人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 3 Sea exploration周测试卷（一）（含解析）

人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 3 Sea exploration
周测试卷（一）
满分：100分 测试时间：40分钟。
品词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
1．Roy told his sorrowful (故事；叙述) with simple words anybody could understand.
2．This year they have introduced three new products to (扩大) their range.
3．Unfortunately, he fell down the stairs and hurt his ankle, which forced him to (撤离) from the competition.
4．Positive parentchild (关系) is beneficial to family harmony and the growth of children.
5．The (锦标赛) is open to both amateurs and professionals.
6．The boss often (剥削) young employees, that is, young employees are at the mercy of the boss.
7． (与此同时), with her parents' help, Lucy is generally able to live a normal teenage life.
8．In the first stage of the competition, Mark will be my leading (对手)．
9．Police (逮捕) five young men in connection with one of the attacks.
10．The three accused, aged between 19 and 20, are charged with attempted (谋杀)．
11. If you don’t know how to acquire a license，you’d better use a d 　　　　　　（目录）service to search for the information needed.
12. The premier declared that there would be stricter controls on the p 　　　　　　（拥有）of weapons.
13. Norris twice knocked down his o 　　　　　　（对手） without mercy in the early rounds of the fight.
14. According to the l 　　　　　　（日志），the manned submersible sailed underwater for about a week before it came to the top.
15. The man was a 　　　　　　（逮捕）and put into prison because he attempted to murder the prime minister of the country.
二、单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The troops have been ________(withdraw) from their position.
2．No ________(agree) was made at the meeting because they didn’t have anything in common.
3．She has devoted most of her time to ________(promote) the local people’s life.
4．Mike has been a ________(profession) football player since the year before last.
5．________ a child, Li Lei began to work in a factory to support his family.
6．Li Ming was the last person ________(take) the driving test this morning.
7．Lily made a phone call to her parents, ________(tell) them a piece of good news.
8．The composition is well written except ________ the poor handwriting.
9．The farmer sat under the tree all day long ________(expect) for another unlucky rabbit.
10．It remains ________(see) whether this plan is perfect or not.
阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Every parent wants their children to develop well. Sometimes it seems that a child’s game is empty entertainment and it would be better to replace it with something more useful. However, for a child, play is the main way of interacting with the world, mastering new knowledge and skills.
The game forms a unique model of the world, redesigned in accordance with the needs and capabilities of the children. It reflects the real world and helps to master it. That is why it is so important to choose the right toys for your children.
For a child, any game is the same productive activity as work for an adult. And if the result of adult work is the produced “product”, for children, the result of the game is new knowledge about the world and a better understanding of how the world works. Interacting with other children during the game, the child develops his or her own style of behavior and communication. In short, play is critical to development because it is the way a child interacts with the world.
Through the game, children learn new skills and develop speech, thinking and logic, memory, attention and other mental functions. In games, children learn to follow the rules, control their behaviors, develop communication skills with peers and adults. Often the game becomes a way for children to cope with their difficult experiences and express their feelings of fear, anger, resentment, sadness and shame. The game also will bring pleasure, joy and a lot of other positive emotions to children- and the significance of this cannot be underestimated. Also, through the game, children learn to be proud of their success, which supports their self-esteem. Adequate self-esteem is the key to the full development of the individual.
The role of an adult in play is to support and encourage the child. This helps the child understand that his opinion is valuable, and his ideas and fantasies deserve respect.
1. What is the parents’ view on playing a game
A. It hits the enthusiasm of developing children.
B. It’s not a good way of developing children.
C. It’s a disaster while interacting with the world.
D. It’s a traditional way of children’s development.
2. What does the underlined word “product” in paragraph 3 refer to for children
A. New knowledge and theory.
B. Reflection of work value,
C. Output from hardworking.
D. Wonderment from growth stage.
3. What can we learn about children from paragraph 4
A. They’ll know how to play a game.
B. They’ll create rules of playing a game,
C. They’ll benefit a lot from playing a game.
D. They’ll share the experience of playing a game.
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Build Important Life Skills Through Play
B. Change the Ways of Developing Life Skills
C. Test the Importance of Play on Life Skills
D. Keep Away from Play to Develop Children
B
Humans have been living and working on the space station for over 20 years. Their meals are packaged, though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats from resupply missions. The longer that packaged food is stored, the more it loses nutrients like vitamin C and vitamin K.
Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance to sample (品尝) each one. The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first chili peppers (辣椒) grown in space. The crew finally
had a chance to taste the peppers after initially kicking off the plant experiment on the space station in July.
Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date because peppers take much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants. After growing for four months, the peppers were harvested on Friday.
Peppers provide a great source of vitamin C, as well as other key nutrients. Pepper plants self-pollinate (自花授粉), so they are easy to grow, and they are a pick-and-eat crop that doesn’t have to be cooked. They are also safe to eat raw.
A side effect of life in zero gravity is that astronauts often lose some of their taste and smell, so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite. Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows astronauts to liven up their regular meals. But growing and tending to the plants can also produce other benefits.
Astronauts have described the joy from seeing — as well as smelling and caring for — leafy green plants on the space station that remind them of Earth.
“Growing colorful vegetables in space can have long-term benefits for physical and psychological health,” said Matt Romeyn, principal investigator for the experiment. “We are discovering that growing plants and vegetables with colors and smells helps to improve astronauts’ well-being.”
5. How is the food astronauts eat on the space station
A. Always fresh. B. Lack of nutrients.
C. Never tasty. D. Full of vitamins.
6. What makes Plant Habitat-04 one of the most complex plant experiments
A. The technology. B. Growing process.
C. The varieties of plants. D. Growing time required.
7. Which is the most probable reason for adding peppers to food for astronauts
A. Peppers are delicious. B. Peppers can improve memory.
C. Peppers help prevent diseases. D. Peppers can restore appetite.
8. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. The Fun of Growing Chili Peppers in Space
B. The Agricultural Goal in the Space Mission
C. The First Chili Peppers Grown in Space
D. The Chili Peppers Used in the Space Mission
四、 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Texas mother is helping children around the world learn a new language through her bilingual (双语的) teddy bear line. Dr. Tameka Maiden says she was trying to teach her then-1-year-old daughter, Tori, the colors when she ____1____ the idea for Cubby Love Bears, a line of colorful teddy bears that recite (诵读) letters, words, and numbers in English and Spanish.
“I ____2____ my daughter to have more exposure in the world than just English,” Maiden, 38, explains. “Most kids don’t learn a second ____3____ until they’re in high school, so I was like, ‘How about I start them ____4____ and that way, they’ll have a foundation (基础) and by the time they get ____5____, it’s something that they’ll already have and they can expand on ”
Now 7 years old, Tori, along with hundreds of other ____6____ around the world, have ____7____ how to recite colors, letters and numbers in English and Spanish, ____8____ Maiden’s brand.
“My ____9____ was to make the children be impactful in the world,” Maiden says. “I know that the most impactful _____10_____ that a child can have is communication.”
_____11_____ Maiden thought up the idea in 2016, it wasn’t until 2021 that her product line was officially launched.
“It took a while because I was _____12_____,” she admits. “When you create something, you never _____13_____ if people will be receptive (乐于接受的) to it or not…my daughter _____14_____ me to jump and go for it.”
She _____15_____ developed four different bears. “Babies are being born every second and communication is the key to everything,” adds Maiden.
1. A. passed on B. came up with C. tried out D. made up for
2. A. convinced B. forced C. wanted D. promised
3. A. subject B. hobby C. skill D. language
4. A. early B. suddenly C. frequently D. quickly
5. A. simpler B. older C. smarter D. healthier
6. A. translators B. parents C. children D. foreigners
7. A. decided B. wondered C. explained D. learned
8. A. thanks to B. regardless of C. in return for D. in terms of
9. A. contribution B. goal C. research D. suggestion
10. A. dream B. choice C. idea D. tool
11. A. Though B. Once C. If D. Unless
12. A. fearful B. playful C. competitive D. careless
13. A. ask B. mind C. know D. remember
14. A. invited B. taught C. motivated D. ordered
15. A. occasionally B. eventually C. regularly D. immediately
五、语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
As a student in Pakistan, it had always been my dream ___1___ (come) to China and immerse myself in its culture and events.In 2022, my dream finally came true. I arrived in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, to study at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
Chengdu, with its exquisite cuisine and rich history, attracted me from the moment I set foot in the city. ___2___ (situate) in the heart of Sichuan, Chengdu spreads out over the rich Chengdu Plain and is home to the ancient Dujiangyan irrigation system. It owes its ___3___ (survive) to the mighty Minjiang River.
Over the past more than a year, I ___4___ (have) the incredible opportunity to explore this magnificent city and witness its significant events firsthand. During one vacation, I had the pleasure of ___5___ (visit) the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, an absolute must-see attraction in the city. This visit introduced me to ___6___ whole new world. The base serves ___7___ a place for public education and tourism, offering interactive activities that allow people to connect with these magnificent ___8___(creature).
My journey in Chengdu has just begun. With each passing day, I become more thankful for many
chances ___9__ invite me, promising to deepen ____10____ (I) understanding of China and create lifelong memories.
参考答案：
词汇运用：
1. tale 2. extend 3. withdraw 4. bond 5. tournament 6. exploits
7．Meanwhile 8. opponent 9. arrested 10．murder
11. directory　12. possession　 13. opponent　14. log 15. arrested
单句语法填空：
1.withdrawn　2.agreement　3.promoting 4．professional　5.As　6.to take　7.telling　8.for 9．to expect　10.to be seen
阅读理解
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是游戏对孩子的帮助作用。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sometimes it seems that a child’s game is empty entertainment and it would be better to replace it with something more useful.”（有时，孩子的游戏似乎是空洞的娱乐，最好用更有用的东西来取代它。）可推知，有时候，在父母看来，孩子们玩得游戏是没有意义的。故选B。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句后“for children, the result of the game is new knowledge about the world and a better understanding of how the world works.”（对于孩子们来说，游戏的结果是对世界有了新的认识，更好地理解了世界是如何运作的。）可知，通过游戏，可以使得孩子对世界形成新的认知。因此划线词此处的含义为“新的知识和理论”，故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Through the game, children learn new skills and develop speech, thinking and logic, memory, attention and other mental functions.”（通过游戏，孩子们学习新的技能，发展语言、思维和逻辑、记忆、注意力等心理功能。）可知，孩子们可以从游戏中获益。故选C。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合文章第二段“The game forms a unique model of the world, redesigned in accordance with the needs and capabilities of the children. It reflects the real world and helps to master it. That is why it is so important to choose the right toys for your children.”（游戏形成了一
个独特的世界模型，根据孩子们的需求和能力进行了重新设计。它反映了真实的世界，并有助于掌握它。这就是为什么为你的孩子选择合适的玩具是如此重要。）第三段中“for children, the result of the game is new knowledge about the world and a better understanding of how the world works.”（对于孩子们来说，游戏的结果是对世界有了新的认识，更好地理解了世界是如何运作的。）第四段“Through the game, children learn new skills and develop speech, thinking and logic, memory, attention and other mental functions.”（通过游戏，孩子们学习新的技能，发展语言、思维和逻辑、记忆、注意力等心理功能。）最后一段“The role of an adult in play is to support and encourage the child. This helps the child understand that his opinion is valuable, and his ideas and fantasies deserve respect.”（成人在游戏中的角色是支持和鼓励孩子。这有助于孩子理解他的意见是有价值的，他的想法和幻想值得尊重。）可知，本文主要讲述的是游戏对孩子的帮助作用。选项A“通过游戏培养重要的生活技能”，可以充分地概括文章主旨，故选A。
【答案】5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员们在国际空间站首次种植辣椒的实验的相关情况。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The longer that packaged food is stored, the more it loses nutrients like vitamin C and vitamin K.(包装食品储存的时间越长，失去的维生素C和维生素K等营养物质就越多)”可知，包装食品放得时间越长，它就损失越多营养。因此可推知，太空站宇航员吃的食物缺少营养。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date because peppers take much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants.(Plant Habitat-04是迄今为止轨道实验室中最复杂的植物实验之一，因为辣椒的生长时间比之前的实验植物长得多)”可知，Plant Habitat-04是最为复杂的植物实验之一，是因为辣椒的生长周期比其他之前做过实验的植物长。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“A side effect of life in zero gravity is that astronauts often lose
some of their taste and smell, so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite. Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows astronauts to liven up their regular meals.(在零重力环境下生活的一个副作用是宇航员经常会失去一些味觉和嗅觉，所以刺激性或调料丰富的食物是他们的最爱。在菜单中加入新鲜的蔬菜或辣椒可以让宇航员的日常饮食更有活力)”可知，零重力环境的一个副作用是宇航员们经常失去一部分味觉和嗅觉，把辣椒添加到食物中可以让宇航员恢复食欲。故选D项。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first chili peppers (辣椒) grown in space.(周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一场派对，庆祝第一批太空辣椒的收获)”可知，文章主要介绍了宇航员们在国际空间站首次进行种植辣椒实验的相关情况。C项“第一次在太空种植辣椒”符合文章主旨，适合作本文的标题。故选C项。
完形填空
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了德克萨斯州的一位母亲Tameka Maiden正在通过她的双语泰迪熊系列帮助世界各地的孩子学习一门新语言。
【1题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Tameka Maiden博士说，她正试图教当时一岁的女儿Tori认识颜色时，想出了“Cubby Love Bears”这个主意。这是一款彩色泰迪熊，可以背诵英语和西班牙语的字母、单词和数字。A. passed on传递；B. came up with提出；C. tried out尝试；D. made up for弥补。根据后文“the idea for Cubby Love Bears”指为了教当时一岁的女儿Tori认识颜色，Maiden博士想出了“Cubby Love Bears”这个主意。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要我的女儿能接触到更多的世界，而不仅仅是英语。A. convinced说服；使相信；B. forced迫使；C. wanted想要；D. promised承诺。根据后文“my daughter to have more exposure in the world than just English”可知，Maiden想要女儿能接触到更多的世界，而不仅仅是英语。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“大多数孩子直到高中才学习第二语言，所以我想，‘不如我早点开始，这样，他们就会有基础，等他们长大了，这是他们已经有的东西，他们可以扩展？’”A. subject物体；B. hobby爱好；C. skill技能；D. language语言。根据后文“in two of the top three most influential languages”可知，这个想法主要是关于学习语言的。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. early早地；B. suddenly突然地；C. frequently频繁地；D. quickly快速地。根据后文“they'll have a foundation”可知，她认为要趁着年纪小早点开始，好打基础。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. simpler更简单的；B. older更老的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. healthier更健康的。根据后文“it's something that they'll already have and they can expand on”可知，小时候打基础，所以当他们长大的时候，他们已经有了一些东西，他们可以扩展。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了Maiden的品牌，今年7岁的Tori和世界各地的数百名孩子一起，学会了如何用21世纪最具影响力的三种语言中的两种来背诵颜色、字母和数字。A. translators翻译；B. parents父母；C. children孩子；D. foreigners外国人。根据上文“Now 7 years old, Tori — along with hundreds of other”指今年7岁的Tori和世界各地的数百名孩子一起，学会了如何用21世纪最具影响力的三种语言中的两种来背诵颜色、字母和数字。后文“was to make the children”也是提示。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. decided决定；B. wondered想知道；C. explained解释；D. learned学习。根据后文“how to recite colors, letters and numbers in two of the top three most influential languages of the 21st century”可知，此处指学会了如何用21世纪最具影响力的三种语言中的两种来背诵颜色、字母和数字。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. thanks to多亏了；B. regardless of不管；不顾；C. in return for作为回报；D. in terms of就……而言。根据后文“Maiden's brand”可知，Tori能够和世界各地
的数百名孩子一起学习，多亏了母亲的品牌。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标是让孩子们在世界上有影响力。A. contribution贡献；B. goal目标；C. research研究；D. suggestion建议。根据后文“was to make the children be influential in the world”是在说明她的目标。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道孩子能拥有的最强大的工具是沟通。A. dream梦想；B. choice选择；C. idea想法；D. tool工具。由上文可知，Maiden的想法主要是帮助孩子学习语言。因此，孩子能拥有的最强大的工具是沟通。故选D。
【11题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管Maiden在2016年就有了这个想法，但直到2021年，她的产品线才正式推出。A. Though尽管；B. Once一旦；C. If如果；D. Unless除非。根据下文“it wasn’t until 2021 that her product line was officially launched”可知，此处引导让步状语从句，表示转折，应用though。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这花了一段时间，因为我很害怕。A. fearful恐惧的；B. playful开玩笑的；C. competitive竞争的；D. careless粗心的。根据后文“if people will be receptive to it or not ...”可知，Maiden充满对未知的恐惧。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你创造一些东西时，你永远不知道人们是否会接受它……A. ask询问；B. mind介意；C. know知道；D. remember记得。根据后文“if people will be receptive to it or not ...”指不知道人们是否会接受它。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女儿激励我去尝试。A. invited邀请；B. taught教；C. motivated激励；D. ordered命令。根据后文“me to jump and go for it”可知为短语motivate sb.to do sth.表示“激励某人做某事”。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她最终开发出了四种不同的熊。A. occasionally偶尔地；B. eventually最后；C. regularly定期地；D. immediately立即地。根据后文“developed four different bears” 指
她最终开发出了四种不同的熊。故选B。
语法填空
【答案】1. to come
2. Situated
3. survival
4. have had
5. visiting
6. a 7. as
8. creatures
9. that 10. my
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者作为巴基斯坦学生在成都生活的经历。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名在巴基斯坦的学生，我一直梦想着来中国，让自己沉浸在中国的文化和活动中。此处为句型it be n. to do sth.，不定式为真正主语。故填to come。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：成都位于四川的中心地带，分布在富饶的成都平原上，是古老的都江堰灌溉系统的所在地。此处situate与构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Situated。
【3题详解】
考查名词。句意：它的生存要归功于强大的闽江。作动词的宾语，应用名词survival，不可数。故填survival。
【4题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去一年多的时间里，我有机会探索这座宏伟的城市，亲眼目睹了它的重大事件。根据上文Over the past more than a year可知为现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have had。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个假期里，我有幸参观了成都大熊猫繁育研究基地，这是这座城市绝对不容错过的景点。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填visiting。
【6题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这次访问使我认识了一个全新的世界。此处world为泛指，且whole是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【7题详解】
考查介词。句意：该基地作为公共教育和旅游场所，提供互动活动，让人们与这些宏伟的生物建立联系。短语serve as表示“作为”。故填as。
【8题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：该基地作为公共教育和旅游场所，提供互动活动，让人们与这些宏伟的生物建立联系。根据上文these可知creature应用复数。故填creatures。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：每过一天，我都会更加感谢许多邀请我的机会，这些机会有望加深我对中国的了解，并给我留下终生难忘的回忆。定语从句修饰先行词chances，在从句作主语，指物，故填that。
【10题详解】
考查代词。句意：每过一天，我都会更加感谢许多邀请我的机会，这些机会有望加深我对中国的了解，并给我留下终生难忘的回忆。修饰名词understanding应用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。