新人教版 必修三 Unit 1 Discovering Useful Structures 课件

(共21张PPT)
UNIT
1
Festivals and Celebrations
Discovering Useful Structures
The -ing Form serving as
the attribute & predicative
His first book___________(publish) last month is based on a true story.
__________(see) from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful.
Claire had her luggage ___________(check) an hour before her plane left.
In their spare time，they are_____________(interest) in planting vegetables in their garden，which is on the rooftop of their house. (2017·全国Ⅱ)
published
Seen
checked
interested
后置定语
状语
宾补
表语
Review
Read and pay attention to the words in red.
Lead-in
1. These lanterns are amazing.
2. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
3. Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together.
表语
定语
定语
What are the functions of the –ing form in the sentences
Part One
-ing form used as the attribute
(-ing形式用作定语)
单个动词 ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作定语；
动词 ing短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作定语。
1．ing作定语时的位置
Families gather to admire the shining moon.
Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy dragon dances.
若单个的V-ing形式修饰的词为those，something, everything, nothing等代词时，则-ing形式要放在其后。
① He is reading something interesting.
他正在读有趣的内容。
② There is nothing amazing.
没什么了不起的。
Attention
（1）动词 ing形式作定语时，它和被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示所修饰词正在进行的动作，此时的动词 ing形式是现在分词，相当于一个定语从句。
2．ing作定语时的用法
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
＝The man who is speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
注意
现在分词：既有动词性质，又有形容词性质。
现在分词
① His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
② The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他 部分用逗号分开。
= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
他的哥哥住在北京，是个教师。
= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。
主语n，V-ing 短语，谓语+其他.
=
主语n，非限制性定从（which/who等+V谓语），谓语+其他.
-ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个限制性定语从句。
① They lived in a room facing the street.
② The man standing there is Peter's father.
③ Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.
他们住在一间面朝街的房子。
站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。
= They lived in a room that faces the street.
= The man who is standing there is Peter's father.
= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.
n. + V-ing短语+ V谓语 + 其他
=
n. + that/who/which等 + V谓语 + 其他
（限制性定从）
（2） 动词 ing形式作定语表示被修饰词的某种功能或用途，此时的动词 ing形式是动名词，相当于由for构成的介词短语。
2．ing作定语时的用法
a reading room＝a room for reading 阅览室
a working method＝a method for working 工作方法
a washing machine＝a machine for washing 洗衣机
running shoes＝shoes for running 跑鞋
注意
动名词：既有动词性质，又有名词性质。
比较:
a moving truck 正在移动的卡车
a moving truck 搬家卡车
(moving为现在分词，表示truck正在移动)
(moving为动名词，说明truck的用途)
动名词
a washing machine
boiling water
动名词作定语表示名词的功能或用途。
现在分词作定语表示名词的性质和状态：进行、主动。
a sleeping pillow
a barking dog
动名词
现在分词
taking
in the reading room
a frightening experience
3. 现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别：
fallen leaves
falling leaves
boiling water
boiled water
现在分词: 表示 _____________的动作
过去分词: 表示 _____________的动作
主动、正在进行
被动、完成
lighted candle
barking dog
主动态 被动态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 (不做定语) having done having been done
否定：not+V-ing
4．ing作定语的变形
Part Two
-ing form used as the predicative
(-ing形式用作表语)
(1) 动词 ing形式作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的动词 ing形式，许多是由能够表示人的某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来。
① The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
② The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.
正在电影院上演的电影很激动人心。
③ The news is quite shocking. 这消息很令人震惊。
现在分词
1. V-ing形式作表语的用法
现在分词：moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等。这类分词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物。
动词 ed形式作表语也可以相当于形容词，表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”。
常用的动词 ing形式及动词 ed形式：
动词 ing形式，表示“令人……的” 动词 ed形式，表示“感到……”
interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的
exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的
delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的
encouraging鼓舞人心的 encouraged 感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的
worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的
感觉类现在分词与过去分词的区别
1. V-ing形式作表语的用法
句式：主系表
① My favourite sport is swimming.
② My job is looking after the children.
(2) -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，相当于名词，具体说明主语的内容， 即主语等同于表语，两者可互换 。
=Swimming is my favourite sport.
＝Looking after the children is my job.
动名词
His job is interesting.
His job is serving the people.
2. 现在分词和动名词作表语的区别
现在分词说明主语的________；动名词说明主语的_______。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语___________，而现在分词_________作主语。
Interesting is his job.
Serving the people is his job.
现在分词
动名词
特征
内容
互换位置
不可以
3. V-ing形式作表语VS 不定式to do 作表语
1. My job is teaching English in a middle school.
2. My job today is to water all the flowers in the garden.
我的工作是在一所中学教英语。
我今天的工作是给花园里的花浇水。
V-ing形式表示抽象的、经常性的动作或一般情况。
不定式to do表示具体的、一次性或将要发生的动作。
UNIT
1
Thanks