为她高度的承诺，并把人才教育作为她的目标。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式。故填to improve。
116．考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用名词的形式作介词宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填commitment。
117．考查代词。句意：正是因为这个目标，张才能克服困难，帮助穷人摆脱“教育无用”的错误观念。分析句子的结构可知，此句为强调句，结构为：It is+强调成份+that+其他。故填It。
118．考查冠词。句意见上题解析。设空处应为冠词，根据定语从句“that “education is useless”(教育是无用的)”可知此处表示特指，应用the。故填the。
119．考查谓语动词。句意：这也提醒我们，应该更加努力地发展农村教育，我们应该关注长远的目标和利益。设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，空前为should，设空处为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be made。
120．考查介词。句意见上题解析。focus on/upon“专注于”。故填on/upon。
121．travelling 122．determined 123．on 124．disappointed 125．exploring 126．because 127．independently 128．further
129．difficulties 130．to understand
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们为了实现人类探索太空的梦想所做出的努力。
121．考查非谓语动词。句意：在22世纪中叶以前，到太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作主语，表示“太空旅行”的一般性行为，故应用动名词形式。故填travelling。
122．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。固定短语be determined to do sth表示“决心做某事”，符合句意，故应用过去分词形式。故填determined。
123．考查介词。句意：1957年10月4日之后，苏联专注于把人送到太空上。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接动名词短语“sending people into space”；动词短语focus on表示“专注于……”，符合句意。故填on。
124．考查形容词。句意：尽管可怕的灾难使人们感到悲伤和失望，但人们从未放弃太空探索。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，与形容词“sad”并列作宾语补足语；disappointed形容词，表示“感到失望的”，符合句意。故填disappointed。
125．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管可怕的灾难使人们感到悲伤和失望，但人们从未放弃太空探索。根据谓语动词“gave up”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语give up doing sth表示“放弃做某事”，符合句意，故应用动名词形式作宾语。故填exploring。
126．考查连接副词。句意：这是因为他们相信太空探索的重要性。分析句子和句意可知，空处引导表语从句，表示“因为”，故应用连接副词because。故填because。
127．考查副词。句意：2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，作状语修饰动词“send”，表示“独立地”。故填independently。
128．考查副词。句意：欧洲、美国和中国都有计划进一步研究和探索行星。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，作状语修饰动词“study and explore”；further可作副词，表示“更进一步”，符合句意。故填further。
129．考查名词复数。句意：尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望进一步的发现会使我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，并帮助我们在未来更好地生存。根据定冠词“the”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；difficulty名词，表示“困难的事情”，为可数名词，由句意，应用复数形式，表示“困难重重”。故填difficulties。
130．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望进一步的发现会使我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，并帮助我们在未来更好地生存。根据句中谓语“will enable”可知，空处
应为非谓语动词形式；动词短语enable sb to do sth表示“使某人能够做某事”，符合句意，故应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to understand。
131．for 132．raised 133．and 134．second 135．that
136．which 137．popularity 138．received 139．are rooted 140．influential
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影导演克里斯托弗·爱德华·诺兰的学习经历和代表作及获得的荣誉。
131．考查介词。句意：克里斯托弗·爱德华·诺兰是一位英裔美国电影导演、制片人和编剧，因为在好莱坞主流中制作个人的、独特的电影而闻名。分析句意再根据known可知，此处用介词for与known搭配表示“因为……而闻名”故填for。
132．考查非谓语动词。句意：诺兰在伦敦长大，从小就对电影制作产生了兴趣。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为raise和主语之间是被动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的过去分词作状语。故填raised。
133．考查连词。句意：他在伦敦大学学院学习英国文学，获得了编剧技巧，并制作了他的第一部电影《跟随》。分析句意可知，gained和made是两个并列动作，所以用连词and来连接。故填and。
134．考查序数词。句意：他的第二部作品《记忆碎片》帮助他获得了国际认可，这是他与兄弟乔纳森·诺兰(Jonathan Nolan)于2000年制作的低成本悬疑电影。分析句意可知，此处用序数词表示这是他的“第二部”作品。故填second。
135．考查强调句式。句意：同上。分析句意再根据上文的It was可知，此处是强调句式，强调的是名词work。故填that。
136．考查定语从句。句意：随后，他改变了自己的职业方向，不再制作独立电影，并因此获得了奥斯卡最佳原创剧本奖提名，转而与专业电影公司合作。此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，且位于介词之后，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
137．考查名词。句意：《黑暗骑士三部曲》(2005年)、《盗梦空间》(2010年)、《星际穿越》(2014年)和《信条》(2020年)等杰作在全球广受欢迎，在过去20年里获得了10多项奥斯卡提名。分析句式结构可知，形容词great应该修饰名词，所以空格处用提示词的名词形式。故填popularity。
138．考查动词时态。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语的位置，再根据in the past 20 years可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，所以谓语动词用动词的过去式形式。故填received。
139．考查动词语态。句意：诺兰的电影通常根植于深刻的主题，探索人类道德、时间的建构和个人身份。分析句意可知，本句的时态用一般现在时来陈述一般情况，又因为root和主语films之间时被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是复数名词，所以be动词用are。故填are rooted。
140．考查形容词。句意：2015年，他被《时代》杂志评为全球100位最具影响力人物之一。2019年，他因对电影的贡献被授予大英帝国司令勋章。分析句式结构可知，修饰名词people应该用形容词，所以空格处用提示词的形容词形式。故填influential。
141．hurricanes 142．on 143．causing 144．which/that 145．an 146．However 147．to stay 148．them 149．anxiously 150．left
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国历史上最具破坏性之一的飓风Katrina对城市造成的影响。
141．考查名词的数。句意：2005年8月下旬，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一——飓风卡Katrina袭击了美国东南部地区。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，故填hurricanes。
142．考查介词。句意：它始于8月23日，一开始只造成了轻微的破坏。在具体某一天，应用介词on，故填on。
143．考查非谓语动词。句意：但是它很快在墨西哥湾的温暖水域上空成长为5级飓风，沿途造成严重破坏。此处是非谓语动词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，主语it和动词cause之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填causing。
144．考查定语从句。句意：新奥尔良，一个建在海平面以下的城市，受灾最严重。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词city，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which来引导定语从句，代替先行词city在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
145．考查冠词。句意：为了应对即将到来的飓风，市政府下令疏散市内所有居民。give an order固定搭配，意为“下命令”，order当“命令”讲时是可数名词。故填an。
146．考查副词。句意：然而，许多人留在了城市里。前后是转折关系，逗号将其与主句隔
开，应用副词however，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
147．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全和健康，但是其他人无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。choose to do固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，故填to stay。
148．考查代词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全和健康，但是其他人无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。此处应用宾格them作宾语，故填them。
149．考查副词。句意：人们被困在城市里，没有电力，食物，或饮用水，焦急地等待救援。此处应用副词anxiously作状语，修饰动词短语wait for，故填anxiously。
150．考查时态。句意：Katrina飓风共造成近2000人死亡，数百万人无家可归。此处是谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，此处和caused是并列关系，应用过去式，故填left。
151．known 152．contributions 153．despite 154．with 155．to be hired 156．although/though 157．a 158．was founded 159．increasingly 160．publishing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚的生平。
151．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚一生接生了5万多名婴儿，为中国的儿童出生做出了巨大贡献。被修饰词Lin Qiaozhi与know之间存在被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
152．考查名词。句意：被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚一生接生了5万多名婴儿，为中国的儿童出生做出了巨大贡献。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词作宾语；固定搭配make contributions to“为……做贡献”。故填contributions。
153．考查介词。句意：年轻的时候，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的道路，她不顾哥哥对高昂学费的抱怨，下定决心要学医。分析句子结构可知，空处应填介词；根据句意可知，此处表示“不管，不顾”。故填despite。
154．考查介词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业后，她获得了文海奖学金——毕业生获得的最高荣誉，她成为了北京协和医院妇产科第一位女住院医师。分析句子结构可知，空处应填介词；根据句意可知，此处表示伴随状态。故填with。
155．考查非谓语动词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业后，她获得了文海奖学金——毕业生
获得的最高荣誉，她成为了北京协和医院妇产科第一位女住院医师。名词前有序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语，且hire与she构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故填to be hired。
156．考查连词。句意：在留学期间，虽然她给学校留下了深刻的印象，也得到了留在美国的机会，但她毫不犹豫地拒绝了，而是回到中国为妇女和儿童服务。分析句子可知，空处应填连词；根据句意前后为让步关系，且在句首。故填although或者though。
157．考查冠词。句意：作为一名医生，她不仅被任命为北京协和医院妇产科的第一位女主任，而且还开设了一家私人诊所，为所有需要帮助的人提供治疗。此处private clinic为泛指“一个私人诊所”，且private是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
158．考查被动语态。句意：新中国成立后，林巧稚的工作越来越繁忙，发挥了越来越重要的作用，因为她担任了许多重要职务。分析句子可知，空处是从句的谓语动词，主语和谓语是被动关系，根据句意为一般过去时，且主语the People’s Republic是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was founded。
159．考查副词。句意：新中国成立后，林巧稚的工作越来越繁忙，发挥了越来越重要的作用，因为她担任了许多重要职务。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词important，由句意可知此处表示“越来越”，所以应用副词。故填increasingly。
160．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，她更热衷于照顾病人，发表关于妇女和儿童护理的医学研究，以及培训新医生。此处作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填publishing。
（22-23高一下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, which 1 (surround) by rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their 2 (interesting) in swimming in the waters near their home. Plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered (散落) on the beach. They got 3 (extreme) upset about that.
Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes, 4 had sparked (引发) movements of positive changes in the world. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, 5 (concern) about the large amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. Then 6 idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel. Isabel also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a 7 (fascinate) beach as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy.
They made a list 8 things they needed and reached out to the community for support. Melati and Isabel’s small idea attracted many volunteers to help clean up the beach, 9 (make) it start to become cleaner and more beautiful again. The sisters were overjoyed to see the impact they had made and continued to inspire others to take action against plastic pollution. They knew that even small actions like theirs could create significant positive change in 10 (they) community and the world.
（22-23高一下·四川成都·期末）语法填空
Without the usual smoggy days, local 11 (resident) have been happy with the air quality since the heating season started. They open the window to air their homes. On social media, pictures of blue skies and white clouds 12 (frequent) appear, 13 (show) people’s excitement about the clear days.
In Shanxi, 14 major coal production province, burning coarse coal (粗煤) for heating used to be a main source of air 15 (pollute). The government has been striving to change all this. It has launched a campaign to replace coarse coal 16 clean fuels for heating since 2017.
More than 38 percent of the heating companies in Shanxi had applied advanced equipment with higher efficiency and 17 (low) emission (排放) by the end of 2019, 18 (compare) with 25.5 percent at the end of 2017. It 19 (believe) that the number can reach 50 percent by the end of this year, 20 is the goal of the government.
（22-23高一下·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals are wonderful occasions 21 allow us to relax and enjoy life. Festivals 22 (celebrate) all round the world have a wide range of origins. No matter what they are, the spirit of sharing joy, 23 (grateful), love, or peace is common in all festivals.
The harvest festival can 24 (find) in almost every culture, which takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. In ancient Egypt, the festival was observed during the springtime, 25 (feature) a parade and a great feast. Today, people in some European countries get together to celebrate 26 a meal.
Customs also play 27 important role in festivals. But with the development of modern society 28 the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away while others may be established. What’s more the commercialization of festivals arouses people’s heated discussion. Some people are 29 (absolute) opposed to it while many believe the increase in spending is 30 (benefit) to the economy and public happiness.
（22-23高一下·浙江丽水·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A series of exhibitions, activities and forums helped promote Thursday’s International Chinese Language Day to a even 31 (broad) audience. 32 (mark) the 14th International Chinese Language Day, 33 falls on April 20, Cape Town in South Africa witnessed the opening of a special exhibition: The Way of Type—Modernization of Chinese Typography(活版印刷术). By showing the development 34 (start) from ceramic movable type(陶瓷活字), the exhibition gives visitors 35 overview of the general landscape of the modern development of Chinese characters.
This is just one of the celebrations held 36 (global) on Chinese Language Day. In the headquarters of UNESCO in Paris, the day was celebrated early on Tuesday with a singing performance in both Chinese and French by a performer 37 (dress)in qipao. The 2023 Chinese Language Day was celebrated under the theme of “Chinese Wisdom for a Green World” by the UN in the hope 38 contributing Chinese knowledge in green and sustainable development. This will also echo 39 (meeting)such as the Water Conference and the SDG Summit(峰会)that 40 (hold)by the UN throughout 2023.
（22-23高一下·浙江杭州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Taking a gap year between high school and college can be a great way to explore your interests, gain new experiences, 41 develop skills that will benefit you in the future. For me, my gap year was 42 unforgettable adventure that allowed me 43 (step) outside my comfort zone and see the world in new ways.
During my gap year, I traveled to several 44 (country)including Thailand, Japan, and Peru. I 45 (volunteer)at a wildlife preserve in Thailand, where I worked with elephants, monkeys, and other animals. In Japan, I taught English to elementary school children, and in Peru, I worked on a farming project with a local community.
These experiences were greatly rewarding and taught me valuable lessons about the world and myself. I learned how to communicate 46 (effective) with people from different cultures, how to adapt 47 new environments and situations, and how tobe more self-sufficient and resourceful.
In addition to my travels, I also spent time 48 (explore)my passions and hobbies. I took art classes, learned how to cook new dishes, and read extensively about topics 49 interested me. These activities helped me to develop my creativity, curiosity, and critical thinking skills. So far these skills 50 (be)invaluable in shaping my ideas and I’m looking forward to continuing to improve them throughout my life.
（22-23高一下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing Opera is a national treasure of China. It dates back to the late 18th century. At that time, four Huiban Opera Troups (徽班) entered the capital 51 (celebrate) Qianlong's birthday. Although it is called Beijing Opera, 52 (it) origins are not in Beijing but in Anhui and Hubei .
There are four main roles: sheng, dan, jing, chou. Sheng is the male roles, dan is the female roles, chou is clown roles and jing is roles 53 brightly-painted face masks. The different colors of the faces represent different characters and each role has its 54 (fix) singing and acting styles. So Beijing Opera is a 55 (combine) of acting, talking, singing, dancing, and music.
Meilanfang is a famous Chinese name in the world of Beijing Opera. Since he visited Japan in 1919, Peking Opera 56 (become) more and more popular with people around the world. The painted face impresses people most! Many find it 57 (fascinate)!
But the music is very loud and the performers usually sing in 58 extremely loud style. That is because in the early days, Beijing Opera 59 (perform) mostly on open-air stages in streets, tea-houses or courtyard, 60 they played loudly so that the crowds can hear clearer.
（22-23高一下·河南焦作·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are some traditions and customs during the leap month(闰月) in China, which 61 (be)different in different places.
In some parts of Central China’s Henan Province, daughters will prepare wild goose-shaped cakes for their
parents before the leap month comes, wishing for good luck. There is an old story 62 (surround)the tradition.
Long ago, there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan Province, 63 was very kind to her parents. In a year which had a leap month, the married girl thought of her parents. They never had enough food 64 (support) their lives and might suffer from hunger due 65 the repetitive month. So, she collected some food and headed toward her 66 (parents) home.
On the mountainous road, she fell asleep by accident and when she woke up, the food was eaten up by birds. Seeing this and thinking of her parents, she cried and 67 (final) fell asleep again.
Some time later, she heard some weak sounds and woke up again. Seeing a couple of wild geese were staying in her bag and not willing to leave, she 68 (bring)them along and went on her way. When she arrived, she found the village was suffering from hunger and disease, and that her parents were on the edge of immediate 69 (die).
She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents, and they recovered soon. She then gave 70 rest to the neighbors and the disease amazingly disappeared the next day.
（22-23高一下·河南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is 71 yearly winter event in Harbin, Northeast China’s Heilongjiang Province. It features large ice and snow sculptures (雕塑) that are made 72 (complete) of ice and snow, and many other recreational facilities (娱乐设施).
It is said that the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is considered as the 73 (large) ice and snow festival in the world. The festival 74 (hold) last December lasted about two months. Harbin Ice and Snow World 75 (receive) over 180, 000 visitors during the weeklong Spring Festival holiday, welcoming 45,000 visitors on its peak (高峰) day.
Harbin Ice and Snow World is a seasonal theme park. Every winter, building workers use special tools 76 (cut) ice into blocks from the icy surface of the nearby Songhua River, The sculptures require about 200,000 cubic meters of ice.
Then the experts 77 come from China and overseas have just 15 days to turn the ice 78 sculptures. Tens of thousands of them work together around the clock. When it gets dark, the colored lights turn on, 79 (make) the Ice and Snow World look like a fairytale world. Apart from the ice sculptures, fun activities also attract 80 (tourist) to the festival.
（21-22高一下·福建·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mi Fu, also known as Mi Fei, was a Chinese painter, poet, and calligrapher born in Taiyuan, Shanxi during the Song dynasty. In painting he gained 81 (recognize) for his style of painting misty landscapes. This style was considered as the “Mi Fu” style and involved the use of large wet dots of ink 82 (apply) with a flat brush. His poetry followed the style of Li Bai and his calligraphy that of Wang Xizhi.
He is best known for his calligraphy, 83 he is regarded as one of the four 84 (great) calligraphers in the Song dynasty. His style arises from that of calligraphers in earlier dynasties, but with a unique mark 85 his own.
As 86 famous calligrapher, Mi Fu was also noted as an eccentric (怪人). At times he 87 (call) “Madman Mi” because he was 88 (true) crazy about collecting stones. He even declared one stone to be his brother. He would bow to his “brother” rock 89 (show) the devotion given to older brothers. His son, Mi Youren, was also a famous painter in his father’s artistic style. Unlike his father, Mi Youren lived to be quite elderly, 90 (die) at the age of 79.
（21-22高一下·江苏南京·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Of all the foods I have ever tried, the mooncake is my favourite. There are many 91 (version) of mooncakes from different places around China. They have 92 variety of fillings, among 93 I love the sweet red bean filling best. I remember 94 (try) my first mooncake with my family when I was very little. We sat outside in my grandparents’ yard while the full moon 95 (shine) above us. It was a very special moment. My elderly grandmother still 96 (bake) mooncakes for the whole family every year. She can make the flour and red beans into wonderful mooncakes 97 magic. When she places them on the table, they look 98 (adore)-small, round and shiny golden-brown. The delicious smell soon reaches my nose and my mouth starts to water. When I pick up a mooncake, it feels warm and heavy in my hand. As I take each bite, the sweet and mild flavour of the red bean filling 99 (slow) fills my mouth. The mooncake is always my favourite because of its 100 (satisfy) taste that is out of this world and the happy memories it brings to mind.
（21-22高一下·江苏镇江·期末）阅读以下短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Travels of Xu Xiake is a travel note 101 (create) by Xu Xiake, 102 geographer in the Ming Dynasty. After 34 years of travel, Xu Xiake left more than 600,000 Chinese words of travel notes. After his death,
the materials were collected into Xu Xiake’s Travels by others.
This book is the first work to systematically investigate China’s geomorphology (水文地质学) and geology (地理学). In addition, the beautiful words also make it a masterpiece of literature, 103 is of great value in geography and literature.
The fresh and beautiful writing style used to describe things in The Travels of Xu Xiake 104 (make) readers love it. The 105 (describe) of the scenery is not only close to reality, but also very accurate. Modern science and technology has also confirmed the accuracy of Xu Xiake’s records of geological landform and rock landscape.
The historical value of The Travels of Xu Xiake covers a wide range 106 levels. Apart from the observation of mountain landform, he also has 107 (detail) records on hydrological (水文学) distribution, river source exploration and the experience of the relationship between landscape and climate.
From these rich 108 (content), this travel note can leave a name in history. It is considered to be a work 109 (cover) literature and Science in the late Ming Dynasty.
The day of the first chapter of The Travels of Xu Xiake (May 19) is 110 (official) named as China’s Tourism Day.
（21-22高一下·广东·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
29 outstanding Party members were conferred the July 1 Medal, one of 111 was Zhang Guimei. She founded a high school, 112 (offer) free education to girls in a lessdeveloped area of Yunnan Province.
Zhang’s efforts helped nearly 2,000 girls go to college. She visited poor 113 (family) and persuaded them not to let their children drop out of school. This shows 114 educators should work with a greater sense of responsibility.
Another important lesson from Zhang’s story is that we should take a longterm view of rural education. Zhang has been working 115 (improve) education in rural areas because of her high degree of 116 (commit) and making the education of talents as her goal. 117 is because of the very goal that Zhang could overcome difficulties, and help the poor throw off 118 wrong idea that “education is useless”. It also reminds us that more efforts should 119 (make) to develop education in rural areas, and we should focus 120 longterm goals and interests.
（21-22高一下·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Before the mid-2th century, 121 (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were 122 (determine) to help humans realise their dream to explore space. The USSR focused 123 sending people into space after 4 October, 1957. Though the terrible disasters made people sad and 124 (disappoint), people never gave up 125 (explore) space exploration. This is 126 they believe in the importance of space exploration. China has become the third country in the world to 127 (independent) send humans into space in 2003. Europe, the US and China all have plans to 128 (far) study and explore planets. Despite the 129 (difficulty), scientists hope futher discoveries will enable us 130 (understand) how the universe began and help us survive well into the future.
（21-22高一下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Christopher Edward Nolan is a British-American film director, producer and screenwriter known 131 making personal, distinctive films within the Hollywood mainstream.
132 (raise) in London, Nolan developed an interest in filmmaking from a young age. He studied English literature at University College London, gained his screenwriting skills, 133 made his first film Following. It was his 134 (two) work, Memento, a low-cost suspense film made in 2000 with his brother Jonathan Nolan, 135 helped him gain international recognition. He then changed his career direction from making independent films, for 136 he was nominated(提名)for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, to cooperating with professional studios. Masterpieces like Dark Knight Trilogy (2005), Inception (2010), Interstellar (2014) and Tenet (2020), enjoying great 137 (popular) around the globe, 138 (receive) more than 10 Oscar nominations in the past 20 years.
Typically, Nolan’s films 139 (root) in profound themes, exploring human morality, the construction of time, and personal identity.
Time named him one of the 100 most 140 (influence) people in the world in 2015, and in 2019, he was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his services to film.
（21-22高一下·湖南张家界·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In late August, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, one of the most destructive 141 (hurricane) in American history, hit the south-eastern parts of the country. It began 142 August 23, and caused only slight damage in the beginning. But it soon grew to be a Category 5 hurricane over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, 143 (cause) severe damage along its path.
New Orleans, a city 144 was built largely below sea level, was worst hit. In reaction to the coming
hurricane, the city government gave 145 order to clear the city of all residents. 146 , many stayed in the city. Some of them chose 147 (stay) because they believed that the city’s defense system would keep 148 (they) safe and sound, but others were unable to leave because they had no access to transport. The defense system finally failed. As a result, 80%of the city flooded for weeks. People were stuck in the city without power, food, or drinking water, 149 (anxious)waiting for rescue.
A week later, the hurricane died away. In all, Hurricane Katrin a caused nearly 2,000 deaths, and 150 (leave) millions of people homeless.
（21-22高一下·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lin Qiaozhi, 151 (know) as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime and made great 152 (contribute) to the birth of children in China.
When young, she didn’t follow the traditional path like most girls and made up her mind to study medicine 153 her brother’s complaint for the high tuition fees. After graduating from Peking Union Medical College 154 the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates, she became the first woman ever 155 (hire) as resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. After a few years, she went to Europe and America for further education. During her stay there, 156 she impressed her colleges and was given an offer to stay in America, she rejected without any hesitation and went to China to serve the women and children. As a doctor, not only was she appointed the first woman director of the OB-GYN department of PUMC Hospital, but she also opened 157 private clinic to cure all the people in need of help.
After the People’s Republic 158 (found), Lin Qiaozhi became busier and played an 159 (increase) important role as she held many important positions. However, she was more keen on tending patients, 160 (publish) medical research on care for women and children and training new doctors. She didn’t retire until the days he died.
参考答案：
1．is surrounded
2．interest 3．extremely 4．who 5．concerned 6．an 7．fascinating 8．of 9．making 10．their
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔带领社区拯救被垃圾污染的海滩的故事。
1．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔深深地爱着他们在岛上的家，这里被雨林、绿色的田野和广阔的海洋所包围。surround(围绕)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(指代先行词island)之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单词形式。故填is surrounded。
2．考查名词。句意：但当梅拉蒂15岁、伊莎贝尔10岁时，姐妹俩开始对在家附近的水域游泳失去了兴趣。提示词作宾语，用名词interest，意为“兴趣”，不可数名词；lose interest in“对……失去兴趣”。故填interest。
3．考查副词。句意：他们对此非常不安。提示词修饰动词got，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极度，非常”。故填extremely。
4．考查定语从句。句意：梅拉蒂并没有想太多，直到有一天，她的老师给她上了一堂关于一些世界英雄的课，这些英雄在世界上引发了积极的变化。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
5．考查形容词。句意：放学后，梅拉蒂默默地慢慢走回家，担心着海滩上大量的塑料垃圾。根据句意，“(concern) about the large amount of plastic rubbish on the beach.”在句中作伴随状语，用形容词concerned构成形容词短语作状语，意为“担心的；忧虑的”，解释说明主语Melati。故填concerned。
6．考查冠词。句意：这时，一个念头使她灵光一现。可数名词idea在句中表示“一个念头”，泛指，idea发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
7．考查形容词。句意：两个人想象着像以前一样迷人的海滩，高兴地跳了起来。提示词作定语修饰名词beach，用形容词fascinating，意为“迷人的”。故填fascinating。
8．考查介词。句意：他们列出了他们需要的东西，并向社区寻求支持。make a list of...是固
定短语，意为“列出……”。故填of。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔的小想法吸引了许多志愿者来帮助清理海滩，使它开始变得更干净，更美丽。“(make) it start to become cleaner and more beautiful again”作结果状语，表示“情理之中的结果”，动词make是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语small idea之间是主动关系，用现在分词making表主动。故填making。
10．考查代词。句意：他们知道，即使是像他们这样的小行动也能给他们的社区和世界带来重大的积极变化。提示词修饰名词community，用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
11．residents 12．frequently 13．showing 14．a 15．pollution 16．with 17．lower 18．compared 19．is believed 20．which
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，通过政府的努力，自从供暖季节开始以来，山西没有了通常的雾霾天气，空气质量变好。
11．考查名词复数。句意：自从供暖季节开始以来，没有了通常的雾霾天气，当地居民对空气质量感到满意。结合助动词have，用可数名词resident的复数形式作主语。故填residents。
12．考查副词。句意：在社交媒体上，蓝天白云的照片频繁出现，显示了人们对晴朗天气的兴奋。副词frequently作状语，修饰动词appear。故填frequently。
13．考查现在分词。句意：在社交媒体上，蓝天白云的照片频繁出现，显示了人们对晴朗天气的兴奋。分析句子结构可知，show是非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句产生的意料之中、自然而然的结果，show用现在分词作结果状语。故填showing。
14．考查不定冠词。句意：在煤炭生产大省山西，燃烧粗煤取暖曾经是空气污染的主要来源。泛指“一个主要煤炭生产大省”，major以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
15．考查名词。句意：在煤炭生产大省山西，燃烧粗煤取暖曾经是空气污染的主要来源。a main source of air 5 (pollute)名词所有格结构，用名词pollution，air pollution (空气污染)。故填pollution。
16．考查固定搭配。句意：自2017年以来，它发起了一场用清洁燃料替代粗煤供暖的运动。固定搭配replace…with…(用……取代……)。故填with。
17．考查形容词比较级。句意：截至2019年底，山西超过38%的供热企业采用了效率更高、
排放更低的先进设备，而2017年底这一比例为25.5%。结合higher efficiency，有比较含义，用形容词比较级lower (更低的)作定语，修饰名词emission。故填lower。
18．考查过去分词。句意：截至2019年底，山西超过38%的供热企业采用了效率更高、排放更低的先进设备，而2017年底这一比例为25.5%。该空为非谓语动词作状语，固定搭配be compared with (与……相比)，用过去分词compared。故填compared。
19．考查固定句型。句意：据信，到今年年底，这个数字可以达到50%，这是政府的目标。讲述现在的一种情况，时态用一般现在时，固定句型It is believed that…(据信)。故填is believed。
20．考查定语从句关系词。句意：据信，到今年年底，这个数字可以达到50%，这是政府的目标。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是50 percent，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
21．that/which 22．are celebrated 23．gratitude 24．be found 25．featuring 26．over 27．an 28．and 29．absolutely 30．beneficial
【导语】这是一篇说明文。节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。文章主要介绍了节日的起源以及丰收节相关的知识。
21．考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导定语从句，故填that/which。
22．考查过去分词。句意：世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。该句子的谓语动词是have，所给动词celebrate只能用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词festivals，festivals和动词celebrate是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填celebrated。
23．考查名词。句意：无论是什么，分享喜悦、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都是普遍存在的。此处应用名词gratitude作宾语，为不可数名词，故填gratitude。
24．考查语态。句意：丰收节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到，这种文化发生在所有庄稼收获之后。the harvest festival和动词find是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，由情态动词can可知，此处应用be found，故填be found。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：在古埃及，人们在春天庆祝这个节日，以游行和盛大的宴会为特色。句中有为was observed，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the festival和动词feature是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填featuring。
26．考查介词。句意： 今天，一些欧洲国家的人们聚在一起吃饭庆祝。此处表示“通过吃饭来庆祝”，应用介词over，表示“利用；通过”，故填over。
27．考查冠词。句意：习俗在节日中也扮演着重要的角色。play a(n)...role固定搭配，意为“扮演……的角色”，important发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。
28．考查连词。句意：但是随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，而另一些可能会建立。“随着现代社会的发展”和“新思想的传播”是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。
29．考查副词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。形容词opposed应用副词absolutely来修饰，作状语，故填absolutely。
30．考查形容词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。此处应用形容词beneficial作表语，be beneficial to固定搭配，意为“对……有好处”，故填beneficial。
31．broader 32．To mark 33．which 34．starting 35．an 36．globally 37．dressed 38．of 39．meetings 40．will be held
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为纪念第14个国际汉语日，南非开普敦举办了一场特别展览：字道——汉字设计的现代之路艺术展，吸引了广泛的观众参加。
31．考查比较级。句意：一系列的展览、活动和论坛将周四的国际汉语日推向了更广泛的受众。even在句子中表示“更”，用在比较级前加强语气，broader意为“更广泛的”，作定语修饰audience，故填broader。
32．考查动词不定式。句意：为纪念4月20日的第14个国际汉语日，南非开普敦举办了一场特别展览：字道——汉字设计的现代之路艺术展。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，且空格位于句首，故填To mark。
33．考查定语从句。句意：为纪念4月20日的第14个国际汉语日，南非开普敦举办了一场特别展览：字道——汉字设计的现代之路艺术展。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，the 14th International Chinese Language Day（第14个国际汉语日）是先行词，它在从句中作主语，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句，故填which。
34．考查现在分词。句意：展览展示了从陶瓷活字开始的发展历程，让参观者大致了解了汉字现代发展的全貌。分析句子结构可知，start在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，development
发出start的动作，二者之间为主动关系，因此使用start的现在分词作定语，故填starting。
35．考查冠词。句意：展览展示了从陶瓷活字开始的发展历程，让参观者大致了解了汉字现代发展的全貌。overview为可数名词，在句子中为泛指意义，且是以元音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词an，故填an。
36．考查副词。句意：这只是全球在汉语日举行的庆祝活动之一。使用副词作状语修饰过去分词held，global的副词是globally，故填globally。
37．考查过去分词。句意：周二早些时候，在巴黎联合国教科文组织总部，一名身着奇装异服的表演者用中文和法语演唱了这一天。分析句子结构可知，dress 在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，performer 承受dress的动作，因此使用dress的过去分词作定语，故填dressed。
38．考查固定短语。句意：联合国以“中国智慧建设绿色世界”为主题，庆祝了2023年中国语文日，希望为绿色可持续发展贡献中国知识。in the hope of：带着……的希望，故填of。
39．考查名词的数。句意：这也将与联合国将在2023年全年举行的水大会和可持续发展目标峰会等会议相呼应。meeting是可数名词，在句子中为泛指意义，需要变复数，故填meetings。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：这也将与联合国将在2023年全年举行的水大会和可持续发展目标峰会等会议相呼应。根据句中的“will echo”可知，hold使用一般将来时，并且the Water Conference and the SDG Summit承受hold的动作，因此从句的谓语动词使用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be held。
41．and 42．an 43．to step 44．countries 45．volunteered 46．effectively 47．to 48．exploring 49．which/that 50．have been
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在间隔年的经历和感受。
41．考查连词。句意：在高中和大学之间的间隔年是一个探索你的兴趣、获得新经验和发展对你未来有益的技能的好方法。句中explore your interests、gain new experiences和develop skills为并列成分，所以用连词and连接。故填and。
42．考查冠词。句意：对我来说，间隔年是一次难忘的冒险，它让我走出了自己的舒适区，以新的方式看待世界。名词adventure作为“冒险经历”，为可数名词，泛指，且形容词unforgettable发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，间隔年是一次难忘的冒险，它让我走出了自己的舒适区，以新的方式看待世界。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。故填to step。
44．考查名词的数。句意：在我的间隔年里，我去了几个国家，包括泰国、日本和秘鲁。形容词several后接可数名词的复数形式。故填countries。
45．考查时态。句意：我在泰国的一个野生动物保护区做志愿者，在那里我和大象、猴子和其他动物一起工作。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填volunteered。
46．考查副词。句意：我学会了如何与来自不同文化背景的人有效沟通，如何适应新的环境和情况，以及如何更加自给自足和足智多谋。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填effectively。
47．考查介词。句意：我学会了如何与来自不同文化背景的人有效沟通，如何适应新的环境和情况，以及如何更加自给自足和足智多谋。adapt to适应。故填to。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了我的旅行，我也花时间探索我的激情和爱好。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填exploring。
49．考查定语从句。句意：我参加了艺术课，学习了如何烹饪新菜，并广泛阅读了我感兴趣的话题。句中先行词为topics，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
50．考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这些技能在塑造我的想法方面一直是无价的，我期待着在我的一生中继续改进它们。根据时间状语so far可知，用现在完成时。主语these skills为复数形式，所以谓语动词用have。故填have been。
51．to celebrate 52．its 53．with 54．fixed 55．combination 56．has become 57．fascinating 58．an 59．was performed 60．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的起源历史以及表演特色。
51．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，四个徽班剧团进京，为乾隆庆生。分析句子结构可知celebrate在句中作目的状语表示“给乾隆庆生”，应用不定式。故填to celebrate。
52．考查代词。句意：虽然它被称为京剧，但它的起源不是在北京，而是在安徽和湖北。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
53．考查介词。句意：“生”是男性角色，“旦”是女性角色，“丑”是小丑角色，“净”是戴着鲜艳面具的角色。后跟名词作宾语，表示“戴着”应用介词with。故填with。
54．考查形容词。句意：不同颜色的脸代表不同的性格，每个角色都有自己固定的歌唱和表演风格。修饰singing and acting styles应用形容词fixed，作定语。故填fixed。
55．考查名词。句意：所以京剧是集表演、说话、唱歌、跳舞和音乐于一体的。作表语，结
合不定冠词可知应用单数名词combination。故填combination。
56．考查时态。句意：自从他1919年访问日本以来，京剧越来越受到世界各地人们的欢迎。根据上文Since he visited Japan in 1919可知为现在完成时，主语为Peking Opera，助动词用has。故填has become。
57．考查形容词。句意：许多人觉得它很迷人！此处为find+宾语+宾补结构，it指代The painted face，修饰物应用fascinating作宾补。故填fascinating。
58．考查冠词。句意：但是音乐非常响亮，表演者通常以非常响亮的风格唱歌。style为可数名词，此处为泛指且extremely是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
59．考查时态语态。句意：这是因为在早期，京剧大多是在街道、茶馆或庭院的露天舞台上表演的，他们在那里大声演奏，以便人群听得更清楚。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文in the early days可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Beijing Opera，谓语用单数。故填was performed。
60．考查定语从句。句意：这是因为在早期，京剧大多是在街道、茶馆或庭院的露天舞台上表演的，他们在那里大声演奏，以便人群听得更清楚。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词open-air stages，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
61．are 62．surrounding 63．who 64．to support 65．to 66．parents’ 67．finally 68．brought 69．death 70．the
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国各地区关于闰月的习俗和传说。
61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在中国，闰月期间有一些传统和习俗，这些传统和习俗在不同的地方有所不同。动词be在句中作谓语，本句叙述事实，应使用一般现在时，关系代词which指代先行词traditions and customs做主语，所以从句谓语应使用复数形式。故填are。
62．考查现在分词。句意：关于这个传统有一个古老的故事。空格处应该用给动词surround的非谓语形式作后置定语，与所修饰名词为主动关系，应填其现在分词形式。故填surrounding。
63．考查定语从句。句意：很久以前，在河南嵩山南麓住着一个女孩，她对父母很好。该空需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词girl在从句中作主语，所以应填who。故填who。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们从来没有足够的食物来维持他们的生活，并且可能因为重
复的月份而遭受饥饿。根据句意和句中的动词have可知，此处应该用不定式to support作后置定语（have something to do）。故填to support。
65．考查介词。句意：他们从来没有足够的食物来维持他们的生活，并且可能因为重复的月份而遭受饥饿。固定短语due to意为“由于，因为”符合语境。故填to。
66．考查名词所有格。句意：于是，她收集了一些食物，朝父母家走去。该空所给名词parents作定语修饰限定名词home，与所修饰名词为所属关系，应使用其所有格形式。故填parents’。
67．考查副词。句意：看到这些，想到她的父母，她哭了，最后又睡着了。该空需要一个副词修饰动词短语fell asleep，所给词final为形容词。故填finally。
68．考查时态。句意：看到几只大雁在她的袋子里，不愿意离开，她就把它们带上走了。动词bring在句中作谓语，根据上下文可知，在讲传说故事，应使用一般过去时。故填brought。
69．考查名词。句意：当她到达时，她发现村子里正遭受着饥饿和疾病的折磨，她的父母正处于立即死亡的边缘。该空需要一个名词作介词of的宾语，所给词die为动词，其名词拼写为death。故填death。
70．考查冠词。句意：然后，她把剩下的钱给了邻居，第二天，疾病神奇地消失了。固定表达the rest of...意为“...的剩余部分”，此处特指那些她带来的大雁除去她父母已经吃掉的剩余部分，应填定冠词the。故填the。
71．a 72．completely 73．largest 74．held 75．received 76．to cut 77．who/that 78．into 79．making 80．tourists
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哈尔滨国际冰雪节的相关情况。
71．考查冠词。句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节是中国东北黑龙江省哈尔滨市一年一度的冬季活动。此处指哈尔滨国际冰雪节是每年冬季都会举办的一个盛会，此处event应用不定冠词表泛指“一个”，且yearly的第一个音素是辅音。故填a。
72．考查副词。句意：它的特色是完全由冰雪制成的大型冰雕和雪雕，以及许多其他娱乐设施。此处修饰are made of，应用副词completely，作状语。故填completely。
73．考查形容词最高级。句意：据说，哈尔滨国际冰雪节被认为是世界上最大的冰雪节。根据空格前的定冠词the以及句意可知，此处表示哈尔滨国际冰雪节被认为是世界上最大的冰
雪节日，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
74．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年12月举行的节日持续了大约两个月。本句已有谓语动词lasted，且hold与其逻辑主语festival之间为被动关系，应用其过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词festival。故填held。
75．考查动词的时态。句意：在为期一周的春节假期期间，哈尔滨冰雪大世界接待了超过18万名游客，最繁忙的一天接待了4.5万名游客。根据后文on its peak day描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填received。
76．考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨冰雪大世界是一个季节性的主题公园。每年冬天，建筑工人都会用特殊的工具从附近松花江的冰面上把冰切成块，这些雕塑需要大约20万立方米的冰。此处考查固定搭配use sth. to do sth.意为“用……做……”。故填to cut。
77．考查定语从句。句意：然后，来自中国和海外的专家只有15天的时间把冰变成雕塑。定语从句修饰先行词experts，指人且在定语从句中作主语，引导词应用who或that。故填who/that。
78．考查介词。句意：然后，来自中国和海外的专家只有15天的时间把冰变成雕塑。此处为固定搭配turn…into，意为“把……变成……”。故填into。
79．考查非谓语动词。句意：当夜幕降临时，彩灯就会亮起，使冰雪大世界看起来像一个童话世界。分析句子结构可知，主句已有谓语动词turn on，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
80．考查名词的数。句意：除了冰雕之外，有趣的活动也吸引了游客。tourist为可数名词，前面没有限定词，此处应用其复数形式。故填tourists。
81．recognition 82．applied 83．and 84．greatest 85．of 86．a 87．was called 88．truly 89．to show 90．dying
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是宋代书法家米芾以及他的作画风格和性格特点。
81．考查名词。句意：在绘画方面，他的朦胧风景画风格得到了认可。空格处用名词作宾语，recognize的名词是recognition，意为“认可”，是不可数名词，故填recognition。
82．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种风格被认为是“米芾”风格，涉及使用大的湿点墨水，用一个扁平的刷子。句中谓语是was considered as the “Mi Fu” style and involved，空格处用非谓语动词，ink和apply之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动作定语，故填applied。
83．考查连词。句意：他最出名的是他的书法，他被认为是宋代四大书法家之一。“He is best known for his calligraphy”和“he is regarded as...”之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。
84．考查最高级。句意：他最出名的是他的书法，他被认为是宋代四大书法家之一。空前有the，空格处用最高级greatest，故填greatest。
85．考查介词。句意：他的风格源于早期的书法家，但有自己独特的标志。of one’s own是固定用法，意为“某人自己的”，因此空格处是介词of，故填of。
86．考查冠词。句意：作为一个著名的书法家，米芾也被认为是一个怪人。calligrapher是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，famous是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
87．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：有时他被称为“疯子米”，因为他对收集石头真的很疯狂。他被称为“疯子米”，且句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是单数，因此空格处是was called，故填was called。
88．考查副词。句意：有时他被称为“疯子米”，因为他对收集石头真的很疯狂。空格处用副词修饰形容词crazy，true的副词是truly，意为“真正地”，故填truly。
89．考查不定式。句意：他会向他的“兄弟”岩石鞠躬，以表示对哥哥的忠诚。根据语境可知，句子表示“他会向他的“兄弟”岩石鞠躬，以表示对哥哥的忠诚”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填to show。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：与他的父亲不同，米友仁活得很老，享年79岁。句中谓语是lived，空格处用非谓语动词，Mi Youren和die之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动作状语，故填dying。
91．versions 92．a 93．which 94．trying 95．was shining 96．bakes 97．like 98．adorable 99．slowly 100．satisfying
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对月饼的喜爱。
91．考查名词。句意：中国的月饼有很多不同的地方版本。前面有many修饰，空处应用名词复数形式。故填versions。
92．考查冠词。句意：它们有各种各样的馅料，其中我最喜欢的是甜红豆馅料。a variety of“各种各样的”为固定短语。故填a。
93．考查定语从句。句意：它们有各种各样的馅料，其中我最喜欢的是甜红豆馅料。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为fillings，为物，作介词among的宾语指代物应用关系代词which。故填which。
94．考查非谓语。句意：我记得我很小的时候和家人一起尝试我的第一个月饼。remember doing“记得做过某事”为固定短语，故填try的动名词形式。故填trying。
95．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们坐在祖父母的院子里，满月在我们的头顶上空闪耀。分析句子可知，描述过去正在进行的动作，空处应用过去进行时态，主语the full moon为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was shining。
96．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我年迈的祖母仍然每年为全家人烤月饼。根据every year可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语grandmother为单数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填bakes。
97．考查介词。句意：她就像变魔术一般，能将面粉和红豆变成美味的月饼。分析句子可知，空处应填介词like“像”，like magic“像魔术一样”。故填like。
98．考查形容词。句意：当她把它们放在桌子上时，它们看起来很可爱——又小又圆，闪闪发光的金棕色。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词adorable“可爱的”在句中作表语。故填adorable。
99．考查副词。句意：当我咬下每一口，红豆馅那香甜而又温和的味道便逐渐充盈口中。空处应用副词修饰动词fills。故填slowly。
100．考查形容词。句意：月饼一直是我的最爱，因为它那令人满足的绝妙滋味，以及它所带来的美好回忆。空处应用形容词satisfying“令人满意的”修饰名词taste。故填satisfying。
101．created 102．a 103．which 104．makes 105．description 106．of 107．detailed 108．contents 109．covering 110．officially
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了明代地理学家徐霞客创作的《徐霞客游记》。
101．考查非谓语动词。句意：《徐霞客游记》是明代地理学家徐霞客创作的游记。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词a travel note与create是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填created。
102．考查冠词。句意：《徐霞客游记》是明代地理学家徐霞客创作的游记。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。此处介绍徐霞客的身份，表示“一个”，故用不定冠词。geographer的读
音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。名词短语a geographer in the Ming Dynasty作Xu Xiake的同位语。故填a。
103．考查定语从句。句意：此外，优美的文字也使它成为文学的杰作，在地理和文学上都具有重要的价值。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句。先行词为masterpiece，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
104．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：《徐霞客游记》中描写事物的清新优美的文笔让读者爱不释手。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时态。主语The fresh and beautiful writing style表示单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
105．考查名词。句意：对景物的描写不仅贴近现实，而且十分准确。根据空格前的The可知，此处应填名词作主语，describe的名词形式description符合题意，意为“描述”。故填description。
106．考查介词。句意：《徐霞客游记》的历史价值涉及多个层面。此处为固定搭配a wide range of，意为“各种各样的”。故填of。
107．考查形容词。句意：除了对山地地貌的观察，他还对水文分布、河源勘探以及景观与气候关系的经历有详细的记录。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词records。detail的形容词形式detailed符合题意，意为“详细的”。故填detailed。
108．考查名词的数。句意：从这些丰富的内容来看，这篇游记可以青史留名。根据空格前的these可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填contents。
109．考查非谓语动词。句意：它被认为是一部涵盖晚明文学和科学的著作。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。a work与cover是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填covering。
110．考查副词。句意：《徐霞客游记》第一章的第一天（5月19日）被正式命名为中国旅游日。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语修饰is named，故用officially，意为“正式地”。故填officially。
111．whom 112．offering 113．families 114．how/that 115．to improve 116．commitment 117．It 118．the 119．be made 120．on/upon
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了张桂梅对女孩获得平等教育所付出的努力。
111．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：29名优秀党员被授予“七一奖章”，张桂梅就是其中之一。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在从句中作介词of的宾语，先行词为Party members，应用whom。故填whom。
112．考查非谓语动词。句意：她创办了一所高中，为云南省欠发达地区的女孩提供免费教育。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的现在分词的形式作状语。故填offering。
113．考查名词。句意：她走访贫困家庭，说服他们不要让孩子辍学。设空处应用名词的形式作宾语，空前无限定词修饰表泛指多个家庭，应用复数的形式。故填families。
114．考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：这表明教育工作者应该如何以更大的责任感工作/这表明教育工作者应该以更大的责任感工作。设空处引导宾语从句，从句的句意完整，不缺成份，可用that；从句中缺少方式状语，应该用how。故填how/that。
115．考查非谓语动词。句意：张一直致力于改善农村地区的教育，因为她高度的承诺，并把人才教育作为她的目标。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式。故填to improve。
116．考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用名词的形式作介词宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填commitment。
117．考查代词。句意：正是因为这个目标，张才能克服困难，帮助穷人摆脱“教育无用”的错误观念。分析句子的结构可知，此句为强调句，结构为：It is+强调成份+that+其他。故填It。
118．考查冠词。句意见上题解析。设空处应为冠词，根据定语从句“that “education is useless”(教育是无用的)”可知此处表示特指，应用the。故填the。
119．考查谓语动词。句意：这也提醒我们，应该更加努力地发展农村教育，我们应该关注长远的目标和利益。设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，空前为should，设空处为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be made。
120．考查介词。句意见上题解析。focus on/upon“专注于”。故填on/upon。
121．travelling 122．determined 123．on 124．disappointed 125．exploring 126．because 127．independently 128．further
129．difficulties 130．to understand
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们为了实现人类探索太空的梦想所做出的努力。
121．考查非谓语动词。句意：在22世纪中叶以前，到太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作主语，表示“太空旅行”的一般性行为，故应用动名词形式。故填travelling。
122．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。固定短语be determined to do sth表示“决心做某事”，符合句意，故应用过去分词形式。故填determined。
123．考查介词。句意：1957年10月4日之后，苏联专注于把人送到太空上。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接动名词短语“sending people into space”；动词短语focus on表示“专注于……”，符合句意。故填on。
124．考查形容词。句意：尽管可怕的灾难使人们感到悲伤和失望，但人们从未放弃太空探索。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，与形容词“sad”并列作宾语补足语；disappointed形容词，表示“感到失望的”，符合句意。故填disappointed。
125．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管可怕的灾难使人们感到悲伤和失望，但人们从未放弃太空探索。根据谓语动词“gave up”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语give up doing sth表示“放弃做某事”，符合句意，故应用动名词形式作宾语。故填exploring。
126．考查连接副词。句意：这是因为他们相信太空探索的重要性。分析句子和句意可知，空处引导表语从句，表示“因为”，故应用连接副词because。故填because。
127．考查副词。句意：2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，作状语修饰动词“send”，表示“独立地”。故填independently。
128．考查副词。句意：欧洲、美国和中国都有计划进一步研究和探索行星。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，作状语修饰动词“study and explore”；further可作副词，表示“更进一步”，符合句意。故填further。
129．考查名词复数。句意：尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望进一步的发现会使我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，并帮助我们在未来更好地生存。根据定冠词“the”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；difficulty名词，表示“困难的事情”，为可数名词，由句意，应用复数形式，表示“困难重重”。故填difficulties。
130．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望进一步的发现会使我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，并帮助我们在未来更好地生存。根据句中谓语“will enable”可知，空处
应为非谓语动词形式；动词短语enable sb to do sth表示“使某人能够做某事”，符合句意，故应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to understand。
131．for 132．raised 133．and 134．second 135．that
136．which 137．popularity 138．received 139．are rooted 140．influential
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影导演克里斯托弗·爱德华·诺兰的学习经历和代表作及获得的荣誉。
131．考查介词。句意：克里斯托弗·爱德华·诺兰是一位英裔美国电影导演、制片人和编剧，因为在好莱坞主流中制作个人的、独特的电影而闻名。分析句意再根据known可知，此处用介词for与known搭配表示“因为……而闻名”故填for。
132．考查非谓语动词。句意：诺兰在伦敦长大，从小就对电影制作产生了兴趣。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为raise和主语之间是被动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的过去分词作状语。故填raised。
133．考查连词。句意：他在伦敦大学学院学习英国文学，获得了编剧技巧，并制作了他的第一部电影《跟随》。分析句意可知，gained和made是两个并列动作，所以用连词and来连接。故填and。
134．考查序数词。句意：他的第二部作品《记忆碎片》帮助他获得了国际认可，这是他与兄弟乔纳森·诺兰(Jonathan Nolan)于2000年制作的低成本悬疑电影。分析句意可知，此处用序数词表示这是他的“第二部”作品。故填second。
135．考查强调句式。句意：同上。分析句意再根据上文的It was可知，此处是强调句式，强调的是名词work。故填that。
136．考查定语从句。句意：随后，他改变了自己的职业方向，不再制作独立电影，并因此获得了奥斯卡最佳原创剧本奖提名，转而与专业电影公司合作。此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，且位于介词之后，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
137．考查名词。句意：《黑暗骑士三部曲》(2005年)、《盗梦空间》(2010年)、《星际穿越》(2014年)和《信条》(2020年)等杰作在全球广受欢迎，在过去20年里获得了10多项奥斯卡提名。分析句式结构可知，形容词great应该修饰名词，所以空格处用提示词的名词形式。故填popularity。
138．考查动词时态。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语的位置，再根据in the past 20 years可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，所以谓语动词用动词的过去式形式。故填received。
139．考查动词语态。句意：诺兰的电影通常根植于深刻的主题，探索人类道德、时间的建构和个人身份。分析句意可知，本句的时态用一般现在时来陈述一般情况，又因为root和主语films之间时被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是复数名词，所以be动词用are。故填are rooted。
140．考查形容词。句意：2015年，他被《时代》杂志评为全球100位最具影响力人物之一。2019年，他因对电影的贡献被授予大英帝国司令勋章。分析句式结构可知，修饰名词people应该用形容词，所以空格处用提示词的形容词形式。故填influential。
141．hurricanes 142．on 143．causing 144．which/that 145．an 146．However 147．to stay 148．them 149．anxiously 150．left
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国历史上最具破坏性之一的飓风Katrina对城市造成的影响。
141．考查名词的数。句意：2005年8月下旬，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一——飓风卡Katrina袭击了美国东南部地区。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，故填hurricanes。
142．考查介词。句意：它始于8月23日，一开始只造成了轻微的破坏。在具体某一天，应用介词on，故填on。
143．考查非谓语动词。句意：但是它很快在墨西哥湾的温暖水域上空成长为5级飓风，沿途造成严重破坏。此处是非谓语动词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，主语it和动词cause之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填causing。
144．考查定语从句。句意：新奥尔良，一个建在海平面以下的城市，受灾最严重。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词city，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which来引导定语从句，代替先行词city在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
145．考查冠词。句意：为了应对即将到来的飓风，市政府下令疏散市内所有居民。give an order固定搭配，意为“下命令”，order当“命令”讲时是可数名词。故填an。
146．考查副词。句意：然而，许多人留在了城市里。前后是转折关系，逗号将其与主句隔
开，应用副词however，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
147．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全和健康，但是其他人无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。choose to do固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，故填to stay。
148．考查代词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全和健康，但是其他人无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。此处应用宾格them作宾语，故填them。
149．考查副词。句意：人们被困在城市里，没有电力，食物，或饮用水，焦急地等待救援。此处应用副词anxiously作状语，修饰动词短语wait for，故填anxiously。
150．考查时态。句意：Katrina飓风共造成近2000人死亡，数百万人无家可归。此处是谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，此处和caused是并列关系，应用过去式，故填left。
151．known 152．contributions 153．despite 154．with 155．to be hired 156．although/though 157．a 158．was founded 159．increasingly 160．publishing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚的生平。
151．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚一生接生了5万多名婴儿，为中国的儿童出生做出了巨大贡献。被修饰词Lin Qiaozhi与know之间存在被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
152．考查名词。句意：被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚一生接生了5万多名婴儿，为中国的儿童出生做出了巨大贡献。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词作宾语；固定搭配make contributions to“为……做贡献”。故填contributions。
153．考查介词。句意：年轻的时候，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的道路，她不顾哥哥对高昂学费的抱怨，下定决心要学医。分析句子结构可知，空处应填介词；根据句意可知，此处表示“不管，不顾”。故填despite。
154．考查介词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业后，她获得了文海奖学金——毕业生获得的最高荣誉，她成为了北京协和医院妇产科第一位女住院医师。分析句子结构可知，空处应填介词；根据句意可知，此处表示伴随状态。故填with。
155．考查非谓语动词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业后，她获得了文海奖学金——毕业生
获得的最高荣誉，她成为了北京协和医院妇产科第一位女住院医师。名词前有序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语，且hire与she构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故填to be hired。
156．考查连词。句意：在留学期间，虽然她给学校留下了深刻的印象，也得到了留在美国的机会，但她毫不犹豫地拒绝了，而是回到中国为妇女和儿童服务。分析句子可知，空处应填连词；根据句意前后为让步关系，且在句首。故填although或者though。
157．考查冠词。句意：作为一名医生，她不仅被任命为北京协和医院妇产科的第一位女主任，而且还开设了一家私人诊所，为所有需要帮助的人提供治疗。此处private clinic为泛指“一个私人诊所”，且private是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
158．考查被动语态。句意：新中国成立后，林巧稚的工作越来越繁忙，发挥了越来越重要的作用，因为她担任了许多重要职务。分析句子可知，空处是从句的谓语动词，主语和谓语是被动关系，根据句意为一般过去时，且主语the People’s Republic是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was founded。
159．考查副词。句意：新中国成立后，林巧稚的工作越来越繁忙，发挥了越来越重要的作用，因为她担任了许多重要职务。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词important，由句意可知此处表示“越来越”，所以应用副词。故填increasingly。
160．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，她更热衷于照顾病人，发表关于妇女和儿童护理的医学研究，以及培训新医生。此处作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填publishing。