2024年中考英语书面表达图表类作文写作指导（含例文）

图表类型 -
图表（graph/diagram）包括柱状图（bar/column chart）、表格（table）、饼状图（pie chart）、折线图（line chart）、曲线图（curve chart）、流程图（flow chart）、组图（a set of charts）等。如果考试的时候不会写某个具体图表的英译，可以用graph/diagram泛指所有图表。
graphn.图表；代表声音单位（或其他言语特征）的书写符号；坐标图
v.用图标示；绘图
diagram
n.图解；简图；示意图；几何图形；火车运行时间图
v.以图表示；根据火车运行时间图来安排（火车的）运行时间
- 写作思路 -
第一段：描述图表
第二段：说明图表数据增长or下降的原因。
第三段：表达自己对此现象的看法以及面对此现象我们该怎么去做。
（具体写不写第二段和第三段要看作文要求，如果作文direction里写明了你要“interpret the chart and give your comments”，那就一定别忘了写第二段和第三段，如果只是让“interpret the chart”，那在作文结尾写一两句第二段和第三段的内容或者不写即可）
嵌套饼状图的写作思路
第一部分思路：从饼状图中我们可以了解到xx是怎样的，其中百分之几是A，百分之几是B，B中a占多少，b占多少，c占多少。第二部分思路：图表数据说明了什么，我的看法是什么。
（一般图表给的数据多比较复杂，作文就描述图表数据的篇幅多一些。如果图表给的数据很简单，比如21年12月的六级作文真题，就给了个单条折线图，那描述图表数据的篇幅可以小一些，重点放在分析图表数据变化的原因上，当然最重要的还是依照作文的direction来，即看作文题目到底让写什么，到底让怎么写，审题是最重要的)
- 第一段常用表达 -
1. 描述图表变化趋势的表达
上升 (v)：
increase; go up; rise; improve; grow; jump; rocket; soar; surge; shoot up（猛增）; climb; ascend; leap; skyroket; proliferate
上升 (n)：
increase; rise; growth; jump; surge; upturn; leap
下降 (v)：fall; drop; decrease; decline; go down; sink; dip；plummet; descend; diminish; dwindle; shrink; slupm; plunge; dive; nosedive下降 (n)：decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop, slowdown, slump, plunge, dive, nosedive
波动 (v)：fluctuate, vary, wave波动 (n)：fluctuation, variation波动 (词组)：range / vary from xx to xx，go up and down, ups and downs
稳定在一个水平上(v)：remain, keep, stay, maintain, stabilize, stagnate稳定在一个水平上(adj):stable, steady, constant, unchanged
稳定在一个水平上(n):stagnation; stability; steadiness; plateau
稳定在一个水平上 (词组)：hove at; remain the same trend; remain stable; remain constant; reach a plateau at; stabilize at
多条曲线趋势一致：A and B share the same trend; the trend of A happens to coincide with B
2. 描述图表变化程度的表达
变化程度很大：
副词：significantly；considerably；rapidly；sharply；dramatically；drastically；enormously；substantially；markedly；steeply; greatly; massively; hugely; precipitously
形容词：striking/ skyrocketing/ twofold（两倍的）/ threefold（三倍的）/ considerable/ steep
词组：at an alarming rate, by/in leaps and bounds, by a wide/significant margin
变化程度较轻：
副词：slightly；gradually；slowly；steadily；moderately; marginally; modestly
形容词：steady/moderate/slow/slight/gradual
词组：in a moderate way, by a narrow margin
3. 极值类和组成构成的表达
最高点：reach the peak
(hit/register/arrive at/stand at/increase to都可以替换掉reach)(top/summit/zenith/highest point都可以替换掉peak)eg：reach the peak of xx
最低点：reach the bottom
(drop/hit/register/arrive at/stand at/decrease to都可以替换掉reach)(trough/lowest point都可以替换掉bottom)eg：reach the bottom of xx
占比最多：occupy the largest proportion of xx
occupy=make up=take up=account forproportion=number=percentage
占比最少：occupy the smallest proportion of xx
occupy=make up=take up=account forproportion=number=percentage
由…组成：
comprise, consist of, be made up of，be composed of
组成，构成：
constitute, make up，form, occupy, account for, represent
4. "大约"/"超过"/"不足"和预测类的表达方式
大约：about/around/approximately/roughly/nearly/almost/just + 数字over/just under/close to/in the region of + 数字数字 + or so/or thereabouts数字 + or thereabouts
超过：
more than + 数字
over + 数字
不足：
no more than + 数字less than + 数字within + 数字under + 数字
预测(v)：expect, predict, project, forecast预测(句式)：xx is expected/predicted/projected/forecasted to reach …
5. "表达/阐述/说明/展示/体现"的表达方式
display/represent/demonstrate/show/convey/illustrate/indicate/describe/embody/reflect/reveal/outline/delineate/depict/expound/elaborate
6. 常用句型
① 描述上升到多少：The mobile-phone subscriptions soared to 4 billion in 2008.
② 描述从多少上升到多少：Conversely, the urban population saw a rising trend, growing from only 300 million to 680 million by 2010.
③ 描述A的上升和B的下降：Domestic cars had a dramatic increase in the market share, as high as 9.8%, while/whereas（然而）Japanese cars declined by nearly 10%.（by+数据，就是上升/下降了多少，例如declined by nearly 10%就是下降了将近10%，to+数据，是指上升/下降到多少）
④ 描述xx数据排第几：The amount of underground water ranks the second ,the percentage being 30.2%.
⑤ 描述最大占比：We cannot fail to see that the biggest share is acquiring knowledge, with a proportion as high as 59.5%.We cannot fail to see that the biggest share is acquiring knowledge, accounting for 59.5%.
⑥ 分别描述比例：Meanwhile, it is also not difficult to find that service, environment, price and other factors occupy 26.8%, 23.8%, 8.4% and 4.7% respectively（分别地）.
⑦描述两者之间的比较：The data show a comparison between the amount of Red wine that is consumed and the rates of US birth.In comparison with A, B is …
⑧描述倍数：A is three times as much as B …The graph shows a threefold increase in number of …The total number in 2012, which is 8,318, is about two times as much as the total number in 2008.A is twice as much as B.
- 第二段常用表达 -
1. 表述原因总起句There are many reasons explaining this phenomenon.Three major reasons give rise to the phenomenon mentioned above.
2. 分条描述原因（主要原因）The main reason is that due to (the progress in economy / the improvement of living standards), a growing number of people ……
（第二个原因）What is more, there is no doubt in saying that , with (the pace of modern society speeding up / the advance of technology) , a majority of people （try their best to catch up with the times and improve themselves） by （pursuing further education）.
（第三个原因）Thirdly , (under the background of modernization / with the rapid development of economy and society) , xx may have gradually become an unstoppable trend（趋势）in recent years.
3. 形容大环境常用的表达方式
with the progress in economy
with the improvement of living standards
with the pace of modern society speeding upwith the advance of technologywith the rapid development of economy and society
under the background of modernization / urbanization / industrialization
- 第三段常用表达 -
积极的：Considering all these, I believe that we should take a reasonable attitude toward xx. In conclusion, from my point of view, such a phenomenon is （positive） and （acceptable）.
积极的：Taking into account what has been argued so far, it is not surprising to see the results in the above diagram. Thus, such phenomenon proves to be quite normal and acceptable. And I believe the trend will not change in the near future.
积极的：Definitely, the boom of (the mobile industry) tends to exert a beneficial influence on people’s lives, and hence, it should be, from every aspect, encouraged and further advocated.
消极的：In view of the description and analysis above, I’m convinced that actions have to be taken to cope with the problems arising from ……
趋势预测：From what has been discussed above, a trend can be predicted from the chart that ……
趋势预测：XX will be a growing trend in today's （busy） society.
真题巩固
2024年浦东新区初三一模英语作文
84. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation（根据以下情境写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文,标点符号不占格）
学校报社做了一次有关学生如何使用零花钱的调查。现假设你是报社编辑李华，请根据以下图表写一份报告，报告必须包含以下内容:
（1）简要描述图表显示的结果:
（2）针对结果，提出改进消费习惯的建议，并阐述理由。
（注意:1 短文中不得出现姓名·校名等个人信息:否则不予评分·2 照抄阅读语篇不得分。）
参考范文
As is shown in the pie chart ，50% students spend their money on snacks and drink. This is followed by games and animation, which account for 30%. Only 20% of them are willing to buy books and magazines. Based on these results, I suggest students should form good spending habits. Firstly, they should invest in outdoor activities, which will make their bodies strong. Besides, it’s important to increase their spending on a healthy diet instead of processed food. What’s more, students should be encouraged to purchase books and magazines. Only through reading can they gain the wisdom and fully sense the beauty and love from people and life. I really hope students can use their monthly pocket money properly.
2024年闵行区初三二模
今年“青少年心理健康周”（Teenagers’ Mental Health Week) 活动期间，校园英语电台就同学们眼中“最合适的倾述对象”进行了问卷调查，下图为调查结果的饼状图（the pie chart)。请阅读下图，谈一谈你对此结果的看法，并结合自身实际，说说你眼中最合适的倾诉对象及理由。
参考范文
According to the pie chart, nearly half of the students would rather talk to friends than parents and teachers when they have problems. Only 20% of them are willing to turn to parents for help. Perhaps, most students think friends know them better. From my perspective, parents are the most suitable persons who I prefer to talk to, for my parents have close relationships with me and understand my situation better. When I communicate with them, I will regain my confidence. In conclusion, I suggest parents shouldn’t expect too much of their children and spare some room for them. Only in this way will they like to talk to parents more.