2024年中考英语任务阅读考前辅导
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2024年江苏省中考任务型阅读解题指导和高频词
一、看懂表格
横着看 竖着看
尽可能选原文的单词,转换也要根据原文的单词
三、注意第一段和最后一段（通常首尾呼应，有时任务型最后一个单词要在第一段找）
四、 注意固定搭配 一眼能够看出答案（还需要文本验证）
1. make a difference to 2. pay attention to doing sth
3. devote oneself /时间to doing 4. be aware of=realize意识到
5. depend on 6. including（前面往往有逗号）
7. keep/prevent/stop sb from doing 8. fail to do sth
9. manage to do sth 10. succeed in doing sth
11. be able/unable to do sth 12.be considered as/to be
13 think/speak highly of 高度评价 14. share sth with sb
15. have difficulty doing sth 16.catch/attract one’s attention
17.provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 18. be full of=be filled with
19.balance A with B 20. make use of 使用=use
21. make a great contribution to doing 为...做贡献 22.praise sb. for
23.both...and 24.develop quickly
25.be similar to 26.the same ...as
27.be different from 28 consider...as视...为
五、固定搭配及结构
enough to do sth so…that too…to instead of as a result
because of not ...until
六. 联想 文章中有why/because 表格联想到reason
表格有to do 联想到 purpose
64 of Women’s Day To help 65 women and girls’ dreams.
To help women get chances for leadership equally.
To develop a better work environment for women.
七、对比原则
优点 advantage 2.缺点 disadvantage
3.相同之处similarity 4.不同点 difference
5.过去 in the past 6.现在 at present
7.国内 at home 8.国外 abroad
9.多于 more than 10.少于 less than
11.支持 for 12.反对 against
八、主动和被动之间的转换
主语和宾语反过来转换
九、几个重要的总结词汇
1.问题problem(with) 2.原因 reason(for) cause(of)
3.结果 result 4.方法ways to do sth
5.如何 how to do sth 6.建议 advice(不可数） suggestions tips
7.观点、想法 opinion / idea /thought 8..优缺点advantage disadvantage
9.发展development 10.重要性importance
11.不同之处difference 12.目的 purpose
13.习惯 habit 14.部分 part
15.例子 example 16.失去 the loss of
17.英雄hero 18. history
19.背景background 20.经历experience
21.教育education 22.作品works
23.introduction导入，介绍 24.achievement成就
25. cost 成本、费用 26.活动activity
27.时期 period 28.一个好的选择 a good choice
29.可能性 possibility 30.支持 for（介词）
31.反对against（介词) 32.现在的形势present situation
33.大小 size 34.数量 number
35.looks/appearance 36. 结果 result
37.总结 conclusion 38. 内容；目录 content
39.Basic information 主要信息
十、根据介词解题
1.问题problem(with) 2.原因 reason(for) cause(of)
3.方法ways to do sth=ways of doing sth 4.建议 advice /suggestion on sth
5. 目的the purpose of 6.优势the advantage of
7.make a difference to (doing) sth. 8. 提示tips for
9. make contribution to (doing) sth. 10.prevent /stop/keep...from doing
十一．标题
1、如何做 how to do
2、….的方法 ways to do
3、….的发展 the development of
4、关于…的建议 advice on
5、….的重要性 the importance of
6、...之父 the father of
7、 the history of
十二、注意表格的对等性：如果表格开头用动词原形，就用动词原形
如果表格开头 用ing， 就用ing形式
十三、注意形式
（一）1.instead of doing 2.because of doing
3.before /after/when/while doing 4..by/without doing sth
二）名词注意单复数，动词注意形式（三单、过去式、原形、ing），注意大小写
十四、注意否定和有否定意思的单词
(一)、五大否定词。 never hardly seldom little few
(二)、动词
1.avoid doing sth 2.stop/give up doing sth
3.refuse to do sth 4.fail to do sth
三）、形容词
impossible be unable to do sth
unknown necessary
（四）、介词
Without beyond (beyond control 无法控制，beyond doubt 毋庸置疑）
Except but
情态动词needn’t
十五、重点词汇
重点介词
1、带有 with 2、没有 without
3、除了（不包括）excep 4、除了（包括） besides
5、包括 including 6、像….like
7.不像 unlike 7、反对 against
8、beyond超越
重点动词
1、测试 test 2、建立 build set up
3、实现 realize achieve 4、意识到 realize
5、提高、改善 improve 6、发展 develop
7、出现 appear 消失 disappear 8、保护 protect
9、减少 reduce 10、付得起 afford (to do) sth
11. refuse to do sth 12 avoid doing sth
13.depend on 依靠 14.spread传播，扩散
15. increase 增加increase /reduce the possibility of 增加/减少...的可能性
16.解决solve 17work 奏效
18. matter 重要 What matters most is...
20.satisfy/meet one’s needs 满足
21.prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事
常见名词
1、数量 number 2、百分比 percentage
3、种类 kind type 4、知识 knowledge
5、信息 information 6、文化 culture
7、人口population 8、高度 height
9、长度 length 10、重量weight
11、材料material 12、尺寸 size
重点副词
1、作为代替、instead
重点形容词
1、相同的 similar 2、不同的 different
3、必须的necessary 4、重要的 important
5、 普遍的 common 6、 困难的 difficult/hard
7、 流行的 popular 8、可能的 possible
9、不可能的impossible
10.困难的 difficult/hard
连词
though(让步）but(转折）because（因果）unless（除非,条件）
if（条件）so that(目的）that what
情态动词needn’t(不必）
should
十六、写作结构
英文 中文
introduction 导入
main body 主体部分
conclusion 结论
序号 英文 中文
1 date of birth
2 place of birth
3 talents
4 acting career
十七、注意非谓语和定语从句的转换。主动，ing. 被动， 过去分词
十八、注意谓语动词
These suggestions all help to realize your goals.
All the(65) above helps make your goals come true. （advice)
十九、句意归纳
1.If a goal is too general, it may be hard to achieve.
If a goal is too general, you may (59) to achieve it. ( fail)
2.on their first night, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping.
Too many left-brain activities 60 the bad sleep experience on the first night. (caused)
3.the different rhythms (节奏) of the sides of the brain influence our sleep. When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken.
Whether you can have a good sleep 62 on the balance between the two sides of the brain. (depends)
4.There are some traditions that you can find almost anywhere, anytime,such as sending birthday cards, blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the ‘Happy Birthday’ song
Some traditions are 60 , such as sending cards, blowing out the candles and singing the ‘Happy Birthday’ song. (common)
二十．常见同意转换；
be against=break; 2. not easy=difficult;
3.don’t have enough money=can’t afford sth./to do sth.
4.can’t=be unable to do sth.= have no ability to do sth.
5.be able to do sth. =can=have abilities to do sth.
6. go abroad=go to foreign countries
7.be of great value/help/importance/confidence=be valuable/helpful/important/confident
8.You need to do sth.=It’s necessary for sb. To do sth.
9.matter=be important=be of importance=play an important role=mean a lot to sb.
10.harm sb.=do harmful to sb.=be harmful to sb.=be bad for sb.
11.sb.is coming=sb. is on the way
12.go/come/walk into=enter
13. not the same...as=be different=be unlike
14.it ‘s easy to do sth.=it is not difficult to do sth.=have no difficulty doing sth.
15.provide sth.for sb.=provide sb. with sth.=offer/give sb. sth=offer/offer sth. to ab.
16. stand for=represent 17. review=go over
18. improve=make ...better 19.on the Internet=online
20. be successful in doing= have success in doing=succeed in doing=do sth. Successfully
21. try to do sth. Successfully=manage to do sth
22.be used=be put into use/service 23. use=make use of=take advantage of
24.not /never do sth.= avoid/stop doing sth.=fail to do sth. 25. A or B= either A or B
26. spend some time doing=devote some time to doing= use some time to do sth.
27.be interested in (doing) sth.=show/have/take an interest in (doing) sth.
28.say in a polite/proper/gentle/correct way=say politely/properly/gently/correctly
29. be of sb’s help/support=with sb’s help/support
30.do sth. Confidently/patiently= do sth.with confidence/patience
31. like doing/to do sth. =prefer to do sth.=would rather do sth.
32.doing sth. is a problem =have problem/difficulty/trouble doing sth.=have a hard time doing
33. have fun doing sth.=have a great/good/wonder/nice/fantastic time doingsth.=enjoy oneself
34.alone=by oneself=on one’s own 35.such as= like/including
36. sometimes=at times=from time to time 37. lead to =cause
38. not often do sth.=seldom do sth. 39. people seldom do sth.=few people do sth.
40.It is said/reported/hoped/believed=people say/report/hope/believe
41. far more than= beyond 42. more than +数字=more+数字
43.have/get sth. done=finish/complete doing sth. 44.in general =in a word
45. should do sth.= be supposed to do sth.=ought to do sth.
46. have an influence on =make a great difference to = influence sb.
47. sb. spends some money on/doing sth.
=sb. pays some money for sth,
=sth. cost sb. some money
how much does sb. weigh= what’s the weight of sb. =how heavy is sb.
Sb. is 1.75 meters tall=sb. is 1.75 meter in height
decide to sth= make a decision to do sth.=make up one’s mind to do sth.
can’t help doing=can’t stop doing
ask sb. for help/advice =ask sb’s help/advice
consider=think about 54.think of sb. as =consider sb. as
remember= keep in mind 56.in memory of=remember
as...as sb. can=as...as possible 58. as...as before=as...as sb. used to be
go well with=match 60.be proud of =take pride in
there is ( no) possibility to do sth. =it is possible/impossible to do sth.
have two days’ holiday=have two days off=have a two-day holiday
63.attraction=places of interest 64.notice=take notice of
65.hope for=expect=look forward to
66we all have the same opinion that...=we agree that
67.know=be aware of realize=be aware of
68There are about 300 people in the hall.=the number of the people in the hall is 300.
How many people are there in this country =what’s the population of this country
70.without difficulty → easily 71. come/go/get into =enter
典型真题练习
1
阅读填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 20 分）注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。
Although the U.S. CDC says that there is no evidence ( 证据) to support the spread of COVID-19 through food that doesn’t mean you’re safe when eating.
Here are four most common eating habits that you
shouldn’t choose during the COVID-19 pandemic. They have something to do with catching the virus, explained by the Mayo Clinic.
Staying in restaurants for long
The Mayo Clinic explains that if you go to a restaurant, you shouldn’t stay long. The longer you are around people who don’t wear masks, the more of the virus you breathe in, and the more it can build up and infect (感染) you. According to the Mayo Clinic, if you contact with an infected person within 6 feet for a total of 15 minutes, it’s easier to catch the virus.
Going to restaurants during busy hours
Going to a restaurant at busy hours will make it easier for you to contact with a person infected with COVID-19. The Mayo Clinic recommends that you try not to eat out during the period of day or night.
Not wearing masks or drinking too much
Of course, you need to take off your face mask in order to eat food, but the Mayo Clinic says that you should still wear a face covering as much as possible when you are not actively eating or drinking. It’s bad to drink too much, which can lead to health problems and weight gain. Also, drinking too much alcohol during the COVID-19 may stop you from following safety suggestions, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Washing fruits and vegetables carelessly
Sometimes you wash your fruits and vegetables carelessly in order to save time. You may be infected with COVID-19 if you touch the surfaces with virus. To be as safe as possible, the Mayo Clinic gives the following safety suggestions: wash all fruits and vegetables carefully by running them under water and brushing their thick skin thoroughly. Wash your hands well with soap and water as soon as you get home from the store.
How to keep safe while eating during the COVID-19
Introduction You may 56 catching the virus if you don’t eat properly.
Bad eating habits to 57 Staying in restaurants for long If you stay with the people 58 masks longer, you may breathe in more virus. After 15 minutes’ contact with an infected person, the possibility of catching the virus may 59 .
Going to restaurants during busy hours You may contact with an infected person more easily. Don’t eat out during the 60 of day or night.
Not wearing masks and drinking too much Wear a mask as much as possible. Drinking too much can 61 health problems and weight gain. You may also 62 to follow safety suggestions if you drink much alcohol.
Washing fruits and vegetables carelessly You may catch the virus by 63 the surfaces. Your fruits and vegetables must be clean 64 before eating. Make sure your hands are 65 well at once after getting home from the shop.
答案
56. risk 57. avoid 58. without 59. increase/rise 60. period 61. cause 62. fail 63. touching 64. enough 65. washed
2
Have you ever seen capybarag(水豚) They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents(嗨齿动物)on the earth. Guess what They are new stars on social media now!
Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives.Capybaras’ bodies are covered in reddish-brown fur. When swimming around, thanks to their small eyes, noses and hairless cars which are high on their heads, they're able to see the above-water things around them, That's why they can protect themselves from danger easily. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and it can grow to 1.5 meters in length Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the males.
Most of' them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of' water. Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live, Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop(排泄物)because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need.
Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season). They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds,including purring,barking, whistling, cackling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It's like a capybara language.
With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They' get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully, They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don't hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.
Social media's new stars---Capybaras
Introduction People used to 56 capybaras were a kind of pig, but now we know they arc the largest rodents on the earth.
57 Capybaras look 58 to giant guinea pigs which are their closest relatives. Covered with reddish-brown fur, the male capybaras are not usually as 59 as the female ones.
Living conditions& food Most of them can be 60 in comfortable places with Seen water in South America. They live mainly on grass, while eating their own poop is of some 61 .
Abilities Capybaras are good at 62 and like chatting. They 63 in their ow way, which is like a capybara language.
Personalities They are friendly,calm, and care 64 about what goes on around them. They will take action when 65 a risk.
答案
A)56-60 think/consider; Looks/Appearance; similar; heavy; seen/found;
61-65 help; swimming; chat/communicate/speak/talk; nothing/little; realizing/knowing
3
There are four million people with diabetes (糖尿病) in the UK—that’s one in every 16 people. There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 is less common and is not preventable. In the UK, 90% of diabetes are Type 2. It has something to do with weight gain and a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, but there are other risk reasons. The good news is that around 80% of cases of Type 2 diabetes are preventable.
Are you at risk
Type 2 diabetes can come on slowly. It may not be easy to find the signs. So it is important to understand the risk reasons. People with Type 2 diabetes can feel thirsty, tired and need to go to the toilet more often.
Tips on preventing Type 2
If you have Type 2 diabetes, it is very important to control your weight. If you are overweight, Type 2 diabetes can be avoided by reducing your weight.
Exercise is necessary for good health. It not only helps to keep a healthy weight, but can lower blood-sugar levels because it helps your body to use insulin (胰岛素) more effectively. To have high levels of everyday activities, including walking, housework, playing with children and hobbies—anything that gets you moving.
Also, a healthy diet will help you manage your weight. Vegetables and fruits are low in calories and are rich in vitamins, minerals (矿物质) and fiber (纤维). This is important for good digestion (消化) and slows down the sugars into the blood. However, some types of fruits are high in sugar, so getting most of your five-a-day from vegetables is better.
Whole grains are good for Type 2 diabetes because the husk (外壳) of the seed is kept. This is often the best part of the grain, with fiber and protein (蛋白). Protein is good for Type 2 diabetes. Fish, meats, eggs, nuts and many beans are rich in protein.
Foods high in both fat and sugar are very bad for your health and should be avoided. Water is the best because there aren’t any calories in it while many other drinks, such as soft drinks, energy drinks and milky coffees are really bad.
How to 56 the risk of diabetes
General introduction ● Compared with Type 2, Type 1 is less 57 and can’t be prevented. ● Some Type 2 diabetes are 58 by weight gain and a sedentary lifestyle.
The conditions of Type 2 diabetes ● The signs of Type 2 may not be found 59 . ● People can feel thirsty, tired and need to go to the toilet more often.
Tips on 60 Type 2 Controlling your weight ● 61 Type 2 diabetes by losing weight.
Doing exercise ● Taking high levels of 62 activities.
Having a healthy diet ● Eating more fruits and vegetables 63 of vitamins, mineral and fiber. ● Choosing whole grains and water 64 calories. ● 65 away from those foods high in both fat and sugar.
reduce common caused easily preventing Avoiding everyday/daily full without Keeping
A）阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第 71-80 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Millie Bobby Brown, a child actor with great talent, is growing into a successful adult actor. She’s best known for the role of Eleven in the science fiction drama Stranger Things. In that show, she plays a girl who escapes from a laboratory that was doing experiments on her. She comes out from the lab near a small town in the central United States. Strange events have been taking place there. Millie’s performance in Stranger Things is thought highly of. The role was especially challenging because it required her to show intense emotion (激情) without speaking
much. According to the show’s creators, child actors often find it hard to stay in
character when their characters aren’t speaking. Millie didn’t have that problem, though.
Although she speaks with an American accent (口音) on Stranger Things, Millie
is actually English. However, she was born in Spain and has also lived in the U.S. and Canada. Her parents have supported her dreams of acting, even moving the family to Los Angeles, California, to give her more chances to act.
In 2013, the year after the family moved to Los Angeles, Millie made her first appearance in public as Alice in the TV drama Once Upon a Time in Wonderland. Shortly after that she played the lead role in the show Intruders.
Things haven’t always gone smoothly for Millie, however. At one point, she struggled to get roles, and it was difficult for her family to support her acting dream. They finally moved back to England. But just then Millie was worrying that she would never become a professional ( 职 业 的 ) actor. She got the role in Stranger Things. It began to air in 2016.
Since then, Millie has continued acting, appearing in the movie Godzilla: King of the Monsters. She also produced and starred in Enola Holmes, a Netflix movie about the teenage sister of detective Sherlock Holmes. As a producer, she helped make decisions in the casting and overall look of the film.
Millie has also become UNICEF’s youngest Goodwill Ambassador, a role in which she speaks out for children who need help.
Millie’s rise to fame came as a surprise after a long struggle. But her continuing popularity will likely be more than a passing fad (时尚).
56 Millie Bobby Brown grows into a successful adult actor
Talent She is highly 57 because of her perfect performance in the drama Strange Things. She doesn’t have difficulty 58 in characters when her character isn’t speaking.
Family Support Her parents moved to Los Angeles, which 59 her with more chances to act. Later, her parents found it difficult to keep supporting her dream and 60 to England.
61 Career Millie made her first _ 62 in the TV drama Once Upon a Time in Wonderland in 2013. She played the lead role in the show Intruders. She was well 63 _ for the role of Eleven in Stranger Things. She was not only an actor but also a 64 in Enola Holmes.
Charity work She has worked as the youngest Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF and speaks out for the children in 65 .
A)阅读短文，根据所读内容填入一个最恰当的单词，每空一词。
56. How 57. praised 58. staying 59. provided 60. returned
61. Acting 62. appearance 63. known 64. producer 65. need
综合填空考点以及方法解析：
介词+名词 有的是固定搭配，例如： impress...with..., be happy/strict/patient/satisfied /born
with..., in fact; to one’s surprise...
冠词+名词（注意the,a 区别，a和an 的区别，第一次出现的用a 或an, 上文提到下文再次出
现或是后有限制定语则用the；
动词注意时态和语态；（方法：找准时间，确定时态，如：有since/for +短时间/recently/up to now/until now/by now/in recently years...则用现在完成时；有last.../in +过去的年代/the other day/yesterday.....则用一般过去时；有next/in +短时间 用将来时等等）；
代词考查有 （1）宾格，反身代词，形容词性和名词性的物主代词；（2）ones(代替同一类人
和物）；（3）it，them（代替同一个人或物，注意单复数）；
(4) that /those 在比较两者同一类东西时，为避免重复，后面用that/those代替
E.g. The gravity on Mars is about three-eighths of that on the earth
数词 考查复数，序数词，分数 in one’s/the thirties; on his fortieth birthday; five- twelfths
In /from the 1970s
6. 形容词和副词极其比较级，最高级： 比较级标志词 much,even, far, than; 最高级的标志词：
In/ among/ of短语，one of the 最高级 名词复数
动词用副词修饰(spend money wisely),副词求实形容词（terribly ill），形容词修饰名词，连系动词+形容词 （e.g. remain healthy/unknown...）
连词： 表转折的 though/although; but 表因果关系：since/as/because; so 表条件 if，
unless; 把时间 when/while/whenever....; not...until/till
名词注意单复数,, 指人时还要注意名词所有格（动词/介词/冠词/形容词+名词）
定语从句的关系代词，确定先行词，确定人和物， 注意先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰是用that
固定搭配（for example; in fact;so/such....that...;
非谓语动词的考查：
（1）To realize his dream,he works harder and harder.(表目的）
（2）Entering an ideal high school is his dream. (动名词做主语）
（3）Compared with life on Mars, life on the earth is much better.(过去分词作状语）
（4）Mr Wu walked into the classroom, wearing a smile on his hand.(伴随状语）
（5）looking at the mark, I decided to blow it .伴随状语）
动词不定式： 疑问词+to do ; whether +to do; 动词 (sb.) to do sth.
一、看懂表格
横着看 竖着看
尽可能选原文的单词,转换也要根据原文的单词
三、注意第一段和最后一段（通常首尾呼应，有时任务型最后一个单词要在第一段找）
四、 注意固定搭配 一眼能够看出答案（还需要文本验证）
1. make a difference to 2. pay attention to doing sth
3. devote oneself /时间to doing 4. be aware of=realize意识到
5. depend on 6. including（前面往往有逗号）
7. keep/prevent/stop sb from doing 8. fail to do sth
9. manage to do sth 10. succeed in doing sth
11. be able/unable to do sth 12.be considered as/to be
13 think/speak highly of 高度评价 14. share sth with sb
15. have difficulty doing sth 16.catch/attract one’s attention
17.provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 18. be full of=be filled with
19.balance A with B 20. make use of 使用=use
21. make a great contribution to doing 为...做贡献 22.praise sb. for
23.both...and 24.develop quickly
25.be similar to 26.the same ...as
27.be different from 28 consider...as视...为
五、固定搭配及结构
enough to do sth so…that too…to instead of as a result
because of not ...until
六. 联想 文章中有why/because 表格联想到reason
表格有to do 联想到 purpose
64 of Women’s Day To help 65 women and girls’ dreams.
To help women get chances for leadership equally.
To develop a better work environment for women.
七、对比原则
优点 advantage 2.缺点 disadvantage
3.相同之处similarity 4.不同点 difference
5.过去 in the past 6.现在 at present
7.国内 at home 8.国外 abroad
9.多于 more than 10.少于 less than
11.支持 for 12.反对 against
八、主动和被动之间的转换
主语和宾语反过来转换
九、几个重要的总结词汇
1.问题problem(with) 2.原因 reason(for) cause(of)
3.结果 result 4.方法ways to do sth
5.如何 how to do sth 6.建议 advice(不可数） suggestions tips
7.观点、想法 opinion / idea /thought 8..优缺点advantage disadvantage
9.发展development 10.重要性importance
11.不同之处difference 12.目的 purpose
13.习惯 habit 14.部分 part
15.例子 example 16.失去 the loss of
17.英雄hero 18. history
19.背景background 20.经历experience
21.教育education 22.作品works
23.introduction导入，介绍 24.achievement成就
25. cost 成本、费用 26.活动activity
27.时期 period 28.一个好的选择 a good choice
29.可能性 possibility 30.支持 for（介词）
31.反对against（介词) 32.现在的形势present situation
33.大小 size 34.数量 number
35.looks/appearance 36. 结果 result
37.总结 conclusion 38. 内容；目录 content
39.Basic information 主要信息
十、根据介词解题
1.问题problem(with) 2.原因 reason(for) cause(of)
3.方法ways to do sth=ways of doing sth 4.建议 advice /suggestion on sth
5. 目的the purpose of 6.优势the advantage of
7.make a difference to (doing) sth. 8. 提示tips for
9. make contribution to (doing) sth. 10.prevent /stop/keep...from doing
十一．标题
1、如何做 how to do
2、….的方法 ways to do
3、….的发展 the development of
4、关于…的建议 advice on
5、….的重要性 the importance of
6、...之父 the father of
7、 the history of
十二、注意表格的对等性：如果表格开头用动词原形，就用动词原形
如果表格开头 用ing， 就用ing形式
十三、注意形式
（一）1.instead of doing 2.because of doing
3.before /after/when/while doing 4..by/without doing sth
二）名词注意单复数，动词注意形式（三单、过去式、原形、ing），注意大小写
十四、注意否定和有否定意思的单词
(一)、五大否定词。 never hardly seldom little few
(二)、动词
1.avoid doing sth 2.stop/give up doing sth
3.refuse to do sth 4.fail to do sth
三）、形容词
impossible be unable to do sth
unknown necessary
（四）、介词
Without beyond (beyond control 无法控制，beyond doubt 毋庸置疑）
Except but
情态动词needn’t
十五、重点词汇
重点介词
1、带有 with 2、没有 without
3、除了（不包括）excep 4、除了（包括） besides
5、包括 including 6、像….like
7.不像 unlike 7、反对 against
8、beyond超越
重点动词
1、测试 test 2、建立 build set up
3、实现 realize achieve 4、意识到 realize
5、提高、改善 improve 6、发展 develop
7、出现 appear 消失 disappear 8、保护 protect
9、减少 reduce 10、付得起 afford (to do) sth
11. refuse to do sth 12 avoid doing sth
13.depend on 依靠 14.spread传播，扩散
15. increase 增加increase /reduce the possibility of 增加/减少...的可能性
16.解决solve 17work 奏效
18. matter 重要 What matters most is...
20.satisfy/meet one’s needs 满足
21.prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事
常见名词
1、数量 number 2、百分比 percentage
3、种类 kind type 4、知识 knowledge
5、信息 information 6、文化 culture
7、人口population 8、高度 height
9、长度 length 10、重量weight
11、材料material 12、尺寸 size
重点副词
1、作为代替、instead
重点形容词
1、相同的 similar 2、不同的 different
3、必须的necessary 4、重要的 important
5、 普遍的 common 6、 困难的 difficult/hard
7、 流行的 popular 8、可能的 possible
9、不可能的impossible
10.困难的 difficult/hard
连词
though(让步）but(转折）because（因果）unless（除非,条件）
if（条件）so that(目的）that what
情态动词needn’t(不必）
should
十六、写作结构
英文 中文
introduction 导入
main body 主体部分
conclusion 结论
序号 英文 中文
1 date of birth
2 place of birth
3 talents
4 acting career
十七、注意非谓语和定语从句的转换。主动，ing. 被动， 过去分词
十八、注意谓语动词
These suggestions all help to realize your goals.
All the(65) above helps make your goals come true. （advice)
十九、句意归纳
1.If a goal is too general, it may be hard to achieve.
If a goal is too general, you may (59) to achieve it. ( fail)
2.on their first night, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping.
Too many left-brain activities 60 the bad sleep experience on the first night. (caused)
3.the different rhythms (节奏) of the sides of the brain influence our sleep. When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken.
Whether you can have a good sleep 62 on the balance between the two sides of the brain. (depends)
4.There are some traditions that you can find almost anywhere, anytime,such as sending birthday cards, blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the ‘Happy Birthday’ song
Some traditions are 60 , such as sending cards, blowing out the candles and singing the ‘Happy Birthday’ song. (common)
二十．常见同意转换；
be against=break; 2. not easy=difficult;
3.don’t have enough money=can’t afford sth./to do sth.
4.can’t=be unable to do sth.= have no ability to do sth.
5.be able to do sth. =can=have abilities to do sth.
6. go abroad=go to foreign countries
7.be of great value/help/importance/confidence=be valuable/helpful/important/confident
8.You need to do sth.=It’s necessary for sb. To do sth.
9.matter=be important=be of importance=play an important role=mean a lot to sb.
10.harm sb.=do harmful to sb.=be harmful to sb.=be bad for sb.
11.sb.is coming=sb. is on the way
12.go/come/walk into=enter
13. not the same...as=be different=be unlike
14.it ‘s easy to do sth.=it is not difficult to do sth.=have no difficulty doing sth.
15.provide sth.for sb.=provide sb. with sth.=offer/give sb. sth=offer/offer sth. to ab.
16. stand for=represent 17. review=go over
18. improve=make ...better 19.on the Internet=online
20. be successful in doing= have success in doing=succeed in doing=do sth. Successfully
21. try to do sth. Successfully=manage to do sth
22.be used=be put into use/service 23. use=make use of=take advantage of
24.not /never do sth.= avoid/stop doing sth.=fail to do sth. 25. A or B= either A or B
26. spend some time doing=devote some time to doing= use some time to do sth.
27.be interested in (doing) sth.=show/have/take an interest in (doing) sth.
28.say in a polite/proper/gentle/correct way=say politely/properly/gently/correctly
29. be of sb’s help/support=with sb’s help/support
30.do sth. Confidently/patiently= do sth.with confidence/patience
31. like doing/to do sth. =prefer to do sth.=would rather do sth.
32.doing sth. is a problem =have problem/difficulty/trouble doing sth.=have a hard time doing
33. have fun doing sth.=have a great/good/wonder/nice/fantastic time doingsth.=enjoy oneself
34.alone=by oneself=on one’s own 35.such as= like/including
36. sometimes=at times=from time to time 37. lead to =cause
38. not often do sth.=seldom do sth. 39. people seldom do sth.=few people do sth.
40.It is said/reported/hoped/believed=people say/report/hope/believe
41. far more than= beyond 42. more than +数字=more+数字
43.have/get sth. done=finish/complete doing sth. 44.in general =in a word
45. should do sth.= be supposed to do sth.=ought to do sth.
46. have an influence on =make a great difference to = influence sb.
47. sb. spends some money on/doing sth.
=sb. pays some money for sth,
=sth. cost sb. some money
how much does sb. weigh= what’s the weight of sb. =how heavy is sb.
Sb. is 1.75 meters tall=sb. is 1.75 meter in height
decide to sth= make a decision to do sth.=make up one’s mind to do sth.
can’t help doing=can’t stop doing
ask sb. for help/advice =ask sb’s help/advice
consider=think about 54.think of sb. as =consider sb. as
remember= keep in mind 56.in memory of=remember
as...as sb. can=as...as possible 58. as...as before=as...as sb. used to be
go well with=match 60.be proud of =take pride in
there is ( no) possibility to do sth. =it is possible/impossible to do sth.
have two days’ holiday=have two days off=have a two-day holiday
63.attraction=places of interest 64.notice=take notice of
65.hope for=expect=look forward to
66we all have the same opinion that...=we agree that
67.know=be aware of realize=be aware of
68There are about 300 people in the hall.=the number of the people in the hall is 300.
How many people are there in this country =what’s the population of this country
70.without difficulty → easily 71. come/go/get into =enter
典型真题练习
1
阅读填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 20 分）注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。
Although the U.S. CDC says that there is no evidence ( 证据) to support the spread of COVID-19 through food that doesn’t mean you’re safe when eating.
Here are four most common eating habits that you
shouldn’t choose during the COVID-19 pandemic. They have something to do with catching the virus, explained by the Mayo Clinic.
Staying in restaurants for long
The Mayo Clinic explains that if you go to a restaurant, you shouldn’t stay long. The longer you are around people who don’t wear masks, the more of the virus you breathe in, and the more it can build up and infect (感染) you. According to the Mayo Clinic, if you contact with an infected person within 6 feet for a total of 15 minutes, it’s easier to catch the virus.
Going to restaurants during busy hours
Going to a restaurant at busy hours will make it easier for you to contact with a person infected with COVID-19. The Mayo Clinic recommends that you try not to eat out during the period of day or night.
Not wearing masks or drinking too much
Of course, you need to take off your face mask in order to eat food, but the Mayo Clinic says that you should still wear a face covering as much as possible when you are not actively eating or drinking. It’s bad to drink too much, which can lead to health problems and weight gain. Also, drinking too much alcohol during the COVID-19 may stop you from following safety suggestions, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Washing fruits and vegetables carelessly
Sometimes you wash your fruits and vegetables carelessly in order to save time. You may be infected with COVID-19 if you touch the surfaces with virus. To be as safe as possible, the Mayo Clinic gives the following safety suggestions: wash all fruits and vegetables carefully by running them under water and brushing their thick skin thoroughly. Wash your hands well with soap and water as soon as you get home from the store.
How to keep safe while eating during the COVID-19
Introduction You may 56 catching the virus if you don’t eat properly.
Bad eating habits to 57 Staying in restaurants for long If you stay with the people 58 masks longer, you may breathe in more virus. After 15 minutes’ contact with an infected person, the possibility of catching the virus may 59 .
Going to restaurants during busy hours You may contact with an infected person more easily. Don’t eat out during the 60 of day or night.
Not wearing masks and drinking too much Wear a mask as much as possible. Drinking too much can 61 health problems and weight gain. You may also 62 to follow safety suggestions if you drink much alcohol.
Washing fruits and vegetables carelessly You may catch the virus by 63 the surfaces. Your fruits and vegetables must be clean 64 before eating. Make sure your hands are 65 well at once after getting home from the shop.
答案
56. risk 57. avoid 58. without 59. increase/rise 60. period 61. cause 62. fail 63. touching 64. enough 65. washed
2
Have you ever seen capybarag(水豚) They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents(嗨齿动物)on the earth. Guess what They are new stars on social media now!
Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives.Capybaras’ bodies are covered in reddish-brown fur. When swimming around, thanks to their small eyes, noses and hairless cars which are high on their heads, they're able to see the above-water things around them, That's why they can protect themselves from danger easily. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and it can grow to 1.5 meters in length Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the males.
Most of' them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of' water. Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live, Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop(排泄物)because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need.
Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season). They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds,including purring,barking, whistling, cackling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It's like a capybara language.
With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They' get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully, They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don't hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.
Social media's new stars---Capybaras
Introduction People used to 56 capybaras were a kind of pig, but now we know they arc the largest rodents on the earth.
57 Capybaras look 58 to giant guinea pigs which are their closest relatives. Covered with reddish-brown fur, the male capybaras are not usually as 59 as the female ones.
Living conditions& food Most of them can be 60 in comfortable places with Seen water in South America. They live mainly on grass, while eating their own poop is of some 61 .
Abilities Capybaras are good at 62 and like chatting. They 63 in their ow way, which is like a capybara language.
Personalities They are friendly,calm, and care 64 about what goes on around them. They will take action when 65 a risk.
答案
A)56-60 think/consider; Looks/Appearance; similar; heavy; seen/found;
61-65 help; swimming; chat/communicate/speak/talk; nothing/little; realizing/knowing
3
There are four million people with diabetes (糖尿病) in the UK—that’s one in every 16 people. There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 is less common and is not preventable. In the UK, 90% of diabetes are Type 2. It has something to do with weight gain and a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, but there are other risk reasons. The good news is that around 80% of cases of Type 2 diabetes are preventable.
Are you at risk
Type 2 diabetes can come on slowly. It may not be easy to find the signs. So it is important to understand the risk reasons. People with Type 2 diabetes can feel thirsty, tired and need to go to the toilet more often.
Tips on preventing Type 2
If you have Type 2 diabetes, it is very important to control your weight. If you are overweight, Type 2 diabetes can be avoided by reducing your weight.
Exercise is necessary for good health. It not only helps to keep a healthy weight, but can lower blood-sugar levels because it helps your body to use insulin (胰岛素) more effectively. To have high levels of everyday activities, including walking, housework, playing with children and hobbies—anything that gets you moving.
Also, a healthy diet will help you manage your weight. Vegetables and fruits are low in calories and are rich in vitamins, minerals (矿物质) and fiber (纤维). This is important for good digestion (消化) and slows down the sugars into the blood. However, some types of fruits are high in sugar, so getting most of your five-a-day from vegetables is better.
Whole grains are good for Type 2 diabetes because the husk (外壳) of the seed is kept. This is often the best part of the grain, with fiber and protein (蛋白). Protein is good for Type 2 diabetes. Fish, meats, eggs, nuts and many beans are rich in protein.
Foods high in both fat and sugar are very bad for your health and should be avoided. Water is the best because there aren’t any calories in it while many other drinks, such as soft drinks, energy drinks and milky coffees are really bad.
How to 56 the risk of diabetes
General introduction ● Compared with Type 2, Type 1 is less 57 and can’t be prevented. ● Some Type 2 diabetes are 58 by weight gain and a sedentary lifestyle.
The conditions of Type 2 diabetes ● The signs of Type 2 may not be found 59 . ● People can feel thirsty, tired and need to go to the toilet more often.
Tips on 60 Type 2 Controlling your weight ● 61 Type 2 diabetes by losing weight.
Doing exercise ● Taking high levels of 62 activities.
Having a healthy diet ● Eating more fruits and vegetables 63 of vitamins, mineral and fiber. ● Choosing whole grains and water 64 calories. ● 65 away from those foods high in both fat and sugar.
reduce common caused easily preventing Avoiding everyday/daily full without Keeping
A）阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第 71-80 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Millie Bobby Brown, a child actor with great talent, is growing into a successful adult actor. She’s best known for the role of Eleven in the science fiction drama Stranger Things. In that show, she plays a girl who escapes from a laboratory that was doing experiments on her. She comes out from the lab near a small town in the central United States. Strange events have been taking place there. Millie’s performance in Stranger Things is thought highly of. The role was especially challenging because it required her to show intense emotion (激情) without speaking
much. According to the show’s creators, child actors often find it hard to stay in
character when their characters aren’t speaking. Millie didn’t have that problem, though.
Although she speaks with an American accent (口音) on Stranger Things, Millie
is actually English. However, she was born in Spain and has also lived in the U.S. and Canada. Her parents have supported her dreams of acting, even moving the family to Los Angeles, California, to give her more chances to act.
In 2013, the year after the family moved to Los Angeles, Millie made her first appearance in public as Alice in the TV drama Once Upon a Time in Wonderland. Shortly after that she played the lead role in the show Intruders.
Things haven’t always gone smoothly for Millie, however. At one point, she struggled to get roles, and it was difficult for her family to support her acting dream. They finally moved back to England. But just then Millie was worrying that she would never become a professional ( 职 业 的 ) actor. She got the role in Stranger Things. It began to air in 2016.
Since then, Millie has continued acting, appearing in the movie Godzilla: King of the Monsters. She also produced and starred in Enola Holmes, a Netflix movie about the teenage sister of detective Sherlock Holmes. As a producer, she helped make decisions in the casting and overall look of the film.
Millie has also become UNICEF’s youngest Goodwill Ambassador, a role in which she speaks out for children who need help.
Millie’s rise to fame came as a surprise after a long struggle. But her continuing popularity will likely be more than a passing fad (时尚).
56 Millie Bobby Brown grows into a successful adult actor
Talent She is highly 57 because of her perfect performance in the drama Strange Things. She doesn’t have difficulty 58 in characters when her character isn’t speaking.
Family Support Her parents moved to Los Angeles, which 59 her with more chances to act. Later, her parents found it difficult to keep supporting her dream and 60 to England.
61 Career Millie made her first _ 62 in the TV drama Once Upon a Time in Wonderland in 2013. She played the lead role in the show Intruders. She was well 63 _ for the role of Eleven in Stranger Things. She was not only an actor but also a 64 in Enola Holmes.
Charity work She has worked as the youngest Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF and speaks out for the children in 65 .
A)阅读短文，根据所读内容填入一个最恰当的单词，每空一词。
56. How 57. praised 58. staying 59. provided 60. returned
61. Acting 62. appearance 63. known 64. producer 65. need
综合填空考点以及方法解析：
介词+名词 有的是固定搭配，例如： impress...with..., be happy/strict/patient/satisfied /born
with..., in fact; to one’s surprise...
冠词+名词（注意the,a 区别，a和an 的区别，第一次出现的用a 或an, 上文提到下文再次出
现或是后有限制定语则用the；
动词注意时态和语态；（方法：找准时间，确定时态，如：有since/for +短时间/recently/up to now/until now/by now/in recently years...则用现在完成时；有last.../in +过去的年代/the other day/yesterday.....则用一般过去时；有next/in +短时间 用将来时等等）；
代词考查有 （1）宾格，反身代词，形容词性和名词性的物主代词；（2）ones(代替同一类人
和物）；（3）it，them（代替同一个人或物，注意单复数）；
(4) that /those 在比较两者同一类东西时，为避免重复，后面用that/those代替
E.g. The gravity on Mars is about three-eighths of that on the earth
数词 考查复数，序数词，分数 in one’s/the thirties; on his fortieth birthday; five- twelfths
In /from the 1970s
6. 形容词和副词极其比较级，最高级： 比较级标志词 much,even, far, than; 最高级的标志词：
In/ among/ of短语，one of the 最高级 名词复数
动词用副词修饰(spend money wisely),副词求实形容词（terribly ill），形容词修饰名词，连系动词+形容词 （e.g. remain healthy/unknown...）
连词： 表转折的 though/although; but 表因果关系：since/as/because; so 表条件 if，
unless; 把时间 when/while/whenever....; not...until/till
名词注意单复数,, 指人时还要注意名词所有格（动词/介词/冠词/形容词+名词）
定语从句的关系代词，确定先行词，确定人和物， 注意先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰是用that
固定搭配（for example; in fact;so/such....that...;
非谓语动词的考查：
（1）To realize his dream,he works harder and harder.(表目的）
（2）Entering an ideal high school is his dream. (动名词做主语）
（3）Compared with life on Mars, life on the earth is much better.(过去分词作状语）
（4）Mr Wu walked into the classroom, wearing a smile on his hand.(伴随状语）
（5）looking at the mark, I decided to blow it .伴随状语）
动词不定式： 疑问词+to do ; whether +to do; 动词 (sb.) to do sth.
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