2024年高考英语真题试卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）
第二部分
一、阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
HABITAT RESTORATIONTEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of18 must have the parent /guardian approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills(满足)community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan.15 10:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan.22 10:00am-2:30pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan.29 9:30am-2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
1． What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team
A．To discover mineral resources.
B．To develop new wildlife parks.
C．To protect the local ecosystem
D．To conduct biological research.
2． What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team
A．5. B．10. C．15. D．18.
3． What are the volunteers expected to do
A．Bring their own tools. B．Work even in bad weather.
C．Wear a team uniform D．Do at least three projects.
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
"I am not crazy, "says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. "I am ahead of my time. "If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods, But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医)now practicing "holistic" medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets
Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, "moves more easily and rides more comfortably" after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. "Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well, "he says. "I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job. "
4． What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him
A．He's odd. B．He's strict C．He's brave. D．He's rude
5． Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university.
B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient.
D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
6． What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B．The complexity of veterinarians' work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases.
D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
7． Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber's point B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection.
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material The answers to both questions are often "no. " The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态)and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to ones that require mental abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called "shallowing hypothesis(假说). " According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print
Audio(音频)and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly tum to these technologies -say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing leaning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
8．What does the underlined phrase "shine through" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Seem unlikely to last. B．Seem hard to explain.
C．Become ready to use. D．Become easy to notice.
9．What does the shallowing hypothesis assume
A．Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B．Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C．People select digital texts randomly.
D．Digital texts are suitable for social media.
10．Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers
A．They can hold students' attention
B．They are more convenient to prepare.
C．They help develop advanced skills.
D．They are more informative than text.
11．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Students should apply multiple learning techniques.
B．Teachers should produce their own teaching material.
C．Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
D．Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
"With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application, "said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. "These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable "
Using a global dataset of 1. 9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
"We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差)data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of af lowering plant instead of the grass right next to it, "said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
"Quite a lot, "Daru explained." Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places -and even species -that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image. "
12．What do we know about the records of species collected now
A．They are becoming outdated.
B．They are mostly in electronic form
C．They are limited in number
D．They are used for public exhibition.
13．What does Daru's study focus on
A．Threatened species. B．Physical specimens.
C．Observational data D．Mobile applications
14．What has led to the biases according to the study
A．Mistakes in data analysis.
B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures
C．Improper way of sampling.
D．Unreliable data collection devices.
15．What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps
A．Review data from certain areas.
B．Hire experts to check the records.
C．Confirm the identity of the users.
D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.
二、第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿). 16． No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典)I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 17． Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
18． It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Ox ford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2, 672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163, 000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 19． However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull(乏味)work, "wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 20． A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context
C. But I still don't want to replace them
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
第三部分
三、语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I've been motivated-and demotivated-by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 21． a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 22． , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 23． for a "super, "referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run-15 miles. To be honest, I 24． it! Between the girl making my 25． seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 26． I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 27． cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 28． of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 29． her bike and went for a ride. The 30． : The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such 31． . That day, I got 32． by about 100"local"bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 33． .
I've 34． a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever 35． I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
21．A． knew B． held C． won D． quit
22．A． regularly B． silently C． proudly D． recently
23．A． asking B． looking C． waiting D． training
24．A． made B． believed C． hated D． deserved
25．A． advantage B． achievement C． contribution D． influence
26．A． way B． risk C． place D． reason
27．A． gave up B． went on C． turned to D． dealt with
28．A． heard B． dreamed C． complained D． approved
29．A． painted B． borrowed C． bought D． parked
30．A． problem B． secret C． principle D． advice
31．A． dangers B． events C． opponents D． challenges
32．A． passed B． convinced C． admired D． stopped
33．A． reliable B． convenient C． familiar D． appealing
34．A． traveled B． matured C． missed D． worried
35．A． limits B． dates C． goals D． tests
四、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 36． (engineer)techniques are applied to create this protective 37． (function)structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals(尊片)"made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days 38． (give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 39． (close)to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 40． (walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 41． first time. These plants included modern Western 42． (favourite)such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too
The Glasshouse stands 43． a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route 44． brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 45． (rich)of gardening in England.
第三部分
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)
46．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
(1)你完成的作品；
(2)你的感想。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
Yours,
Li Hua
六、第二节(满分25分)
47．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car
Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was along queue(队列)still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, tuned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it, "he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message:"Out of order. Sorry. "
注意：
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了HABITAT RESTORATIONTEAM招募志愿者的要求和活动安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys我们将探索美丽的公园遗址，同时进行入侵植物的清除，冬季种植和种子收集。Habitat Restoration Team的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用"，结合选项，可知Habitat Restoration Team的目的应是保护当地的生态系统，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题"AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING"下第一段中的"Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者参加"，可知加入Habitat Restoration Team的最低年龄限制是10岁，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据小标题"AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING"下第三段中的"We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary我们将风雨无阻地工作。穿容易弄脏的衣服。多带几层衣服以应对多变的天气，必要时带上雨衣"，可知志愿者们即使天气不好也要工作，故选B。
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．D
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 这篇文章介绍了美国兽医William Farber博士，他是一位采用"整体医学"方法的先驱者，该方法结合了传统的西方治疗方法和中医的针灸、按摩疗法以及草药治疗。Farber博士在遭受严重背痛后，开始对这种替代疗法产生兴趣，并在自己身上尝试针灸后发现效果显著。随后，他将这些技术应用于宠物治疗，并取得了成功。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他不寻常的方法"，可知Farber的同事不认可他的方法，认为他很奇怪，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients20年前，当他遭受严重的背部疼痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。他试过放松肌肉的药物，但收效甚微。然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效"，可知Farber决定在宠物身上尝试针灸是因为作为病人，他从中受益，故选C。
6．主旨大意题。通读全段，结合"Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月"和"her horse, Nappy, ‘moves more easily and rides more comfortably' after a chiropractic adjustment她的马，纳皮，经过脊椎按摩后，‘移动更容易，骑得更舒服'"可知作者在这一段中，列举了宠物狗Charlie和宠物马Nappy的病例，证明了Faber中医治疗宠物的疗效，故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的" Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700自1982年以来，美国整体兽医协会的会员已经从30个增长到700多个"和本段首句"Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time法伯确信，随着时间的推移，整体方法将越来越受欢迎"，可知作者提到了美国整体兽医协会是为了证明Faber的观点——随着时间的推移，整体方法将越来越受欢迎，故选A。
【答案】8．D
9．D
10．A
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 文章主要讨论了阅读屏幕上的文本与阅读纸质文本在理解上存在差异，同样地，听和看内容与阅读书面文字在覆盖相同材料时的效果也不尽相同。这主要是因为阅读屏幕内容时，人们容易分心、以娱乐心态对待且倾向于多任务处理。研究表明，长文本的阅读在纸质上通常比屏幕上更有效，这与纸张的物理特性和人们的心理态度有关。此外，音频和视频虽然感觉更具吸引力，但成人在阅读新闻故事时，比听或看相同内容更能记住更多内容。因此，虽然数字文本、音频和视频在教育上都有其作用，但在需要高度精神集中和反思的情况下，纸质文本仍然是最佳选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题两种常考题型，细节理解题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词前的"When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现"，和划线词后的"when experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to ones that require mental abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a text当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章中的主要思想)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时"，可知阅读文本的好处在实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章中的主要思想)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时变得非常明了，故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的" According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print根据这一理论，人们接触数字文本时的心态与社交媒体相适应，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，而且比阅读纸质书时投入的脑力更少"，可知 the shallowing hypothesis认为数字文本适用于社交媒体，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Audio(音频)and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly tum to these technologie音频和视频比文本更吸引人，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术"，可知音频和视频能更吸引大学生的注意力，故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing leaning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供印刷版无法获得的资源时。然而，为了最大限度地学习需要精神集中和反思的地方，教育者不应该假设所有的媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的单词"，可知在最后一段中作者省略的意思是印刷文本在教育中不能完全被取代，故选C。
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在全球取样的生物多样性数据存在的缺陷以及弥补这一缺陷的方法。斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，尽管数字记录（如照片和视频）在记录地球物种多样性方面非常有用，但这些记录存在偏差，不能完美反映全球生物多样性的真实模式。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。尽管它们在探测一个地区物种数量和种类的变化方面很有用，但斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，这种记录并不完美"，可知关于现在收集的物种记录，我们知道的是这些记录都是以电子数据的形式存在的，故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段"Using a global dataset of 1. 9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patternsDaru和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试了这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式"，可知Daru的研究对象主要是观察到的数据，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段"Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features他们的研究表明，大量的观测记录并没有带来更好的全球覆盖。此外，这些数据是有偏见的，倾向于某些地区、时间段和物种。这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。这些数据也偏向于某些具有吸引人或引人注目特征的物种"，可知是不合理的采样方式导致了偏差的出现，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places -and even species -that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.生物多样性应用程序可以利用我们的研究结果告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份"，可知Daru建议生物多样性应用程序为公民科学家提供指导，引导其合理取样，故选D。
【答案】16．F；17．B；18．E；19．A；20．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 本文主要内容为：虽然并非所有伟大的作家都是优秀的拼写者，但想要出版作品，提交一份完美、专业呈现的稿件至关重要。作者强调了校对和参考书籍的重要性，并分享了个人使用纸质字典和同义词词典的偏好。字典不仅用于拼写，还能提供精确的定义、发音、词源和用法示例，阅读字典也是一种愉悦的体验。
A. 我不经常用这本字典。
B. 它不考虑上下文
C. 但我还是不想换
D. 但是字典读起来是一种乐趣。
E. 当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。
F. 这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。
G. 字典并不总是能给你足够的信息。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．选项F" That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误"补充说明了空格前句" If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的"中的"a perfect, professionally presented manuscript"是"good grammar and no spelling mistakes语法正确，没有拼写错误的"，故选F。
17．根据空个前句"I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器"，结合选项，可知空格处应是给出了不信任电脑上的拼写检查器的原因，所以选项B"It takes no account of the context它不考虑上下文"衔接上文，符合题意要求，故选B。
18．选项E"Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling 当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的"引出了空格后句"It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来"，说明了词典的作用，使下文意思紧密衔接，故选E。
19．根据空格后句" However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了"，可知空格处应是说自己不常用Shorter Ox ford Dictionary这本词典，这与选项A"I don't often use this dictionary我不经常用这本字典"意思相同，并且选项A引出了后句中对这本词典的使用方法的介绍，故选A。
20．根据空格后句"A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验"，结合选项，可知选项D"But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read但是字典读起来是一种乐趣"与后句紧密连接，意思一致，故选D。
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．B；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．D；34．B；35．C
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了作者的一生都受到他人成就的激励和打击。年轻时，作者受到邻居朋友完成马拉松的激励开始跑步，但随后被另一位女孩的超级马拉松成绩和自己的无聊感所打击，放弃了跑步。接着，作者转向骑自行车，并在开始时感到满意，但在一次骑行中遇到了从未有过的挑战，被当地的自行车手超越，这让作者再次感到沮丧。最后，作者意识到无论设定什么目标，都应该是自己的，而不是受他人成就的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：我十几岁的时候，邻居的一个朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held举行；C. won赢；D. quit放弃。根据下句中的"Feeling motivated有了动力"，结合选项，可知此处让作者有动力的是邻居的一个朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，故选C。
22．句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly定期地；B. silently安静地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. recently最近。根据空格前的"I started running我开始跑步"，结合选项，可知作者受到邻居朋友的影响，开始有规律地跑步，故选A。
23．句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为"超级"马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双人马拉松。A. asking问；B. looking看；C. waiting等；D. training训练。根据空格后的"a "super, "referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon"超级"马拉松，指的是52.4英里的双人马拉松，结合选项，可知此处是指女孩在为超级马拉松进行训练，故选D。
24．句意：说实话，我讨厌它！A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据第6空后的 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me如果有条大狗追着我跑，我才会再跑，可知作者不喜欢跑步了，故选C。
25．句意：那个女孩让我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定，我再次跑步的唯一原因就是有只大狗在后面追我！A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据上半句中的"my longest run-15 miles我最长的一次跑是15英里"，结合选项，可知15公里的长跑是作者的成就，故选B。
26．句意：那个女孩让我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定，我再次跑步的唯一原因就是有只大狗在后面追我！A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason原因。上文提到，作者因为那位女孩，讨厌跑步，所以除非遇到危险，即有只大狗在后面追赶，这是让作者重新跑步的原因，故选D。
27．句意：于是我转向骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。上文提到作者放弃了跑步；根据空格后的cycling，可知作者转向了骑行，故选C。
28．句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved同意。根据上句"I got a good bike and rode a lot我买了一辆好自行车，骑了很多次"，结合选项，可知作者梦想参加骑行比赛，故选B。
29．句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted画；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停放。根据上文she was at work one day有一天她在上班，结合下文，可知作者借了妹妹的自行车骑行，故选B。
30．句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据下半句The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time那里的路穿过很大的山谷，我每次都要骑上坡好几英里，这对作者来说是个大问题，故选A。
31．句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据上句中的The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time那里的路穿过很大的山谷，我每次都要骑上坡好几英里，结合选项，可知作者的此次骑行面临巨大的挑战，故选D。
32．句意：那天，我被大约100名"当地"骑自行车的人身边经过，他们已经习惯了这种道路。A. passed通过；B. convinced相信；C. admired钦佩；D. stopped停止。根据上文，作者的此次骑行，面对这巨大的挑战和问题，所以此处试着作者被很多人超越了，故选A。
33．句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可靠的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing有吸引力的。此次骑行，使作者备受打击，原来对骑行的喜爱现在看来夜没那么有吸引力了，故选D。
34．句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured成熟；C. missed错过；D. worried担心。根据下句话 I've come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own我已经开始接受，无论我为自己设定了什么，它们都必须是我自己的，结合选项，可知作者因为上文提到的两次经历，变得成熟了，故选B。
35．句意：我已经开始接受，无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据上文，作者每次的目标都因受到周围人的影响而被迫放弃，所以文章最后作者开始接受无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标，故选C。
【答案】36．engineering；37．functional；38．to give；39．closed；40．walks；41．the；42．favorites；43．as；44．which/that；45．richness
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Heatherwick Studio的Glasshouse温室展示了丝绸之路对现代英国园艺的影响，结合创新设计，为植物提供适宜环境，同时其周围的丝绸之路花园重现了历史，展示了通过丝绸之路传入英国的多种植物。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及形容词、非谓语动词、谓语动词、冠词、名词、介词、定语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词techniques，表示"最新的工程技术"，故填engineering。
37．句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词structure，故填functional。
38．句意：这些萼片在温暖的日子打开，给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气。根据句意，空格处应是句子的目的状语，表示"为了给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气"，所以应使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to give。
39．句意：在寒冷的天气里，该结构保持关闭以保护植物。空格前的系动词stayed后应使用形容词形式，表示"处于关闭状态"，故填closed。
40．句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。根据句子结构，可知空格处缺少谓语动词；主语"he Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse围绕温室的丝绸之路花园"和谓语动词walk构成主动的关系，表示"围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程"；文章整体使用一般现在时态，介绍了刚建成不久的he National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens，用的是一般现在时态，所以空格处也应使用一般现在时态，故填walks。
41．句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。For the first time 是固定短语，意"第一次，首次"，在句中表示"丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国"，故填the。
42．句意：这些植物包括现代西方人最喜欢的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。分析句子结构，可知空格前的形容词modern Western应是作定语，修饰空格处的名词；favorite可作名词，是可数名词；在句中表示"现代西方人最喜欢的像迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香（的东西）"，应使用复数形式，故填favorites。
43．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。根据句意，可知空格后的"a great achievement in contemporary design当代设计的一项伟大成就"是句子主语The Glasshouse的身份，所以空格处应使用"介词as+身份名词"的结构，说明The Glasshouse的身份，故填as。
44．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。分析句子结构，结合句意，可知空格处缺少限制性定语从句的引导词；定语从句中缺少谓语动词brought前的主语，应使用关系代词；先行词the Silk Route指物，故填which/that。
45．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入名词，rich的名词形式richness是不可数名词，意"丰富"，故填richness。
46．【答案】Dear Chris,
I'm writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park. You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was!
We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.
In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. How have your classes been lately I would love to hear about them. Take care and write back soon
Best regards,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一封英文邮件，要求考生以李华的名义，和英国朋友Chris分享上周五在公园上的一堂美术课，属于提纲类作文。首先，为了开篇明确并吸引读者的兴趣，我们可以直接提及这次特别的美术课活动； 接着，描述自己完成的作品。由于篇幅有限，我们应简洁而具体地介绍作品内容； 然后，表达自己的感想。感想部分可以围绕这次活动的特别之处、自己的收获或情感体验来展开； 最后，按照邮件的格式，以礼貌的结束语结束信件 。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】 这篇范文生动地描绘了在公园上美术课的特殊体验。作者通过具体描述自己的作品——一幅水彩画，展示了公园中小桥与周围盛开花朵的美丽景色，使读者能够直观地感受到现场的氛围。同时，作者还表达了在自然环境中创作时的轻松愉悦和内心的平静，使这段经历更加鲜活和感人。 本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I'm writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park和We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most都运用了定语从句；You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was!运用了感叹句充当的宾语从句； Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond, surrounded by blooming flowers运用了非谓语动词作状语。 此外，作者还以一句"How have your classes been lately I would love to hear about them."巧妙地过渡到询问对方的情况，增加了邮件的互动性和友好氛围。整体而言，这篇范文结构清晰，语言流畅，情感真挚，是一篇很好的英语作文。
47．【答案】Para 1
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. "If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference which is so important that I can't afford to miss it" I explained. "May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!" I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. "Just keep your promise, Sir." A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.
Para 2
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised, He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the "double car ride", back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I had no choice but to give him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. In this way, we became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter who has a heart of gold.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读可知，文章主要讲述了作者赶着去坐大巴参加一个会议，花了很长时间打车去大巴地点，终于抵达后发现钱包里没现金，无法支付给出租车司机。作者去提款机取钱，但是机器出故障了，于是就跟司机约定过几天再给他。最终，作者如期赴约还钱。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我跑回到Gunter那里，告诉了他这个坏消息"可知，第一段描写作者无法正常给Gunter支付车费，并与之达成后期支付车费的口头协议；②由第二段首句内容"四天后，我回到Vienna，如约给Gunter打了电话"可知，第二段可描写作者信守承诺，给Gunter支付了车费并表达了自己的感激之情，并与 Gunter 成为了好朋友。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型是文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do和Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment运用了非谓语动词作状语的语法结构；If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference which is so important that I can't afford to miss it和May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you都运用了定语从句； I had no choice but to give him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight运用了固定句型have no choice but to do sth 以及定语从句。
1 / 12024年高考英语真题试卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）
第二部分
一、阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
HABITAT RESTORATIONTEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of18 must have the parent /guardian approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills(满足)community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan.15 10:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan.22 10:00am-2:30pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan.29 9:30am-2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
1． What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team
A．To discover mineral resources.
B．To develop new wildlife parks.
C．To protect the local ecosystem
D．To conduct biological research.
2． What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team
A．5. B．10. C．15. D．18.
3． What are the volunteers expected to do
A．Bring their own tools. B．Work even in bad weather.
C．Wear a team uniform D．Do at least three projects.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了HABITAT RESTORATIONTEAM招募志愿者的要求和活动安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys我们将探索美丽的公园遗址，同时进行入侵植物的清除，冬季种植和种子收集。Habitat Restoration Team的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用"，结合选项，可知Habitat Restoration Team的目的应是保护当地的生态系统，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题"AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING"下第一段中的"Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者参加"，可知加入Habitat Restoration Team的最低年龄限制是10岁，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据小标题"AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING"下第三段中的"We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary我们将风雨无阻地工作。穿容易弄脏的衣服。多带几层衣服以应对多变的天气，必要时带上雨衣"，可知志愿者们即使天气不好也要工作，故选B。
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
"I am not crazy, "says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. "I am ahead of my time. "If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods, But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医)now practicing "holistic" medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets
Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, "moves more easily and rides more comfortably" after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. "Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well, "he says. "I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job. "
4． What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him
A．He's odd. B．He's strict C．He's brave. D．He's rude
5． Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university.
B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient.
D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
6． What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B．The complexity of veterinarians' work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases.
D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
7． Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber's point B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection.
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．D
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 这篇文章介绍了美国兽医William Farber博士，他是一位采用"整体医学"方法的先驱者，该方法结合了传统的西方治疗方法和中医的针灸、按摩疗法以及草药治疗。Farber博士在遭受严重背痛后，开始对这种替代疗法产生兴趣，并在自己身上尝试针灸后发现效果显著。随后，他将这些技术应用于宠物治疗，并取得了成功。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他不寻常的方法"，可知Farber的同事不认可他的方法，认为他很奇怪，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients20年前，当他遭受严重的背部疼痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。他试过放松肌肉的药物，但收效甚微。然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效"，可知Farber决定在宠物身上尝试针灸是因为作为病人，他从中受益，故选C。
6．主旨大意题。通读全段，结合"Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月"和"her horse, Nappy, ‘moves more easily and rides more comfortably' after a chiropractic adjustment她的马，纳皮，经过脊椎按摩后，‘移动更容易，骑得更舒服'"可知作者在这一段中，列举了宠物狗Charlie和宠物马Nappy的病例，证明了Faber中医治疗宠物的疗效，故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的" Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700自1982年以来，美国整体兽医协会的会员已经从30个增长到700多个"和本段首句"Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time法伯确信，随着时间的推移，整体方法将越来越受欢迎"，可知作者提到了美国整体兽医协会是为了证明Faber的观点——随着时间的推移，整体方法将越来越受欢迎，故选A。
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material The answers to both questions are often "no. " The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态)and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to ones that require mental abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called "shallowing hypothesis(假说). " According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print
Audio(音频)and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly tum to these technologies -say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing leaning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
8．What does the underlined phrase "shine through" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Seem unlikely to last. B．Seem hard to explain.
C．Become ready to use. D．Become easy to notice.
9．What does the shallowing hypothesis assume
A．Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B．Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C．People select digital texts randomly.
D．Digital texts are suitable for social media.
10．Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers
A．They can hold students' attention
B．They are more convenient to prepare.
C．They help develop advanced skills.
D．They are more informative than text.
11．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Students should apply multiple learning techniques.
B．Teachers should produce their own teaching material.
C．Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
D．Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.
【答案】8．D
9．D
10．A
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 文章主要讨论了阅读屏幕上的文本与阅读纸质文本在理解上存在差异，同样地，听和看内容与阅读书面文字在覆盖相同材料时的效果也不尽相同。这主要是因为阅读屏幕内容时，人们容易分心、以娱乐心态对待且倾向于多任务处理。研究表明，长文本的阅读在纸质上通常比屏幕上更有效，这与纸张的物理特性和人们的心理态度有关。此外，音频和视频虽然感觉更具吸引力，但成人在阅读新闻故事时，比听或看相同内容更能记住更多内容。因此，虽然数字文本、音频和视频在教育上都有其作用，但在需要高度精神集中和反思的情况下，纸质文本仍然是最佳选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题两种常考题型，细节理解题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词前的"When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现"，和划线词后的"when experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to ones that require mental abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a text当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章中的主要思想)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时"，可知阅读文本的好处在实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章中的主要思想)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时变得非常明了，故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的" According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print根据这一理论，人们接触数字文本时的心态与社交媒体相适应，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，而且比阅读纸质书时投入的脑力更少"，可知 the shallowing hypothesis认为数字文本适用于社交媒体，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Audio(音频)and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly tum to these technologie音频和视频比文本更吸引人，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术"，可知音频和视频能更吸引大学生的注意力，故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing leaning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供印刷版无法获得的资源时。然而，为了最大限度地学习需要精神集中和反思的地方，教育者不应该假设所有的媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的单词"，可知在最后一段中作者省略的意思是印刷文本在教育中不能完全被取代，故选C。
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
"With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application, "said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. "These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable "
Using a global dataset of 1. 9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
"We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差)data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of af lowering plant instead of the grass right next to it, "said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
"Quite a lot, "Daru explained." Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places -and even species -that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image. "
12．What do we know about the records of species collected now
A．They are becoming outdated.
B．They are mostly in electronic form
C．They are limited in number
D．They are used for public exhibition.
13．What does Daru's study focus on
A．Threatened species. B．Physical specimens.
C．Observational data D．Mobile applications
14．What has led to the biases according to the study
A．Mistakes in data analysis.
B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures
C．Improper way of sampling.
D．Unreliable data collection devices.
15．What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps
A．Review data from certain areas.
B．Hire experts to check the records.
C．Confirm the identity of the users.
D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在全球取样的生物多样性数据存在的缺陷以及弥补这一缺陷的方法。斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，尽管数字记录（如照片和视频）在记录地球物种多样性方面非常有用，但这些记录存在偏差，不能完美反映全球生物多样性的真实模式。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。尽管它们在探测一个地区物种数量和种类的变化方面很有用，但斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，这种记录并不完美"，可知关于现在收集的物种记录，我们知道的是这些记录都是以电子数据的形式存在的，故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段"Using a global dataset of 1. 9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patternsDaru和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试了这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式"，可知Daru的研究对象主要是观察到的数据，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段"Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features他们的研究表明，大量的观测记录并没有带来更好的全球覆盖。此外，这些数据是有偏见的，倾向于某些地区、时间段和物种。这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。这些数据也偏向于某些具有吸引人或引人注目特征的物种"，可知是不合理的采样方式导致了偏差的出现，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places -and even species -that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.生物多样性应用程序可以利用我们的研究结果告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份"，可知Daru建议生物多样性应用程序为公民科学家提供指导，引导其合理取样，故选D。
二、第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿). 16． No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典)I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 17． Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
18． It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Ox ford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2, 672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163, 000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 19． However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull(乏味)work, "wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 20． A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context
C. But I still don't want to replace them
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【答案】16．F；17．B；18．E；19．A；20．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 本文主要内容为：虽然并非所有伟大的作家都是优秀的拼写者，但想要出版作品，提交一份完美、专业呈现的稿件至关重要。作者强调了校对和参考书籍的重要性，并分享了个人使用纸质字典和同义词词典的偏好。字典不仅用于拼写，还能提供精确的定义、发音、词源和用法示例，阅读字典也是一种愉悦的体验。
A. 我不经常用这本字典。
B. 它不考虑上下文
C. 但我还是不想换
D. 但是字典读起来是一种乐趣。
E. 当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。
F. 这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。
G. 字典并不总是能给你足够的信息。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．选项F" That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误"补充说明了空格前句" If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的"中的"a perfect, professionally presented manuscript"是"good grammar and no spelling mistakes语法正确，没有拼写错误的"，故选F。
17．根据空个前句"I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器"，结合选项，可知空格处应是给出了不信任电脑上的拼写检查器的原因，所以选项B"It takes no account of the context它不考虑上下文"衔接上文，符合题意要求，故选B。
18．选项E"Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling 当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的"引出了空格后句"It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来"，说明了词典的作用，使下文意思紧密衔接，故选E。
19．根据空格后句" However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了"，可知空格处应是说自己不常用Shorter Ox ford Dictionary这本词典，这与选项A"I don't often use this dictionary我不经常用这本字典"意思相同，并且选项A引出了后句中对这本词典的使用方法的介绍，故选A。
20．根据空格后句"A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验"，结合选项，可知选项D"But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read但是字典读起来是一种乐趣"与后句紧密连接，意思一致，故选D。
第三部分
三、语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I've been motivated-and demotivated-by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 21． a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 22． , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 23． for a "super, "referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run-15 miles. To be honest, I 24． it! Between the girl making my 25． seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 26． I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 27． cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 28． of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 29． her bike and went for a ride. The 30． : The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such 31． . That day, I got 32． by about 100"local"bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 33． .
I've 34． a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever 35． I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
21．A． knew B． held C． won D． quit
22．A． regularly B． silently C． proudly D． recently
23．A． asking B． looking C． waiting D． training
24．A． made B． believed C． hated D． deserved
25．A． advantage B． achievement C． contribution D． influence
26．A． way B． risk C． place D． reason
27．A． gave up B． went on C． turned to D． dealt with
28．A． heard B． dreamed C． complained D． approved
29．A． painted B． borrowed C． bought D． parked
30．A． problem B． secret C． principle D． advice
31．A． dangers B． events C． opponents D． challenges
32．A． passed B． convinced C． admired D． stopped
33．A． reliable B． convenient C． familiar D． appealing
34．A． traveled B． matured C． missed D． worried
35．A． limits B． dates C． goals D． tests
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．B；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．D；34．B；35．C
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了作者的一生都受到他人成就的激励和打击。年轻时，作者受到邻居朋友完成马拉松的激励开始跑步，但随后被另一位女孩的超级马拉松成绩和自己的无聊感所打击，放弃了跑步。接着，作者转向骑自行车，并在开始时感到满意，但在一次骑行中遇到了从未有过的挑战，被当地的自行车手超越，这让作者再次感到沮丧。最后，作者意识到无论设定什么目标，都应该是自己的，而不是受他人成就的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：我十几岁的时候，邻居的一个朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held举行；C. won赢；D. quit放弃。根据下句中的"Feeling motivated有了动力"，结合选项，可知此处让作者有动力的是邻居的一个朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，故选C。
22．句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly定期地；B. silently安静地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. recently最近。根据空格前的"I started running我开始跑步"，结合选项，可知作者受到邻居朋友的影响，开始有规律地跑步，故选A。
23．句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为"超级"马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双人马拉松。A. asking问；B. looking看；C. waiting等；D. training训练。根据空格后的"a "super, "referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon"超级"马拉松，指的是52.4英里的双人马拉松，结合选项，可知此处是指女孩在为超级马拉松进行训练，故选D。
24．句意：说实话，我讨厌它！A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据第6空后的 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me如果有条大狗追着我跑，我才会再跑，可知作者不喜欢跑步了，故选C。
25．句意：那个女孩让我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定，我再次跑步的唯一原因就是有只大狗在后面追我！A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据上半句中的"my longest run-15 miles我最长的一次跑是15英里"，结合选项，可知15公里的长跑是作者的成就，故选B。
26．句意：那个女孩让我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定，我再次跑步的唯一原因就是有只大狗在后面追我！A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason原因。上文提到，作者因为那位女孩，讨厌跑步，所以除非遇到危险，即有只大狗在后面追赶，这是让作者重新跑步的原因，故选D。
27．句意：于是我转向骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。上文提到作者放弃了跑步；根据空格后的cycling，可知作者转向了骑行，故选C。
28．句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved同意。根据上句"I got a good bike and rode a lot我买了一辆好自行车，骑了很多次"，结合选项，可知作者梦想参加骑行比赛，故选B。
29．句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted画；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停放。根据上文she was at work one day有一天她在上班，结合下文，可知作者借了妹妹的自行车骑行，故选B。
30．句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据下半句The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time那里的路穿过很大的山谷，我每次都要骑上坡好几英里，这对作者来说是个大问题，故选A。
31．句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据上句中的The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time那里的路穿过很大的山谷，我每次都要骑上坡好几英里，结合选项，可知作者的此次骑行面临巨大的挑战，故选D。
32．句意：那天，我被大约100名"当地"骑自行车的人身边经过，他们已经习惯了这种道路。A. passed通过；B. convinced相信；C. admired钦佩；D. stopped停止。根据上文，作者的此次骑行，面对这巨大的挑战和问题，所以此处试着作者被很多人超越了，故选A。
33．句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可靠的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing有吸引力的。此次骑行，使作者备受打击，原来对骑行的喜爱现在看来夜没那么有吸引力了，故选D。
34．句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured成熟；C. missed错过；D. worried担心。根据下句话 I've come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own我已经开始接受，无论我为自己设定了什么，它们都必须是我自己的，结合选项，可知作者因为上文提到的两次经历，变得成熟了，故选B。
35．句意：我已经开始接受，无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据上文，作者每次的目标都因受到周围人的影响而被迫放弃，所以文章最后作者开始接受无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标，故选C。
四、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 36． (engineer)techniques are applied to create this protective 37． (function)structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals(尊片)"made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days 38． (give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 39． (close)to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 40． (walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 41． first time. These plants included modern Western 42． (favourite)such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too
The Glasshouse stands 43． a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route 44． brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 45． (rich)of gardening in England.
【答案】36．engineering；37．functional；38．to give；39．closed；40．walks；41．the；42．favorites；43．as；44．which/that；45．richness
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Heatherwick Studio的Glasshouse温室展示了丝绸之路对现代英国园艺的影响，结合创新设计，为植物提供适宜环境，同时其周围的丝绸之路花园重现了历史，展示了通过丝绸之路传入英国的多种植物。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及形容词、非谓语动词、谓语动词、冠词、名词、介词、定语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词techniques，表示"最新的工程技术"，故填engineering。
37．句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词structure，故填functional。
38．句意：这些萼片在温暖的日子打开，给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气。根据句意，空格处应是句子的目的状语，表示"为了给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气"，所以应使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to give。
39．句意：在寒冷的天气里，该结构保持关闭以保护植物。空格前的系动词stayed后应使用形容词形式，表示"处于关闭状态"，故填closed。
40．句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。根据句子结构，可知空格处缺少谓语动词；主语"he Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse围绕温室的丝绸之路花园"和谓语动词walk构成主动的关系，表示"围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程"；文章整体使用一般现在时态，介绍了刚建成不久的he National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens，用的是一般现在时态，所以空格处也应使用一般现在时态，故填walks。
41．句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。For the first time 是固定短语，意"第一次，首次"，在句中表示"丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国"，故填the。
42．句意：这些植物包括现代西方人最喜欢的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。分析句子结构，可知空格前的形容词modern Western应是作定语，修饰空格处的名词；favorite可作名词，是可数名词；在句中表示"现代西方人最喜欢的像迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香（的东西）"，应使用复数形式，故填favorites。
43．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。根据句意，可知空格后的"a great achievement in contemporary design当代设计的一项伟大成就"是句子主语The Glasshouse的身份，所以空格处应使用"介词as+身份名词"的结构，说明The Glasshouse的身份，故填as。
44．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。分析句子结构，结合句意，可知空格处缺少限制性定语从句的引导词；定语从句中缺少谓语动词brought前的主语，应使用关系代词；先行词the Silk Route指物，故填which/that。
45．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入名词，rich的名词形式richness是不可数名词，意"丰富"，故填richness。
第三部分
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)
46．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
(1)你完成的作品；
(2)你的感想。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I'm writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park. You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was!
We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.
In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. How have your classes been lately I would love to hear about them. Take care and write back soon
Best regards,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一封英文邮件，要求考生以李华的名义，和英国朋友Chris分享上周五在公园上的一堂美术课，属于提纲类作文。首先，为了开篇明确并吸引读者的兴趣，我们可以直接提及这次特别的美术课活动； 接着，描述自己完成的作品。由于篇幅有限，我们应简洁而具体地介绍作品内容； 然后，表达自己的感想。感想部分可以围绕这次活动的特别之处、自己的收获或情感体验来展开； 最后，按照邮件的格式，以礼貌的结束语结束信件 。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】 这篇范文生动地描绘了在公园上美术课的特殊体验。作者通过具体描述自己的作品——一幅水彩画，展示了公园中小桥与周围盛开花朵的美丽景色，使读者能够直观地感受到现场的氛围。同时，作者还表达了在自然环境中创作时的轻松愉悦和内心的平静，使这段经历更加鲜活和感人。 本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I'm writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park和We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most都运用了定语从句；You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was!运用了感叹句充当的宾语从句； Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond, surrounded by blooming flowers运用了非谓语动词作状语。 此外，作者还以一句"How have your classes been lately I would love to hear about them."巧妙地过渡到询问对方的情况，增加了邮件的互动性和友好氛围。整体而言，这篇范文结构清晰，语言流畅，情感真挚，是一篇很好的英语作文。
六、第二节(满分25分)
47．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car
Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was along queue(队列)still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, tuned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it, "he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message:"Out of order. Sorry. "
注意：
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
【答案】Para 1
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. "If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference which is so important that I can't afford to miss it" I explained. "May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!" I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. "Just keep your promise, Sir." A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.
Para 2
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised, He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the "double car ride", back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I had no choice but to give him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. In this way, we became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter who has a heart of gold.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读可知，文章主要讲述了作者赶着去坐大巴参加一个会议，花了很长时间打车去大巴地点，终于抵达后发现钱包里没现金，无法支付给出租车司机。作者去提款机取钱，但是机器出故障了，于是就跟司机约定过几天再给他。最终，作者如期赴约还钱。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我跑回到Gunter那里，告诉了他这个坏消息"可知，第一段描写作者无法正常给Gunter支付车费，并与之达成后期支付车费的口头协议；②由第二段首句内容"四天后，我回到Vienna，如约给Gunter打了电话"可知，第二段可描写作者信守承诺，给Gunter支付了车费并表达了自己的感激之情，并与 Gunter 成为了好朋友。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型是文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do和Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment运用了非谓语动词作状语的语法结构；If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference which is so important that I can't afford to miss it和May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you都运用了定语从句； I had no choice but to give him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight运用了固定句型have no choice but to do sth 以及定语从句。
1 / 1
