2024年中考英语语法复习--被动语态课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
中考英语语法复习
被动语态
知识梳理
01
Do you know what they are made of？
woolen cloth (呢绒), cotton, sweater, leather (皮革), silk, linen(亚麻)
Do you know where these things are produced ？
Things Made of Made in
shirts chopsticks ring cotton silver steel Korea
Thailand
America
定义：句子的主语为动作的承受者.
汉语中常用“被、给、由、受”等词用来表示被动,而英语的被动语态由“助动词（be）+及物动词的过去分词”构成.
被动语态
由于被动句中的主语即主动句中的宾语,因此,只有及物动词才有被动语态.如:
They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动)
How is tea produced
一般现在时被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/am/are+done
Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
一般现在时被动语态的肯定句：主语+is/am/are+done
一般现在时被动语态：主语+be+done+by，by是被动语态的一个标志；
When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand
and then are sent for processing.
一般现在时被动语态：主语+be+done；
被动语态
时间 一般 进行 完成
现在 am/is/are asked 被问 am/is/are being asked 正在被问 have/has been asked
已经被问过
过去 was/were asked (过去)被问 was/were being asked (过去)正被问 had been asked
(过去)已被问过
将来 shall/will be asked 将要被问 含有情态动词：（may/can/must等）+ be done 一般现在时的被动语态：特殊疑问句
What are the shirts made of
How is tea produced
特殊疑问词
is/am/are
主语
wh-疑问词/how疑问词
动词过去分词
视时间和主语而定
注意动词过去分词的规则变化和不规则变化
一般现在时的被动语态：一般疑问句
Is it made of silver
Are the shirts made of cotton？
Is/Are
主语
动词过去分词
视时间和主语而定
一般过去时的被动语态：肯定句
It was made in Thailand.
They were made in Thailand.
主语
was/were
动词过去分词
视时间和主语而定
一般现在时的被动语态：肯定句
The tea is sent to many different countries and places.
... they are picked by hand.
主语
is/am/are
动词过去分词
被动语态的主语是动作承受者，by后强调的是动作执行者是什么
by+动作执行者
视时间和主语而定
Are your shirts made of cotton Yes, they are. And they were made in the US.
What’s the model plane made of It’s made of used wood and glass.
Where is tea produced in China It’s produced in many different areas.
我们之前学的主动语态怎么变成刚刚我们学的被动语态呢？
主动变被动
第一步:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；
Tom killed him.
He
is killed
Tom
by
第二步:将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词”结构；
第三步:将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在谓语之后(有时可省略)。
This ring looks nice. is it made of silver
这个戒指看上去很漂亮，它是用银制成的吗？
★感官动词感官动词表示人的感官动作，如：sound(听见), see(看见), watch(观看), look(看), feel (感觉),等, 后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态, 分别表示"看 / 听 / 闻 / 尝 / 摸起来…"。除look之外，其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。考点：感官动词+形容词
★表示“变得...”的感官动词：be/get/become/grow/turn/go+形容词
★表示“...是”的感官动词：prove(证明是)/remain(仍然是)+形容词
★表示“仿佛，好像”的感官动词：seem/appear(仿佛)+to do...
★see(看到), hear(听到), notice(注意到), watch(注视), observe(观察到)+do/doing的区别：see sb do.../see sb doing...，+ do 表示看到的动作已结束，整个过程；+doing 表示看到的动作正在进行。
感官动词练习：
1.—Which of those radios sounds ________ —The smallest one.
A. best B. most clearly C. most beautifully D. nicely
2. The music in the supermarket sounded so _____ that I wanted to leave at once.
A. soft B. wonderful C. friendly D. noisy
3. —What is Mum cooking in the kitchen —Fish, I guess. How nice it _________!
A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells
填空
4. The weather today becomes even _______(bad). Why not take a raincoat with you
5. If someone doesn't show good manners to others, he or she is __________(polite).
worse
impolite
A
D
D
1. 英语中有很多动词如clean，drive，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很好洗。
This album doesn't sell well and the critics don't like ite.
这张专辑销路不好，并且评论家们也不喜欢，
The pen writes well. 这支笔很好写字。
You car drives well. 你的车很好开。
The sign on the bus reads "Private: Not In Service."
这辆公共汽车上的标志写着“私人所有：不运营。”
这是什么鬼？
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen发生, last持续, take place发生, break out爆发, come out出版，发行, come true实现, run out用光,等以主动形式表示被动意义。
How do the newspapers come out 这些报纸是如何发行的呢？
A car accident happened yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午发生了一起车祸。
It is said that fresh water in the world would run out in 2050.
据说到2050年世界上的淡水将会耗尽。
He was 29 when war broke out. 战争爆发时他29岁。
The meeting lasted 2 hours and a half. 会议持续了两个半小时。
这是什么鬼？
3. 表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。感官动词不用于被动语态。
Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听上去很有道理。
The cloth feels soft.这块布摸上去很柔软。
The chicken soup smells great.鸡汤闻上去很香。
He may look serious, but he's really a easy-going.
也许他看上去很严肃,但他实际上是个很随和的人。
这是什么鬼？
模拟练习
02
Practice
1. I wash dishes every day. (改为被动语态)。
_______ ______ ______ by me every day.
2. Most of the farm work is done by machine in the USA. ( 改为一般疑问句)
3. French and English are spoken in Canada. (对划线部分提问)。
______ _______ ______ ______ in Canada
Dishes
are
washed
Is most of the farm work done by machine in the USA
What
language
is
spoken
1.我们很惊讶地发现那个留长发的是个男人。We find ______________ ______________ ______________ the person with long hair is a man.
2.I find it difficult ______________ (remember) the long name.
3.China made _________ possible to stop COVID-19 spreading.
A．this B．that C．them D．it
4.You can her if you both work in the same office.
A. hardly avoid meeting B. avoid meeting
C. hardly avoid to meet D. avoid to meet
Complete the sentences using the the correct forms of the verbs.
随堂演练
it surprising that
to remember
5. Children under 18 ______________ (not allow) to watch this show.
6. We ___________ (pay ) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
7. What language ______________ (speak ) in Germany.
8. Most of the earth’s surface ____________ (cover) by water.
9. The classroom needs to ______________ (clean ) every day.
Complete the sentences using the the correct forms of the verbs.
随堂演练
aren‘t allowed
isn‘t spoken
isn‘t covered
be cleaned
aren‘t paid
thanks