2024中考英语三轮冲刺之综合填空含解析（外研版英语适用）
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| 名称 | 2024中考英语三轮冲刺之综合填空含解析（外研版英语适用） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-06-09 15:09:43 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024中考英语三轮冲刺之综合填空2
1．
Dave Meko，a scientist at the University of Arizona，noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier.And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly.This was the（1）b of a serious drought（干旱）.Everyone began asking，"How long will it last？"Meko believed that he could find the (2) a in the trees.
Meko is a tree﹣ring expert.He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change.Each year，a tree adds a new layer of wood.These layers look like a series of rings.During times of （3）h rainfall，a ring is wide.When there is a shortage of water，a ring is narrow.These rings are nature's record of rainfall and climate change.
Meko and his team（4）q started a new research project.Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted.The team collected as many old wood samples as possible.They tested wood samples from 1，200 years ago until the（5） p .When they examined the rings，the news about rainfall in the past was.not good.
Meko's research showed that，the 20th century was an unusually wet time.Trees from this period had wide，healthy rings.Rain was plentiful（6）d that century，millions of people moved to the region.Before that time，however，the rings showed that droughts occurred on a regular basis.In （7）f ，drought was part of the usual climate pattern.There were severe droughts in the 900s，the 1100s，and the late 1200s.
Human history seems to substantiate Meko's findings.The native Anasazi （8）l in this area for hundreds of years，starting around 500 AD.They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops.However，at the end of the 13th century，the Anasazi
（9）s left the area.Experts do not know exactly why the Anasazi left.They think it was (10)b there was no longer enough water to farm.And Meko's tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time.
How long will the current drought last？Using nature's code from the past，experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years.
2．
Have you ever wondered what PE classes are like in other countries？In China，PE tests are required to graduate（毕业）from b（1） middle school and high school.To get good grades on the PE tests，Chinese students will need to p（2） running and doing sit﹣ups and pull﹣ups （引体向上）.H（3） ，this is not the way that PE classes work in US high schools.
In my high school，we are required to take two semesters（学期）of PE to graduate.We play real sports during PE classes，such as basketball and v（4） .There are also some other typical（种类）American sports that we often play，such as kickball and dodgeball（躲避球）.I didn't know the r（5） of kickball and dodgeball when I first came to the US.The teacher allowed me to sit on the sidelines and w（6） how other students played it in order to let me figure out（弄清楚）the rules.
We also learn some useful life skills in PE.Last year，I learned how to do CPR（心肺复苏），which is a life﹣saving skill.We were also taught how to p（7） first aid to someone who is choking（室息）.These skills are a large part of the final grade for the PE class in my
h（8） school.Self﹣defense（自卫）is taught in PE class as w（9） .This includes some tackwondo（跆拳道），karate（空手道）skills and Chinese kung fu.It is practical.
I p（10） PE classes in the US to the ones in China.I think they are more fun and useful.What do you think？
3．
This is the year 2070.I have just turned 50，but I look like a person of 85.I suffer from serious kidney（肾脏）problems because I don't have enough water to drink.I'm afraid I don't have much time left to live.I am already one of the（1）o people in this society.
I remember when I was five years old，everything was very（2）d .There were lots of trees in the parks.I could enjoy a shower for half an hour.At that time，women had beautiful hair.Now，we have to shave our heads to keep them clean（3）w the use of water.
I remember there were"Save Water"warnings in many public places，but nobody paid （4）a .We believed water would last forever.Now，all the rivers and lakes are either dry or polluted.Water is much more （5）e than gold and diamonds.
Without water，almost all factories are closed.Most people are unemployed.Those who have a job work in desalination（海水脱盐）plants and are paid with drinkable water rather than with money.
In the past，doctors（6）s adults drink eight glasses of water a day.Nowadays，I am only allowed half a glass.Most people are weak.Young people in their early 20s look as if they were in their 40s.
Because there are（7）f trees，we don't have enough oxygen.We have to pay for air.The air is not of very good quality，but at least we can breathe.Poor people die young.The average life expectancy（预期寿命）is 40 years.
When my son asks me about my childhood，I tell him about how（8）p it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were.When he asks，"（9）W is there no clean water now？"，I feel guilty（内疚）.I belong to the generation who turned a blind eye to all the warnings.
I wish this letter could travel back in time and that it would make people living in the 2020s（10）t understand the importance of saving water.
4．
Alicia Waters Galan is litter﹣picking all the way from her home in Spain to Paris.She is heading to Change NOW 2024，an event where people will come together to （1）f _____ solutions for climate change.It starts on 24 April.Alicia is raising (2) m_______ for Kids Against Plastic （an environmental charity） and she's calling her adventure Pick 2 Paris.
Alicia began to be a volunteer after （3）v an aquarium（水族馆）.There she learned that some fish were （4）d because of eating plastic in the rivers and oceans.
Through litter picking she says，"I can see the difference I'm making".Her（5）a ______ for other young people interested in volunteering is， "Wear gloves，bring a litter picker，go with an adult but don't pick up anything sharp or （6）d ".
When it comes to balancing (7) e work with schoolwork，Alicia says，"Yes，I'm active in working as a volunteer，but I'm also a （8）s .School first，then volunteering."
By sharing her environmental work with teachers，Alicia wants to （9）e others to join in.In fact，her last school day before she sets off to Paris，her (10) c and teachers will do a whole school litter pick.
You can find out more at superkind.org/ fundraiser/pick﹣2﹣paris
5．
If a person wants to be a gentleman，he should pay attention to what he does and says.Then what are the r（1） for a gentleman on words and actions？
In the West，some people believe that how someone says something is more
i（2）___________than what he says.H（3） ，most Chinese don't think so.Let's find out the answers from Confucius，one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.
Confucius believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully，even i（4）f that may make people feel bored.He believed that words are important so they should
f（5）______etiquette（规矩）.But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do：work hard.He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve t（6） .These rules for gentlemen's words and actions have influenced Chinese people f（7） a long time.Today，many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical（务实的） spirit rather than say pleasant words.
Of course as culture has d（8） over time，we should a（9） view his words critically（批判性地）.Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a s（10） of wisdom.
6．
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month.This day is always the first full moon in the new year.Ancient people also（1）c it Shangyuan Festival.Celebrations and （2）t on this day began from the Han Dynasty （朝代） and became popular in the Tang Dynasty.Watching the red （3）1 is one of the main traditions.Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees，or （4）a river banks on show.It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble.Today，when the lanterns slowly（5）r into the air，people make wishes.
Another tradition is （6）g lantern riddles（谜语）.The riddles are usually short，wise，and sometimes humorous（幽默的）.The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character（汉字），a famous person's name，or a name of a place.
The most（7）i thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes，because they are symbols of reunion and wishes for good luck.In northern China，they are called yuanxiao （8）w in southern part they're named tangyuan.Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity，they are usually done happily by a group of friends or （9）r .In old times，the Lantern Festival was also romantic（浪漫的）.
（10）W lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other.A line from Xin Qiji，a poet during the Song Dynasty，shows this：
Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd.Suddenly I turned，and there she stood，in the dim light.
7．
It might be fun to use your smartphone，but be careful.Too much screen time may be （1） h to your health.
First，it is bad for your eyes.A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out.Looking at a smartphone for a long time can（2） c eye strain（劳损），headaches and dry eyes.So it is a good idea to take a
3）b every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second，screen use can do harm to children's brains.A new （4） s shows that using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow.If children use screens for （5）m than one hour a day，they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains.White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills.（6）S it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third，using screens too much will affect your （7）s .According to a survey，about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed，（8）e the young people under 20.Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you（9） e before you go to bed.Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.So you'd better turn off smartphones，TVs，and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy，doctors and researchers strongly（10） a that you shouldn't use screens for long hours.In this way，you can protect your health.
8．
Do you know any Chinese"chengyu"about dragons？The Year of the Dragon is one of Chinese people's （1）f years because they believe dragons can bring good luck.
The Records of Sanqin is a book writen in the Han dynasty and it （2）i a story The Carp（鲤鱼） Jumped over the Dragon's Gate.In the old days，the dragon's gate was in the East China Sea.In this （3）a ，the rushing water made a waterfall.The ruler Dayu wanted to （4）p one carp to be a gatekeeper if it could jump over the dragon's gate.Every spring，craps swam to the dragon's gate to jump over it.It was difficult because the gate was high and strong.Some carps swam （5）r hard and tried to jump high.But most of （6）t fell down into the river and gave up.Only one carp tried and tried again.At last，it （7）m to jump over it with the help of water.It touched Dayu a lot and he gave the carp a red print（印记） on its head.Amazingly，it （8）t the special carp into a dragon.In fact，the story of the carp jumping over the dragon's gate is about the little fish （9）w a big dream.It offers us a wonderful （10）l .Let's be brave like the carp，and jump over the dragon's gate in our daily life.
9．
Every year，there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world.These disasters kill 90，000 people.Other 200 million people were seriously hurt.When people know a storm is coming，they leave for shelters or s （1） areas.But what happens to the animals？
D （2） for Animals
During storms and other disasters，animals cannot usually go to shelters without help.Storms can hurt animals in different ways.High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats.Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish.Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don't people take their animals with them？Some shelters don't have enough space or don't take pets.Sometimes，t （3） things can happen.In 2005，600，000 pets died in New Orleans，USA，during Hurricane（飓风） Katrina because their owners left them behind.The animals couldn't swim.They didn't have food，either.
Ways to Help
Many people help animals before，during，and after disasters.Before storms，some volunteers w （4） people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters.During a storm，they look for animals and save them.Some volunteers also help wild animals，such as birds，deer and even koalas in Australia.They give the animals m （5） care.After the storm，many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded.High water is very dirty and can make animals sick.They give the animals medicine.They help the animals feel better.
R （6） to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people.Most people don't want animals to die.It's expensive to lose farm animals.Also，dead animals bring disease.In addition，some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.T （7） ，taking care of animals during storms is important.This helps the animals，and it helps people，too.
10．
If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing's Sanlitun area，sanitation （环卫） worker Zhang Jianna may be your helpful （1）g .
Zhang is a 50﹣year﹣old migrant worker from Hebei Province.She has worked as a waitress and a sales clerk in Beijing.In 2012，she became a sanitation worker in Sanlitun.
There are many embassies （大使馆） in the area.One day in 2014，a foreigner walked up to Zhang（2）o an embassy.He asked her some questions，but she couldn't understand him.The two looked confusedly at each other.After high school，Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge.That day，she（3）d to relearn the language.
Zhang began to study her children's English textbooks.She memorized the words at night and repeated them the next morning.In her free time，she used some apps on her smartphone to learn English.She also practiced English（4）c with her children.
Zhang's efforts have paid off.Now，she can pronounce（5）c and talk fluently（流利地）to English﹣speaking tourists.She can help them with directions and give information about the city.Zhang is in charge of a sanitation team.They （6）n to clean more than 100，000 square meters of road.They also clean more than three hundred （7）w_______ bins near 56 embassies.Zhang has learned the English names of all these embassies as well.
"English is like a （8）b ，"said Zhang."It helps me （9）i Beijing to the world."The hardworking sanitation worker even （10）p to study a new language in the future."I've heard that French is beautiful，and I'd like to learn it!"
11．
The film Blossoms directed by Wang Jiawei was a great success.The film based upon Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms drew a lot of attention and （1）p with a high score of 9.5 on the Internet.
Jin Yucheng，the 9th Mao Dun Literature Prize winner，is （2）f for his novel Blossoms.To Shanghai art lovers，he is also a skilled painter.
On November 25，2023，Jin Yucheng opened an exhibition（展览）at the Bund One Museum in Shanghai.It （3）l until January 28，2024.At the exhibition，people could see more than 200 paintings， （4）i 40 illustrations（插图）of the novel Blossoms.
Titled "Blossoms"，the exhibition took the same name as the novel for （5）w Jin won the Mao Dun Prize.The 71﹣year﹣old writer was an editor of the Shanghai Literature magazine.In the book，he describes the local lives from the 1960s to the 1990s.With wide use of the local Shanghai dialect （方言），Blossoms won nearly all the top prizes in Chinese literature shortly after it （6）c out in 2012.
When asked about his early connection to art，Jin （7）r ， "It all related to a book of Tutorial Pen Drawings for the Architecture Department in the 1970s." At that time，Jin was one of young Chinese people sent to work in the countryside of Heilongjiang Province.He could not remember how often he studied the book in the dormitory （宿舍） of a farm in northeast China.After （8）r to Shanghai in 1976，Jin worked in a clock and watch （9）f ，and he learned mechanical（机械的）drawing for half a year，which was suitable for his painting skills.
The exhibition for Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms （10）s brought the story to life and gave readers a deeper understanding of the culture and traditions of Shanghai.In it，visitors could see how Jin's writing and painting had influenced each other.Besides，they could also appreciate the beauty of everyday life and experience the city through the eyes of the artist.
12．
One day，while I was walking along a beach，I saw the footprints of a man in the sand!I was very （1）s ，and also afraid.Was there another person on my island？
I （2）l around and listened carefully，but I couldn't see or hear anyone.I （3）h back to my castle and pulled the ladder up behind me.I was very worried and I didn't go out for three days.I couldn't （4）f the footprints.
"Perhaps someone from the mainland came in a boat and then left again，"I thought.But if that's （5）t ，why do they come？Do they want to kill me？"
Suddenly I didn't feel （6）s any more.On the third day I had to go out to get some food and milk the goats.I didn't see anyone and I began to feel less frightened.But the next day I started to （7）b another stronger fence around my castle.
I was also worried about my goats.
"I don't want the savages（野蛮人） to find them，"I thought."I must find a safer （8）p_______ for them.I'm going to start looking for one tomorrow.During the following weeks I walked all over the island.One day when I was exploring the west part，I had a very unpleasant （9）e .From the top of a hill I saw a boat on the sea.It was going towards the land in the distance.When I walked （10）d the hill to the beach，I saw something that made me feel ill.The sand was covered in bones and pieces of men's bodies!
I thanked God that I was not like them.I felt very angry and I wanted to kill them.
﹣﹣Taken from Robinson Crusoe
答案详解
1．
Dave Meko，a scientist at the University of Arizona，noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier.And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly.This was the（1）b eginning of a serious drought（干旱）.Everyone began asking，"How long will it last？"Meko believed that he could find the (2) answer in the trees.
Meko is a tree﹣ring expert.He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change.Each year，a tree adds a new layer of wood.These layers look like a series of rings.During times of （3）h eavy rainfall，a ring is wide.When there is a shortage of water，a ring is narrow.These rings are nature's record of rainfall and climate change.
Meko and his team（4）quickly started a new research project.Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted.The team collected as many old wood samples as possible.They tested wood samples from 1，200 years ago until the（5） p resent .When they examined the rings，the news about rainfall in the past was.not good.
Meko's research showed that，the 20th century was an unusually wet time.Trees from this period had wide，healthy rings.Rain was plentiful d（6） uring that century，millions of people moved to the region.Before that time，however，the rings showed that droughts occurred on a regular basis.In （7）fact，drought was part of the usual climate pattern.There were severe droughts in the 900s，the 1100s，and the late 1200s.
Human history seems to substantiate Meko's findings.The native Anasazi （8）lived in this area for hundreds of years，starting around 500 AD.They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops.However，at the end of the 13th century，the Anasazi （9）s uddenly left the area.Experts do not know exactly why the Anasazi left.They think it was (10)because there was no longer enough water to farm.And Meko's tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time.
How long will the current drought last？Using nature's code from the past，experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years.
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：这是严重干旱的开始。根据本空前的内容可知，作者提到了一些严重干旱的迹象，加上首字母s的提示，本空填beginning 开始。故答案为：beginning。
（2）考查名词。句意：Meko认为他可以找到答案。根据前面的asks, 这里answer.答案为:answer
（3）考查形容词。句意：在降雨量大的时候，年轮会很宽。根据下一句对比可知，本空在描述降雨量大，加上首字母h的提示，本空填heavy，heavy rainfall是常用表达，意思是大雨、暴雨。故答案为：heavy。
（4）考察副词。句意：Meko和他的团队迅速开始了一个新的研究项目.答案:quickly
（5）考查名词。句意：他们检测了从1200年前到现在的木材样本。根据本段主要研究是通过研究这些年来的年轮，加上首字母p的提示，本空填present 现在，故答案为：present。
（6）考查介词。句意：那个世纪雨水充沛，数百万人迁居到这个地区。根据句意加上首字母d的提示可知，本空填during 在...期间。故答案为：during。
（7）考查名词。句意：事实上,干旱是通常气候模式的一部分。根据固定搭配:in fact答案为：fact。
（8）考察动词。句意：土生土长的阿纳萨齐人在这个地区生活了数百年。答案：lived
（9）考查副词。句意：然而，在13世纪末，阿纳萨齐人突然离开了这个地区。根据提示用副词suddenly突然。故答案为：suddenly。
（10）考查连词。他们认为这是因为不再有足够的水来耕种。答案为：because。
2．
Have you ever wondered what PE classes are like in other countries？In China，PE tests are required to graduate（毕业）from b（1） oth middle school and high school.To get good grades on the PE tests，Chinese students will need to p（2） ractise running and doing sit﹣ups and pull﹣ups （引体向上）.H（3） owever ，this is not the way that PE classes work in US high schools.
In my high school，we are required to take two semesters（学期）of PE to graduate.We play real sports during PE classes，such as basketball and v（4） olleyball .There are also some other typical（种类）American sports that we often play，such as kickball and dodgeball（躲避球）.I didn't know the r（5） ules of kickball and dodgeball when I first came to the US.The teacher allowed me to sit on the sidelines and w（6） atch how other students played it in order to let me figure out（弄清楚）the rules.
We also learn some useful life skills in PE.Last year，I learned how to do CPR（心肺复苏），which is a life﹣saving skill.We were also taught how to p（7） rovide first aid to someone who is choking（室息）.These skills are a large part of the final grade for the PE class in my h（8） igh school.Self﹣defense（自卫）is taught in PE class as w（9） ell .This includes some tackwondo（跆拳道），karate（空手道）skills and Chinese kung fu.It is practical.
I p（10） refer PE classes in the US to the ones in China.I think they are more fun and useful.What do you think？
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：在中国，从初中到高中毕业时都需要体育考试。both...and...两者都，固定短语。故填both。
（2）考查动词。句意：未来在体育课取得好成绩，中国学生需要练习跑步和做引体向上。need to do需要做，根据首字母和句意，可知此处指"练习"。故填practise。
（3）考查副词。句意：然而，这不是美国高中体育课的上课方式。根据本句与上句的逻辑关系，可知此处表转折，句首首字母大写。故填However。
（4）考查名词。句意：我们在体育课时做运动，例如篮球和排球。根据basketball and（篮球和）和首字母，可知此处指"排球"。故填volleyball。
（5）考查名词。句意：当我刚到美国时，我不知道踢球和躲避球的规则。根据句意和首字母可知此处表示"规则"，名词复数表一类。故填rules。
（6）考查动词。句意：老师让我坐在边线，看其他同学怎么打，为了让我弄清楚规则。根据allowed me to sit on the sidelines（让我坐在边线）可知此处需用动词原形。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"观看"。故填watch。
（7）考查动词。句意：我们也学习如何在某人窒息时提供急救。不定式to后面用动词原形。根据句意和首字母，可知此处考查provide，意为"提供"。故填provide。
（8）考查形容词。句意：这些技能是我高中体育课期末成绩的重要组成部分。根据首字母和句意，可知此处指"高中"。故填high。
（9）考查副词。句意：自卫也是体育课上学的。as well也，固定短语。故填well。
（10）考查动词。句意：比起中国的体育课，我更喜欢美国的体育课。prefer...to...，意为"比起......更喜欢......."，根据全文时态一致原则，可知此处用一般现在时。主语是I，动词用原形。故填prefer。
3．
This is the year 2070.I have just turned 50，but I look like a person of 85.I suffer from serious kidney（肾脏）problems because I don't have enough water to drink.I'm afraid I don't have much time left to live.I am already one of the（1）o ldest people in this society.
I remember when I was five years old，everything was very（2）different.There were lots of trees in the parks.I could enjoy a shower for half an hour.At that time，women had beautiful hair.Now，we have to shave our heads to keep them clean（3）w ithout the use of water.
I remember there were"Save Water"warnings in many public places，but nobody paid （4）attention.We believed water would last forever.Now，all the rivers and lakes are either dry or polluted.Water is much more （5）expensive than gold and diamonds.
Without water，almost all factories are closed.Most people are unemployed.Those who have a job work in desalination（海水脱盐）plants and are paid with drinkable water rather than with money.
In the past，doctors（6）s uggested adults drink eight glasses of water a day.Nowadays，I am only allowed half a glass.Most people are weak.Young people in their early 20s look as if they were in their 40s.
Because there are（7）f ew trees，we don't have enough oxygen.We have to pay for air.The air is not of very good quality，but at least we can breathe.Poor people die young.The average life expectancy（预期寿命）is 40 years.
When my son asks me about my childhood，I tell him about how（8）p leasant it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were.When he asks，"（9）Why is there no clean water now？"，I feel guilty（内疚）.I belong to the generation who turned a blind eye to all the warnings.
I wish this letter could travel back in time and that it would make people living in the 2020s（10）t ruly understand the importance of saving water.
【解答】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：我已经是这个社会最老的人之一。one of+最高级+名词复数，意为"最......之一"。根据I have just turned 50（我刚刚50岁）和The average life expectancy（预期寿命）is 40 years.（平均寿命是40岁。）可知作者是最老的之一。故填oldest。
（2）考察形容词。所有东西都不相同。填different
（3）考查介词。句意：现在我们必须剃光头以保证不用水的情况下干净。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"没有"。故填without。
（4）考查名词。句意：但是没有人注意。填attention.
（5）考察形容词。句意：水比黄金和钻石贵得多。填：expensive。
（6）考查动词。句意：医生建议成年人每天喝八杯水。根据in the past, 故填suggested。
（7）考查代词。句意：因为几乎没有树，我们没有足够的氧气。根据we don't have enough oxygen（我们没有足够的氧气）可知几乎没树。few几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数名词复数。故填few。
（8）考查形容词。句意：当我的儿子问我小时候的事情时，我告诉她在河边钓鱼很快乐，人们有多么健康。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"愉快的"。故填pleasant。
（9）考察疑问词。句意：为什么现在没有干净的水。填：why
（10）考查副词。句意：我希望这封信可以及时回到过去，它可以使生活在21世纪20年代的人真正地理解节约用水的重要性。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"真正地"，此处用副词修饰动词understand。故填truly。
4．
Alicia Waters Galan is litter﹣picking all the way from her home in Spain to Paris.She is heading to Change NOW 2024，an event where people will come together to （1）f ind solutions for climate change.It starts on 24 April.Alicia is raising (2) money for Kids Against Plastic （an environmental charity） and she's calling her adventure Pick 2 Paris.
Alicia began to be a volunteer after （3）v isiting an aquarium（水族馆）.There she learned that some fish were （4）d ead because of eating plastic in the rivers and oceans.
Through litter picking she says， "I can see the difference I'm making".Her （5）a dvice for other young people interested in volunteering is， "Wear gloves，bring a litter picker，go with an adult but don't pick up anything sharp or （6）d angerous ".
When it comes to balancing (7) environmental work with schoolwork，Alicia says，"Yes，I'm active in working as a volunteer，but I'm also a （8）s tudent .School first，then volunteering."
By sharing her environmental work with teachers，Alicia wants to （9）e ncourage others to join in.In fact，her last school day before she sets off to Paris，her (10) classmates and teachers will do a whole school litter pick.
You can find out more at superkind.org/ fundraiser/pick﹣2﹣paris
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：她将参加2024年"改变现在"，这是一个人们将聚集在一起寻找气候变化解决方案的活动。根据solutions for climate change（气候变化的解决方案）可知此处是指寻找气候变化解决方案的活动。不定式表目的。故填find。
（2）考查动名词。句意：艾丽西亚正在为 Kids Against Plastic 筹集资金。填money
（3）考查动名词。句意：艾丽西娅在参观水族馆后开始做志愿者。根据There she learned that some fish were dead .（在那里，她了解到有些鱼因为吃了河流和海洋中的塑料而死亡。）可知此处是指参观了一个水族馆。介词after接动名词。故填visiting。
（4）考查形容词。句意：在那里，她了解到有些鱼因为吃了河流和海洋中的塑料而死亡。根据because of eating plastic in the rivers and oceans（因为吃了河流和海洋中的塑料）可知此处是指鱼死亡率。be+形容词。故填dead。
（5）考查名词。句意：她给其他对志愿服务感兴趣的年轻人的建议是："戴上手套，带一个捡垃圾的人，和一个成年人一起去，但不要捡任何尖锐或危险的东西。"
根据Wear gloves，bring a litter picker，go with an adult（戴上手套，带上捡垃圾的人，和成年人一起去）可知这是她给其他对志愿服务感兴趣的年轻人的建议。advice是不可数名词。故填advice。
（6）考查形容词。句意：她给其他对志愿服务感兴趣的年轻人的建议是："戴上手套，带一个捡垃圾的人，和一个成年人一起去，但不要捡任何尖锐或危险的东西。"根据don't pick up anything sharp or（不要捡尖锐或者……）可知是指不要捡任何尖锐或危险的东西。故填dangerous。
（7）考查形容词。句意：在平衡环境工作与学业方面。environmental修饰后面的work。所以填environmental
（8）考查名词。句意：当谈到平衡环境工作和学业时，艾丽西亚说："是的，我积极参与志愿者工作，但我也是一名学生。根据School first，then volunteering.（上学第一，然后做志愿者。）可知此处是指但我也是一名学生。故填student。
（9）考查动词。句意：通过与老师们分享她的环保工作，艾丽西娅想鼓励其他人加入进来。根据others to join in（其他人加入进来）可知艾丽西娅想鼓励其他人加入进来。want to do sth"想做某事"。故填encourage。
（10）考察名词。句意：她的同学和老师将进行全校垃圾捡拾。根据首字母c以及后面的teachers,可知此空填classmates
5．
If a person wants to be a gentleman，he should pay attention to what he does and says.Then what are the r（1） ules for a gentleman on words and actions？
In the West，some people believe that how someone says something is more i（2） mportant than what he says.H（3） owever ，most Chinese don't think so.Let's find out the answers from Confucius，one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.
Confucius believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully，even i（4） f that may make people feel bored.He believed that words are important so they should f（5） ollow etiquette（规矩）.But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do：work hard.He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve t（6） hemselves .These rules for gentlemen's words and actions have influenced Chinese people f（7） or a long time.Today，many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical（务实的） spirit rather than say pleasant words.
Of course as culture has d（8） eveloped over time，we should a（9） lso view his words critically（批判性地）.Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a s（10） ymbol of wisdom.
【分析】本文介绍了成为绅士的言行准则，引用了孔子的观点，强调谨慎选择言辞和勤奋努力的重要性。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：那么，绅士的言行准则是什么呢？根据"for a gentleman on words and actions"（绅士的言行准则是什么呢？）可知是绅士的言行准则，rule"准则"，此处用名词复数。故填rules。
（2）考查形容词。句意：在西方，有些人认为一个人说话的方式比他说什么更重要。根据"how someone says something is more...than what he says"（有些人认为一个人说话的方式比他说什么更重要。）可知是说话方式比说什么更重要，important"重要的"。故填important。
（3）考查连词。句意：然而，大多数中国人并不这么认为。此处和前文是转折关系，用however连接。故填However。
（4）考查连词。句意：孔子认为，君子应该谨慎措辞，即使这会让人感到厌烦。前后两句是让步关系，用even if引导让步状语从句。故填if。
（5）考查动词。句意：他认为语言很重要，所以应该遵守礼节。根据"should...etiquette"（应该遵守礼节）可知应该遵守礼节，follow"遵守"，情态动词后加动词原形。故填follow。
（6）考查代词。句意：他说，绅士们不应该懒惰，需要专注于工作来提高自己。根据"gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve"（绅士们不应该懒惰，需要专注于工作来提高自己。）可知是绅士们要专注于工作提高自己，用反身代词themselves"他们自己"。故填themselves。
（7）考查介词。句意：这些君子言行的规矩，影响了中国人很长一段时间。空后是时间段，用介词for。故填for。
（8）考查动词。句意：当然，随着文化的发展，我们也应该批判性地看待他的话。根据"as culture has...over time"（随着文化的发展，我们也应该批判性地看待他的话。）可知文化随着时间发展，develop"发展"，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填developed。
（9）考查副词。句意：当然，随着文化的发展，我们也应该批判性地看待他的话。根据"we should...view his words critically"（我们也应该批判性地看待他的话可知也要批判性地看待他的话，also"也"。故填also。
（10）考查名词。句意：根据情况选择我们的言行也是智慧的象征。根据"Choosing our words and actions...of wisdom"（根据情况选择我们的言行也是智慧的象征。）可知根据情况选择我们的言行也是智慧的象征，a symbol of"……的象征"。故填symbol。
6．
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month.This day is always the first full moon in the new year.Ancient people also（1）c alled it Shangyuan Festival.Celebrations and （2）t raditions on this day began from the Han Dynasty （朝代） and became popular in the Tang Dynasty.Watching the red （3）1 anterns is one of the main traditions.Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees，or （4）a long river banks on show.It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble.Today，when the lanterns slowly（5）r ise into the air，people make wishes.
Another tradition is （6）g uessing lantern riddles（谜语）.The riddles are usually short，wise，and sometimes humorous（幽默的）.The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character（汉字），a famous person's name，or a name of a place.
The most（7）i mportant thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes，because they are symbols of reunion and wishes for good luck.In northern China，they are called yuanxiao （8）w hile in southern part they're named tangyuan.Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity，they are usually done happily by a group of friends or （9）r elatives .In old times，the Lantern Festival was also romantic（浪漫的）.（10）W atching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other.A line from Xin Qiji，a poet during the Song Dynasty，shows this：
Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd.Suddenly I turned，and there she stood，in the dim light.
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：古人也称之为上元节。根据句意可知，句子为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填called。
（2）考查名词。句意：这一天的庆祝活动和传统始于汉代，并在唐代开始流行。根据句意可知，此处意为"庆祝活动和传统始于汉代"，此处泛指传统，所以使用名词的复数形式。故填traditions。
（3）考查名词。句意：看红灯笼是主要传统之一。根据句意，此处意为"看红灯笼"，使用可数名词的复数形式。故填lanterns。
（4）考查介词。句意：不同形状和大小的灯笼通常被放在树上，或者沿着河岸展示。根据句意可知，此处意为"沿着河岸展示"，使用along。故填along。
（5）考查动词。句意：今天，当灯笼慢慢升到空中时，人们会许愿。根据句意可知，句子为一般现在时，主语为lanterns，所以动词用原形。故填rise。
（6）考查动名词。句意：另一个传统是猜灯谜。根据句意可知，此处意为"另一个传统是猜灯谜"，使用动名词形式做表语。故填guessing。
（7）考查形容词。句意：最重要的是吃不同口味的汤圆，因为它们是团圆的象征和好运的祝愿。根据句意可知，此处意为"最重要的事情"，使用形容词的最高级作定语。故填important。
（8）考查连词。句意：在中国北方，它们被称为元宵，而在南方，它们被称为汤圆。根据句意可知，此处意为"然而"，表对比转折。故填while。
（9）考查名词。句意：因为包汤圆就像一个游戏或一项活动，通常由一群朋友或亲戚愉快地完成。根据句意可知，此处意为"由一群朋友或亲戚愉快地完成"，使用名词复数形式。故填relatives。
（10）考查动名词。句意：看灯笼给了年轻人一个互相认识的机会。根据句意可知，此处使用动名词作主语。故填Watching。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
7．
It might be fun to use your smartphone，but be careful.Too much screen time may be （1） harmful to your health.
First，it is bad for your eyes.A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out.Looking at a smartphone for a long time can（2） c ause eye strain（劳损），headaches and dry eyes.So it is a good idea to take a （3）b reak every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second，screen use can do harm to children's brains.A new （4） study shows that using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow.If children use screens for （5）more than one hour a day，they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains.White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills.（6）So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third，using screens too much will affect your （7）s leep .According to a survey，about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed，（8）especially the young people under 20.Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you（9） e xcited before you go to bed.Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.So you'd better turn off smartphones，TVs，and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy，doctors and researchers strongly（10） a dvise that you shouldn't use screens for long hours.In this way，you can protect your health.
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：看屏幕时间过长可能对你的健康有害。根据Too much screen time may be...to your health.（看屏幕时间过长可能对你的健康......）可知，看屏幕时间过长对健康有害。be harmful to对......有害。故填harmful。
（2）考查动词。句意：长时间看智能手机会导致眼睛劳损、头痛和眼睛干涩。根据Looking at a smartphone for a long time can...eye strain（劳损），headaches and dry eyes.（长时间看智能手机会.......眼睛劳损、头痛和眼睛干涩。）可知，长时间看智能手机会导致眼睛劳损、头痛和眼睛干涩。cause导致，符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填cause。
（3）考查名词。句意：所以，当你在电脑前工作或使用智能手机时，每隔15分钟休息一下是个好主意。take a break休息一下，是固定搭配，是指每隔15分钟要休息一下。故填break。
（4）考查名词。句意：一项新的研究表明，过度使用屏幕会影响儿童大脑的发育。根据using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow.（过度使用屏幕会影响儿童大脑的发育。）可知，这是一项新的研究发现。空前有A，用名词study（研究）符合语境。故填study。
（5）考查形容词。句意：如果儿童每天使用屏幕超过 1 小时。固定搭配超过more than。后面有than，前面是m开头,所以填more。
（6）考查连词。承接，填so
（7）考查名词。句意：第三，过度使用屏幕会影响你的睡眠。根据后文Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.（然后你很难在晚上得到足够的休息。）可知，过度使用屏幕会影响你的睡眠。sleep睡眠，是不可数名词，符合语境。故填sleep。
（8）考查副词。句意：尤其是20岁以下的年轻人。尤其，应填especially。
（9）考查形容词。句意：医生说，这些电子设备在晚上发出的光可能会让你在睡觉前感到兴奋。Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.（然后你很难在晚上得到足够的休息。）结合常识可知，电子设备晚上发出的光会让你在睡觉前感到兴奋。make sb.+adj.表示"让某人......"，修饰人，用形容词excited（兴奋的）。故填excited。
（10）考查动词。句意：为了保持健康，医生和研究人员强烈建议人们不要长时间使用屏幕。根据副词strongly可知，该空是动词，是指医生和研究人员强烈建议人们不要长时间使用屏幕。advise建议，动词，符合语境。故填advise。
8．
Do you know any Chinese"chengyu"about dragons？The Year of the Dragon is one of Chinese people's （1）f avorite years because they believe dragons can bring good luck.
The Records of Sanqin is a book writen in the Han dynasty and it （2）i ntroduces a story The Carp（鲤鱼） Jumped over the Dragon's Gate.In the old days，the dragon's gate was in the East China Sea.In this （3）a rea ，the rushing water made a waterfall.The ruler Dayu wanted to （4）p ick one carp to be a gatekeeper if it could jump over the dragon's gate.Every spring，craps swam to the dragon's gate to jump over it.It was difficult because the gate was high and strong.Some carps swam （5）r eally hard and tried to jump high.But most of （6）t hem fell down into the river and gave up.Only one carp tried and tried again.At last，it （7）m anaged to jump over it with the help of water.It touched Dayu a lot and he gave the carp a red print（印记） on its head.Amazingly，it （8）t urned the special carp into a dragon.In fact，the story of the carp jumping over the dragon's gate is about the little fish （9）w ith a big dream.It offers us a wonderful （10）l esson .Let's be brave like the carp，and jump over the dragon's gate in our daily life.
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：龙年是中国人最喜欢的年份之一，因为他们相信龙能带来好运。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填favorite（最喜欢的），故填favorite。
（2）考查动词第三人称单数。句意：《三秦志》是汉代的一本书，介绍了鲤鱼跳龙门的故事。结合语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般现在时，主语it第三人称单数形式，空缺处应填动词第三人称单数形式introduces（介绍），故填introduces。
（3）考查名词。句意：在这个地区，湍急的水流形成了瀑布。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填area（地区），故填area。
（4）考查动词。句意：统治者大禹想选一条鲤鱼当守门人，如果它能跳过龙门的话。want to do sth.想做某事；结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填动词pick（挑选），故填pick。
（5）考查副词。句意：有些鲤鱼游得很费劲，还试着跳得很高。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填really（很），故填really。
（6）考查动词宾格。句意：但它们中的大多数掉进河里放弃了。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填them（它们）指代鲤鱼，故填them。
（7）考查动词过去式。句意：最后，在水的帮助下它应对跳过了龙门。结合语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般过去时，空缺处应填动词过去式managed（应付），故填managed。
（8）考查动词过去式。句意：令人惊奇的是，它把这条特殊的鲤鱼变成了一条龙。结合语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般过去时，空缺处动词过去式应填turned（变成），故填turned。
（9）考查介词。句意：事实上，鲤鱼跳龙门的故事是关于小鱼儿的一个大梦想。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填介词with表示伴随，故填with。
（10）考查名词。句意：它给我们上了一堂精彩的课。结合语境及首字母提示，再结合空前不定冠词a，空缺处应填单数名词lesson（课），故填lesson。
9．
Every year，there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world.These disasters kill 90，000 people.Other 200 million people were seriously hurt.When people know a storm is coming，they leave for shelters or s （1） afe areas.But what happens to the animals？
D （2） anger for Animals
During storms and other disasters，animals cannot usually go to shelters without help.Storms can hurt animals in different ways.High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats.Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish.Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don't people take their animals with them？Some shelters don't have enough space or don't take pets.Sometimes，t （3） errible things can happen.In 2005，600，000 pets died in New Orleans，USA，during Hurricane（飓风） Katrina because their owners left them behind.The animals couldn't swim.They didn't have food，either.
Ways to Help
Many people help animals before，during，and after disasters.Before storms，some volunteers w （4） arn people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters.During a storm，they look for animals and save them.Some volunteers also help wild animals，such as birds，deer and even koalas in Australia.They give the animals m （5） edical care.After the storm，many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded.High water is very dirty and can make animals sick.They give the animals medicine.They help the animals feel better.
R （6） easons to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people.Most people don't want animals to die.It's expensive to lose farm animals.Also，dead animals bring disease.In addition，some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.T （7） herefore ，taking care of animals during storms is important.This helps the animals，and it helps people，too.
【解答】 （1）考查形容词。句意：当人们知道风暴即将来临时，他们会前往避难所或安全区域。根据When people know a storm is coming，（当人们知道风暴即将来临时，）结合首字母可知空处应填：安全的，故填：safe。
（2）考查名词。句意：对动物的危险。根据During storms and other disasters，animals cannot usually go to shelters without help.（在风暴和其他灾害期间，动物通常无法在没有帮助的情况下进入避难所。）结合首字母可知空处应填：危险，句子首字母大写，故填：Danger。
（3）考查形容词。句意：有时，可怕的事情会发生。根据In 2005，600，000 pets died in New Orleans，USA，during Hurricane（飓风） Katrina because their owners left them behind.（2005年，卡特里娜飓风期间，美国新奥尔良有60万只宠物因主人遗弃而死亡。）结合首字母可知空处应填：可怕的，故填：terrible。
（4）考查动词。句意：在暴风雨来临之前，一些志愿者警告人们把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。根据take pets and farm animals to the shelters.（把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。）结合首字母可知空处应填：警告，故填：warn。
（5）考查名词。句意：他们给动物医疗护理。根据Some volunteers also help wild animals，such as birds，deer and even koalas in Australia.（一些志愿者也帮助野生动物，如澳大利亚的鸟、鹿甚至考拉。）结合首字母可知空处应填：医疗，故填：medical。
（6）考查名词。句意：帮助的理由。根据Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people.（动物是我们社区的一部分，它们应该得到人们的帮助。）结合首字母可知空处应填：理由，故填：Reasons。
（7）考查副词。句意：因此，在暴风雨中照顾动物很重要。根据In addition，some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.（此外，一些人因为在灾难中与他们的动物待在一起而死亡。）结合首字母可知空处应填：因此，故填：Therefore。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
10．
If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing's Sanlitun area，sanitation （环卫） worker Zhang Jianna may be your helpful （1）g uide .
Zhang is a 50﹣year﹣old migrant worker from Hebei Province.She has worked as a waitress and a sales clerk in Beijing.In 2012，she became a sanitation worker in Sanlitun.
There are many embassies （大使馆） in the area.One day in 2014，a foreigner walked up to Zhang（2）o utside an embassy.He asked her some questions，but she couldn't understand him.The two looked confusedly at each other.After high school，Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge.That day，she（3）d ecided to relearn the language.
Zhang began to study her children's English textbooks.She memorized the words at night and repeated them the next morning.In her free time，she used some apps on her smartphone to learn English.She also practiced English（4）c onversations with her children.
Zhang's efforts have paid off.Now，she can pronounce（5）c learly and talk fluently（流利地）to English﹣speaking tourists.She can help them with directions and give information about the city.Zhang is in charge of a sanitation team.They （6）n eed to clean more than 100，000 square meters of road.They also clean more than three hundred （7）w aste bins near 56 embassies.Zhang has learned the English names of all these embassies as well.
"English is like a （8）b ridge ，"said Zhang."It helps me （9）i ntroduce Beijing to the world."The hardworking sanitation worker even （10）p lans to study a new language in the future."I've heard that French is beautiful，and I'd like to learn it!"
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：如果你是一名外国游客，在北京三里屯迷路了，环卫工人张建娜可能会是你的得力向导。根据If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing's Sanlitun area（如果你是一名外国游客，在北京三里屯迷路了），结合首字母，可知是guide"向导"，这里表示特指，故用其单数形式。故填guide。
（2）考查介词。句意：2014年的一天，一名外国人在大使馆外走向张。根据an embassy（一座大使馆），结合首字母，可知是outside"在…...的外面"。故填outside。
（3）考查动词。句意：那天，她决定重新学习这门语言。根据He asked her some questions，but she couldn't understand him.The two looked confusedly at each other.After high school，Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge.（他问了她一些问题，但她听不懂。两人困惑地看着对方。高中毕业后，张已经忘记了大部分英语知识。），结合首字母，可知是decide to do sth"决定做某事"，根据前句的looked，可知时态为一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided。故填decided。
（4）考查名词。句意：她还和孩子们练习英语对话。根据with her children（和她的孩子们），结合首字母，可知是conversation"交谈"，这里用其复数形式表示泛指。故填conversations。
（5）考查副词。句意：现在，她可以清晰地发音，并能流利地与说英语的游客交谈。根据Zhang's efforts have paid off（张的努力得到了回报），结合首字母，可知是clearly"清晰地"，修饰动词pronounce。故填clearly。
（6）考查动词。句意：他们需要清扫超过10万平方米的道路。根据clean more than 100，000 square meters of road（清扫超过10万平方米的道路），结合首字母，可知是need to do sth"需要做某事"，主语为They，时态为一般现在时，故用need的原形。故填need。
（7）考查名词。句意：他们还清理了56个大使馆附近的300多个垃圾箱。根据bins，结合首字母，可知是waste bins"垃圾桶"。故填waste。
（8）考查名词。句意：英语就像一座桥梁。根据It helps me...Beijing to the world（它帮助我向世界......北京），结合首字母，可知是bridge"桥"，前有不定冠词a，故用其单数形式。故填bridge。
（9）考查动词。句意：它帮助我向世界介绍北京。根据It helps me...Beijing to the world（它帮助我向世界......北京），结合首字母，可知是introduce"介绍"，help sb do sth"帮助某人做某事"，故用introduce的原形。故填introduce。
（10）考查动词。句意：这位努力工作的环卫工人甚至计划将来学习一门新语言。根据study a new language in the future（学习一门新语言），结合首字母，可知是plan to do sth"计划做某事"，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数形式，故用plan的第三人称单数形式plans。故填plans。
11．
The film Blossoms directed by Wang Jiawei was a great success.The film based upon Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms drew a lot of attention and （1）p raise with a high score of 9.5 on the Internet.
Jin Yucheng，the 9th Mao Dun Literature Prize winner，is （2）f amous for his novel Blossoms.To Shanghai art lovers，he is also a skilled painter.
On November 25，2023，Jin Yucheng opened an exhibition（展览）at the Bund One Museum in Shanghai.It （3）l asted until January 28，2024.At the exhibition，people could see more than 200 paintings， （4）i ncluding 40 illustrations（插图）of the novel Blossoms.
Titled "Blossoms"，the exhibition took the same name as the novel for （5）w hich Jin won the Mao Dun Prize.The 71﹣year﹣old writer was an editor of the Shanghai Literature magazine.In the book，he describes the local lives from the 1960s to the 1990s.With wide use of the local Shanghai dialect （方言），Blossoms won nearly all the top prizes in Chinese literature shortly after it （6）c ame out in 2012.
When asked about his early connection to art，Jin （7）r eplied ， "It all related to a book of Tutorial Pen Drawings for the Architecture Department in the 1970s." At that time，Jin was one of young Chinese people sent to work in the countryside of Heilongjiang Province.He could not remember how often he studied the book in the dormitory （宿舍） of a farm in northeast China.After （8）r eturning to Shanghai in 1976，Jin worked in a clock and watch （9）f actory ，and he learned mechanical（机械的）drawing for half a year，which was suitable for his painting skills.
The exhibition for Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms （10）s uccessfully brought the story to life and gave readers a deeper understanding of the culture and traditions of Shanghai.In it，visitors could see how Jin's writing and painting had influenced each other.Besides，they could also appreciate the beauty of everyday life and experience the city through the eyes of the artist.
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：这部根据金宇澄小说《繁华》改编的电影在网络上获得了9.5分的高分，引起了广泛关注和称赞。根据attention"关注"和and"和"可知，此处应填名词。结合首字母可知，praise"称赞"，符合题意。故填praise。
（2）考查形容词。句意：金宇澄，第九届茅盾文学奖获得者，以长篇小说《繁华》而闻名。根据句意结合首字母可知，是以长篇小说《繁华》而闻名。be famous for"因......而闻名"，固定短语。故填famous。
（3）考查动词。句意：展览一直持续到2024年1月28日。根据On November 25，2023，Jin Yucheng opened an exhibition（展览）at the Bund One Museum in Shanghai.（ 2023年11月25日，金宇澄在上海外滩一号博物馆举办了一场展览。）结合首字母可知，是展览一直持续到2024年1月28日，last"持续"，动词。根据前句中的opened可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式lasted。故填lasted。
（4）考查介词。句意：在展览中，人们可以看到200多幅绘画，包括小说《繁华》的40幅插图。根据people could see more than 200 paintings，（人们可以看到200多幅绘画，）结合首字母可知，此处指"包括小说《繁华》的40幅插图。"，结合空后的名词illustrations可知，此处应填介词including"包括"。故填including。
（5）考查关系代词。句意：展览名为"花开"，与金获得茅盾文学奖的小说同名。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，结合首字母可知，用which引导。故填which。
（6）考查动词。句意：《繁华》在2012年出版后不久就凭借广泛使用当地上海话赢得了几乎所有中国文学的最高奖项。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"出版"。come out"出版"，固定短语。根据句中的won可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式came。故填came。
（7）考查动词。句意：当被问及他与艺术的早期联系时，金回答说："这一切都与20世纪70年代建筑系的一本钢笔画教程有关。"根据When asked about his early connection to art，（当被问及他与艺术的早期联系时，）结合首字母可知，此处指"回答"。reply"回答"，动词。根据前句中的asked可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式replied。故填replied。
（8）考查动名词。句意：1976年回到上海后，金在一家钟表厂工作，他学习了半年的机械制图，这与他的绘画技能相适应。根据At that time，Jin was one of young Chinese people sent to work in the countryside of Heilongjiang Province.（当时，金是被派到黑龙江省农村工作的中国年轻人之一。）结合首字母可知，此处指"回到上海后"。return"回到"，动词。空前为介词After，所以此处填动名词returning。故填returning。
（9）考查名词。句意：1976年回到上海后，金在一家钟表厂工作，他学习了半年的机械制图，这与他的绘画技能相适应。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"钟表厂"。factory"工厂"，可数名词单数，结合空前的a可知，此处填名词单数形式。故填factory。
（10）考查副词。句意：金宇澄的小说《繁华》展览成功地将这个故事栩栩如生地展现出来，并让读者更深入地了解上海的文化和传统。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"展览成功地将这个故事栩栩如生地展现出来"。空格处在句中修饰动词brought，所以应填副词，successfully"成功地"，符合题意。故填successfully。
12．
One day，while I was walking along a beach，I saw the footprints of a man in the sand!I was very （1）s urprised ，and also afraid.Was there another person on my island？
I （2）l ooked around and listened carefully，but I couldn't see or hear anyone.I （3）h urried back to my castle and pulled the ladder up behind me.I was very worried and I didn't go out for three days.I couldn't （4）f orget the footprints.
"Perhaps someone from the mainland came in a boat and then left again，"I thought.But if that's （5）t rue ，why do they come？Do they want to kill me？"
Suddenly I didn't feel （6）s afe any more.On the third day I had to go out to get some food and milk the goats.I didn't see anyone and I began to feel less frightened.But the next day I started to （7）b uild another stronger fence around my castle.
I was also worried about my goats.
"I don't want the savages（野蛮人） to find them，"I thought."I must find a safer （8）p lace for them.I'm going to start looking for one tomorrow.During the following weeks I walked all over the island.One day when I was exploring the west part，I had a very unpleasant （9）e xperience .From the top of a hill I saw a boat on the sea.It was going towards the land in the distance.When I walked （10）d own the hill to the beach，I saw something that made me feel ill.The sand was covered in bones and pieces of men's bodies!
I thanked God that I was not like them.I felt very angry and I wanted to kill them.
﹣﹣Taken from Robinson Crusoe
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：我很吃惊。根据"I saw the footprints of a man in the sand! "（我在沙滩上看到了一个人的脚印!）可知，我发现了沙滩上的脚印，故我很吃惊。surprised"吃惊的"修饰人。故填surprised。
（2）考查动词。句意：我环顾四周，仔细地听着，但我看不到或听到任何人。根据"...around and listened carefully，but I couldn't see or hear anyone."（我环顾四周，仔细地听着，但我看不到或听到任何人。）及首字母可知，空处指"环顾四周"，look around表示"环顾四周"，为固定短语，因本文是描述发生过的事，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词look需用过去式looked。故填looked。
（3）考查动词。句意：我匆忙回到我的城堡，拉起身后的梯子。根据"...back to my castle and pulled the ladder up behind me."（我匆忙回到我的城堡，拉起身后的梯子。）及首字母可知，指匆忙回到城堡。hurry"匆忙"为动词，其过去式为hurried。故填hurried。
（4）考查动词。句意：我不能忘记脚印。根据"I couldn't f...the footprints."（我不能忘记脚印。）可知，空处指"忘记"，其英文为forget，couldn't后跟动词原形。故填forget。
（5）考查形容词。句意：但如果那是真的，他们为什么来？根据" 'But if that's t...，why do they come？Do they want to kill me？' "（但如果那是真的，他们为什么来？他们想杀我吗？）可知，作者推测有人从陆地来了，然后又走了，如果这是真的，他们为什么来。故空处指"真的"，需形容词true。故填true。
（6）考查形容词。句意：突然，我感到不再安全。根据"But the next day I started to b...another stronger fence around my castle."（但第二天我开始在我的城堡周围建造另一道更坚固的栅栏。）可知，第二天我在城堡周围建了坚固的栅栏，说明我感到不安全。safe"安全的"为形容词，在句中作表语。故填safe。
（7）考查动词。句意：但第二天我开始在我的城堡周围建造另一道更坚固的栅栏。根据"...another stronger fence around my castle."（但第二天我开始在我的城堡周围建造另一道更坚固的栅栏。）可知，空处指"建造"，其英文为build，to后跟动词原形。故填build。
（8）考查名词。句意：我必须为他们找到一个更安全的地方。根据" I'm going to start looking for one tomorrow. "（我明天就开始找。）可知，明天我去寻找地方，故空处指"地方"，其英文为place，为可数名词，a后跟名词单词。故填place。
（9）考查名词。句意：有一天，我在西部探险时，我有一个非常不愉快的经历。根据"I had a very unpleasant e..."（我有一个非常不愉快的经历。）可知，空处指"经历"，其英文为experience，a后跟名词单数。故填experience。
（10）考查介词。句意：当我沿着山坡走到海滩时，我看到了一些让我感到不舒服的东西。根据"When I walked d...the hill to the beach"（当我沿着山坡走到海滩时）可知，当我从山上下来走到海滩时，故空处指"下来"，需介词down，walked down表示"沿着……下来"。故填down。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
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2024中考英语三轮冲刺之综合填空2
1．
Dave Meko，a scientist at the University of Arizona，noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier.And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly.This was the（1）b of a serious drought（干旱）.Everyone began asking，"How long will it last？"Meko believed that he could find the (2) a in the trees.
Meko is a tree﹣ring expert.He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change.Each year，a tree adds a new layer of wood.These layers look like a series of rings.During times of （3）h rainfall，a ring is wide.When there is a shortage of water，a ring is narrow.These rings are nature's record of rainfall and climate change.
Meko and his team（4）q started a new research project.Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted.The team collected as many old wood samples as possible.They tested wood samples from 1，200 years ago until the（5） p .When they examined the rings，the news about rainfall in the past was.not good.
Meko's research showed that，the 20th century was an unusually wet time.Trees from this period had wide，healthy rings.Rain was plentiful（6）d that century，millions of people moved to the region.Before that time，however，the rings showed that droughts occurred on a regular basis.In （7）f ，drought was part of the usual climate pattern.There were severe droughts in the 900s，the 1100s，and the late 1200s.
Human history seems to substantiate Meko's findings.The native Anasazi （8）l in this area for hundreds of years，starting around 500 AD.They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops.However，at the end of the 13th century，the Anasazi
（9）s left the area.Experts do not know exactly why the Anasazi left.They think it was (10)b there was no longer enough water to farm.And Meko's tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time.
How long will the current drought last？Using nature's code from the past，experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years.
2．
Have you ever wondered what PE classes are like in other countries？In China，PE tests are required to graduate（毕业）from b（1） middle school and high school.To get good grades on the PE tests，Chinese students will need to p（2） running and doing sit﹣ups and pull﹣ups （引体向上）.H（3） ，this is not the way that PE classes work in US high schools.
In my high school，we are required to take two semesters（学期）of PE to graduate.We play real sports during PE classes，such as basketball and v（4） .There are also some other typical（种类）American sports that we often play，such as kickball and dodgeball（躲避球）.I didn't know the r（5） of kickball and dodgeball when I first came to the US.The teacher allowed me to sit on the sidelines and w（6） how other students played it in order to let me figure out（弄清楚）the rules.
We also learn some useful life skills in PE.Last year，I learned how to do CPR（心肺复苏），which is a life﹣saving skill.We were also taught how to p（7） first aid to someone who is choking（室息）.These skills are a large part of the final grade for the PE class in my
h（8） school.Self﹣defense（自卫）is taught in PE class as w（9） .This includes some tackwondo（跆拳道），karate（空手道）skills and Chinese kung fu.It is practical.
I p（10） PE classes in the US to the ones in China.I think they are more fun and useful.What do you think？
3．
This is the year 2070.I have just turned 50，but I look like a person of 85.I suffer from serious kidney（肾脏）problems because I don't have enough water to drink.I'm afraid I don't have much time left to live.I am already one of the（1）o people in this society.
I remember when I was five years old，everything was very（2）d .There were lots of trees in the parks.I could enjoy a shower for half an hour.At that time，women had beautiful hair.Now，we have to shave our heads to keep them clean（3）w the use of water.
I remember there were"Save Water"warnings in many public places，but nobody paid （4）a .We believed water would last forever.Now，all the rivers and lakes are either dry or polluted.Water is much more （5）e than gold and diamonds.
Without water，almost all factories are closed.Most people are unemployed.Those who have a job work in desalination（海水脱盐）plants and are paid with drinkable water rather than with money.
In the past，doctors（6）s adults drink eight glasses of water a day.Nowadays，I am only allowed half a glass.Most people are weak.Young people in their early 20s look as if they were in their 40s.
Because there are（7）f trees，we don't have enough oxygen.We have to pay for air.The air is not of very good quality，but at least we can breathe.Poor people die young.The average life expectancy（预期寿命）is 40 years.
When my son asks me about my childhood，I tell him about how（8）p it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were.When he asks，"（9）W is there no clean water now？"，I feel guilty（内疚）.I belong to the generation who turned a blind eye to all the warnings.
I wish this letter could travel back in time and that it would make people living in the 2020s（10）t understand the importance of saving water.
4．
Alicia Waters Galan is litter﹣picking all the way from her home in Spain to Paris.She is heading to Change NOW 2024，an event where people will come together to （1）f _____ solutions for climate change.It starts on 24 April.Alicia is raising (2) m_______ for Kids Against Plastic （an environmental charity） and she's calling her adventure Pick 2 Paris.
Alicia began to be a volunteer after （3）v an aquarium（水族馆）.There she learned that some fish were （4）d because of eating plastic in the rivers and oceans.
Through litter picking she says，"I can see the difference I'm making".Her（5）a ______ for other young people interested in volunteering is， "Wear gloves，bring a litter picker，go with an adult but don't pick up anything sharp or （6）d ".
When it comes to balancing (7) e work with schoolwork，Alicia says，"Yes，I'm active in working as a volunteer，but I'm also a （8）s .School first，then volunteering."
By sharing her environmental work with teachers，Alicia wants to （9）e others to join in.In fact，her last school day before she sets off to Paris，her (10) c and teachers will do a whole school litter pick.
You can find out more at superkind.org/ fundraiser/pick﹣2﹣paris
5．
If a person wants to be a gentleman，he should pay attention to what he does and says.Then what are the r（1） for a gentleman on words and actions？
In the West，some people believe that how someone says something is more
i（2）___________than what he says.H（3） ，most Chinese don't think so.Let's find out the answers from Confucius，one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.
Confucius believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully，even i（4）f that may make people feel bored.He believed that words are important so they should
f（5）______etiquette（规矩）.But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do：work hard.He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve t（6） .These rules for gentlemen's words and actions have influenced Chinese people f（7） a long time.Today，many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical（务实的） spirit rather than say pleasant words.
Of course as culture has d（8） over time，we should a（9） view his words critically（批判性地）.Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a s（10） of wisdom.
6．
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month.This day is always the first full moon in the new year.Ancient people also（1）c it Shangyuan Festival.Celebrations and （2）t on this day began from the Han Dynasty （朝代） and became popular in the Tang Dynasty.Watching the red （3）1 is one of the main traditions.Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees，or （4）a river banks on show.It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble.Today，when the lanterns slowly（5）r into the air，people make wishes.
Another tradition is （6）g lantern riddles（谜语）.The riddles are usually short，wise，and sometimes humorous（幽默的）.The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character（汉字），a famous person's name，or a name of a place.
The most（7）i thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes，because they are symbols of reunion and wishes for good luck.In northern China，they are called yuanxiao （8）w in southern part they're named tangyuan.Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity，they are usually done happily by a group of friends or （9）r .In old times，the Lantern Festival was also romantic（浪漫的）.
（10）W lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other.A line from Xin Qiji，a poet during the Song Dynasty，shows this：
Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd.Suddenly I turned，and there she stood，in the dim light.
7．
It might be fun to use your smartphone，but be careful.Too much screen time may be （1） h to your health.
First，it is bad for your eyes.A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out.Looking at a smartphone for a long time can（2） c eye strain（劳损），headaches and dry eyes.So it is a good idea to take a
3）b every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second，screen use can do harm to children's brains.A new （4） s shows that using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow.If children use screens for （5）m than one hour a day，they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains.White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills.（6）S it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third，using screens too much will affect your （7）s .According to a survey，about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed，（8）e the young people under 20.Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you（9） e before you go to bed.Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.So you'd better turn off smartphones，TVs，and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy，doctors and researchers strongly（10） a that you shouldn't use screens for long hours.In this way，you can protect your health.
8．
Do you know any Chinese"chengyu"about dragons？The Year of the Dragon is one of Chinese people's （1）f years because they believe dragons can bring good luck.
The Records of Sanqin is a book writen in the Han dynasty and it （2）i a story The Carp（鲤鱼） Jumped over the Dragon's Gate.In the old days，the dragon's gate was in the East China Sea.In this （3）a ，the rushing water made a waterfall.The ruler Dayu wanted to （4）p one carp to be a gatekeeper if it could jump over the dragon's gate.Every spring，craps swam to the dragon's gate to jump over it.It was difficult because the gate was high and strong.Some carps swam （5）r hard and tried to jump high.But most of （6）t fell down into the river and gave up.Only one carp tried and tried again.At last，it （7）m to jump over it with the help of water.It touched Dayu a lot and he gave the carp a red print（印记） on its head.Amazingly，it （8）t the special carp into a dragon.In fact，the story of the carp jumping over the dragon's gate is about the little fish （9）w a big dream.It offers us a wonderful （10）l .Let's be brave like the carp，and jump over the dragon's gate in our daily life.
9．
Every year，there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world.These disasters kill 90，000 people.Other 200 million people were seriously hurt.When people know a storm is coming，they leave for shelters or s （1） areas.But what happens to the animals？
D （2） for Animals
During storms and other disasters，animals cannot usually go to shelters without help.Storms can hurt animals in different ways.High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats.Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish.Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don't people take their animals with them？Some shelters don't have enough space or don't take pets.Sometimes，t （3） things can happen.In 2005，600，000 pets died in New Orleans，USA，during Hurricane（飓风） Katrina because their owners left them behind.The animals couldn't swim.They didn't have food，either.
Ways to Help
Many people help animals before，during，and after disasters.Before storms，some volunteers w （4） people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters.During a storm，they look for animals and save them.Some volunteers also help wild animals，such as birds，deer and even koalas in Australia.They give the animals m （5） care.After the storm，many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded.High water is very dirty and can make animals sick.They give the animals medicine.They help the animals feel better.
R （6） to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people.Most people don't want animals to die.It's expensive to lose farm animals.Also，dead animals bring disease.In addition，some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.T （7） ，taking care of animals during storms is important.This helps the animals，and it helps people，too.
10．
If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing's Sanlitun area，sanitation （环卫） worker Zhang Jianna may be your helpful （1）g .
Zhang is a 50﹣year﹣old migrant worker from Hebei Province.She has worked as a waitress and a sales clerk in Beijing.In 2012，she became a sanitation worker in Sanlitun.
There are many embassies （大使馆） in the area.One day in 2014，a foreigner walked up to Zhang（2）o an embassy.He asked her some questions，but she couldn't understand him.The two looked confusedly at each other.After high school，Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge.That day，she（3）d to relearn the language.
Zhang began to study her children's English textbooks.She memorized the words at night and repeated them the next morning.In her free time，she used some apps on her smartphone to learn English.She also practiced English（4）c with her children.
Zhang's efforts have paid off.Now，she can pronounce（5）c and talk fluently（流利地）to English﹣speaking tourists.She can help them with directions and give information about the city.Zhang is in charge of a sanitation team.They （6）n to clean more than 100，000 square meters of road.They also clean more than three hundred （7）w_______ bins near 56 embassies.Zhang has learned the English names of all these embassies as well.
"English is like a （8）b ，"said Zhang."It helps me （9）i Beijing to the world."The hardworking sanitation worker even （10）p to study a new language in the future."I've heard that French is beautiful，and I'd like to learn it!"
11．
The film Blossoms directed by Wang Jiawei was a great success.The film based upon Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms drew a lot of attention and （1）p with a high score of 9.5 on the Internet.
Jin Yucheng，the 9th Mao Dun Literature Prize winner，is （2）f for his novel Blossoms.To Shanghai art lovers，he is also a skilled painter.
On November 25，2023，Jin Yucheng opened an exhibition（展览）at the Bund One Museum in Shanghai.It （3）l until January 28，2024.At the exhibition，people could see more than 200 paintings， （4）i 40 illustrations（插图）of the novel Blossoms.
Titled "Blossoms"，the exhibition took the same name as the novel for （5）w Jin won the Mao Dun Prize.The 71﹣year﹣old writer was an editor of the Shanghai Literature magazine.In the book，he describes the local lives from the 1960s to the 1990s.With wide use of the local Shanghai dialect （方言），Blossoms won nearly all the top prizes in Chinese literature shortly after it （6）c out in 2012.
When asked about his early connection to art，Jin （7）r ， "It all related to a book of Tutorial Pen Drawings for the Architecture Department in the 1970s." At that time，Jin was one of young Chinese people sent to work in the countryside of Heilongjiang Province.He could not remember how often he studied the book in the dormitory （宿舍） of a farm in northeast China.After （8）r to Shanghai in 1976，Jin worked in a clock and watch （9）f ，and he learned mechanical（机械的）drawing for half a year，which was suitable for his painting skills.
The exhibition for Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms （10）s brought the story to life and gave readers a deeper understanding of the culture and traditions of Shanghai.In it，visitors could see how Jin's writing and painting had influenced each other.Besides，they could also appreciate the beauty of everyday life and experience the city through the eyes of the artist.
12．
One day，while I was walking along a beach，I saw the footprints of a man in the sand!I was very （1）s ，and also afraid.Was there another person on my island？
I （2）l around and listened carefully，but I couldn't see or hear anyone.I （3）h back to my castle and pulled the ladder up behind me.I was very worried and I didn't go out for three days.I couldn't （4）f the footprints.
"Perhaps someone from the mainland came in a boat and then left again，"I thought.But if that's （5）t ，why do they come？Do they want to kill me？"
Suddenly I didn't feel （6）s any more.On the third day I had to go out to get some food and milk the goats.I didn't see anyone and I began to feel less frightened.But the next day I started to （7）b another stronger fence around my castle.
I was also worried about my goats.
"I don't want the savages（野蛮人） to find them，"I thought."I must find a safer （8）p_______ for them.I'm going to start looking for one tomorrow.During the following weeks I walked all over the island.One day when I was exploring the west part，I had a very unpleasant （9）e .From the top of a hill I saw a boat on the sea.It was going towards the land in the distance.When I walked （10）d the hill to the beach，I saw something that made me feel ill.The sand was covered in bones and pieces of men's bodies!
I thanked God that I was not like them.I felt very angry and I wanted to kill them.
﹣﹣Taken from Robinson Crusoe
答案详解
1．
Dave Meko，a scientist at the University of Arizona，noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier.And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly.This was the（1）b eginning of a serious drought（干旱）.Everyone began asking，"How long will it last？"Meko believed that he could find the (2) answer in the trees.
Meko is a tree﹣ring expert.He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change.Each year，a tree adds a new layer of wood.These layers look like a series of rings.During times of （3）h eavy rainfall，a ring is wide.When there is a shortage of water，a ring is narrow.These rings are nature's record of rainfall and climate change.
Meko and his team（4）quickly started a new research project.Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted.The team collected as many old wood samples as possible.They tested wood samples from 1，200 years ago until the（5） p resent .When they examined the rings，the news about rainfall in the past was.not good.
Meko's research showed that，the 20th century was an unusually wet time.Trees from this period had wide，healthy rings.Rain was plentiful d（6） uring that century，millions of people moved to the region.Before that time，however，the rings showed that droughts occurred on a regular basis.In （7）fact，drought was part of the usual climate pattern.There were severe droughts in the 900s，the 1100s，and the late 1200s.
Human history seems to substantiate Meko's findings.The native Anasazi （8）lived in this area for hundreds of years，starting around 500 AD.They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops.However，at the end of the 13th century，the Anasazi （9）s uddenly left the area.Experts do not know exactly why the Anasazi left.They think it was (10)because there was no longer enough water to farm.And Meko's tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time.
How long will the current drought last？Using nature's code from the past，experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years.
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：这是严重干旱的开始。根据本空前的内容可知，作者提到了一些严重干旱的迹象，加上首字母s的提示，本空填beginning 开始。故答案为：beginning。
（2）考查名词。句意：Meko认为他可以找到答案。根据前面的asks, 这里answer.答案为:answer
（3）考查形容词。句意：在降雨量大的时候，年轮会很宽。根据下一句对比可知，本空在描述降雨量大，加上首字母h的提示，本空填heavy，heavy rainfall是常用表达，意思是大雨、暴雨。故答案为：heavy。
（4）考察副词。句意：Meko和他的团队迅速开始了一个新的研究项目.答案:quickly
（5）考查名词。句意：他们检测了从1200年前到现在的木材样本。根据本段主要研究是通过研究这些年来的年轮，加上首字母p的提示，本空填present 现在，故答案为：present。
（6）考查介词。句意：那个世纪雨水充沛，数百万人迁居到这个地区。根据句意加上首字母d的提示可知，本空填during 在...期间。故答案为：during。
（7）考查名词。句意：事实上,干旱是通常气候模式的一部分。根据固定搭配:in fact答案为：fact。
（8）考察动词。句意：土生土长的阿纳萨齐人在这个地区生活了数百年。答案：lived
（9）考查副词。句意：然而，在13世纪末，阿纳萨齐人突然离开了这个地区。根据提示用副词suddenly突然。故答案为：suddenly。
（10）考查连词。他们认为这是因为不再有足够的水来耕种。答案为：because。
2．
Have you ever wondered what PE classes are like in other countries？In China，PE tests are required to graduate（毕业）from b（1） oth middle school and high school.To get good grades on the PE tests，Chinese students will need to p（2） ractise running and doing sit﹣ups and pull﹣ups （引体向上）.H（3） owever ，this is not the way that PE classes work in US high schools.
In my high school，we are required to take two semesters（学期）of PE to graduate.We play real sports during PE classes，such as basketball and v（4） olleyball .There are also some other typical（种类）American sports that we often play，such as kickball and dodgeball（躲避球）.I didn't know the r（5） ules of kickball and dodgeball when I first came to the US.The teacher allowed me to sit on the sidelines and w（6） atch how other students played it in order to let me figure out（弄清楚）the rules.
We also learn some useful life skills in PE.Last year，I learned how to do CPR（心肺复苏），which is a life﹣saving skill.We were also taught how to p（7） rovide first aid to someone who is choking（室息）.These skills are a large part of the final grade for the PE class in my h（8） igh school.Self﹣defense（自卫）is taught in PE class as w（9） ell .This includes some tackwondo（跆拳道），karate（空手道）skills and Chinese kung fu.It is practical.
I p（10） refer PE classes in the US to the ones in China.I think they are more fun and useful.What do you think？
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：在中国，从初中到高中毕业时都需要体育考试。both...and...两者都，固定短语。故填both。
（2）考查动词。句意：未来在体育课取得好成绩，中国学生需要练习跑步和做引体向上。need to do需要做，根据首字母和句意，可知此处指"练习"。故填practise。
（3）考查副词。句意：然而，这不是美国高中体育课的上课方式。根据本句与上句的逻辑关系，可知此处表转折，句首首字母大写。故填However。
（4）考查名词。句意：我们在体育课时做运动，例如篮球和排球。根据basketball and（篮球和）和首字母，可知此处指"排球"。故填volleyball。
（5）考查名词。句意：当我刚到美国时，我不知道踢球和躲避球的规则。根据句意和首字母可知此处表示"规则"，名词复数表一类。故填rules。
（6）考查动词。句意：老师让我坐在边线，看其他同学怎么打，为了让我弄清楚规则。根据allowed me to sit on the sidelines（让我坐在边线）可知此处需用动词原形。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"观看"。故填watch。
（7）考查动词。句意：我们也学习如何在某人窒息时提供急救。不定式to后面用动词原形。根据句意和首字母，可知此处考查provide，意为"提供"。故填provide。
（8）考查形容词。句意：这些技能是我高中体育课期末成绩的重要组成部分。根据首字母和句意，可知此处指"高中"。故填high。
（9）考查副词。句意：自卫也是体育课上学的。as well也，固定短语。故填well。
（10）考查动词。句意：比起中国的体育课，我更喜欢美国的体育课。prefer...to...，意为"比起......更喜欢......."，根据全文时态一致原则，可知此处用一般现在时。主语是I，动词用原形。故填prefer。
3．
This is the year 2070.I have just turned 50，but I look like a person of 85.I suffer from serious kidney（肾脏）problems because I don't have enough water to drink.I'm afraid I don't have much time left to live.I am already one of the（1）o ldest people in this society.
I remember when I was five years old，everything was very（2）different.There were lots of trees in the parks.I could enjoy a shower for half an hour.At that time，women had beautiful hair.Now，we have to shave our heads to keep them clean（3）w ithout the use of water.
I remember there were"Save Water"warnings in many public places，but nobody paid （4）attention.We believed water would last forever.Now，all the rivers and lakes are either dry or polluted.Water is much more （5）expensive than gold and diamonds.
Without water，almost all factories are closed.Most people are unemployed.Those who have a job work in desalination（海水脱盐）plants and are paid with drinkable water rather than with money.
In the past，doctors（6）s uggested adults drink eight glasses of water a day.Nowadays，I am only allowed half a glass.Most people are weak.Young people in their early 20s look as if they were in their 40s.
Because there are（7）f ew trees，we don't have enough oxygen.We have to pay for air.The air is not of very good quality，but at least we can breathe.Poor people die young.The average life expectancy（预期寿命）is 40 years.
When my son asks me about my childhood，I tell him about how（8）p leasant it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were.When he asks，"（9）Why is there no clean water now？"，I feel guilty（内疚）.I belong to the generation who turned a blind eye to all the warnings.
I wish this letter could travel back in time and that it would make people living in the 2020s（10）t ruly understand the importance of saving water.
【解答】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：我已经是这个社会最老的人之一。one of+最高级+名词复数，意为"最......之一"。根据I have just turned 50（我刚刚50岁）和The average life expectancy（预期寿命）is 40 years.（平均寿命是40岁。）可知作者是最老的之一。故填oldest。
（2）考察形容词。所有东西都不相同。填different
（3）考查介词。句意：现在我们必须剃光头以保证不用水的情况下干净。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"没有"。故填without。
（4）考查名词。句意：但是没有人注意。填attention.
（5）考察形容词。句意：水比黄金和钻石贵得多。填：expensive。
（6）考查动词。句意：医生建议成年人每天喝八杯水。根据in the past, 故填suggested。
（7）考查代词。句意：因为几乎没有树，我们没有足够的氧气。根据we don't have enough oxygen（我们没有足够的氧气）可知几乎没树。few几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数名词复数。故填few。
（8）考查形容词。句意：当我的儿子问我小时候的事情时，我告诉她在河边钓鱼很快乐，人们有多么健康。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"愉快的"。故填pleasant。
（9）考察疑问词。句意：为什么现在没有干净的水。填：why
（10）考查副词。句意：我希望这封信可以及时回到过去，它可以使生活在21世纪20年代的人真正地理解节约用水的重要性。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指"真正地"，此处用副词修饰动词understand。故填truly。
4．
Alicia Waters Galan is litter﹣picking all the way from her home in Spain to Paris.She is heading to Change NOW 2024，an event where people will come together to （1）f ind solutions for climate change.It starts on 24 April.Alicia is raising (2) money for Kids Against Plastic （an environmental charity） and she's calling her adventure Pick 2 Paris.
Alicia began to be a volunteer after （3）v isiting an aquarium（水族馆）.There she learned that some fish were （4）d ead because of eating plastic in the rivers and oceans.
Through litter picking she says， "I can see the difference I'm making".Her （5）a dvice for other young people interested in volunteering is， "Wear gloves，bring a litter picker，go with an adult but don't pick up anything sharp or （6）d angerous ".
When it comes to balancing (7) environmental work with schoolwork，Alicia says，"Yes，I'm active in working as a volunteer，but I'm also a （8）s tudent .School first，then volunteering."
By sharing her environmental work with teachers，Alicia wants to （9）e ncourage others to join in.In fact，her last school day before she sets off to Paris，her (10) classmates and teachers will do a whole school litter pick.
You can find out more at superkind.org/ fundraiser/pick﹣2﹣paris
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：她将参加2024年"改变现在"，这是一个人们将聚集在一起寻找气候变化解决方案的活动。根据solutions for climate change（气候变化的解决方案）可知此处是指寻找气候变化解决方案的活动。不定式表目的。故填find。
（2）考查动名词。句意：艾丽西亚正在为 Kids Against Plastic 筹集资金。填money
（3）考查动名词。句意：艾丽西娅在参观水族馆后开始做志愿者。根据There she learned that some fish were dead .（在那里，她了解到有些鱼因为吃了河流和海洋中的塑料而死亡。）可知此处是指参观了一个水族馆。介词after接动名词。故填visiting。
（4）考查形容词。句意：在那里，她了解到有些鱼因为吃了河流和海洋中的塑料而死亡。根据because of eating plastic in the rivers and oceans（因为吃了河流和海洋中的塑料）可知此处是指鱼死亡率。be+形容词。故填dead。
（5）考查名词。句意：她给其他对志愿服务感兴趣的年轻人的建议是："戴上手套，带一个捡垃圾的人，和一个成年人一起去，但不要捡任何尖锐或危险的东西。"
根据Wear gloves，bring a litter picker，go with an adult（戴上手套，带上捡垃圾的人，和成年人一起去）可知这是她给其他对志愿服务感兴趣的年轻人的建议。advice是不可数名词。故填advice。
（6）考查形容词。句意：她给其他对志愿服务感兴趣的年轻人的建议是："戴上手套，带一个捡垃圾的人，和一个成年人一起去，但不要捡任何尖锐或危险的东西。"根据don't pick up anything sharp or（不要捡尖锐或者……）可知是指不要捡任何尖锐或危险的东西。故填dangerous。
（7）考查形容词。句意：在平衡环境工作与学业方面。environmental修饰后面的work。所以填environmental
（8）考查名词。句意：当谈到平衡环境工作和学业时，艾丽西亚说："是的，我积极参与志愿者工作，但我也是一名学生。根据School first，then volunteering.（上学第一，然后做志愿者。）可知此处是指但我也是一名学生。故填student。
（9）考查动词。句意：通过与老师们分享她的环保工作，艾丽西娅想鼓励其他人加入进来。根据others to join in（其他人加入进来）可知艾丽西娅想鼓励其他人加入进来。want to do sth"想做某事"。故填encourage。
（10）考察名词。句意：她的同学和老师将进行全校垃圾捡拾。根据首字母c以及后面的teachers,可知此空填classmates
5．
If a person wants to be a gentleman，he should pay attention to what he does and says.Then what are the r（1） ules for a gentleman on words and actions？
In the West，some people believe that how someone says something is more i（2） mportant than what he says.H（3） owever ，most Chinese don't think so.Let's find out the answers from Confucius，one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.
Confucius believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully，even i（4） f that may make people feel bored.He believed that words are important so they should f（5） ollow etiquette（规矩）.But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do：work hard.He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve t（6） hemselves .These rules for gentlemen's words and actions have influenced Chinese people f（7） or a long time.Today，many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical（务实的） spirit rather than say pleasant words.
Of course as culture has d（8） eveloped over time，we should a（9） lso view his words critically（批判性地）.Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a s（10） ymbol of wisdom.
【分析】本文介绍了成为绅士的言行准则，引用了孔子的观点，强调谨慎选择言辞和勤奋努力的重要性。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：那么，绅士的言行准则是什么呢？根据"for a gentleman on words and actions"（绅士的言行准则是什么呢？）可知是绅士的言行准则，rule"准则"，此处用名词复数。故填rules。
（2）考查形容词。句意：在西方，有些人认为一个人说话的方式比他说什么更重要。根据"how someone says something is more...than what he says"（有些人认为一个人说话的方式比他说什么更重要。）可知是说话方式比说什么更重要，important"重要的"。故填important。
（3）考查连词。句意：然而，大多数中国人并不这么认为。此处和前文是转折关系，用however连接。故填However。
（4）考查连词。句意：孔子认为，君子应该谨慎措辞，即使这会让人感到厌烦。前后两句是让步关系，用even if引导让步状语从句。故填if。
（5）考查动词。句意：他认为语言很重要，所以应该遵守礼节。根据"should...etiquette"（应该遵守礼节）可知应该遵守礼节，follow"遵守"，情态动词后加动词原形。故填follow。
（6）考查代词。句意：他说，绅士们不应该懒惰，需要专注于工作来提高自己。根据"gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve"（绅士们不应该懒惰，需要专注于工作来提高自己。）可知是绅士们要专注于工作提高自己，用反身代词themselves"他们自己"。故填themselves。
（7）考查介词。句意：这些君子言行的规矩，影响了中国人很长一段时间。空后是时间段，用介词for。故填for。
（8）考查动词。句意：当然，随着文化的发展，我们也应该批判性地看待他的话。根据"as culture has...over time"（随着文化的发展，我们也应该批判性地看待他的话。）可知文化随着时间发展，develop"发展"，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填developed。
（9）考查副词。句意：当然，随着文化的发展，我们也应该批判性地看待他的话。根据"we should...view his words critically"（我们也应该批判性地看待他的话可知也要批判性地看待他的话，also"也"。故填also。
（10）考查名词。句意：根据情况选择我们的言行也是智慧的象征。根据"Choosing our words and actions...of wisdom"（根据情况选择我们的言行也是智慧的象征。）可知根据情况选择我们的言行也是智慧的象征，a symbol of"……的象征"。故填symbol。
6．
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month.This day is always the first full moon in the new year.Ancient people also（1）c alled it Shangyuan Festival.Celebrations and （2）t raditions on this day began from the Han Dynasty （朝代） and became popular in the Tang Dynasty.Watching the red （3）1 anterns is one of the main traditions.Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees，or （4）a long river banks on show.It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble.Today，when the lanterns slowly（5）r ise into the air，people make wishes.
Another tradition is （6）g uessing lantern riddles（谜语）.The riddles are usually short，wise，and sometimes humorous（幽默的）.The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character（汉字），a famous person's name，or a name of a place.
The most（7）i mportant thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes，because they are symbols of reunion and wishes for good luck.In northern China，they are called yuanxiao （8）w hile in southern part they're named tangyuan.Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity，they are usually done happily by a group of friends or （9）r elatives .In old times，the Lantern Festival was also romantic（浪漫的）.（10）W atching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other.A line from Xin Qiji，a poet during the Song Dynasty，shows this：
Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd.Suddenly I turned，and there she stood，in the dim light.
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：古人也称之为上元节。根据句意可知，句子为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填called。
（2）考查名词。句意：这一天的庆祝活动和传统始于汉代，并在唐代开始流行。根据句意可知，此处意为"庆祝活动和传统始于汉代"，此处泛指传统，所以使用名词的复数形式。故填traditions。
（3）考查名词。句意：看红灯笼是主要传统之一。根据句意，此处意为"看红灯笼"，使用可数名词的复数形式。故填lanterns。
（4）考查介词。句意：不同形状和大小的灯笼通常被放在树上，或者沿着河岸展示。根据句意可知，此处意为"沿着河岸展示"，使用along。故填along。
（5）考查动词。句意：今天，当灯笼慢慢升到空中时，人们会许愿。根据句意可知，句子为一般现在时，主语为lanterns，所以动词用原形。故填rise。
（6）考查动名词。句意：另一个传统是猜灯谜。根据句意可知，此处意为"另一个传统是猜灯谜"，使用动名词形式做表语。故填guessing。
（7）考查形容词。句意：最重要的是吃不同口味的汤圆，因为它们是团圆的象征和好运的祝愿。根据句意可知，此处意为"最重要的事情"，使用形容词的最高级作定语。故填important。
（8）考查连词。句意：在中国北方，它们被称为元宵，而在南方，它们被称为汤圆。根据句意可知，此处意为"然而"，表对比转折。故填while。
（9）考查名词。句意：因为包汤圆就像一个游戏或一项活动，通常由一群朋友或亲戚愉快地完成。根据句意可知，此处意为"由一群朋友或亲戚愉快地完成"，使用名词复数形式。故填relatives。
（10）考查动名词。句意：看灯笼给了年轻人一个互相认识的机会。根据句意可知，此处使用动名词作主语。故填Watching。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
7．
It might be fun to use your smartphone，but be careful.Too much screen time may be （1） harmful to your health.
First，it is bad for your eyes.A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out.Looking at a smartphone for a long time can（2） c ause eye strain（劳损），headaches and dry eyes.So it is a good idea to take a （3）b reak every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second，screen use can do harm to children's brains.A new （4） study shows that using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow.If children use screens for （5）more than one hour a day，they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains.White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills.（6）So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third，using screens too much will affect your （7）s leep .According to a survey，about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed，（8）especially the young people under 20.Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you（9） e xcited before you go to bed.Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.So you'd better turn off smartphones，TVs，and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy，doctors and researchers strongly（10） a dvise that you shouldn't use screens for long hours.In this way，you can protect your health.
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：看屏幕时间过长可能对你的健康有害。根据Too much screen time may be...to your health.（看屏幕时间过长可能对你的健康......）可知，看屏幕时间过长对健康有害。be harmful to对......有害。故填harmful。
（2）考查动词。句意：长时间看智能手机会导致眼睛劳损、头痛和眼睛干涩。根据Looking at a smartphone for a long time can...eye strain（劳损），headaches and dry eyes.（长时间看智能手机会.......眼睛劳损、头痛和眼睛干涩。）可知，长时间看智能手机会导致眼睛劳损、头痛和眼睛干涩。cause导致，符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填cause。
（3）考查名词。句意：所以，当你在电脑前工作或使用智能手机时，每隔15分钟休息一下是个好主意。take a break休息一下，是固定搭配，是指每隔15分钟要休息一下。故填break。
（4）考查名词。句意：一项新的研究表明，过度使用屏幕会影响儿童大脑的发育。根据using screens too much can affect how children's brains grow.（过度使用屏幕会影响儿童大脑的发育。）可知，这是一项新的研究发现。空前有A，用名词study（研究）符合语境。故填study。
（5）考查形容词。句意：如果儿童每天使用屏幕超过 1 小时。固定搭配超过more than。后面有than，前面是m开头,所以填more。
（6）考查连词。承接，填so
（7）考查名词。句意：第三，过度使用屏幕会影响你的睡眠。根据后文Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.（然后你很难在晚上得到足够的休息。）可知，过度使用屏幕会影响你的睡眠。sleep睡眠，是不可数名词，符合语境。故填sleep。
（8）考查副词。句意：尤其是20岁以下的年轻人。尤其，应填especially。
（9）考查形容词。句意：医生说，这些电子设备在晚上发出的光可能会让你在睡觉前感到兴奋。Then it's hard for you to get enough rest at night.（然后你很难在晚上得到足够的休息。）结合常识可知，电子设备晚上发出的光会让你在睡觉前感到兴奋。make sb.+adj.表示"让某人......"，修饰人，用形容词excited（兴奋的）。故填excited。
（10）考查动词。句意：为了保持健康，医生和研究人员强烈建议人们不要长时间使用屏幕。根据副词strongly可知，该空是动词，是指医生和研究人员强烈建议人们不要长时间使用屏幕。advise建议，动词，符合语境。故填advise。
8．
Do you know any Chinese"chengyu"about dragons？The Year of the Dragon is one of Chinese people's （1）f avorite years because they believe dragons can bring good luck.
The Records of Sanqin is a book writen in the Han dynasty and it （2）i ntroduces a story The Carp（鲤鱼） Jumped over the Dragon's Gate.In the old days，the dragon's gate was in the East China Sea.In this （3）a rea ，the rushing water made a waterfall.The ruler Dayu wanted to （4）p ick one carp to be a gatekeeper if it could jump over the dragon's gate.Every spring，craps swam to the dragon's gate to jump over it.It was difficult because the gate was high and strong.Some carps swam （5）r eally hard and tried to jump high.But most of （6）t hem fell down into the river and gave up.Only one carp tried and tried again.At last，it （7）m anaged to jump over it with the help of water.It touched Dayu a lot and he gave the carp a red print（印记） on its head.Amazingly，it （8）t urned the special carp into a dragon.In fact，the story of the carp jumping over the dragon's gate is about the little fish （9）w ith a big dream.It offers us a wonderful （10）l esson .Let's be brave like the carp，and jump over the dragon's gate in our daily life.
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：龙年是中国人最喜欢的年份之一，因为他们相信龙能带来好运。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填favorite（最喜欢的），故填favorite。
（2）考查动词第三人称单数。句意：《三秦志》是汉代的一本书，介绍了鲤鱼跳龙门的故事。结合语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般现在时，主语it第三人称单数形式，空缺处应填动词第三人称单数形式introduces（介绍），故填introduces。
（3）考查名词。句意：在这个地区，湍急的水流形成了瀑布。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填area（地区），故填area。
（4）考查动词。句意：统治者大禹想选一条鲤鱼当守门人，如果它能跳过龙门的话。want to do sth.想做某事；结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填动词pick（挑选），故填pick。
（5）考查副词。句意：有些鲤鱼游得很费劲，还试着跳得很高。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填really（很），故填really。
（6）考查动词宾格。句意：但它们中的大多数掉进河里放弃了。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填them（它们）指代鲤鱼，故填them。
（7）考查动词过去式。句意：最后，在水的帮助下它应对跳过了龙门。结合语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般过去时，空缺处应填动词过去式managed（应付），故填managed。
（8）考查动词过去式。句意：令人惊奇的是，它把这条特殊的鲤鱼变成了一条龙。结合语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般过去时，空缺处动词过去式应填turned（变成），故填turned。
（9）考查介词。句意：事实上，鲤鱼跳龙门的故事是关于小鱼儿的一个大梦想。结合语境及首字母提示，空缺处应填介词with表示伴随，故填with。
（10）考查名词。句意：它给我们上了一堂精彩的课。结合语境及首字母提示，再结合空前不定冠词a，空缺处应填单数名词lesson（课），故填lesson。
9．
Every year，there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world.These disasters kill 90，000 people.Other 200 million people were seriously hurt.When people know a storm is coming，they leave for shelters or s （1） afe areas.But what happens to the animals？
D （2） anger for Animals
During storms and other disasters，animals cannot usually go to shelters without help.Storms can hurt animals in different ways.High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats.Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish.Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don't people take their animals with them？Some shelters don't have enough space or don't take pets.Sometimes，t （3） errible things can happen.In 2005，600，000 pets died in New Orleans，USA，during Hurricane（飓风） Katrina because their owners left them behind.The animals couldn't swim.They didn't have food，either.
Ways to Help
Many people help animals before，during，and after disasters.Before storms，some volunteers w （4） arn people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters.During a storm，they look for animals and save them.Some volunteers also help wild animals，such as birds，deer and even koalas in Australia.They give the animals m （5） edical care.After the storm，many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded.High water is very dirty and can make animals sick.They give the animals medicine.They help the animals feel better.
R （6） easons to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people.Most people don't want animals to die.It's expensive to lose farm animals.Also，dead animals bring disease.In addition，some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.T （7） herefore ，taking care of animals during storms is important.This helps the animals，and it helps people，too.
【解答】 （1）考查形容词。句意：当人们知道风暴即将来临时，他们会前往避难所或安全区域。根据When people know a storm is coming，（当人们知道风暴即将来临时，）结合首字母可知空处应填：安全的，故填：safe。
（2）考查名词。句意：对动物的危险。根据During storms and other disasters，animals cannot usually go to shelters without help.（在风暴和其他灾害期间，动物通常无法在没有帮助的情况下进入避难所。）结合首字母可知空处应填：危险，句子首字母大写，故填：Danger。
（3）考查形容词。句意：有时，可怕的事情会发生。根据In 2005，600，000 pets died in New Orleans，USA，during Hurricane（飓风） Katrina because their owners left them behind.（2005年，卡特里娜飓风期间，美国新奥尔良有60万只宠物因主人遗弃而死亡。）结合首字母可知空处应填：可怕的，故填：terrible。
（4）考查动词。句意：在暴风雨来临之前，一些志愿者警告人们把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。根据take pets and farm animals to the shelters.（把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。）结合首字母可知空处应填：警告，故填：warn。
（5）考查名词。句意：他们给动物医疗护理。根据Some volunteers also help wild animals，such as birds，deer and even koalas in Australia.（一些志愿者也帮助野生动物，如澳大利亚的鸟、鹿甚至考拉。）结合首字母可知空处应填：医疗，故填：medical。
（6）考查名词。句意：帮助的理由。根据Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people.（动物是我们社区的一部分，它们应该得到人们的帮助。）结合首字母可知空处应填：理由，故填：Reasons。
（7）考查副词。句意：因此，在暴风雨中照顾动物很重要。根据In addition，some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.（此外，一些人因为在灾难中与他们的动物待在一起而死亡。）结合首字母可知空处应填：因此，故填：Therefore。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
10．
If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing's Sanlitun area，sanitation （环卫） worker Zhang Jianna may be your helpful （1）g uide .
Zhang is a 50﹣year﹣old migrant worker from Hebei Province.She has worked as a waitress and a sales clerk in Beijing.In 2012，she became a sanitation worker in Sanlitun.
There are many embassies （大使馆） in the area.One day in 2014，a foreigner walked up to Zhang（2）o utside an embassy.He asked her some questions，but she couldn't understand him.The two looked confusedly at each other.After high school，Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge.That day，she（3）d ecided to relearn the language.
Zhang began to study her children's English textbooks.She memorized the words at night and repeated them the next morning.In her free time，she used some apps on her smartphone to learn English.She also practiced English（4）c onversations with her children.
Zhang's efforts have paid off.Now，she can pronounce（5）c learly and talk fluently（流利地）to English﹣speaking tourists.She can help them with directions and give information about the city.Zhang is in charge of a sanitation team.They （6）n eed to clean more than 100，000 square meters of road.They also clean more than three hundred （7）w aste bins near 56 embassies.Zhang has learned the English names of all these embassies as well.
"English is like a （8）b ridge ，"said Zhang."It helps me （9）i ntroduce Beijing to the world."The hardworking sanitation worker even （10）p lans to study a new language in the future."I've heard that French is beautiful，and I'd like to learn it!"
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：如果你是一名外国游客，在北京三里屯迷路了，环卫工人张建娜可能会是你的得力向导。根据If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing's Sanlitun area（如果你是一名外国游客，在北京三里屯迷路了），结合首字母，可知是guide"向导"，这里表示特指，故用其单数形式。故填guide。
（2）考查介词。句意：2014年的一天，一名外国人在大使馆外走向张。根据an embassy（一座大使馆），结合首字母，可知是outside"在…...的外面"。故填outside。
（3）考查动词。句意：那天，她决定重新学习这门语言。根据He asked her some questions，but she couldn't understand him.The two looked confusedly at each other.After high school，Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge.（他问了她一些问题，但她听不懂。两人困惑地看着对方。高中毕业后，张已经忘记了大部分英语知识。），结合首字母，可知是decide to do sth"决定做某事"，根据前句的looked，可知时态为一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided。故填decided。
（4）考查名词。句意：她还和孩子们练习英语对话。根据with her children（和她的孩子们），结合首字母，可知是conversation"交谈"，这里用其复数形式表示泛指。故填conversations。
（5）考查副词。句意：现在，她可以清晰地发音，并能流利地与说英语的游客交谈。根据Zhang's efforts have paid off（张的努力得到了回报），结合首字母，可知是clearly"清晰地"，修饰动词pronounce。故填clearly。
（6）考查动词。句意：他们需要清扫超过10万平方米的道路。根据clean more than 100，000 square meters of road（清扫超过10万平方米的道路），结合首字母，可知是need to do sth"需要做某事"，主语为They，时态为一般现在时，故用need的原形。故填need。
（7）考查名词。句意：他们还清理了56个大使馆附近的300多个垃圾箱。根据bins，结合首字母，可知是waste bins"垃圾桶"。故填waste。
（8）考查名词。句意：英语就像一座桥梁。根据It helps me...Beijing to the world（它帮助我向世界......北京），结合首字母，可知是bridge"桥"，前有不定冠词a，故用其单数形式。故填bridge。
（9）考查动词。句意：它帮助我向世界介绍北京。根据It helps me...Beijing to the world（它帮助我向世界......北京），结合首字母，可知是introduce"介绍"，help sb do sth"帮助某人做某事"，故用introduce的原形。故填introduce。
（10）考查动词。句意：这位努力工作的环卫工人甚至计划将来学习一门新语言。根据study a new language in the future（学习一门新语言），结合首字母，可知是plan to do sth"计划做某事"，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数形式，故用plan的第三人称单数形式plans。故填plans。
11．
The film Blossoms directed by Wang Jiawei was a great success.The film based upon Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms drew a lot of attention and （1）p raise with a high score of 9.5 on the Internet.
Jin Yucheng，the 9th Mao Dun Literature Prize winner，is （2）f amous for his novel Blossoms.To Shanghai art lovers，he is also a skilled painter.
On November 25，2023，Jin Yucheng opened an exhibition（展览）at the Bund One Museum in Shanghai.It （3）l asted until January 28，2024.At the exhibition，people could see more than 200 paintings， （4）i ncluding 40 illustrations（插图）of the novel Blossoms.
Titled "Blossoms"，the exhibition took the same name as the novel for （5）w hich Jin won the Mao Dun Prize.The 71﹣year﹣old writer was an editor of the Shanghai Literature magazine.In the book，he describes the local lives from the 1960s to the 1990s.With wide use of the local Shanghai dialect （方言），Blossoms won nearly all the top prizes in Chinese literature shortly after it （6）c ame out in 2012.
When asked about his early connection to art，Jin （7）r eplied ， "It all related to a book of Tutorial Pen Drawings for the Architecture Department in the 1970s." At that time，Jin was one of young Chinese people sent to work in the countryside of Heilongjiang Province.He could not remember how often he studied the book in the dormitory （宿舍） of a farm in northeast China.After （8）r eturning to Shanghai in 1976，Jin worked in a clock and watch （9）f actory ，and he learned mechanical（机械的）drawing for half a year，which was suitable for his painting skills.
The exhibition for Jin Yucheng's novel Blossoms （10）s uccessfully brought the story to life and gave readers a deeper understanding of the culture and traditions of Shanghai.In it，visitors could see how Jin's writing and painting had influenced each other.Besides，they could also appreciate the beauty of everyday life and experience the city through the eyes of the artist.
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：这部根据金宇澄小说《繁华》改编的电影在网络上获得了9.5分的高分，引起了广泛关注和称赞。根据attention"关注"和and"和"可知，此处应填名词。结合首字母可知，praise"称赞"，符合题意。故填praise。
（2）考查形容词。句意：金宇澄，第九届茅盾文学奖获得者，以长篇小说《繁华》而闻名。根据句意结合首字母可知，是以长篇小说《繁华》而闻名。be famous for"因......而闻名"，固定短语。故填famous。
（3）考查动词。句意：展览一直持续到2024年1月28日。根据On November 25，2023，Jin Yucheng opened an exhibition（展览）at the Bund One Museum in Shanghai.（ 2023年11月25日，金宇澄在上海外滩一号博物馆举办了一场展览。）结合首字母可知，是展览一直持续到2024年1月28日，last"持续"，动词。根据前句中的opened可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式lasted。故填lasted。
（4）考查介词。句意：在展览中，人们可以看到200多幅绘画，包括小说《繁华》的40幅插图。根据people could see more than 200 paintings，（人们可以看到200多幅绘画，）结合首字母可知，此处指"包括小说《繁华》的40幅插图。"，结合空后的名词illustrations可知，此处应填介词including"包括"。故填including。
（5）考查关系代词。句意：展览名为"花开"，与金获得茅盾文学奖的小说同名。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，结合首字母可知，用which引导。故填which。
（6）考查动词。句意：《繁华》在2012年出版后不久就凭借广泛使用当地上海话赢得了几乎所有中国文学的最高奖项。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"出版"。come out"出版"，固定短语。根据句中的won可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式came。故填came。
（7）考查动词。句意：当被问及他与艺术的早期联系时，金回答说："这一切都与20世纪70年代建筑系的一本钢笔画教程有关。"根据When asked about his early connection to art，（当被问及他与艺术的早期联系时，）结合首字母可知，此处指"回答"。reply"回答"，动词。根据前句中的asked可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式replied。故填replied。
（8）考查动名词。句意：1976年回到上海后，金在一家钟表厂工作，他学习了半年的机械制图，这与他的绘画技能相适应。根据At that time，Jin was one of young Chinese people sent to work in the countryside of Heilongjiang Province.（当时，金是被派到黑龙江省农村工作的中国年轻人之一。）结合首字母可知，此处指"回到上海后"。return"回到"，动词。空前为介词After，所以此处填动名词returning。故填returning。
（9）考查名词。句意：1976年回到上海后，金在一家钟表厂工作，他学习了半年的机械制图，这与他的绘画技能相适应。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"钟表厂"。factory"工厂"，可数名词单数，结合空前的a可知，此处填名词单数形式。故填factory。
（10）考查副词。句意：金宇澄的小说《繁华》展览成功地将这个故事栩栩如生地展现出来，并让读者更深入地了解上海的文化和传统。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"展览成功地将这个故事栩栩如生地展现出来"。空格处在句中修饰动词brought，所以应填副词，successfully"成功地"，符合题意。故填successfully。
12．
One day，while I was walking along a beach，I saw the footprints of a man in the sand!I was very （1）s urprised ，and also afraid.Was there another person on my island？
I （2）l ooked around and listened carefully，but I couldn't see or hear anyone.I （3）h urried back to my castle and pulled the ladder up behind me.I was very worried and I didn't go out for three days.I couldn't （4）f orget the footprints.
"Perhaps someone from the mainland came in a boat and then left again，"I thought.But if that's （5）t rue ，why do they come？Do they want to kill me？"
Suddenly I didn't feel （6）s afe any more.On the third day I had to go out to get some food and milk the goats.I didn't see anyone and I began to feel less frightened.But the next day I started to （7）b uild another stronger fence around my castle.
I was also worried about my goats.
"I don't want the savages（野蛮人） to find them，"I thought."I must find a safer （8）p lace for them.I'm going to start looking for one tomorrow.During the following weeks I walked all over the island.One day when I was exploring the west part，I had a very unpleasant （9）e xperience .From the top of a hill I saw a boat on the sea.It was going towards the land in the distance.When I walked （10）d own the hill to the beach，I saw something that made me feel ill.The sand was covered in bones and pieces of men's bodies!
I thanked God that I was not like them.I felt very angry and I wanted to kill them.
﹣﹣Taken from Robinson Crusoe
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：我很吃惊。根据"I saw the footprints of a man in the sand! "（我在沙滩上看到了一个人的脚印!）可知，我发现了沙滩上的脚印，故我很吃惊。surprised"吃惊的"修饰人。故填surprised。
（2）考查动词。句意：我环顾四周，仔细地听着，但我看不到或听到任何人。根据"...around and listened carefully，but I couldn't see or hear anyone."（我环顾四周，仔细地听着，但我看不到或听到任何人。）及首字母可知，空处指"环顾四周"，look around表示"环顾四周"，为固定短语，因本文是描述发生过的事，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词look需用过去式looked。故填looked。
（3）考查动词。句意：我匆忙回到我的城堡，拉起身后的梯子。根据"...back to my castle and pulled the ladder up behind me."（我匆忙回到我的城堡，拉起身后的梯子。）及首字母可知，指匆忙回到城堡。hurry"匆忙"为动词，其过去式为hurried。故填hurried。
（4）考查动词。句意：我不能忘记脚印。根据"I couldn't f...the footprints."（我不能忘记脚印。）可知，空处指"忘记"，其英文为forget，couldn't后跟动词原形。故填forget。
（5）考查形容词。句意：但如果那是真的，他们为什么来？根据" 'But if that's t...，why do they come？Do they want to kill me？' "（但如果那是真的，他们为什么来？他们想杀我吗？）可知，作者推测有人从陆地来了，然后又走了，如果这是真的，他们为什么来。故空处指"真的"，需形容词true。故填true。
（6）考查形容词。句意：突然，我感到不再安全。根据"But the next day I started to b...another stronger fence around my castle."（但第二天我开始在我的城堡周围建造另一道更坚固的栅栏。）可知，第二天我在城堡周围建了坚固的栅栏，说明我感到不安全。safe"安全的"为形容词，在句中作表语。故填safe。
（7）考查动词。句意：但第二天我开始在我的城堡周围建造另一道更坚固的栅栏。根据"...another stronger fence around my castle."（但第二天我开始在我的城堡周围建造另一道更坚固的栅栏。）可知，空处指"建造"，其英文为build，to后跟动词原形。故填build。
（8）考查名词。句意：我必须为他们找到一个更安全的地方。根据" I'm going to start looking for one tomorrow. "（我明天就开始找。）可知，明天我去寻找地方，故空处指"地方"，其英文为place，为可数名词，a后跟名词单词。故填place。
（9）考查名词。句意：有一天，我在西部探险时，我有一个非常不愉快的经历。根据"I had a very unpleasant e..."（我有一个非常不愉快的经历。）可知，空处指"经历"，其英文为experience，a后跟名词单数。故填experience。
（10）考查介词。句意：当我沿着山坡走到海滩时，我看到了一些让我感到不舒服的东西。根据"When I walked d...the hill to the beach"（当我沿着山坡走到海滩时）可知，当我从山上下来走到海滩时，故空处指"下来"，需介词down，walked down表示"沿着……下来"。故填down。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
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