高考高频名词
Group1 (ability-award)
ability n. ①[sing,]能力; ② [C，可]才能，本领
[搭配] have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力
to the best of one's ability 尽其所能，竭尽全力
beyond one's ability 超出某人的能力
[联想]
2.access /aekses/ n.①通道，入口; ②接近，进入;③使用权接触的机会
[搭配] have access to 有机会使用;有权接触
get/gain access to 进入(某地);见到(某人/物)
如: People have better access to health care than they used to.人们比以往更容易得到医疗服务。
[联想] accessible ad.可接近的，可进入的
inaccessible adj.难接近的;难以到达的;不可得到的
3.accident n.①(交通)事故，不测事件; ② 偶然的事，意外
[搭配] by accident= by chance偶然，意外地(反义短语on purpose)
如: Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park，I met an old neighbour by accident.昨天当我正在公园附近的人行道上闲逛时，偶然遇到了一位从前的邻居。
[联想] accidental adj.意外的，偶然的
accidentally adv.意外地，偶然地
advantage n.① ③ ④ ⑤优点;②优势，有利条件
[搭配] have an advantage over 胜过/优于......
如: ...they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals-they were cheaper.······
跟其他较有名的竞争对手相比，它们的主要优点是便宜。
have the advantage of 有·...··的优点
take advantage of 利用，占··..··的便宜
如: I'm going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of thhe castle.
我要利用这次旅行(的机会)来探索这个城堡的历史。
[联想]
[反] disadvantage n.不利因素
at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
approach n.①靠近;② 通路，路径; ③方法，方式
v. ① (在距离或时间上)靠近，接近，②着手处理，对付
[搭配] approach to... .....·的方式/方法
the approach of.......·-的来临/临近
make an approach to sb.与某人打交道
[联想] approachable adj.可以接近的
atmosphere n.D大气，大气层;@空气;3气氛，氛围
[联想] atmosphere 表示“大气层，空气”，而climate表示气候”; atmosphere表示“氛围，气氛”，climate可表示“风气倾向，思潮”
attempt/a'tempt/n.[C]尝试，企图 .试图，企图
[搭配]attempt/try to do sth.试图做某事(不一定能成功)
at the first attempt 在第一次尝试时
make an attempt to do/at (doing) sth.试图做某事
attention n. 注意，注意力，专心
[搭配] pay attention to 注意，留心
如: People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for expression.
当人们还有很多自已急需表达的观点的时候，他们就不会关注你了。
attract/catch/get one's attention 吸引/引起/得到某人的注意
devote one's attention to...专心于......fix one's attention on集中注意力于.....
[联想]
attentive adj.注意的，留心的attentively adv.专心地
attitude n.态度，意见，看法
[搭配] attitude to/towards...对.....·的态度/看法如: We should develop a good attitude to life.我们应该培养良好的生活态度。
audience n.听众，观众
[联想] audience 是集合名词，作主语时，如果作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数;如果强调各个成员，谓语动词用复数。
11.average n.①平均，平均数; ② 一般水平，普通水平 adj.①平均的; ②普通的
[搭配] above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均水平
如: Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68C above the average.
去年为有记录以来最热的年，全球温度超出平均温度 0.68 摄氏度
on (the/an) average 平均，一般地
award n.[C]奖，奖品，奖状 v. ①授予，奖励; ② 判给，裁定
1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Since June 2017, right before the ___56___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___ (confidence) speaking English. ...They also need to be ready to give ___61___ (interview) in English with international journalists.
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。
2.【2020·山东卷】Historical 44． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
【答案】accuracy
【解析】考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
3.【2024届江苏省南通市高三下学期四模】Distinguishable character qualities appropriate for shadow performances are presented through the 25 (adopt) of realistic and abstract approaches.
25．【答案】adoption
【解析】考查名词。句意：通过采用现实主义和抽象主义的方法来呈现适合于皮影表演的不同人物的品质。through为介词后接名词adoption作宾语。 故填adoption。
4.【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】During the Tang dynasty, 12 (advance) were made in the processing of tea.
【答案】advances
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：在唐朝，茶叶的加工取得了进步。空处作主语。可数名词advance意为“进步”，由空后的were可知，此处应用名词复数作主语。故填advances。
(2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测) The symbol of this period was the (appear) of lots of sects（流派）of the opera, of which the four most famous were “Mei”, “Shang”, “Cheng”, and “Xun”.
【答案】appearance
【解析】考查名词。句意：这一时期的标志是出现了许多戏曲流派，其中最著名的四个是“梅”、“尚”、“程”、“荀”。the +名词+of，分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式。故填appearance。
Group 2(balance -business)
balance n.① [U，sing.平衡;②U平衡能力; ③ [C，usually sing.]余额; ④[C]天平,使(在某物上)保持平衡
[搭配] a balanced diet 均衡饮食
keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡the balance of nature 生态平衡
weigh sth.on the balance 用天平称某物
ban/baen/n.[C]禁止，禁令 t.明令禁止，取缔
[搭配] put a ban on sth.禁止某事
ban sb.from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事
be under a ban 被禁止
barrier /n.[C]屏障，障碍(物)，关卡
base/beIs/n.[C] ①基底，底座;②根据，出发点; ③ 基地，总部
vt.以··.···为据点(或总部等)，把(总部等)设在
[搭配] base...on/upon sth.以··.···为基础(或根据)
be based on sth.根据·....·，以.....·为基础
如: Success is based on good effort.成功基于勤奋base sb./sth.in 以······为据点(或总部等)
[联想] basement n。地下室basis n.基础，基准
on the basis of 以.....·为基础
basic adj.基础的，基本的
basically ado.基本上
baseless adj.无依据的
5.benefit n.利益，好处，救济金 。有益于，使受益
[搭配] benefit from/by 得益于，从······中受益
for the benefit of 为···.···的利益
如: China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.中国为了全体公民的利益一直在推进公立医院的改革。
be of benefit to= be beneficial to对......有好外
6.blame n.[U](坏事或错事的)责任 vt. 责备，指责，把......归咎于
[搭配]
blame sb.for sth./blame sth.on sb.把......归咎于某人
lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人
bear/take/accept/get the blame for sth.对某事承担责任
如: I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
是他人的过错造成的后果，我拒绝承担责任。
be to blame (for sth.)(对坏事)负有责任
7.breath n.气息，呼吸
[搭配] catch one's breath 恢复正常呼吸 hold one's breath 屏气 out of breath 上气不接下气
如: If you walked up six flights of stairs, would you be out of breath 向上走六段楼梯后你会上气不接下气吗
take a deep breath 深吸一口气。
如: If you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep breath.如果你不介意的话，我想停下来深吸一口气。
[联想] breathe v.
呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地
8. business n.①生意，买卖; ② 商店，企业;③ 职责; ④重要事情
[搭配]
on business 因公出差out of business 停业，歌业mind your own business 少管闲事
get down to business 着手处理正事，开始认真工作
go about your business 忙自己的事，做通常做的事It's none of your business.不关你的事
1.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.
4.考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。
5.考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful，作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。
2.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65 have reported___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing.
66.belief 【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。
Group 3(case-custom)
1.case/ n.①事例，实例;② 病例;③ 调查的案件,诉讼案;④事实，实情;⑤箱，盒
[搭配] in case以防，万一
如: I'll be out for some time.In case anything important happens，call me up immediately.
我出去一会儿，万一有任何重要事情发生，立即给我打电话。
in case of 如果，假使
in no case 决不
in that case 假使那样的话，既然那样
in any case 无论如何
as is often the case 这是常有的事
2.cause/k: z/n.①原因，起因;②理由，动机;③目标，事业 vt.导致，使发生，引起
[搭配] cause sb.to do sth，使某人去做某事
cause sb.sth给某人带来......
cause and effect 因果
3.challenge n.①挑战;②挑战书，(比赛、打斗等的)邀请;③质疑 v. ①对......怀疑(或质疑); ②向··...·挑战;③考查，考验
[搭配]
challenge sb.to sth.向某人挑战某事 accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战
meet a challenge 迎接挑战 face a challenge 面临挑战
[联想] challenging adj. 挑战性的
chance n.① (尤指希望发生的事的)可能性;②机会，时机;②冒险，风险; ④偶然，碰巧，意外
v. ①拿·....·去冒风险，冒险; ②碰巧，偶然发生
[搭配] chance of (doing) sth./chance+ that-clause(做)某事的可能性
如: The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight/slim chance of rain later tonight.
天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜下雨的可能性不大
chance to do sth./chance for sb.to do sth.(某人)做某事的机会
there is a chance that... 有可能......
there's a chance of (sb.s)doing sth.(某人)有可能做某事
the chances are (that). .. 很可能··.....
no chance 不可能
take a chance 冒险
take one's chances 碰运气，准备冒险
by chance 偶然，碰巧
如: An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by chance a long lost antique Greek vase.一位最近乘坐渡船到这个南部岛屿旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失已久的希腊古董花瓶。
5. cheer n.欢呼声，喝彩声 v. ①欢呼，喝彩; ②鼓励
[搭配] cheer up(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来
如: Everyone who saw her, from nurses to famous visitors like Leonardo DiCaprio from the film Titanic, who went to see her in the hospital to cheer her up, all said she was in good spirits.
见过然的每个人，从护士到前往医院探访、给她鼓励的名人，如电影《泰坦尼克号》的主演莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥，都说她精神状态良好
[联想] cheerful adj.兴高采烈的;快活的cheerless adj.阴冷的，阴暗的
comfort n.①[I]U ]安慰;U舒适;②[sing.]令人感到安慰的人(或事物) vt.安慰，抚慰
[联想] comfortable adj;.①舒适的;②愉快放松的
comfortably adv. 舒适地，舒服地uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不安的
7. comment n.①议论，评论，解释;② [sing.]，[U]批评，指责 v. 表达意见
[联想](1)comment作名词时，接on/about sth.，表示“对....··的评论”
comment 作动词时，接on/upon sth.或that-clause，表示“评论......
8.commitment/ n.①投入，奉献;②承诺，保证; ③承诺的事/责任
[联想] commit v. 犯(错误、罪行等)，使承担义务，使作出保证
committed adj.尽心尽力的，坚定的
9.company n.①公司，商号，商行;②剧团，演出团; ③IU陪伴，做伴
[搭配] in company with... 与......一起做伴，陪伴keep pany
keep company with sb.与某人交往，与某人结伴
[联想] accompany 陪伴，伴奏
concern n.①担心，忧虑;②关心，关爱 vt.①影响，涉及;②令某人担忧; ③(对.....·)感兴趣
[搭配] as far as ...be concerned 就··..··来说，就··....而论
concern oneself with/about sth，使自己关心某事
[ 联想 ]concerned adj; ①担心的，忧虑的②关切的
be concerned about/for sth.对......担心concerning prep.关于，涉及
condition n.①状况，状态;②pl环境，条件
[搭配] out of condition 健康状况不佳in good condition 处于良好的状态
on condition (that) 在.....·条件下，倘若......on/under no condition 无论如何都不，决不(一言巧辨]
The player is in very good condition, but his living conditions are very bad.这位选手的健康状况非常良好，但生活条件非常糟糕。
[联想]condition 指人或物所处的真实状况;着重于一定原因或条件造成的具体状态
situation 指某一时间各种情况造成的综合起来的“处境、形
state 指人或物所处的状态(此时可与condition换用);还可指思想、情感、心理等状态。
12 . content n. ①[ pl.] 所合之物，内容;② [pl.](书的)目录，目次; ③[sing]主题，主要内容; ④[sing.]含量容量adj. ①满意的，满足的; ②愿意的 vt. 使满足，使满意
[搭配] be content with sth.对....··满意content oneself with sth.满足于某事物，对某事物满意
13. control n.①指挥，管理;②控制能力; ③限制，管制，控制 v.①指挥; ② 限制;③操纵
[搭配] beyond control 无法控制have/keep control of 控制着
lose control of 失去对·.·.··的控制 out of control 无法管理，失去控制
be under control 被控制住，处于控制之下under the control of 受到··..··的管理或控制
14. course n.①课程，讲座;②航向，航线;③行动方式，处理方法; ④一道菜;⑤进展，进程
[搭配] in/over the course of. 在··..··期间/在··.···的过程中
如: In course of space exploration, astronauts have made the journey into space.
在太空探索的过程中，宇航员已经到达了太空
in the course of time 最后，终于，总有一天 of course 自然，当然
custom n.①风俗，习俗;②个人习惯，习性; ③惠顾，光顾
[联想]customer n.(商店的)顾客，主顾
customs n.海关，关税
custom habit， practice 的区别:
(1)custom 指传统风俗、习俗、生活习惯
(2)habit 指个人养成的、不易改掉的习惯，如be in the habit of(有·...··的习惯)，
fall/get into/develop the habit of(养成......的习惯)，get out of the habit of (改掉.....·的习惯)
practice 指个人或人们的“习惯做法，惯例”
1.【2020·新课标II卷】Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案】celebration
【解析】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。
2.【2020·新课标III卷】Filled with 64． (curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.
【答案】curiosity
【解析】考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
3.【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】Hunan Cuisine, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, which features the 37 (combine) of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic to create a powerful and intense spicy taste.
37．【答案】combination
【解析】考查名词。句意：另一方面，湘菜以其大胆和辛辣的口味而闻名，它的特点是将新鲜的辣椒和大蒜结合在一起，创造出强烈的辛辣味道。根据the和of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic可知，空处应用名词combination(不可数)，作宾语。故填combination。
Group 4(damage-duty)
1.damage n.①损失，损坏，破坏;②[pl]损害赔偿金 vt.损坏，损伤，使·....·受损失
2 danger n.①危险，(坏事或不快之事发生的)可能性;②危害，威胁
[搭配] in danger 处于危险中
be in danger of 有·...··危险out of danger 脱离危险
[一言巧辨] His life was in danger when facing the dangerous tiger面对危险的老虎，他的生命处于危险之中。
[联想] dangerous adj.危险的，有危险的endanger v.危及，危害
date/ n.日期，约会;年代 vi.过时，不流行 vt.注明日期;确定年代;与(某人)谈恋爱
[搭配] out of date 过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最新的，新式的
date back to/date from 从·····-时就有，追溯到，自......至今
Day n.①一天;②白天; ③[C，usually sing.]工作日; ④ [C，usually pl.]时期，时代
[搭配] all (the) day 整天day after day 日复一日
day by day 一天天，逐日day and night 夜以继日every other day 每隔一天，每两天
one day (将来)有一天;(过去)某一天some day(将来)某一天，总有一天these days 而今，如今
the other day 前几天
to this day 直到如今，甚至现在
4.deal/ n.① [sing.]大量,许多;②协议，交易 v. (dealt,dealt)发牌，非法买卖毒品
[搭配] deal in 经营，买卖
deal with ①处理，应付(在特殊疑问句中，how与deal with连用，而what与do with连用);
②涉及，论及
如: Since then, my family and I have been used by billions of people to deal with information and communicate with each other around the world by the Internet.从那时起，我和我的家族成员就被数以十亿计的人用来处理信息，并通过因特网在世界范围内彼此沟通。
It's a deal! 成交!
a good/great deal of 大量，很多make a deal with sb.与某人做买卖
5. debt n.借款，债务
[搭配] in debt 欠债
如: He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他可不希望因为他的餐馆不再受欢迎而欠债。
be in sb’s debt 受某人的恩惠，感激某人out of debt 不负债
design n.①图样，图案;② 设计，布局;③打算，意图 v.①设计，构思;② 计划，筹划
[搭配] design sth.(for sb./sth.) 设计.....design to do sth。计划做··....
by design 有意地，故意地
desire n.渴望，欲望 渴望，期望
[搭配] a desire for.. 对....··的渴望have a strong desire to do sth迫切想做某事
difference/n.①[C，U]不同(之处)，差别，差异; ② [C]意见分歧，不和
[搭配] make a difference 有作用，有影响make no difference 没有作用，没有关系，没有影响
tell the difference between 区分·...··之间的不同[联想]
differ v.相异，有区别
differ from 与......不同differ in 在·....·方面不同
different adj.不同的，有差异的be different from...与......不同
differently adv.不同地
10.difficultyn. ①[U]困难，艰难; ② [C，usually pl. U]难题，难事，困难，困境
[搭配] have difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth.做某事有困难/在某方面有困难
如: A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.他敦人要听懂格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难
get into difficulty 陷入困境with difficulty 困难地
without difficulty 毫不费力地
[联想] difficult ad;.难的，困难的，艰难的
[同]hard [反]easy
11. direction n.① [C，U]方向，方位; ②[C，U]趋势动向;③[C]方面;④U管理，指导;⑤[C，usually pl.] 用法说明;操作指南
[搭配] in the direction of 朝··..··方向
in all directions = in every direction 四面八方under the direction of... 在·....·的指导下
[联想] direct v.把··.···对准(某方向或某人)，指示，指导导演
adj.径直的，(关系上)直接的，(态度上)直率的
adv.直接，径直
directly adv.直接地 conj.一......就......director n.负责人，指导者，局长，导演，董事
Distance n.①[C，U] 距离，间距; ②远方，远处;
③[C，U]冷淡，疏远
[搭配] at/from a distance 从远处，遥远地in the distance 在远处
如: In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls , which is on the south side of the lake.远处，她们可以看到在湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾起来的雾露。
keep one's distance from sb./sth.与·....-保持距离
[联想]distant adj.远的，遥远的，疏远的
13..doubt n.[U，C]疑惑，不相信，不确定 v.①不信任怀疑; ② 认为.....未必可能，不能肯定
[搭配] beyond (any) doubt 无疑，确实
no doubt 无疑，很可能
there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问.....
如: There is no doubt that he will come.他一定会来的
without doubt 毫无疑问，的确
in doubt 可怀疑的，不确定
[联想] doubtful adj.怀疑的，不确定的
drink n. /n.①[C，U]饮料，一杯，一口(饮料)，一份;② [C，U]酒，酒精饮料
v. (drank，drunk)① 喝，饮;②喝酒，酗酒
[搭配] drink to sb./sth.为····..干杯(或祝酒)drink up (把··..·.·)喝光
drink sb’s health 为某人的健康干杯
have a drink 喝一杯
duty n.①[C，U]①责任，义务; ②税，关税
[搭配] do one's duty 尽某人的责任
on/off duty 值/下班
a sense of duty 责任感
1.【2021.6全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
【答案】development
【解析】考查名词作宾语。根据空前冠词the和空后介词of可知，空格应填名词。句意：……并且对于当地地区的发展有益。故填development。
2.【2024届炎德英才联考湖南省雅礼中学模拟】The show’s emphasis on authenticity and 36 (competitive) ensures an experience that is both immersive and engaging, 37 (reshape) conventional perceptions of music competitions.
36．【答案】competitiveness
【解析】考查名词。句意：该节目强调真实性和竞争力，确保了一种既身临其境又引人入胜的体验，重塑了人们对音乐比赛的传统看法。此处与authenticity 并列，应为名词，意为“竞争性”。 故填competitiveness。
37．【答案】reshaping
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。本句已有谓语ensures，此处作状语，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填reshaping。
3.（2024·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔期中）Over the past decade, more than 4,500 teachers across the country have been
awarded at the national level for their professionalism and (devote) to education.
【答案】devotion
【解析】考查名词。句意：在过去十年中，全国有4500多名教师因其专业精神和对教育的奉献精神而获得国家级奖励。用不可数名词devotion与不可数名词professionalism并列做宾语。故填devotion。
Group 5（effect-eye）
effect n.[C，U]①结果，效应，影响;②效果，印象
[搭配] bring/put sth.into effect 使生效，实施
come into effect 生效，开始实施
take effect 开始起作用，见效
have an effect on...对·...··产生影响
in effect v实际上，事实上; ②有效，在实施中
[联想]effective adj.有效的 affect v.影响
2. effort n.①[C,U] 气力，努力，费力的事;② [C]试图，尽力
[搭配] make an effort to do sth.努力做某事
make every effort 尽一切努力
spare no effort to do sth做某事不遗余力
without effort 毫不费力地
3. energy n.[物]能量;精力，活力
[联想] energetic adj.精力旺盛的，充满活力的energetically adv.充满活力地，精力充沛地
event n.事件，大事;比赛项目
[搭配] in that event 如果是那样的话
in any event 不论怎样，无论如何
in the event of 倘若，万一
5. evidence n. ①证据，证明;②(法庭上的)人证, 物证
[联想] evident adj; 清楚的，显然的
evidently adv.明显地，显然地
如: This explanation evidently conveyed something to the saleswoman who searched shelf after shelf.这种解释显然对女售货员有些启示，她一个货架接着一个货架地寻找。
6.example n.例子，榜样
[搭配] for example/instance 例如
set an example to sb。为某人树立榜样
follow sb.s example 学习某人，效仿某人
take...for example/as an example 以 ......为例
7.exchange n.交换，交流，交易所，兑换 vt.交换，交易，兑换
[搭配] exchange...for..以.....·换·....
exchange...with...和......交换.....
in exchange (for)作为(对······的)交换
make/have an exchange 交换
excuse n. 借口，理由 vt.原谅，为··...·辩解，同意免除
[搭配] excuse sb.for(doing) sth。原谅某人(做了)某事
make excuses for 为了......找借口
make one's excuses 解释为何不能做某事
9. exercise n运动，练习，运用，操练 vt.&vi.锻炼，行使
[搭配] do/take exercise 做运动，锻炼
do morning exercises 做早操
10. expense n.①[U]费用，价钱;②[C，usually sing.]开销，花钱的东西
(搭配] at the expense of sb./sth.在牺牲(或损害)······的情况下
at sb.s expense 由某人付钱
spare no expense 不惜代价
living expenses生活费用/开支
[联想] expensive adj.昂贵的
experience /n. ①[U](由实践得来的)经验，实践; ②C](一次)经历，体验 v.①经历，经受;② 感受，体验
[搭配] be experienced in 在······方面有经验
personal experience 个人经历
[一言辨] The sailor has rich experience and he often tells us his interesting experiences.这位水手有丰富的经验，他经常给我们讲他有趣的经历。
[联想] experienced adj.有经验的inexperienced adj.经验不足的
12.expert n.[C]行家adj.熟练的，内行的
[搭配] be expert at/in/on (doing) sth.在··.···方面很内行,擅长....
eye/aI/n.①[C]眼睛; ②[sing.]视力，眼力
vt.注视，审视
[搭配] have an eye for sth.对·..···有鉴赏力(或识别力、眼力）
in the eyes ofsb./in sb.s eyes 在某人看来，以某人的观点
keep an eye on sb./sth照看，留意
see through one's eyes 从某人的角度看
【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】The oldest 12 (evident) of noodles was from 4,000 years ago in China.
【答案】evidence
【解析】考查名词。句意：面条最古老的证据来自4000年前的中国。本空用名词evidence“证据”，作主语。故填evidence。
Group 6(face-fun）
1. face n.①脸; ②面部表情;③表面 v.①面向; ② 面临;③ 正视(现实)，承认
[搭配] be faced with 面对·..···
face up to sth.敢于面对，勇于正视
face south 朝南
face to face 面对面
lose face 丢脸，失面子
make a face/faces 做鬼脸，扮怪相
in the face of sth.即使面对(问题、困难等);由于，因为
Fault n.[U]①责任，过错;② [C]缺陷，毛病
[搭配] be one's fault (that) (···.··)是某人的错
at fault 出错; 应受责备
for all its faults 尽管有各种缺点
find fault with 挑剔，吹毛求疵
favour n.①帮助，好事，恩惠; ②赞同，支持
v. ①优惠，特别照顾，偏祖; ②有助于，有利于
[搭配] do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙
in favour (of sb./sth.) 赞同，支持
in sb’s favour 有助于某人，有利于某人
fight n. ①[C]战斗;①[C]打架，打斗; 图[C]争吵 ③[U]斗志，战斗力
v. (fought,fought) ①打仗，作战; ②打架，搏斗; ③极力反对，与·.....作斗争;④ 争辩
[搭配] fight against sb.与某人作战，同某人打架
fight against sth.为反对·....·而斗争
fight for sth.努力争取，为··....而斗争
如: He gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way.他为了自己的信念放弃了优越的生活，用一种和平的方式为争取他的国家摆脱英国的统治而斗争。
fight with sb.(about/over sth.)(就某事)同某人争辩
fight back (against sb./sth.) 还击，奋力抵抗 (·.....)
figure /n. ①[C，often pl]数字; ②人士，人物; ③ 身材;④轮廓，人影;
⑤ 图，表; (绘画或故事中的)人或动物:⑥塑像，雕像 .
v. ①是··...·的部分;②认为;图计算(数量或成本)
[搭配] figure+ that-clause 认为··...
figure+wh-clause认为·......
figure on sth./figure on (sb./sth.) doing sth.计划，打算，预料
figure out理解，弄明白，计算出
如: I couldn't figure out what I had done to annoy my boss.
我不明白自己做了什么惹老板生气。
6.focus/ /n.中心点，焦点，集中(注意力、精力等于)，聚焦(于)
[搭配] focus on/upon 聚焦，集中于
如: In the fifties, concerns focused on monsters and flying saucers.Ours are reproductive.
50 年代人们主要关心的是怪物和飞碟，而当今人们担心的是繁衍生殖。
The focus of attention 关注的焦点
focus one's attention/mind/efforts on/upon 集中注意力/精神努力于某事
foot n.①脚，足;② (常用单数)底部，基础
[搭配] on foot 步行，徒步
on one's feet 站着，站立
at the foot of... 在·....·底部
rise to one's feet 站起来
set foot in/on 进入，访问，参观(某地)
foot by foot 一步一步地
stand on one's own (two) feet 独立自主，自立
force n.①[U]武力，暴力; ②U力量; ③[U] 权力;④部队，武装部队
v.④强迫，迫使;②用力，强行
[搭配] force sb.to do sth，强迫某人做某事
bring sth./come imnto force 开始实施，开始生效
by force 以武力
by force of.. 靠....··的力量
in force 大量，已生效，在实施中
[联想] forceful adj;.有说服力的forced adj;.勉强的
form /n.①形式;② 体形，形状;③类型，种类:④表格;⑤表现状态
vt.& vi.①产生，出现;② 形成;③排列成④组织，建立
[搭配] take the form of 采取······的形式
fill out/in a form 填表
in the form of以 ......的形式
form the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯
[联想]
9.fun /n.[U]①享乐，乐趣; ②嬉戏，玩笑 adj.有趣的使人快乐的
[搭配] for fun 开玩笑地，为了消遣地
make fun of sb./sth.取笑，嘲弄，拿·....·开玩笑:
如：Don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either。不要感到残疾人可怜，或者取笑他们也别不理睬他们。
have fun 尽情地玩吧
[联想] funny adj.好笑的，滑稽的
【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】Crowd 15 (favorite) include “comet”, featuring a long trail of sparks; “peony”, a flower-like burst; and “strobe”, which produces a blinking effect.
【答案】favorites
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：人们最喜欢的作品包括“彗星”，其特点是有长长的火星痕迹；“牡丹”，一
个像花朵一样的爆炸；和“频闪”，产生闪烁效果。空处在句中作主语，favorite意为“特别喜爱的人（或事物）”时为可数名词.根据空后的谓语include可知，这里应用名词复数。故填favorites。
Group 7(grade-hurt）
1. grade n.①年级; ②等级; ③成绩等级 vt.给··...·分等级/评分
[联想] degrade v.降低······身份，降解
graduate n.毕业生 ，些业
graduation n.(大学或美国高中的)毕业
Gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的
upgrade v.提高，提升
2.hand n.①[C]手;② [sing]帮助，协助;③体力劳动者; ④[sing,]影响，角色
vt.交，递，给
[搭配] hand sb.sth.= hand sth.to sb.递给某人某物
at sb.'s hands/at the hands of sb.出自某人之手
by hand 手工;由专人递送
hand in hand 手拉手;2密切关联in hand ①在手头;@在控制中
at hand 接近
(at) first hand 第一手，亲自
on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
on the one hand ...on the other (hand). .. 一方面......另一方面···.·
hand sth.back 归还某物
hand sth.in 提交，上交
hand sth.out ①分发某物;②提出，给子
hand sth. over (to sb.) 把(权力或责任)移交给(某人)
hands up 举手
3.handle n.[C]把手 v. ①处理，应付;② 触，拿;③控制，操纵
4.harm/ha: m/n.[U损害，伤害 t,伤害，损害
[搭配] do harm to 伤害，对······有害be harmful to sb./sth.对·.....有害
harmony n.①[U]融洽，和睦; ② [C，U](音乐中的)和声;③[C，U]和谐，协调
[搭配] in harmony with ...与··...·协调/一致:
In this heavenly world, people live in perfect harmony with nature.在这天堂般的世界里，人与自然和谐相处。
out of harmony with... 与......不协调，与·.....不一致
[联想]
harmonious adj.和谐的
heart/ha: t/n.[C]①心，心脏;②心肠，内心; ③[sing.]重点，核心，要点
搭配] at heart 内心里，本质上
At heart, every child wants to grow into a happy , healthy.contributing adult.
每个孩子内心里都想长成一个快乐、健康、有所贡献的成年人。
by heart 单凭记忆，能背诵
sb.s heart is in their mouth 提心吊胆，心提到了嗓子眼儿。
heart and soul 全心全意
lose heart 丧失信心，泄气
lose one's heart (to sb.sth）,爱上(某人/某事物)
put one's heart into sth.全身心做某事，热情地做某事
help/help/ n.①[U]帮助，援助; ②[sing.]有帮助的人(或事物); ③[U]有用
v. ①帮助，援助;②改善状况，促进，促使; ③为(自己/某人)取用
[搭配] help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
with the help of sb./with one's help 在某人的帮助下，多亏了某人的帮助
(be) of...help 有·...··帮助的
如: This time I will introduce Tang poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese.
这次我要向你们介绍唐诗，它对学习汉语有很大帮助。
can't help but do sth.忍不住(或无法抑制)做某事
help sb.out 帮助某人摆脱(困境)
help oneself to 请随便吃、随便拿，擅自拿走
home n.①[C，U]家，住所;②[C，U[家乡，定居地;③[sing.]发源地;④[C]养育院，养老院
adv.到家，向家，在家
[搭配] at home ①在家里;②舒适自在，无拘无束③在本国，在国内
make oneself at home 别拘谨，别拘束
away from home 离开家，(比赛队)在客场
set up home 建立家庭，成家
on one's way home 在某人回家的路上
come home to sb.使人(痛苦地)完全明白
honour (Am honor)n. ①[U[尊敬，尊重; ②[sing.]光荣，荣幸; ③ 荣誉，名誉; ④[C]奖励，荣誉称号
vt. ①尊敬，尊重(某人); ②信守，执行(承诺);③ 给予表扬(或奖励头衔、称号)
[搭配] be/feel honoured (to do sth(做某事)感到荣幸
do sb.an honour/do sb. the honour (of doing sth.) 给··....带来荣誉，赏光
have the honour of sth./of doing sth，得到某殊荣，有幸做某事
in honour of 为向······表示敬意
hope/haup/n.①[C]希望，期望; ②[C，usually sing.]被寄予希望的人(或事物、情况)
v.期望，希望(某事发生);
[搭配] hope to do sth.希望做某事
hope for 希望得到......
in the hope of sth./ in the hope that... 抱着.....·的希望
have high hopes for s.对某人抱很大希望
[联想] hopeful adj;.满怀希望的
hopeless adj.无望的，无能的
host/ n.①[C]主人;②[C]东道主，主办国 (或城市、机构);③[C](电视或广播的)节目主持人
vt.主办，主持(活动)
[联想] hostess n.女主人，女房东
hurry n.匆忙，急忙 v.①赶快，急忙;②迅速处理
[搭配] hurry to do sth.=do sth.hurriedly =do sth.in a hurry 赶快做某事
hurry sb.(into doing sth) 催促某人(做某事)
hurry+ prep./ado.(朝某方向)迅速移动
hurry away 匆匆离开
hurry up (with sth.) 急忙(做某事)
in a hurry 迅速，赶快，仓促，匆忙
hurt n.心灵创伤，委屈 v. (hurt，hurt) ①(使)疼痛受伤;②感到疼痛;v使不快，使烦恼; ④对·.....有不良影响adj.(身体上或感情上)受伤的
【2024届安徽省皖江名校联盟高三下学期二模】Set at an orbit 6 (high) of approximately 500 kilometers, these 7 experimental (experiment) satellites offer advantages such as low latency (延迟) and high data transfer rates 8 compared (compare) with high-orbit satellites which travel at 36,000 kilometers.
6．【答案】height
【解析】考查名词。句意：这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里，与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比，具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。作介词的宾语，应用名词height，不可数。故填height。
Group8 (idea--luck)
1. idea n. ①[C]构思，想法，主意;②[sing]目标，意图;③[U，sing.]印象，概念
[搭配] have no idea 不知道
have an idea 有一个主意
come up with an idea 想到一个主意
一个大致的想法a general/rough idea
influence n.①[C，U]影响，作用; ②[C]有影响力的人(或事物)
vt.影响，对··.···起作用
[搭配] have an influence on 对·..···有影响
under the influence of 在··....·的影响下
[联想] influential adj;.有很大影响的
3 . interest n.①[sing，U]兴趣; ②[U]趣味 ③[C，usually pl.]利益，好处 .使感兴趣
[搭配] have/take an interest in sth.对.....·感兴趣
with interest 有兴趣地
show/express interest in 对·..···表现出/表达出兴趣
places of interest 名胜古迹
[联想] interested adj.感兴趣的(强调人的心理状态
interesting ad.有趣的，有吸引力的(强调事物的性质和特征
4.justice n.①[U]公平，公正;②U司法制度，审判，法律制裁
[搭配] do justice to... 公平对待.....·
bring sb.to justice 将某人绳之以法
Knowledge n.①[U，sing.]知识，学问，学识②[U]知晓，知悉，了解
[搭配] have a good knowledge of 熟知，了解
have no knowledge of 不知道，不了解
without one's knowledge 在某人不知道的情况下
to one's knowledge 据某人所知
lack /n.[U.sing.]短缺，缺乏 v. 没有，缺乏
[搭配] for/through lack of 由于缺乏，因为没有
lack of 缺乏，贾乏，短缺
be lacking in 缺乏......
light n.①[U]光，光线，光亮; ②[C] 电灯 ;B[sing]火柴，打火机，点火器
adj.③ 明亮的;②淡色的，浅色的;③ 轻的，不太重的
v. (lighted，lighted; lit，lit; lighted和lit作谓语时无区别，但lighted可放在名词前作定语，而lit不可以 )①点火，点燃; ②照亮，使明亮
[搭配] in the light of sth.考虑到，鉴于
bring sth.to light 披露，暴露
come to light 为人所知，暴露
throw light on 使(问题等)较容易理解
make light of 轻视，对·....·等闲视之
如: Make light of your apparent dumbness and ask for a repeat.不要在意你显而易见的不理解，你可以请求重复
[联想]
line n.[C] ①线，线条;②台词;③皱纹:④路线，方向，方位;⑤行，列，排; ⑥运输公司，航运公司电话线路 vt.沿··..··形成行(或列、排)
[搭配] hold the line 不挂断电话
be on line 在工作中，在运行中，联机
line up 排成一行，站队，使站成一队，组织，安排
in line 成行，排队
in line with 和··.···相似(或紧密相连)
look n.[C，usually sing]①看，瞧; ② 查找，图样子,相貌; ③[C]眼神，表情，脸色 v. ①看，瞧;② 寻找; ③显得，似乎
[搭配] 参见[高考高频动词短语]
[一言巧辨] They looked sadly at the master，because the master himself looked sad.
他们难过地看着老师，因为老师自己也显得悲伤。
7.luck n.[U] ①幸运，好运; ② 运气，命运
[搭配]
in luck 走运
out of luck 不走运
good luck (with sth.) 祝··..··好运
[联想] lucky adj.幸运的luckily adv. 幸运地
unlucky adj;.不吉利的，不幸的
unluckily adv.不幸地
Group 9 (majority--moment)
1.majority n.大部分，大多数
[搭配] in the majority 占大多数
the majority of ....··的大多数
[联想] major adj.主要的，重要的; minor adj.较小的，次要的; minority n.少数;少数民族
manner n.①[sing.]方式，方法;②[sing.]态度举止; ③[pl.]礼貌，礼仪
[搭配] in a...manner 用......方式
It's good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事有/没有礼貌
mark/ma: k/n.[C]①污渍，污点;②分数;图符号，标记 v.①做记号;②打分
搭配] mark A with B/ark B on A 用B给A做标记/将B标在
be marked with 标有......的记号
below the mark 未达到标准
4.medium n.①手段，方法，②(传播信息的)媒介 adj.D中等的;②中号的
5. memory n.①记忆，回忆;①记忆力
[搭配] in memory of 为纪念......
如: A film will be made in memory of those brave fire fighters.
为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。
escape one's memory 某人一时想不起
[联想] memorize t记住
memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的
6. mention n.[U，C，usually sing.] 提及，说起 v.提到，说到
[搭配]mention doing sth提及做某事
not to mention 更不用说，且不说
as mentioned above 如上所述
don't mention it(别人道谢时回答)不客气
7. mercy n.① [U[仁慈, 宽想; ② [C,usually sing.] 恩惠，幸运
[搭配] at the mercy of sb./sth.任由...... 摆布
have mercy on sb.对......仁慈
show mercy to 对·..···表示同情
[联想] merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的
be merciful to 对......仁慈
Mess n[C ,usually sing.]①杂乱，肮脏; ② 困境，混乱
[配]get into a mess 陷入困境
in a mess 杂乱，陷入闲境
make a mess of sth.使(工作、计划等)一团糟，弄乱.....
[联想] messy adj.凌乱的，不整洁的
message n.①(书面或口头的)消息，信息②电邮信息，(手机)短信息; ③ (书、演讲等的)要旨，教训
[搭配] get the message领悟，理解，明白(别人的暗示）
leave a message to sb.给某人留言
take a message for sb。替某人挡个信儿
mind n.①[C，U]头脑，大脑; ②[C] 心思; ③[C，usually sing]记忆力; ④[C]聪明人，富有才智的人
v.①对(某事)烦恼，苦恼，介意; ②注意，当心; ③照看(人或物)
(搭配] mind (sb doing sth.介意(某人)做某事never mind 不要紧，没关系
change one's mind 改变某人的主意
bear/keep sb./sth.in mind /bear/keep in mind that... 将......记在心中，考虑到·....
make up one's mind 下定决心，做出决定
如: Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定了决心就不会改变主意。
minimum adj.最小的，最低限度的 n.最低限度，最少量
[联想] (反)maximum adj.&n.最大量(的)，最大限度(的)
11 .mistake n.①(言语或行为上的)错误，失误; ② (用词或数字等上的)口误，笔误，错误
vt.(mistook，mistaken)误解，看错
[搭配] by mistake 错误地，无意中
make a mistake 犯错误
mistake sb./sth.for sb./sth。把.....·错当成·.....
[联想] mistaken adj.错误，被误解的
Moment n.①瞬间，片刻;② [C]机遇，时机; ③[sing.]某个时刻，当时
[搭配] at the moment 此刻，目前
at this/that moment 此时/那时
for a moment 一会儿，片刻
for the moment/present 目前，暂时
in a moment 立即，马上
the moment (that). .......就......
Group 10 (name--outside)
name n.①名字，名称; ② [usually sing]名声,名誉; ③名人
vt.①命名，给......取名;②说出......的名字，列举
[搭配] under the name of 以··..··为别名
by the name of 名叫·.....的
name sb./sth.after sb.以......命名·.....
in the name of 以·...··的名义
2.nature n.①[U]大自然，自然界; ② [C,U]天性，本性
[搭配] by nature 天生地
in sb.'s nature 某人本性如此
如: It is not in his nature to be selfish and rude.自私和粗鲁不是他的本性。
[联想] natural adj;.自然的，天生的
3. need /n.①[sing.，U]需要，必须;②[C，U]特别需要,迫切要求 v.需要，必需;
modal v.(表示没有必要或询问是否有必要)需要
[搭配] have (no) need to do sth.必须(不必)做··..·
in need of 需要......
need to do sth，需要做某事
sth. needs doing= sth.needs to be done某事需要被做
there is no need to do sth.没有必要做··....
note/naut/n.[C]①短笺，便条;②笔记记录;③纸币; ④注释，批注
v.①留意，注意;②特别提到，指出
[搭配] take note (of sth) 注意到，将··..··铭记在心
make a note 做笔记
leave a note for sb.给某人留个便条
notice//n.①[U]注意; ①U预告，警告 ;③[C]通知，布告
v.①看(或听)到;①留意，注意
[搭配] come to sb.s notice 引起某人的注意
take no notice of 不注意，不理会
如: I took no notice of the boy playing outside.我没注意到外面玩的那个男孩。
number n.[C] ①数，数字; ②(电话、传真等的)号码;③数额，数量
搭配] in great/large numbers 大量地
in number 在数目上
a number of 许多.·····(后接复数谓语the number of ······的数量(后接单数谓语
[一言巧辨] A number of teachers are present at the meeting today，and the number of them is 300.许多老师今天都出席会议了，他们的人数是 300。
7.object n.①物品，物体;②目标，目的;③宾语 v. 反对
[搭配] object to (doing) sth.反对(做)...... (to为介词)
如: Why do some people object to human cloning 为什么有些人反对克隆人类
[联想] objection n.反对
Objector n.反对者
objective adj.客观的
subjective adi.主观的
offer /n.①主动提议，建议; ②出价; 减价v. ①自愿给予，主动提出; ②提供(东西或机会)，供应
[搭配] offer to do sth. 主动提出要做某事
offer sb. sth.=offer sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
make an offer 开价/报价
8.opimion /n.①[C]意见，看法，想法;②[U](群体的)观点，信仰
[搭配] have a good opinion of sb.对某人评价好
in one's opimion 在某人看来，按照某人的看法
give/express one's opinion on/upon 对·...··发表意见
order /n.①[U]次序，顺序; ②[U]条理:③[U]治安，秩序;④[C]命令，指示; ⑤[C，U]订购，订单;⑥ [C]点菜
v. ①命令，指挥，要求; ②订购;③点(酒菜等)
[搭配] in order(依法)有效的;正常，准备好;妥当，适宜
in order that 为了，以便，目的在于
in order to do sth.目的是，以便，为了
out of order 有毛病，出故障，违反规程的，不合乎(会议或辩论)规则的
如: I'm sorry，but this phone is out of order 很抱歉，但是这部电话出故障了
[联想] orderly adj.整洁的，有秩序的
(反)disorder n。混乱，失调
outline n.①概述，梗概;②略图 vt.①概述; ②显示·....··的轮廓
outside adv.在外面 n。外部 adj.外部的 prep. 在·.....外面
[联想] (反)inside ad.，adj，n.&prep.(在)里面
1.【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三4月押题】The zone will achieve zero-carbon___________(operate) in all aspects.
【答案】operation
【详解】考查名词。句意：园区将实现全方位零碳运营。根据句意和所给动词operate以及空格前的动词achieve分析句子可知，空格处应该填入operate的名词形式operation作动词achieve的宾语，为不可数名词。故填operation。
Group 11 (pace-purpose)
pace n. ①[sing.， U] (移动的)速度，步速;②[sing.，U]发生的速度，步伐，节奏; ③[C](走或跑时)迈出的一步
v. ①来回踱步，走来走去; ②确定速度，调整节奏
[搭配] the pace of life 生活节奏keep pace (with sb./sth.) (与......)并驾齐驱，(与......)步调一致
at a slow pace 缓慢地
2. pack n.①一包，一捆;② 群;图纸包;③ 一副
v.打包，包装
[搭配] pack up收拾行装
pack with 塞满
3.pain n.①[C，U](身体上的)疼痛; ②[C，U]痛苦苦恼，烦恼 .使痛苦，使苦恼
[搭配] take pains to do sth，兢兢业业地做某事
painful adj;.令人痛苦的，艰难的[联想]
painless adj.无痛的，轻松的
painfully adv.令人痛苦地;非常地
4.pair/pea(r)/n.[C] ①一对，一双; ②分两个相连接部分的物体 .使成对，配对
[搭配] a pair of 一对，一双
in pairs 成双的，成对的
5.panic n.惊恐，恐慌 .使惊慌
[搭配]get into a panic 陷入恐情
in panic 惊慌地
part /n.①[U]部分; ②[U]成分，成员; ③[C]份，等份;④[C]角色; 台词
v. ①分别，离开; ②分离，分开
[搭配] for the most part 通常，多半
in part 部分地，在某种程度上
take part (in sth.) 参与某事
play a part/role (in sth.) 参与某事，(在......)发挥作用
如: Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位对方言的产生也有影响。
play a part/role of 扮演······角色
[联想] partly adv. 部分地，一定程度上
part-time ad.部分时间的，兼职的
pity n.①[sing]可惜，遗憾;②U同情，怜悯
[搭配] have/take pity on sb.对某人表示同情(或怜悯)
feel pity for sb.同情某人
out of pity 出于同情
It's a great pity that... 很遗憾.....
place n.[C]①地方，场所;②某处地方(如城镇或建筑物等); ③座位，位置; ④[sing,]地位，身份
v.①放置; ②使(人)处于某位置;③排名次，划分
绪
[搭配] in place 在正确位置，准备妥当;在工作，准备就
in place of 代替，顶替
in the first place 第一，究竟，到底out of place 位置不当，不得体，不适当
如: The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors ,suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks out of
place in the garden of a traditional home.这件家具，式样摩登、颜色明亮适合现代房子和花园，但是在传统家庭的花园里看上去不合适
take place 发生，进行
take the place of 代替，替换
9.pleasure n.①[U]愉快，满意;② [C]乐事，快事;③[U]玩乐，休闲
[搭配] for pleasure 为了取乐，作为消遣
take great/no pleasure in (doing) sth.很喜欢/不喜欢(做).....，从......中得到/得不到满足
with pleasure 高兴地，非常乐意
如: Invited to a Naxi home, you should accept with pleasure.如果被邀请去纳西人家做客，你应该高兴地接受。
It's my pleasure./My pleasure.不客气/不用谢。
It's a pleasure to do sth. 很高兴做某事/做某事很荣幸
[联想] pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的，宜人的，友好
pleased adj.愉快的;满足的;感到满意的
10. point n.[C] ①论点，见解;②核心问题，重点; ③尖头，尖端; ④得分，点
v. 指，指向
[搭配] on the point of 正要··.···的时候
to the point 简明恰当，简洁中肯
point out (to sb.)(向某人)指出
如: On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissues such as bone or lung tissue that could be used to save human lives.一方面，有些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎,就能制造出宝贵的人体组织一如骨组织或肺组织一一它们能够用于挽救人类的生命
population/ n.人口;族群
[搭配] with a population of 有.....人口
have a population of 有......人口
如: The Bai ethnic group has a population of around two million。白族的人口约有 200 万
[联想] population 作“人口”讲时是集合名词，有时可与a连用;作主语时用what提问，不用how much; 表示人口多、少时用large和small
12. position /n.①[C]位置，地方; ②[C，U]姿势，姿态;③[C，usually sing;]处境，状况; ④[C]立场，态度;⑤[C，]等级地位;⑥职位，职务 v.使处于，安置
[搭配] be in no position to 不能·.....
13.possession n.①[U]具有，拥有;②[C]私人物品，个人财产(常用复数)
[搭配]
in possession of 拥有，占有(主语通常为人，含主动意)
in the possession of 为......所拥有(主语通常为物，含被动意义)被某人所拥有，某人得到.......
come into sb.'s possession
take/get possession of 占有....··，得到......
[一言巧辨]Does the young man standing there in possession of the company -No.The company is in the possession of his father一是站在那边的年轻人拥有的这家公司吗 一不，这家公司为他父亲所拥有。
[联想] possess vt.拥有，支配
14. post n.①[U]邮政，邮递;②[U[邮件;③ [C]职位，(尤指)要职 vt.①邮②张贴;③ 发布
[搭配] post sb.sth.=post sth.to sb.寄某物给某人
power n.[U] ①控制力，影响力;②政权; ③能力，机会;④ 电力供应; ⑤力量; (身体、心智的)某种能力
[搭配] be in power 执政
come to power 执政，当权
beyond/out of one's power 能力所不及
[联想] powerful adj.强大的，强健的，有影响力的powerfully ado.强有力地，强大地
pressure n.①U压力，挤压;②[C，U]压力，压强; ③U催促，强迫; ④[U](also pressures) 紧张，心理压力
[搭配] put pressure on sb.(to do sth.) 强迫某人(做某事)促使某人(做某事)，劝说某人(做某事)
under pressure (液体或气体)受压力，压缩;被迫;承受着(急于完成某事的)压力
17. price /n.①[C，U] 价格，价钱; ②[sing.]代价 v. ①给··..··定价; ②(在商品上)标价
[搭配] at a price 以高价，付代价
at any price 不惜任何代价，无论如何
beyond price 无价的，极宝贵的，极重要的put a price on sth.(为贵重物)定价
[联想] priceless adj.无价的，极重要的
pride n.①[U，sing;]自豪，得意感; ②[sing]值得自豪的人(或事物); ③[U]自尊，自尊心; ④ 自负，傲慢
[搭配] with pride 自豪地
take (a) pride in sb./sth.为......感到自豪、骄傲
[联想] proud adj.骄傲的，令人自豪的
be proud of sb./sth.为......感到自豪，以......为荣
be/feel proud to do sth. 做某事感到自豪
be proud that...很自豪......
proudly ado.骄傲地，自豪地
print n.①印刷; ②刊登，登载 n.①[U]印刷字体; ②[U]出版界，印刷行业;③[C，usually pl.] 指纹，手印，脚印
[搭配] in print 继续印行;已刊印，已出版
out of print 不再印行，绝版
20. process/n.①工序;②过程 v.①加工，处理;②审核
[搭配] in the process of (doing) sth.在(做)某事的过程中在进行......中
21.profit n.①[C，U]利润，收益;②U利益，好处v.获益，对......有用(或有益)
22. progress n. [U] ①进步，进展;②前进
v. ①进步，改进，进展;②行进
[搭配] in progress 在进行中
make progress 取得进步
progress to sth.接着做(另一件事)
purpose n.①[C] 意图，目的，用途; ②[C]可重要意义;③ [U]意志，决心
[搭配] on purpose 故意，有意地:
如： I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
我故意熬到 11 点半不去睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮
for the purpose of.. 出于......目的，为了......
with the purpose of... 带着.....-的目的，为了......
1.【2022.6新高考1卷】The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _eventually (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
答案：populations
解析： 考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。
2.【2021.6 浙江卷】In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 (marry) ceremony in 1842. ... 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
3.【答案】marriage
【解析】考查名词。此题考查动词变名词，marry→marriage，这里表示结婚仪式。句意：Charles Dresser 于1842年在这里举行了他们的结婚仪式。
【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, is an enthusiastic 9 (support) of this idea. “On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal 10 the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said.
9．【答案】supporter
【解析】考查名词。句意：黄兵兵，现居广东深圳，是这个理论的支持者。不定冠词an修饰可数名词单
数，作表语。故填supporter。
Group 12(quantity--ruins)
quantity/n.①[U]量，数量;②[C，U]数目，数额
[搭配] a small /large quantity of 少量/大量的(作主语时谓语的数与of后的名词保持一致)
quantities of 大量的(作主语时谓语用复数形式)
in quantity/in large (huge) quantities 大量地
如: He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities他去了一座大量出产铁的城市。
question/ n.①[C]问题;② [C]议题，课题:③[U]怀疑，困惑
v.①正式提问; ②怀疑
[搭配] question sb.about/on sth.关于某事讯问某人
in question 讨论中的，不确定，有疑问
out of question 毫无疑问，肯定
out of the question 不可能，不允许
range n.①[C]种，类; ②[C，usually sing.](变动或浮动的)范围，界限; ③ [C，usually sing.]一系列
v.①(在一定的范围内)变化，变动; ②(按一定位置或顺序)排列
[搭配] in/within range (of sth.) 在可及的范围内out of range (of sth.) 超出(·...··的)范围range from...to...在一定的范围内变动range between...and... 在.....·和.....·之间变动
rate n.[C] ①比率，率; ②速度，进度;图费用，价格 v.①估价，评价;②划分等级，分等
[搭配] at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样
at this/that rate 照此情形，如此下去
Reason n.①[C]原因，理由; ②[U[道理，情理v. ①推理，推断; ②思考，理解
[搭配] by reason of因为，由于
for no reason 无缘无故
with/without reason 有/没有道理
[联想] reasonable ad.合乎情理的，合理的，公道的reasonably adv. 公平合理地，通情达理地
record n./ ①记录; ②(尤指体育运动中最高或最图唱片
v. ①记录;②录(音)，录(像);③ 灌(唱片)
[搭配] break the record 打破纪录
hold the record 保持纪录
keep a record (of...) 记载，记下来 (·......)
如: Keep a record of what interests you most. 记下你最感兴趣的事。
set a record 创纪录
7. relief n.①减轻，缓和;②调剂;③ 救济，救援物品;④宽慰
[搭配] to one's relief 使某人感到欣慰的是in/with relief 如释重负，放心地
[联想] relieve v. 减轻，缓解relieved adj.放心的，感到宽慰的
8.repair/ /n.[C，U]修理，修补 v. ①修理，修补;②补救，纠正
[搭配] beyond repair 无法修复
under repair 正在维修中
9.reply n.[C]可回答，答复 v.①回答，答复;②回应，作出反应
[搭配] in reply to 作为对......的答复
10. report n.①报告;②报道;③调查报告v.①报道; ②据说，传闻;③告发，举报;④ 报到
[联想] reporter n.记者;通讯员
reputation n.名声，名誉
[搭配] have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名
earn/win reputation 赢得名声
request /n.①要求，请求; ②要求的事 vt.请求
[搭配] be in request 有需求，大受欢迎
by request 依照要求
at one's request= at the request of sb.应某人之请求
request sb.to do sth。请求某人做某事
a request for sth.对某事的请求
reserve n.①储备(量);②自然保护区vt.①预订; ②保留; ③拥有，保持
联想] reservation n。预订，保留意见reserved adj.矜持的，内向的
respect n.& vt,尊敬，尊重
[搭配] in respect of 就······而言，关于out of respect 出于尊敬
[联想] respectable adj;. 值得尊敬的，体面的
respectful adj.表示敬意的
respective adj;.各自的，分别的
respectively ado.各自，分别，依次为
16. responsibility n.①[C，U]负责，责任;②[U]事故责任
[搭配] take the responsibility for (doing) sth.负起对(做)某事的责任
[联想] responsible adj;.有责任，应受责备
17.result n. ①[C，U]结果，后果; ②[C，usually pl.]成绩，得分
vi.(因·....·)发生，(随···....)产生
[搭配] as a result 结果
as a result of 因为，由于
如: About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking.
20 世纪 90 年代约有 2 100 万人死于吸烟。
result in 导致，造成
result from 起因于
without result 毫无结果，徒劳
18. reward n.①[C，U]奖励，回报; ②[C]悬赏金 vt.给以报酬，奖赏
[联想] rewarding ad;.有益的，报酬高的reward与award的区别:
二者都可用作名词和动词，其区别有
reward 表示因做了某事而得到的“报酬、酬劳”award 多表示正式地或官方地颁发奖品或奖项。
risk n.①[C，U] 危险，风险; ②[C ]危险人物vt.①冒.....·危险; ②使.....·冒风险
[搭配] run/take risks 冒险
risk (doing) sth.冒险(做)·....
at risk 有危险，冒风险
at the risk of doing sth. 冒着.....··的风险
[联想] risky adj.有危险的
22. routine/ru:ti: n/n.①[C，U] 正常顺序，常规;②[C]例程，例行程序; ③ [U]生活乏味，无聊
23. ruin n.①[U] 毁坏，破坏; ②[U]破产;③[sing.]祸根; ④废墟 vt. ①毁坏，破坏，②使破产，毁灭
[搭配] in ruins 毁坏，严重受损，破败不堪
如: In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在司的 15 秒内，一个巨大的城市变为了废墟
bring...to ruin 使.....·毁灭，使.....·没落fall into ruin 灭亡;荒废
rule n.①[C]规则，规章; ②[C，usually sing.]习惯惯常的做法; ③统治，管理
v. ①统治，控制; ②控制，支配; ③ 判决，裁定
[搭配]as a rule 通常，一般说来
break a rule 违反规定
obey/follow/observe the rules 服从/遵循/遵守规则
rule sb./sth.out 把··..··排除在外;认为·....·不适合
1.【2022全国乙卷】“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __largest_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
答案： responsibility
解析：考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其
他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
2.【2024届河北省衡水市部分示范性高中高三下学期三模】She is one of many who regard gua sha as an efficient way to ease muscle pains and 2 (tired). Many shared 3 (they) gua sha experiences and tips, such as using homemade scraping tools and different meridians (经脉) on the body to relax.
2．【答案】tiredness
【解析】考查名词。句意：她和许多人一样，认为刮痧是缓解肌肉疼痛和疲劳的有效方法。根据pains可知，此处应该用 tired 的名词形式tiredness，作宾语，不可数。故填tiredness。
3．【答案】their
【解析】考查代词。句意：许多人分享了他们的刮痧经验和技巧，比如使用自制的刮痧工具和身体上不同的经络来放松。修饰后文experiences and tips应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
Group 13(sail--sympathy)
1 sail n.①[C，U]帆; ②sing.乘船航行
v.①航行; ②驾驶帆船航行; ③起航
[搭配] sail through (sth) 顺利通过(考试等)
set sail 起航，开航
如: The ship set sail and headed for Shanghai.这艘船起航前往上海
[联想]sailor n.水手，海员
2.sale n.①[C，U[销售，出售; ② [pl.] 销售量;③ [C]特价销售，大减价
[搭配] for sale 供出售，待售
on sale出售，上市，减价出售
3. scene/si: n/n.①[C]事件，场面; ②[C]片段，镜头;③ [C]景色，景象; ④[C，usually sing. ](尤指不愉快事件发生的)地点，现场
[搭配] behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后，秘密地，背地里
be/come on the scene 出现，到来
schedule n、①[C，U]日程安排，工作计划;②[C]一览表，明细表vt.安排，为··.·..·安排时间
[搭配] ahead of schedule 提前on schedule 按时，准时
be scheduled for..把·.....安排在·....
be scheduled to do... 预定做·....
5. score n.[C]①(游戏或比赛中的)得分，比分:② 20 个，约 20 个; ③(考试中的)分数，成绩 .(在游戏或比赛中)得分
[搭配]scores of 许多，大量
如: There are scores of modern art styles.现代艺术风格有很多种。
keep (the) score 记分
6.search /n.搜索，搜查 v.①搜索，搜寻，查找; ②搜查，搜身
[搭配]search (sb./sth.)for sth。搜查(某人或某物)以寻找.....
警察如: The police searched the house for the stolen jewelry.搜查了那栋房子，寻找被偷的珠宝
search out 找出，查到，搜寻到
in search of 寻找
7.secret n.①[C]秘密，机密;②[sing.]秘诀，诀窍; ③[C，usually pl]奥妙，奥秘 adj.①秘密的，保密的;②暗中进行的，未公开的
[搭配] in secret 秘密地，暗中
keep a secret 保守秘密
give away a secret 泄露秘密
[联想]secretly adv.秘密地secretary n. 秘书
sense/sens/n.①[C]感觉官能;②[C]感觉，意识;③[sing.]判断力，理解力; ④[C]含义，意义
v.①感觉到，意识到
[搭配] make sense 讲得通，有道理，有意义，是明智的是合乎情理的
make sense of sth.理解，弄懂(不易理解的事物)
There is no sense in (doing) sth.(做)某事是不明智的
[联想] sensible ad.明智的，理智的
senseless adj.失去知觉，不明智的;无意义的
sensitive adj.敏感的，灵敏的，易生气的
shadow n.①[C]影子;@U昏暗处; [sing](坏)影响
[搭配] im/under the shadow of 在······近旁，被(某人的光彩)所掩盖[
析] shadow shade
Shadow “阴影，影子”，指一个平面，与light相对;
shade “背阴，阴凉处”，指一个立体空间，与heat相对
9.shame/ f elm/n.①[sing]令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事 ②[U] 羞耻心，羞愧感; ③[U]羞耻，羞愧
[搭配] to sb’s shame 让某人感到羞耻(羞愧)的是······
put sb./sth.to shame 使相形见细
What a shame! 真可惜(遗憾)!
shape /n.① [C]外形，形状;② [U]情况，状况;③ [U]性质,特点
vt.①使成为··..··形状(或样子),塑造;②影响.....的发展，决定·...··的形成
[搭配] in the shape/form of sth.以······的形式
in good shape 情况良好，处于良好状态，健康状况良好
out of shape 变形的，走样的，(指人)身体不好，不健康
take shape (计划等)成形，具体化
11.shelter n.①庇护，遮蔽，②住处;③收容所，庇护所v. ①掩蔽;②躲避
搭配] shelter sb.from sth，保护某人避开...··take shelter 躲避
12.shock vt.①使震惊; ②使厌恶 n.①剧烈震动②震惊;③休克
[搭配] be shocked at 对··.···感到震惊
[联想] shocking adj;.令人震惊的shocked adj.震惊的
13. show n.①[C]节目; ②[C]演出，歌舞表演;③[C，U]展览，展览会v.(showed，showed/shown) ①给......看出示;②表明，证明;③解说，演示;④带，领;⑤显示出，流露出;⑥上映，演出，展览，陈列
[搭配] show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.把某东西给某人看
show+ that-/wh-clause 表明.....·
show of’ 炫耀，卖弄，显示，使显得漂亮，使夺目，衬托
如l: ...although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth.······尽管有些人可能对此不仅不保密，而日还炫耀他们的财富
show sb.the door 要某人离开，下逐客令
show the way 示范
on show 在展览中，陈列着
14.sight n.①[U]视力，视觉; ②[U]看见; ③[C]景象情景; ④ [U]视野，视力范围
[搭配] at first sight 乍一看，初看时catch sight of 看见，瞥见
in the sight of sb./in sb.s sight 从某人的观点来看，在某人看来
lose sight of 再也见不着，忽略，忘记
out of sight， out of mind 眼不见，心不想
15. situation n.①形势，局面;②状况;③ 职业;④环境特点，地理位置
[搭配] in a...situation 处于....··的环境/情形中
[联想] situated adj.位于，坐落在;处于....··状况
be well/badly situated 境况良好/处境困难
sort /n.①[C]类别，种类; ②[C，usually sing;]某种(或某一类)人
v.①整理，把··...·分类;②妥善处理，安排妥当
[搭配] all sorts of 各种各样的
sort of 有几分，有那么一点
sort out整理，理顺，把··...·安排好
sort...into...把......分类为·.....
17. spot n.①污渍，脏点;②斑点; ③地点，场所;④排名位置 vt.发现，认出
[搭配] spot sb.doing sth。发现某人正在做某事on the spot 当下，当场，在现场
[联想] spotted adj.有斑点的，有花点的be spotted with sth.满是··..··斑点
18. staff n.①全体职工(或雇员); ②拐杖，棍棒
[联想] staff作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词则用单数形式;若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数形式
State n.①情况，状态; ②国家;③州; ④政府
v.①陈述，声明;②规定，公布
[搭配] in a. ..state 处于....··状态
store n.[C] ①商店，店铺;②备用物，贮存物③ 仓库，贮藏所
v. ①贮存，贮藏; ②(在计算机里)存储，记忆
[搭配] in store (for sb。 即将发生(在某人身上); 等待着(某人
strength n.① [U，sing.]力气，力量;②[C]长处，优势;③ [U，sing;]意志力量; ④[U强度，力度; ⑤[U]实力
[搭配] strengths and weaknesses 优点和弱点
build up one's strength 增强体力
[联想] strengthen v.加强，增强，巩固
stress/stres/n.①压力;②紧张;③ 重要性; ④重音，重读
vt. ①重读，用重音读; ②强调
[搭配] lay stress on 强调·.····
under the stress of 迫于......压力
[联想] stressed adj.心力交疼，焦虑不安stressful adj.紧张的，压力重的
24.struggle n.①斗争; ②挣扎脱身 .v.①斗争; ②奋斗;③ 吃力地进行
[搭配] struggle against 同·...··作斗争，与···.··抗争
struggle for 为·....·而斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
success n.①[U]成功，胜利; ②[C]成功的人(或事物)
[联想] successful ad;.达到目的的;获得成功的
successfully adv.顺利地，成功地，圆满地
succeed .成功，做成(+in sth./doing sth.)
Supply n.①[C]供应量;② [U]供应，补给 vt.供应，提供
配]supply sb.with sth.=supply sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
[联想]supplier n.供应者，供货商
support n.支持，拥护 vt.①支持，拥护;②帮助，援助;③ 赞助，资助;④ 支撑;⑤证实，提供依据
[搭配] in support of 支持....··，拥护.....
support sb.in (doing) sth。支持某人(做)某事
[联想] supportive adj.支持的
surprise n①[C]意想不到的事，令人惊奇的事:②[C，U]惊奇，惊讶;③ [U]出奇制胜的策略
vt.使惊奇，使感到意外
[搭配] surprise sb.that-/wh一clause······使某人感到意外
to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地，惊讶地
take sb./sth.by surprise 突袭，出其不意地抓获
[联想] surprised adj.惊奇的，惊讶的，感觉意外的
surprising adj.令人吃惊的，使人惊奇的
surprisingly ado.使人吃惊地
28. sympathy n. ①[ U ,C， usually pl.] 同情 ;②[U，C，usually pl.]支持，赞同
搭配] have/feel sympathy for sb.同情某人/对某人感到同情
in sympathy with 赞同，支持
[联想] sympathetic ad;.有同情心的，表示同情的
1.【2018·新课标卷III】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
【答案】scientist
【解析】根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。
Group 14 (target--truth)
1.target n.①目标，指标; ②目标，对象;图靶子，靶v.①把·....·作为攻击目标;②面向，把.....·对准(某群体)
2.tendency n. 倾向，偏好，趋势
[搭配] tendency to/towards ·...··的倾向
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
3. term n.①词语，术语;②学期
[搭配] in terms of 谈及，就······而言集
如: In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China 在大小和人口方面与中国相比，欧盟有多大
in the long/short term 长/短期内
4. thought n.①想法，看法;②心思，思想; ③思考能力，思维过程;④关心，关怀
[搭配] have second thoughts (经考虑后)改变想法
on second thought(s) 又一想，转念一想
without a second thought 立即，马上，不假思索
[联想] thoughtful adj.①沉思的，深思的，思考的;②体贴的，关切的
thoughtless adj;.粗心大意的，欠考虑的
time n.①[U]时间;②[C](以某种方式经历的)事件，时刻;③[C]次，回 vt①为.·...·安排时间，②测定......所需的时间
[搭配] ahead of time 提前
all the time ①(在某段时间内)一直，始终; ②经常，总是
at a time 依次，逐一，每次
at all times 总是，随时，永远
如: We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.
我们给他带来了一张全家福让他随时携带并保护他的安全。
at no time 决不
at one time 曾经，一度
at times 有时，间或
如: At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town.
我们全家极少去镇上购物，但是当我们去镇上时，Ismail偶尔会和我们一起去。
behind the times (思想、方法等)落伍，过时，陈旧
from time to time 有时，不时，偶尔
如: These days, Roy and I see each other from time to time,but we're no longer close.
最近，我和罗伊偶尔见面，但我们不再那么亲密了。
have a good time 过得愉快，玩得开心
in no time 立刻，马上，一会儿
in time ①迟早，最后;②及时，来得及
on time 按时，准时
once upon a time 从前，以前
如: Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struckthem as a rule.从前，因为书作为一个守则禁锢人们，所以人们讨厌书。
take your time ①从容不迫，慢慢来;②迟到，慢慢腾腾，磨磨蹭蹭
top /n.①[C]顶部，顶端;②盖;③最高的级别 adj.(位置、级别或程度)最高的v.①胜过，优于;②高于，超过(某一数量)
[搭配] at the top of your voice 高声地，扯着喉咙地
from top to bottom 彻底地，从上到下
on top ①在上面，在顶部;②处于领先地位，控制局面; ③另外，加之
如: Who will come out on top，I wonder 我想，谁会得第一呢
on top of sth./sb. ①在.....··上面，在.....上方，覆盖着;②除··..··之外; ③ 紧挨着，与··...·紧靠着; ④控制着，掌握着
touch/tAtJ/n.①[C，usually sing]触摸，触; ②[U]触觉
v.①碰，触摸，②感动，触动;③ 碰到，移动;④接触，触及
[搭配] keep/be in touch with 与··..··保持联系
be out of touch (with sb.) 失去联系;不再了解(某人的)情况
[一言巧辨] It's hard to get in touch with Lily because we haven't been in touch with each other since graduation.与利莉取得联系很难，因为自毕业后我们没有保持联系。
trap n.①陷阱，罗网;②圈套，诡计;③困境，牢笼
v.①使落入险境，使陷入困境;②卡住，夹住; ③使中计，使上当
[搭配] set a trap for 给······设置陷阱
to fall into/avoid the trap of doing sth。掉进/避免掉进陷阱
trap sb.into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做).......的圈套
trick n.①诡计，骗局;②戏法，把戏;③技巧，诀窍
v.欺骗，欺诈
[搭配] play a trick/tricks on sb.戏弄某人
如: If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果邻居们不给糖果，孩子们就可能捉弄他们。
trick sb.into (doing) sth，欺骗某人做某事
trouble .①[C，U]问题，苦恼，困难; ②[U]疾病，疼痛; ③[U]麻烦，打扰;④ [U]困境，险境
v.①使烦恼，使忧虑; ②麻烦，费神; ③折磨，使疼痛
[搭配] trouble sb.with sth.由于某事而麻烦某人
trouble sb.to do sth.麻烦某人做某事
get into trouble 遇到麻烦，陷入困境
in trouble 处于困境中
如: Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 莱亚斯处于困境时找纳尔逊·曼德拉求助。
look for trouble 自找麻烦，自寻烦恼，惹是生非
take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳地做某事，不厌其烦地做某事
trust n.①[U]相信，信任，信赖 vt.相信，信赖
truth /n. (pl. Truths )① the truth[sing.] 事实，真相，实情; ②[U]真实性，真实;③[C]真理
[搭配] in truth(强调真实情况)的确，事实上
to tell (you) the truth 说实话，老实说
[联想] truthful adj;.诚实，坦率，真实的
truthfully adv.诚实地
（2024·江苏省决胜新高考大联考）Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the commodities traded worldwide. As it travelled around the globe through the ancient Maritime Silk Road, porcelain enjoyed great (popular) among royal families and upper classes in Europe.
【答案】popularity
【解析】考查名词。句意：瓷器通过古代海上丝绸之路传遍世界各地，在欧洲皇室和上层阶级中广受欢迎。分析句子可知，此处用名词作宾语，popularity“受欢迎度”，根据句意此处用作不可数名词，故填popularity。
Group15 (value--)
value n.①[C，U] (商品)价值; ②[U]用途，积极作用
vt.①给·....·估价，给··..··定价;②重视，珍视
[搭配] value sb./sth.as sth.把·....·当作·...··，重视
如: Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produced his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75.
如果叶芝在 40 岁时停止写作，他现在可能被当作一个无足轻重的诗人来看待，因为在文学史上没有谁像他样在 50 岁到 75 岁创作出最伟大的作品。
value sb./sth.for sth. 由于......而重视
[联想] valuable adj.贵重的，很有用的invaluable adj.极有用的，极宝贵的
variety n.①[C]品种，变种;②变化，多样化
[搭配] a variety of 各种各样的
[联想] vary v.变化，改变
various adj.各种不同的
varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的variable adj.多变的，易变的
view/vju: /n.①看法，意见，态度;②方法，方式; ③视野，视线; ④景色，风景
v. ①把......视为，以......看待; ②看，观看
[搭配] have sth.in view 心中有··.···目的(或打算等)
in view 在视野中
in view of 考虑到，鉴于
on view 在展出，展览着
view sb./sth.as sth.把......视为......
view sb./sth.with sth.以......的方式看待......
visit n.&v.访问，参观，拜访
[搭配] be on a visit 在访问
pay a visit to 访问，参观
4.voice n.①[C，U]嗓音，说话声; ②[C]意见，心声 vt. 表达，吐露(感情或意见)
[搭配] give voice to sth.表露心声，表白心迹
如: Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to he高考高频名词
Group1 (ability-award)
ability n. ①[sing,]能力; ② [C，可]才能，本领
[搭配] have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力
to the best of one's ability 尽其所能，竭尽全力
beyond one's ability 超出某人的能力
[联想]
2.access /aekses/ n.①通道，入口; ②接近，进入;③使用权接触的机会
[搭配] have access to 有机会使用;有权接触
get/gain access to 进入(某地);见到(某人/物)
如: People have better access to health care than they used to.人们比以往更容易得到医疗服务。
[联想] accessible ad.可接近的，可进入的
inaccessible adj.难接近的;难以到达的;不可得到的
3.accident n.①(交通)事故，不测事件; ② 偶然的事，意外
[搭配] by accident= by chance偶然，意外地(反义短语on purpose)
如: Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park，I met an old neighbour by accident.昨天当我正在公园附近的人行道上闲逛时，偶然遇到了一位从前的邻居。
[联想] accidental adj.意外的，偶然的
accidentally adv.意外地，偶然地
advantage n.① ③ ④ ⑤优点;②优势，有利条件
[搭配] have an advantage over 胜过/优于......
如: ...they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals-they were cheaper.······
跟其他较有名的竞争对手相比，它们的主要优点是便宜。
have the advantage of 有·...··的优点
take advantage of 利用，占··..··的便宜
如: I'm going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of thhe castle.
我要利用这次旅行(的机会)来探索这个城堡的历史。
[联想]
[反] disadvantage n.不利因素
at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
approach n.①靠近;② 通路，路径; ③方法，方式
v. ① (在距离或时间上)靠近，接近，②着手处理，对付
[搭配] approach to... .....·的方式/方法
the approach of.......·-的来临/临近
make an approach to sb.与某人打交道
[联想] approachable adj.可以接近的
atmosphere n.D大气，大气层;@空气;3气氛，氛围
[联想] atmosphere 表示“大气层，空气”，而climate表示气候”; atmosphere表示“氛围，气氛”，climate可表示“风气倾向，思潮”
attempt/a'tempt/n.[C]尝试，企图 .试图，企图
[搭配]attempt/try to do sth.试图做某事(不一定能成功)
at the first attempt 在第一次尝试时
make an attempt to do/at (doing) sth.试图做某事
attention n. 注意，注意力，专心
[搭配] pay attention to 注意，留心
如: People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for expression.
当人们还有很多自已急需表达的观点的时候，他们就不会关注你了。
attract/catch/get one's attention 吸引/引起/得到某人的注意
devote one's attention to...专心于......fix one's attention on集中注意力于.....
[联想]
attentive adj.注意的，留心的attentively adv.专心地
attitude n.态度，意见，看法
[搭配] attitude to/towards...对.....·的态度/看法如: We should develop a good attitude to life.我们应该培养良好的生活态度。
audience n.听众，观众
[联想] audience 是集合名词，作主语时，如果作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数;如果强调各个成员，谓语动词用复数。
11.average n.①平均，平均数; ② 一般水平，普通水平 adj.①平均的; ②普通的
[搭配] above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均水平
如: Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68C above the average.
去年为有记录以来最热的年，全球温度超出平均温度 0.68 摄氏度
on (the/an) average 平均，一般地
award n.[C]奖，奖品，奖状 v. ①授予，奖励; ② 判给，裁定
1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Since June 2017, right before the ___56___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___ (confidence) speaking English. ...They also need to be ready to give ___61___ (interview) in English with international journalists.
2.【2020·山东卷】Historical 44． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
3.【2024届江苏省南通市高三下学期四模】Distinguishable character qualities appropriate for shadow performances are presented through the 25 (adopt) of realistic and abstract approaches.
4.【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】During the Tang dynasty, 12 (advance) were made in the processing of tea.
(2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测) The symbol of this period was the (appear) of lots of sects（流派）of the opera, of which the four most famous were “Mei”, “Shang”, “Cheng”, and “Xun”.
Group 2(balance -business)
balance n.① [U，sing.平衡;②U平衡能力; ③ [C，usually sing.]余额; ④[C]天平,使(在某物上)保持平衡
[搭配] a balanced diet 均衡饮食
keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡the balance of nature 生态平衡
weigh sth.on the balance 用天平称某物
ban/baen/n.[C]禁止，禁令 t.明令禁止，取缔
[搭配] put a ban on sth.禁止某事
ban sb.from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事
be under a ban 被禁止
barrier /n.[C]屏障，障碍(物)，关卡
base/beIs/n.[C] ①基底，底座;②根据，出发点; ③ 基地，总部
vt.以··.···为据点(或总部等)，把(总部等)设在
[搭配] base...on/upon sth.以··.···为基础(或根据)
be based on sth.根据·....·，以.....·为基础
如: Success is based on good effort.成功基于勤奋base sb./sth.in 以······为据点(或总部等)
[联想] basement n。地下室basis n.基础，基准
on the basis of 以.....·为基础
basic adj.基础的，基本的
basically ado.基本上
baseless adj.无依据的
5.benefit n.利益，好处，救济金 。有益于，使受益
[搭配] benefit from/by 得益于，从······中受益
for the benefit of 为···.···的利益
如: China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.中国为了全体公民的利益一直在推进公立医院的改革。
be of benefit to= be beneficial to对......有好外
6.blame n.[U](坏事或错事的)责任 vt. 责备，指责，把......归咎于
[搭配]
blame sb.for sth./blame sth.on sb.把......归咎于某人
lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人
bear/take/accept/get the blame for sth.对某事承担责任
如: I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
是他人的过错造成的后果，我拒绝承担责任。
be to blame (for sth.)(对坏事)负有责任
7.breath n.气息，呼吸
[搭配] catch one's breath 恢复正常呼吸 hold one's breath 屏气 out of breath 上气不接下气
如: If you walked up six flights of stairs, would you be out of breath 向上走六段楼梯后你会上气不接下气吗
take a deep breath 深吸一口气。
如: If you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep breath.如果你不介意的话，我想停下来深吸一口气。
[联想] breathe v.
呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地
8. business n.①生意，买卖; ② 商店，企业;③ 职责; ④重要事情
[搭配]
on business 因公出差out of business 停业，歌业mind your own business 少管闲事
get down to business 着手处理正事，开始认真工作
go about your business 忙自己的事，做通常做的事It's none of your business.不关你的事
1.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.
2.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65 have reported___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing.
Group 3(case-custom)
1.case/ n.①事例，实例;② 病例;③ 调查的案件,诉讼案;④事实，实情;⑤箱，盒
[搭配] in case以防，万一
如: I'll be out for some time.In case anything important happens，call me up immediately.
我出去一会儿，万一有任何重要事情发生，立即给我打电话。
in case of 如果，假使
in no case 决不
in that case 假使那样的话，既然那样
in any case 无论如何
as is often the case 这是常有的事
2.cause/k: z/n.①原因，起因;②理由，动机;③目标，事业 vt.导致，使发生，引起
[搭配] cause sb.to do sth，使某人去做某事
cause sb.sth给某人带来......
cause and effect 因果
3.challenge n.①挑战;②挑战书，(比赛、打斗等的)邀请;③质疑 v. ①对......怀疑(或质疑); ②向··...·挑战;③考查，考验
[搭配]
challenge sb.to sth.向某人挑战某事 accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战
meet a challenge 迎接挑战 face a challenge 面临挑战
[联想] challenging adj. 挑战性的
chance n.① (尤指希望发生的事的)可能性;②机会，时机;②冒险，风险; ④偶然，碰巧，意外
v. ①拿·....·去冒风险，冒险; ②碰巧，偶然发生
[搭配] chance of (doing) sth./chance+ that-clause(做)某事的可能性
如: The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight/slim chance of rain later tonight.
天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜下雨的可能性不大
chance to do sth./chance for sb.to do sth.(某人)做某事的机会
there is a chance that... 有可能......
there's a chance of (sb.s)doing sth.(某人)有可能做某事
the chances are (that). .. 很可能··.....
no chance 不可能
take a chance 冒险
take one's chances 碰运气，准备冒险
by chance 偶然，碰巧
如: An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by chance a long lost antique Greek vase.一位最近乘坐渡船到这个南部岛屿旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失已久的希腊古董花瓶。
5. cheer n.欢呼声，喝彩声 v. ①欢呼，喝彩; ②鼓励
[搭配] cheer up(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来
如: Everyone who saw her, from nurses to famous visitors like Leonardo DiCaprio from the film Titanic, who went to see her in the hospital to cheer her up, all said she was in good spirits.
见过然的每个人，从护士到前往医院探访、给她鼓励的名人，如电影《泰坦尼克号》的主演莱昂纳多·迪卡
普里奥，都说她精神状态良好
[联想] cheerful adj.兴高采烈的;快活的cheerless adj.阴冷的，阴暗的
comfort n.①[I]U ]安慰;U舒适;②[sing.]令人感到安慰的人(或事物) vt.安慰，抚慰
[联想] comfortable adj;.①舒适的;②愉快放松的
comfortably adv. 舒适地，舒服地uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不安的
7. comment n.①议论，评论，解释;② [sing.]，[U]批评，指责 v. 表达意见
[联想](1)comment作名词时，接on/about sth.，表示“对....··的评论”
comment 作动词时，接on/upon sth.或that-clause，表示“评论......
8.commitment/ n.①投入，奉献;②承诺，保证; ③承诺的事/责任
[联想] commit v. 犯(错误、罪行等)，使承担义务，使作出保证
committed adj.尽心尽力的，坚定的
9.company n.①公司，商号，商行;②剧团，演出团; ③IU陪伴，做伴
[搭配] in company with... 与......一起做伴，陪伴keep pany
keep company with sb.与某人交往，与某人结伴
[联想] accompany 陪伴，伴奏
concern n.①担心，忧虑;②关心，关爱 vt.①影响，涉及;②令某人担忧; ③(对.....·)感兴趣
[搭配] as far as ...be concerned 就··..··来说，就··....而论
concern oneself with/about sth，使自己关心某事
[ 联想 ]concerned adj; ①担心的，忧虑的②关切的
be concerned about/for sth.对......担心concerning prep.关于，涉及
condition n.①状况，状态;②pl环境，条件
[搭配] out of condition 健康状况不佳in good condition 处于良好的状态
on condition (that) 在.....·条件下，倘若......on/under no condition 无论如何都不，决不(一言巧辨]
The player is in very good condition, but his living conditions are very bad.这位选手的健康状况非常良好，但生活条件非常糟糕。
[联想]condition 指人或物所处的真实状况;着重于一定原因或条件造成的具体状态
situation 指某一时间各种情况造成的综合起来的“处境、形
state 指人或物所处的状态(此时可与condition换用);还可指思想、情感、心理等状态。
12 . content n. ①[ pl.] 所合之物，内容;② [pl.](书的)目录，目次; ③[sing]主题，主要内容; ④[sing.]含量容量adj. ①满意的，满足的; ②愿意的 vt. 使满足，使满意
[搭配] be content with sth.对....··满意content oneself with sth.满足于某事物，对某事物满意
13. control n.①指挥，管理;②控制能力; ③限制，管制，控制 v.①指挥; ② 限制;③操纵
[搭配] beyond control 无法控制have/keep control of 控制着
lose control of 失去对·.·.··的控制 out of control 无法管理，失去控制
be under control 被控制住，处于控制之下under the control of 受到··..··的管理或控制
14. course n.①课程，讲座;②航向，航线;③行动方式，处理方法; ④一道菜;⑤进展，进程
[搭配] in/over the course of. 在··..··期间/在··.···的过程中
如: In course of space exploration, astronauts have made the journey into space.
在太空探索的过程中，宇航员已经到达了太空
in the course of time 最后，终于，总有一天 of course 自然，当然
custom n.①风俗，习俗;②个人习惯，习性; ③惠顾，光顾
[联想]customer n.(商店的)顾客，主顾
customs n.海关，关税
custom habit， practice 的区别:
(1)custom 指传统风俗、习俗、生活习惯
(2)habit 指个人养成的、不易改掉的习惯，如be in the habit of(有·...··的习惯)，
fall/get into/develop the habit of(养成......的习惯)，get out of the habit of (改掉.....·的习惯)
practice 指个人或人们的“习惯做法，惯例”
1.【2020·新课标II卷】Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
2.【2020·新课标III卷】Filled with 64． (curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.
3.【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】Hunan Cuisine, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, which features the 37 (combine) of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic to create a powerful and intense spicy taste.
Group 4(damage-duty)
1.damage n.①损失，损坏，破坏;②[pl]损害赔偿金 vt.损坏，损伤，使·....·受损失
2 danger n.①危险，(坏事或不快之事发生的)可能性;②危害，威胁
[搭配] in danger 处于危险中
be in danger of 有·...··危险out of danger 脱离危险
[一言巧辨] His life was in danger when facing the dangerous tiger面对危险的老虎，他的生命处于危险之中。
[联想] dangerous adj.危险的，有危险的endanger v.危及，危害
date/ n.日期，约会;年代 vi.过时，不流行 vt.注明日期;确定年代;与(某人)谈恋爱
[搭配] out of date 过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最新的，新式的
date back to/date from 从·····-时就有，追溯到，自......至今
Day n.①一天;②白天; ③[C，usually sing.]工作日; ④ [C，usually pl.]时期，时代
[搭配] all (the) day 整天day after day 日复一日
day by day 一天天，逐日day and night 夜以继日every other day 每隔一天，每两天
one day (将来)有一天;(过去)某一天some day(将来)某一天，总有一天these days 而今，如今
the other day 前几天
to this day 直到如今，甚至现在
4.deal/ n.① [sing.]大量,许多;②协议，交易 v. (dealt,dealt)发牌，非法买卖毒品
[搭配] deal in 经营，买卖
deal with ①处理，应付(在特殊疑问句中，how与deal with连用，而what与do with连用);
②涉及，论及
如: Since then, my family and I have been used by billions of people to deal with information and communicate with each other around the world by the Internet.从那时起，我和我的家族成员就被数以十亿计的人用来处理信息，并通过因特网在世界范围内彼此沟通。
It's a deal! 成交!
a good/great deal of 大量，很多make a deal with sb.与某人做买卖
5. debt n.借款，债务
[搭配] in debt 欠债
如: He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他可不希望因为他的餐馆不再受欢迎而欠债。
be in sb’s debt 受某人的恩惠，感激某人out of debt 不负债
design n.①图样，图案;② 设计，布局;③打算，意图 v.①设计，构思;② 计划，筹划
[搭配] design sth.(for sb./sth.) 设计.....design to do sth。计划做··....
by design 有意地，故意地
desire n.渴望，欲望 渴望，期望
[搭配] a desire for.. 对....··的渴望have a strong desire to do sth迫切想做某事
difference/n.①[C，U]不同(之处)，差别，差异; ② [C]意见分歧，不和
[搭配] make a difference 有作用，有影响make no difference 没有作用，没有关系，没有影响
tell the difference between 区分·...··之间的不同[联想]
differ v.相异，有区别
differ from 与......不同differ in 在·....·方面不同
different adj.不同的，有差异的be different from...与......不同
differently adv.不同地
10.difficultyn. ①[U]困难，艰难; ② [C，usually pl. U]难题，难事，困难，困境
[搭配] have difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth.做某事有困难/在某方面有困难
如: A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.他敦人要听懂格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难
get into difficulty 陷入困境with difficulty 困难地
without difficulty 毫不费力地
[联想] difficult ad;.难的，困难的，艰难的
[同]hard [反]easy
11. direction n.① [C，U]方向，方位; ②[C，U]趋势动向;③[C]方面;④U管理，指导;⑤[C，usually pl.] 用法说明;操作指南
[搭配] in the direction of 朝··..··方向
in all directions = in every direction 四面八方under the direction of... 在·....·的指导下
[联想] direct v.把··.···对准(某方向或某人)，指示，指导导演
adj.径直的，(关系上)直接的，(态度上)直率的
adv.直接，径直
directly adv.直接地 conj.一......就......director n.负责人，指导者，局长，导演，董事
Distance n.①[C，U] 距离，间距; ②远方，远处;
③[C，U]冷淡，疏远
[搭配] at/from a distance 从远处，遥远地in the distance 在远处
如: In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls , which is on the south side of the lake.远处，她们可以看到在湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾起来的雾露。
keep one's distance from sb./sth.与·....-保持距离
[联想]distant adj.远的，遥远的，疏远的
13..doubt n.[U，C]疑惑，不相信，不确定 v.①不信任怀疑; ② 认为.....未必可能，不能肯定
[搭配] beyond (any) doubt 无疑，确实
no doubt 无疑，很可能
there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问.....
如: There is no doubt that he will come.他一定会来的
without doubt 毫无疑问，的确
in doubt 可怀疑的，不确定
[联想] doubtful adj.怀疑的，不确定的
drink n. /n.①[C，U]饮料，一杯，一口(饮料)，一份;② [C，U]酒，酒精饮料
v. (drank，drunk)① 喝，饮;②喝酒，酗酒
[搭配] drink to sb./sth.为····..干杯(或祝酒)drink up (把··..·.·)喝光
drink sb’s health 为某人的健康干杯
have a drink 喝一杯
duty n.①[C，U]①责任，义务; ②税，关税
[搭配] do one's duty 尽某人的责任
on/off duty 值/下班
a sense of duty 责任感
1.【2021.6全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
2.【2024届炎德英才联考湖南省雅礼中学模拟】The show’s emphasis on authenticity and 36 (competitive) ensures an experience that is both immersive and engaging, 37 (reshape) conventional perceptions of music competitions.
3.（2024·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔期中）Over the past decade, more than 4,500 teachers across the country have been awarded at the national level for their professionalism and (devote) to education.
Group 5（effect-eye）
effect n.[C，U]①结果，效应，影响;②效果，印象
[搭配] bring/put sth.into effect 使生效，实施
come into effect 生效，开始实施
take effect 开始起作用，见效
have an effect on...对·...··产生影响
in effect v实际上，事实上; ②有效，在实施中
[联想]effective adj.有效的 affect v.影响
2. effort n.①[C,U] 气力，努力，费力的事;② [C]试图，尽力
[搭配] make an effort to do sth.努力做某事
make every effort 尽一切努力
spare no effort to do sth做某事不遗余力
without effort 毫不费力地
3. energy n.[物]能量;精力，活力
[联想] energetic adj.精力旺盛的，充满活力的energetically adv.充满活力地，精力充沛地
event n.事件，大事;比赛项目
[搭配] in that event 如果是那样的话
in any event 不论怎样，无论如何
in the event of 倘若，万一
5. evidence n. ①证据，证明;②(法庭上的)人证, 物证
[联想] evident adj; 清楚的，显然的
evidently adv.明显地，显然地
如: This explanation evidently conveyed something to the saleswoman who searched shelf after shelf.这种解释显然对女售货员有些启示，她一个货架接着一个货架地寻找。
6.example n.例子，榜样
[搭配] for example/instance 例如
set an example to sb。为某人树立榜样
follow sb.s example 学习某人，效仿某人
take...for example/as an example 以 ......为例
7.exchange n.交换，交流，交易所，兑换 vt.交换，交易，兑换
[搭配] exchange...for..以.....·换·....
exchange...with...和......交换.....
in exchange (for)作为(对······的)交换
make/have an exchange 交换
excuse n. 借口，理由 vt.原谅，为··...·辩解，同意免除
[搭配] excuse sb.for(doing) sth。原谅某人(做了)某事
make excuses for 为了......找借口
make one's excuses 解释为何不能做某事
9. exercise n运动，练习，运用，操练 vt.&vi.锻炼，行使
[搭配] do/take exercise 做运动，锻炼
do morning exercises 做早操
10. expense n.①[U]费用，价钱;②[C，usually sing.]开销，花钱的东西
(搭配] at the expense of sb./sth.在牺牲(或损害)······的情况下
at sb.s expense 由某人付钱
spare no expense 不惜代价
living expenses生活费用/开支
[联想] expensive adj.昂贵的
experience /n. ①[U](由实践得来的)经验，实践; ②C](一次)经历，体验 v.①经历，经受;② 感受，体验
[搭配] be experienced in 在······方面有经验
personal experience 个人经历
[一言辨] The sailor has rich experience and he often tells us his interesting experiences.这位水手有丰富的经验，他经常给我们讲他有趣的经历。
[联想] experienced adj.有经验的inexperienced adj.经验不足的
12.expert n.[C]行家adj.熟练的，内行的
[搭配] be expert at/in/on (doing) sth.在··.···方面很内行,擅长....
eye/aI/n.①[C]眼睛; ②[sing.]视力，眼力
vt.注视，审视
[搭配] have an eye for sth.对·..···有鉴赏力(或识别力、眼力）
in the eyes ofsb./in sb.s eyes 在某人看来，以某人的观点
keep an eye on sb./sth照看，留意
see through one's eyes 从某人的角度看
【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】The oldest 12 (evident) of noodles was from 4,000 years ago in China.
Group 6(face-fun）
1. face n.①脸; ②面部表情;③表面 v.①面向; ② 面临;③ 正视(现实)，承认
[搭配] be faced with 面对·..···
face up to sth.敢于面对，勇于正视
face south 朝南
face to face 面对面
lose face 丢脸，失面子
make a face/faces 做鬼脸，扮怪相
in the face of sth.即使面对(问题、困难等);由于，因为
Fault n.[U]①责任，过错;② [C]缺陷，毛病
[搭配] be one's fault (that) (···.··)是某人的错
at fault 出错; 应受责备
for all its faults 尽管有各种缺点
find fault with 挑剔，吹毛求疵
favour n.①帮助，好事，恩惠; ②赞同，支持
v. ①优惠，特别照顾，偏祖; ②有助于，有利于
[搭配] do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙
in favour (of sb./sth.) 赞同，支持
in sb’s favour 有助于某人，有利于某人
fight n. ①[C]战斗;①[C]打架，打斗; 图[C]争吵 ③[U]斗志，战斗力
v. (fought,fought) ①打仗，作战; ②打架，搏斗; ③极力反对，与·.....作斗争;④ 争辩
[搭配] fight against sb.与某人作战，同某人打架
fight against sth.为反对·....·而斗争
fight for sth.努力争取，为··....而斗争
如: He gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way.他为了自己的信念放弃了优越的生活，用一种和平的方式为争取他的国家摆脱英国的统治而斗争。
fight with sb.(about/over sth.)(就某事)同某人争辩
fight back (against sb./sth.) 还击，奋力抵抗 (·.....)
figure /n. ①[C，often pl]数字; ②人士，人物; ③ 身材;④轮廓，人影;
⑤ 图，表; (绘画或故事中的)人或动物:⑥塑像，雕像 .
v. ①是··...·的部分;②认为;图计算(数量或成本)
[搭配] figure+ that-clause 认为··...
figure+wh-clause认为·......
figure on sth./figure on (sb./sth.) doing sth.计划，打算，预料
figure out理解，弄明白，计算出
如: I couldn't figure out what I had done to annoy my boss.
我不明白自己做了什么惹老板生气。
6.focus/ /n.中心点，焦点，集中(注意力、精力等于)，聚焦(于)
[搭配] focus on/upon 聚焦，集中于
如: In the fifties, concerns focused on monsters and flying saucers.Ours are reproductive.
50 年代人们主要关心的是怪物和飞碟，而当今人们担心的是繁衍生殖。
The focus of attention 关注的焦点
focus one's attention/mind/efforts on/upon 集中注意力/精神努力于某事
foot n.①脚，足;② (常用单数)底部，基础
[搭配] on foot 步行，徒步
on one's feet 站着，站立
at the foot of... 在·....·底部
rise to one's feet 站起来
set foot in/on 进入，访问，参观(某地)
foot by foot 一步一步地
stand on one's own (two) feet 独立自主，自立
force n.①[U]武力，暴力; ②U力量; ③[U] 权力;④部队，武装部队
v.④强迫，迫使;②用力，强行
[搭配] force sb.to do sth，强迫某人做某事
bring sth./come imnto force 开始实施，开始生效
by force 以武力
by force of.. 靠....··的力量
in force 大量，已生效，在实施中
[联想] forceful adj;.有说服力的forced adj;.勉强的
form /n.①形式;② 体形，形状;③类型，种类:④表格;⑤表现状态
vt.& vi.①产生，出现;② 形成;③排列成④组织，建立
[搭配] take the form of 采取······的形式
fill out/in a form 填表
in the form of以 ......的形式
form the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯
[联想]
9.fun /n.[U]①享乐，乐趣; ②嬉戏，玩笑 adj.有趣的使人快乐的
[搭配] for fun 开玩笑地，为了消遣地
make fun of sb./sth.取笑，嘲弄，拿·....·开玩笑:
如：Don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either。不要感到残疾人可怜，或者取笑他们也别不理睬他们。
have fun 尽情地玩吧
[联想] funny adj.好笑的，滑稽的
【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】Crowd 15 (favorite) include “comet”, featuring a long trail of sparks; “peony”, a flower-like burst; and “strobe”, which produces a blinking effect.
Group 7(grade-hurt）
1. grade n.①年级; ②等级; ③成绩等级 vt.给··...·分等级/评分
[联想] degrade v.降低······身份，降解
graduate n.毕业生 ，些业
graduation n.(大学或美国高中的)毕业
Gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的
upgrade v.提高，提升
2.hand n.①[C]手;② [sing]帮助，协助;③体力劳动者; ④[sing,]影响，角色
vt.交，递，给
[搭配] hand sb.sth.= hand sth.to sb.递给某人某物
at sb.'s hands/at the hands of sb.出自某人之手
by hand 手工;由专人递送
hand in hand 手拉手;2密切关联in hand ①在手头;@在控制中
at hand 接近
(at) first hand 第一手，亲自
on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
on the one hand ...on the other (hand). .. 一方面......另一方面···.·
hand sth.back 归还某物
hand sth.in 提交，上交
hand sth.out ①分发某物;②提出，给子
hand sth. over (to sb.) 把(权力或责任)移交给(某人)
hands up 举手
3.handle n.[C]把手 v. ①处理，应付;② 触，拿;③控制，操纵
4.harm/ha: m/n.[U损害，伤害 t,伤害，损害
[搭配] do harm to 伤害，对······有害be harmful to sb./sth.对·.....有害
harmony n.①[U]融洽，和睦; ② [C，U](音乐中的)和声;③[C，U]和谐，协调
[搭配] in harmony with ...与··...·协调/一致:
In this heavenly world, people live in perfect harmony with nature.在这天堂般的世界里，人与自然和谐相处。
out of harmony with... 与......不协调，与·.....不一致
[联想]
harmonious adj.和谐的
heart/ha: t/n.[C]①心，心脏;②心肠，内心; ③[sing.]重点，核心，要点
搭配] at heart 内心里，本质上
At heart, every child wants to grow into a happy , healthy.contributing adult.
每个孩子内心里都想长成一个快乐、健康、有所贡献的成年人。
by heart 单凭记忆，能背诵
sb.s heart is in their mouth 提心吊胆，心提到了嗓子眼儿。
heart and soul 全心全意
lose heart 丧失信心，泄气
lose one's heart (to sb.sth）,爱上(某人/某事物)
put one's heart into sth.全身心做某事，热情地做某事
help/help/ n.①[U]帮助，援助; ②[sing.]有帮助的人(或事物); ③[U]有用
v. ①帮助，援助;②改善状况，促进，促使; ③为(自己/某人)取用
[搭配] help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
with the help of sb./with one's help 在某人的帮助下，多亏了某人的帮助
(be) of...help 有·...··帮助的
如: This time I will introduce Tang poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese.
这次我要向你们介绍唐诗，它对学习汉语有很大帮助。
can't help but do sth.忍不住(或无法抑制)做某事
help sb.out 帮助某人摆脱(困境)
help oneself to 请随便吃、随便拿，擅自拿走
home n.①[C，U]家，住所;②[C，U[家乡，定居地;③[sing.]发源地;④[C]养育院，养老院
adv.到家，向家，在家
[搭配] at home ①在家里;②舒适自在，无拘无束③在本国，在国内
make oneself at home 别拘谨，别拘束
away from home 离开家，(比赛队)在客场
set up home 建立家庭，成家
on one's way home 在某人回家的路上
come home to sb.使人(痛苦地)完全明白
honour (Am honor)n. ①[U[尊敬，尊重; ②[sing.]光荣，荣幸; ③ 荣誉，名誉; ④[C]奖励，荣誉称号
vt. ①尊敬，尊重(某人); ②信守，执行(承诺);③ 给予表扬(或奖励头衔、称号)
[搭配] be/feel honoured (to do sth(做某事)感到荣幸
do sb.an honour/do sb. the honour (of doing sth.) 给··....带来荣誉，赏光
have the honour of sth./of doing sth，得到某殊荣，有幸做某事
in honour of 为向······表示敬意
hope/haup/n.①[C]希望，期望; ②[C，usually sing.]被寄予希望的人(或事物、情况)
v.期望，希望(某事发生);
[搭配] hope to do sth.希望做某事
hope for 希望得到......
in the hope of sth./ in the hope that... 抱着.....·的希望
have high hopes for s.对某人抱很大希望
[联想] hopeful adj;.满怀希望的
hopeless adj.无望的，无能的
host/ n.①[C]主人;②[C]东道主，主办国 (或城市、机构);③[C](电视或广播的)节目主持人
vt.主办，主持(活动)
[联想] hostess n.女主人，女房东
hurry n.匆忙，急忙 v.①赶快，急忙;②迅速处理
[搭配] hurry to do sth.=do sth.hurriedly =do sth.in a hurry 赶快做某事
hurry sb.(into doing sth) 催促某人(做某事)
hurry+ prep./ado.(朝某方向)迅速移动
hurry away 匆匆离开
hurry up (with sth.) 急忙(做某事)
in a hurry 迅速，赶快，仓促，匆忙
hurt n.心灵创伤，委屈 v. (hurt，hurt) ①(使)疼痛受伤;②感到疼痛;v使不快，使烦恼; ④对·.....有不良影响adj.(身体上或感情上)受伤的
【2024届安徽省皖江名校联盟高三下学期二模】Set at an orbit 6 (high) of approximately 500 kilometers, these 7 experimental (experiment) satellites offer advantages such as low latency (延迟) and high data transfer rates 8 compared (compare) with high-orbit satellites which travel at 36,000 kilometers.
Group8 (idea--luck)
1. idea n. ①[C]构思，想法，主意;②[sing]目标，意图;③[U，sing.]印象，概念
[搭配] have no idea 不知道
have an idea 有一个主意
come up with an idea 想到一个主意
一个大致的想法a general/rough idea
influence n.①[C，U]影响，作用; ②[C]有影响力的人(或事物)
vt.影响，对··.···起作用
[搭配] have an influence on 对·..···有影响
under the influence of 在··....·的影响下
[联想] influential adj;.有很大影响的
3 . interest n.①[sing，U]兴趣; ②[U]趣味 ③[C，usually pl.]利益，好处 .使感兴趣
[搭配] have/take an interest in sth.对.....·感兴趣
with interest 有兴趣地
show/express interest in 对·..···表现出/表达出兴趣
places of interest 名胜古迹
[联想] interested adj.感兴趣的(强调人的心理状态
interesting ad.有趣的，有吸引力的(强调事物的性质和特征
4.justice n.①[U]公平，公正;②U司法制度，审判，法律制裁
[搭配] do justice to... 公平对待.....·
bring sb.to justice 将某人绳之以法
Knowledge n.①[U，sing.]知识，学问，学识②[U]知晓，知悉，了解
[搭配] have a good knowledge of 熟知，了解
have no knowledge of 不知道，不了解
without one's knowledge 在某人不知道的情况下
to one's knowledge 据某人所知
lack /n.[U.sing.]短缺，缺乏 v. 没有，缺乏
[搭配] for/through lack of 由于缺乏，因为没有
lack of 缺乏，贾乏，短缺
be lacking in 缺乏......
light n.①[U]光，光线，光亮; ②[C] 电灯 ;B[sing]火柴，打火机，点火器
adj.③ 明亮的;②淡色的，浅色的;③ 轻的，不太重的
v. (lighted，lighted; lit，lit; lighted和lit作谓语时无区别，但lighted可放在名词前作定语，而lit不可以 )①点火，点燃; ②照亮，使明亮
[搭配] in the light of sth.考虑到，鉴于
bring sth.to light 披露，暴露
come to light 为人所知，暴露
throw light on 使(问题等)较容易理解
make light of 轻视，对·....·等闲视之
如: Make light of your apparent dumbness and ask for a repeat.不要在意你显而易见的不理解，你可以请求重复
[联想]
line n.[C] ①线，线条;②台词;③皱纹:④路线，方向，方位;⑤行，列，排; ⑥运输公司，航运公司电话线路 vt.沿··..··形成行(或列、排)
[搭配] hold the line 不挂断电话
be on line 在工作中，在运行中，联机
line up 排成一行，站队，使站成一队，组织，安排
in line 成行，排队
in line with 和··.···相似(或紧密相连)
look n.[C，usually sing]①看，瞧; ② 查找，图样子,相貌; ③[C]眼神，表情，脸色 v. ①看，瞧;② 寻找; ③显得，似乎
[搭配] 参见[高考高频动词短语]
[一言巧辨] They looked sadly at the master，because the master himself looked sad.
他们难过地看着老师，因为老师自己也显得悲伤。
7.luck n.[U] ①幸运，好运; ② 运气，命运
[搭配]
in luck 走运
out of luck 不走运
good luck (with sth.) 祝··..··好运
[联想] lucky adj.幸运的luckily adv. 幸运地
unlucky adj;.不吉利的，不幸的
unluckily adv.不幸地
Group 9 (majority--moment)
1.majority n.大部分，大多数
[搭配] in the majority 占大多数
the majority of ....··的大多数
[联想] major adj.主要的，重要的; minor adj.较小的，次要的; minority n.少数;少数民族
manner n.①[sing.]方式，方法;②[sing.]态度举止; ③[pl.]礼貌，礼仪
[搭配] in a...manner 用......方式
It's good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事有/没有礼貌
mark/ma: k/n.[C]①污渍，污点;②分数;图符号，标记 v.①做记号;②打分
搭配] mark A with B/ark B on A 用B给A做标记/将B标在
be marked with 标有......的记号
below the mark 未达到标准
4.medium n.①手段，方法，②(传播信息的)媒介 adj.D中等的;②中号的
5. memory n.①记忆，回忆;①记忆力
[搭配] in memory of 为纪念......
如: A film will be made in memory of those brave fire fighters.
为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。
escape one's memory 某人一时想不起
[联想] memorize t记住
memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的
6. mention n.[U，C，usually sing.] 提及，说起 v.提到，说到
[搭配]mention doing sth提及做某事
not to mention 更不用说，且不说
as mentioned above 如上所述
don't mention it(别人道谢时回答)不客气
7. mercy n.① [U[仁慈, 宽想; ② [C,usually sing.] 恩惠，幸运
[搭配] at the mercy of sb./sth.任由...... 摆布
have mercy on sb.对......仁慈
show mercy to 对·..···表示同情
[联想] merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的
be merciful to 对......仁慈
Mess n[C ,usually sing.]①杂乱，肮脏; ② 困境，混乱
[配]get into a mess 陷入困境
in a mess 杂乱，陷入闲境
make a mess of sth.使(工作、计划等)一团糟，弄乱.....
[联想] messy adj.凌乱的，不整洁的
message n.①(书面或口头的)消息，信息②电邮信息，(手机)短信息; ③ (书、演讲等的)要旨，教训
[搭配] get the message领悟，理解，明白(别人的暗示）
leave a message to sb.给某人留言
take a message for sb。替某人挡个信儿
mind n.①[C，U]头脑，大脑; ②[C] 心思; ③[C，usually sing]记忆力; ④[C]聪明人，富有才智的人
v.①对(某事)烦恼，苦恼，介意; ②注意，当心; ③照看(人或物)
(搭配] mind (sb doing sth.介意(某人)做某事never mind 不要紧，没关系
change one's mind 改变某人的主意
bear/keep sb./sth.in mind /bear/keep in mind that... 将......记在心中，考虑到·....
make up one's mind 下定决心，做出决定
如: Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定了决心就不会改变主意。
minimum adj.最小的，最低限度的 n.最低限度，最少量
[联想] (反)maximum adj.&n.最大量(的)，最大限度(的)
11 .mistake n.①(言语或行为上的)错误，失误; ② (用词或数字等上的)口误，笔误，错误
vt.(mistook，mistaken)误解，看错
[搭配] by mistake 错误地，无意中
make a mistake 犯错误
mistake sb./sth.for sb./sth。把.....·错当成·.....
[联想] mistaken adj.错误，被误解的
Moment n.①瞬间，片刻;② [C]机遇，时机; ③[sing.]某个时刻，当时
[搭配] at the moment 此刻，目前
at this/that moment 此时/那时
for a moment 一会儿，片刻
for the moment/present 目前，暂时
in a moment 立即，马上
the moment (that). .......就......
Group 10 (name--outside)
name n.①名字，名称; ② [usually sing]名声,名誉; ③名人
vt.①命名，给......取名;②说出......的名字，列举
[搭配] under the name of 以··..··为别名
by the name of 名叫·.....的
name sb./sth.after sb.以......命名·.....
in the name of 以·...··的名义
2.nature n.①[U]大自然，自然界; ② [C,U]天性，本性
[搭配] by nature 天生地
in sb.'s nature 某人本性如此
如: It is not in his nature to be selfish and rude.自私和粗鲁不是他的本性。
[联想] natural adj;.自然的，天生的
3. need /n.①[sing.，U]需要，必须;②[C，U]特别需要,迫切要求 v.需要，必需;
modal v.(表示没有必要或询问是否有必要)需要
[搭配] have (no) need to do sth.必须(不必)做··..·
in need of 需要......
need to do sth，需要做某事
sth. needs doing= sth.needs to be done某事需要被做
there is no need to do sth.没有必要做··....
note/naut/n.[C]①短笺，便条;②笔记记录;③纸币; ④注释，批注
v.①留意，注意;②特别提到，指出
[搭配] take note (of sth) 注意到，将··..··铭记在心
make a note 做笔记
leave a note for sb.给某人留个便条
notice//n.①[U]注意; ①U预告，警告 ;③[C]通知，布告
v.①看(或听)到;①留意，注意
[搭配] come to sb.s notice 引起某人的注意
take no notice of 不注意，不理会
如: I took no notice of the boy playing outside.我没注意到外面玩的那个男孩。
number n.[C] ①数，数字; ②(电话、传真等的)号码;③数额，数量
搭配] in great/large numbers 大量地
in number 在数目上
a number of 许多.·····(后接复数谓语the number of ······的数量(后接单数谓语
[一言巧辨] A number of teachers are present at the meeting today，and the number of them is 300.许多老师今天都出席会议了，他们的人数是 300。
7.object n.①物品，物体;②目标，目的;③宾语 v. 反对
[搭配] object to (doing) sth.反对(做)...... (to为介词)
如: Why do some people object to human cloning 为什么有些人反对克隆人类
[联想] objection n.反对
Objector n.反对者
objective adj.客观的
subjective adi.主观的
offer /n.①主动提议，建议; ②出价; 减价v. ①自愿给予，主动提出; ②提供(东西或机会)，供应
[搭配] offer to do sth. 主动提出要做某事
offer sb. sth.=offer sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
make an offer 开价/报价
8.opimion /n.①[C]意见，看法，想法;②[U](群体的)观点，信仰
[搭配] have a good opinion of sb.对某人评价好
in one's opimion 在某人看来，按照某人的看法
give/express one's opinion on/upon 对·...··发表意见
order /n.①[U]次序，顺序; ②[U]条理:③[U]治安，秩序;④[C]命令，指示; ⑤[C，U]订购，订单;⑥ [C]点菜
v. ①命令，指挥，要求; ②订购;③点(酒菜等)
[搭配] in order(依法)有效的;正常，准备好;妥当，适宜
in order that 为了，以便，目的在于
in order to do sth.目的是，以便，为了
out of order 有毛病，出故障，违反规程的，不合乎(会议或辩论)规则的
如: I'm sorry，but this phone is out of order 很抱歉，但是这部电话出故障了
[联想] orderly adj.整洁的，有秩序的
(反)disorder n。混乱，失调
outline n.①概述，梗概;②略图 vt.①概述; ②显示·....··的轮廓
outside adv.在外面 n。外部 adj.外部的 prep. 在·.....外面
[联想] (反)inside ad.，adj，n.&prep.(在)里面
1.【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三4月押题】The zone will achieve zero-carbon___________(operate) in all aspects.
Group 11 (pace-purpose)
pace n. ①[sing.， U] (移动的)速度，步速;②[sing.，U]发生的速度，步伐，节奏; ③[C](走或跑时)迈出的一步
v. ①来回踱步，走来走去; ②确定速度，调整节奏
[搭配] the pace of life 生活节奏keep pace (with sb./sth.) (与......)并驾齐驱，(与......)步调一致
at a slow pace 缓慢地
2. pack n.①一包，一捆;② 群;图纸包;③ 一副
v.打包，包装
[搭配] pack up收拾行装
pack with 塞满
3.pain n.①[C，U](身体上的)疼痛; ②[C，U]痛苦苦恼，烦恼 .使痛苦，使苦恼
[搭配] take pains to do sth，兢兢业业地做某事
painful adj;.令人痛苦的，艰难的[联想]
painless adj.无痛的，轻松的
painfully adv.令人痛苦地;非常地
4.pair/pea(r)/n.[C] ①一对，一双; ②分两个相连接部分的物体 .使成对，配对
[搭配] a pair of 一对，一双
in pairs 成双的，成对的
5.panic n.惊恐，恐慌 .使惊慌
[搭配]get into a panic 陷入恐情
in panic 惊慌地
part /n.①[U]部分; ②[U]成分，成员; ③[C]份，等份;④[C]角色; 台词
v. ①分别，离开; ②分离，分开
[搭配] for the most part 通常，多半
in part 部分地，在某种程度上
take part (in sth.) 参与某事
play a part/role (in sth.) 参与某事，(在......)发挥作用
如: Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位对方言的产生也有影响。
play a part/role of 扮演······角色
[联想] partly adv. 部分地，一定程度上
part-time ad.部分时间的，兼职的
pity n.①[sing]可惜，遗憾;②U同情，怜悯
[搭配] have/take pity on sb.对某人表示同情(或怜悯)
feel pity for sb.同情某人
out of pity 出于同情
It's a great pity that... 很遗憾.....
place n.[C]①地方，场所;②某处地方(如城镇或建筑物等); ③座位，位置; ④[sing,]地位，身份
v.①放置; ②使(人)处于某位置;③排名次，划分
绪
[搭配] in place 在正确位置，准备妥当;在工作，准备就
in place of 代替，顶替
in the first place 第一，究竟，到底out of place 位置不当，不得体，不适当
如: The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors ,suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks out of place in the garden of a traditional home.这件家具，式样摩登、颜色明亮适合现代房子和花园，但是在传统家庭的花园里看上去不合适
take place 发生，进行
take the place of 代替，替换
9.pleasure n.①[U]愉快，满意;② [C]乐事，快事;③[U]玩乐，休闲
[搭配] for pleasure 为了取乐，作为消遣
take great/no pleasure in (doing) sth.很喜欢/不喜欢(做).....，从......中得到/得不到满足
with pleasure 高兴地，非常乐意
如: Invited to a Naxi home, you should accept with pleasure.如果被邀请去纳西人家做客，你应该高兴地接受。
It's my pleasure./My pleasure.不客气/不用谢。
It's a pleasure to do sth. 很高兴做某事/做某事很荣幸
[联想] pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的，宜人的，友好
pleased adj.愉快的;满足的;感到满意的
10. point n.[C] ①论点，见解;②核心问题，重点; ③尖头，尖端; ④得分，点
v. 指，指向
[搭配] on the point of 正要··.···的时候
to the point 简明恰当，简洁中肯
point out (to sb.)(向某人)指出
如: On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissues such as bone or lung tissue that could be used to save human lives.一方面，有些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎,就能制造出宝贵的人体组织一如骨组织或肺组织一一它们能够用于挽救人类的生命
population/ n.人口;族群
[搭配] with a population of 有.....人口
have a population of 有......人口
如: The Bai ethnic group has a population of around two million。白族的人口约有 200 万
[联想] population 作“人口”讲时是集合名词，有时可与a连用;作主语时用what提问，不用how much; 表示人口多、少时用large和small
12. position /n.①[C]位置，地方; ②[C，U]姿势，姿态;③[C，usually sing;]处境，状况; ④[C]立场，态度;⑤[C，]等级地位;⑥职位，职务 v.使处于，安置
[搭配] be in no position to 不能·.....
13.possession n.①[U]具有，拥有;②[C]私人物品，个人财产(常用复数)
[搭配]
in possession of 拥有，占有(主语通常为人，含主动意)
in the possession of 为......所拥有(主语通常为物，含被动意义)被某人所拥有，某人得到.......
come into sb.'s possession
take/get possession of 占有....··，得到......
[一言巧辨]Does the young man standing there in possession of the company -No.The company is in the possession of his father一是站在那边的年轻人拥有的这家公司吗 一不，这家公司为他父亲所拥有。
[联想] possess vt.拥有，支配
14. post n.①[U]邮政，邮递;②[U[邮件;③ [C]职位，(尤指)要职 vt.①邮②张贴;③ 发布
[搭配] post sb.sth.=post sth.to sb.寄某物给某人
power n.[U] ①控制力，影响力;②政权; ③能力，机会;④ 电力供应; ⑤力量; (身体、心智的)某种能力
[搭配] be in power 执政
come to power 执政，当权
beyond/out of one's power 能力所不及
[联想] powerful adj.强大的，强健的，有影响力的powerfully ado.强有力地，强大地
pressure n.①U压力，挤压;②[C，U]压力，压强; ③U催促，强迫; ④[U](also pressures) 紧张，心理压力
[搭配] put pressure on sb.(to do sth.) 强迫某人(做某事)促使某人(做某事)，劝说某人(做某事)
under pressure (液体或气体)受压力，压缩;被迫;承受着(急于完成某事的)压力
17. price /n.①[C，U] 价格，价钱; ②[sing.]代价 v. ①给··..··定价; ②(在商品上)标价
[搭配] at a price 以高价，付代价
at any price 不惜任何代价，无论如何
beyond price 无价的，极宝贵的，极重要的put a price on sth.(为贵重物)定价
[联想] priceless adj.无价的，极重要的
pride n.①[U，sing;]自豪，得意感; ②[sing]值得自豪的人(或事物); ③[U]自尊，自尊心; ④ 自负，傲慢
[搭配] with pride 自豪地
take (a) pride in sb./sth.为......感到自豪、骄傲
[联想] proud adj.骄傲的，令人自豪的
be proud of sb./sth.为......感到自豪，以......为荣
be/feel proud to do sth. 做某事感到自豪
be proud that...很自豪......
proudly ado.骄傲地，自豪地
print n.①印刷; ②刊登，登载 n.①[U]印刷字体; ②[U]出版界，印刷行业;③[C，usually pl.] 指纹，手印，脚印
[搭配] in print 继续印行;已刊印，已出版
out of print 不再印行，绝版
20. process/n.①工序;②过程 v.①加工，处理;②审核
[搭配] in the process of (doing) sth.在(做)某事的过程中在进行......中
21.profit n.①[C，U]利润，收益;②U利益，好处v.获益，对......有用(或有益)
22. progress n. [U] ①进步，进展;②前进
v. ①进步，改进，进展;②行进
[搭配] in progress 在进行中
make progress 取得进步
progress to sth.接着做(另一件事)
purpose n.①[C] 意图，目的，用途; ②[C]可重要意义;③ [U]意志，决心
[搭配] on purpose 故意，有意地:
如： I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
我故意熬到 11 点半不去睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮
for the purpose of.. 出于......目的，为了......
with the purpose of... 带着.....-的目的，为了......
1.【2022.6新高考1卷】The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _eventually (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
2.【2021.6 浙江卷】In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 (marry) ceremony in 1842. ... 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, is an enthusiastic 9 (support) of this idea. “On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal 10 the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said.
Group 12(quantity--ruins)
quantity/n.①[U]量，数量;②[C，U]数目，数额
[搭配] a small /large quantity of 少量/大量的(作主语时谓语的数与of后的名词保持一致)
quantities of 大量的(作主语时谓语用复数形式)
in quantity/in large (huge) quantities 大量地
如: He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities他去了一座大量出产铁的城市。
question/ n.①[C]问题;② [C]议题，课题:③[U]怀疑，困惑
v.①正式提问; ②怀疑
[搭配] question sb.about/on sth.关于某事讯问某人
in question 讨论中的，不确定，有疑问
out of question 毫无疑问，肯定
out of the question 不可能，不允许
range n.①[C]种，类; ②[C，usually sing.](变动或浮动的)范围，界限; ③ [C，usually sing.]一系列
v.①(在一定的范围内)变化，变动; ②(按一定位置或顺序)排列
[搭配] in/within range (of sth.) 在可及的范围内out of range (of sth.) 超出(·...··的)范围range from...to...在一定的范围内变动range between...and... 在.....·和.....·之间变动
rate n.[C] ①比率，率; ②速度，进度;图费用，价格 v.①估价，评价;②划分等级，分等
[搭配] at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样
at this/that rate 照此情形，如此下去
Reason n.①[C]原因，理由; ②[U[道理，情理v. ①推理，推断; ②思考，理解
[搭配] by reason of因为，由于
for no reason 无缘无故
with/without reason 有/没有道理
[联想] reasonable ad.合乎情理的，合理的，公道的reasonably adv. 公平合理地，通情达理地
record n./ ①记录; ②(尤指体育运动中最高或最图唱片
v. ①记录;②录(音)，录(像);③ 灌(唱片)
[搭配] break the record 打破纪录
hold the record 保持纪录
keep a record (of...) 记载，记下来 (·......)
如: Keep a record of what interests you most. 记下你最感兴趣的事。
set a record 创纪录
7. relief n.①减轻，缓和;②调剂;③ 救济，救援物品;④宽慰
[搭配] to one's relief 使某人感到欣慰的是in/with relief 如释重负，放心地
[联想] relieve v. 减轻，缓解relieved adj.放心的，感到宽慰的
8.repair/ /n.[C，U]修理，修补 v. ①修理，修补;②补救，纠正
[搭配] beyond repair 无法修复
under repair 正在维修中
9.reply n.[C]可回答，答复 v.①回答，答复;②回应，作出反应
[搭配] in reply to 作为对......的答复
10. report n.①报告;②报道;③调查报告v.①报道; ②据说，传闻;③告发，举报;④ 报到
[联想] reporter n.记者;通讯员
reputation n.名声，名誉
[搭配] have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名
earn/win reputation 赢得名声
request /n.①要求，请求; ②要求的事 vt.请求
[搭配] be in request 有需求，大受欢迎
by request 依照要求
at one's request= at the request of sb.应某人之请求
request sb.to do sth。请求某人做某事
a request for sth.对某事的请求
reserve n.①储备(量);②自然保护区vt.①预订; ②保留; ③拥有，保持
联想] reservation n。预订，保留意见reserved adj.矜持的，内向的
respect n.& vt,尊敬，尊重
[搭配] in respect of 就······而言，关于out of respect 出于尊敬
[联想] respectable adj;. 值得尊敬的，体面的
respectful adj.表示敬意的
respective adj;.各自的，分别的
respectively ado.各自，分别，依次为
16. responsibility n.①[C，U]负责，责任;②[U]事故责任
[搭配] take the responsibility for (doing) sth.负起对(做)某事的责任
[联想] responsible adj;.有责任，应受责备
17.result n. ①[C，U]结果，后果; ②[C，usually pl.]成绩，得分
vi.(因·....·)发生，(随···....)产生
[搭配] as a result 结果
as a result of 因为，由于
如: About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking.
20 世纪 90 年代约有 2 100 万人死于吸烟。
result in 导致，造成
result from 起因于
without result 毫无结果，徒劳
18. reward n.①[C，U]奖励，回报; ②[C]悬赏金 vt.给以报酬，奖赏
[联想] rewarding ad;.有益的，报酬高的reward与award的区别:
二者都可用作名词和动词，其区别有
reward 表示因做了某事而得到的“报酬、酬劳”award 多表示正式地或官方地颁发奖品或奖项。
risk n.①[C，U] 危险，风险; ②[C ]危险人物vt.①冒.....·危险; ②使.....·冒风险
[搭配] run/take risks 冒险
risk (doing) sth.冒险(做)·....
at risk 有危险，冒风险
at the risk of doing sth. 冒着.....··的风险
[联想] risky adj.有危险的
22. routine/ru:ti: n/n.①[C，U] 正常顺序，常规;②[C]例程，例行程序; ③ [U]生活乏味，无聊
23. ruin n.①[U] 毁坏，破坏; ②[U]破产;③[sing.]祸根; ④废墟 vt. ①毁坏，破坏，②使破产，毁灭
[搭配] in ruins 毁坏，严重受损，破败不堪
如: In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在司的 15 秒内，一个巨大的城市变为了废墟
bring...to ruin 使.....·毁灭，使.....·没落fall into ruin 灭亡;荒废
rule n.①[C]规则，规章; ②[C，usually sing.]习惯惯常的做法; ③统治，管理
v. ①统治，控制; ②控制，支配; ③ 判决，裁定
[搭配]as a rule 通常，一般说来
break a rule 违反规定
obey/follow/observe the rules 服从/遵循/遵守规则
rule sb./sth.out 把··..··排除在外;认为·....·不适合
1.【2022全国乙卷】“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __largest_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
2.【2024届河北省衡水市部分示范性高中高三下学期三模】She is one of many who regard gua sha as an efficient way to ease muscle pains and 2 (tired). Many shared 3 (they) gua sha experiences and tips, such as using homemade scraping tools and different meridians (经脉) on the body to relax.
Group 13(sail--sympathy)
1 sail n.①[C，U]帆; ②sing.乘船航行
v.①航行; ②驾驶帆船航行; ③起航
[搭配] sail through (sth) 顺利通过(考试等)
set sail 起航，开航
如: The ship set sail and headed for Shanghai.这艘船起航前往上海
[联想]sailor n.水手，海员
2.sale n.①[C，U[销售，出售; ② [pl.] 销售量;③ [C]特价销售，大减价
[搭配] for sale 供出售，待售
on sale出售，上市，减价出售
3. scene/si: n/n.①[C]事件，场面; ②[C]片段，镜头;③ [C]景色，景象; ④[C，usually sing. ](尤指不愉快事件发生的)地点，现场
[搭配] behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后，秘密地，背地里
be/come on the scene 出现，到来
schedule n、①[C，U]日程安排，工作计划;②[C]一览表，明细表vt.安排，为··.·..·安排时间
[搭配] ahead of schedule 提前on schedule 按时，准时
be scheduled for..把·.....安排在·....
be scheduled to do... 预定做·....
5. score n.[C]①(游戏或比赛中的)得分，比分:② 20 个，约 20 个; ③(考试中的)分数，成绩 .(在游戏或比赛中)得分
[搭配]scores of 许多，大量
如: There are scores of modern art styles.现代艺术风格有很多种。
keep (the) score 记分
6.search /n.搜索，搜查 v.①搜索，搜寻，查找; ②搜查，搜身
[搭配]search (sb./sth.)for sth。搜查(某人或某物)以寻找.....
警察如: The police searched the house for the stolen jewelry.搜查了那栋房子，寻找被偷的珠宝
search out 找出，查到，搜寻到
in search of 寻找
7.secret n.①[C]秘密，机密;②[sing.]秘诀，诀窍; ③[C，usually pl]奥妙，奥秘 adj.①秘密的，保密的;②暗中进行的，未公开的
[搭配] in secret 秘密地，暗中
keep a secret 保守秘密
give away a secret 泄露秘密
[联想]secretly adv.秘密地secretary n. 秘书
sense/sens/n.①[C]感觉官能;②[C]感觉，意识;③[sing.]判断力，理解力; ④[C]含义，意义
v.①感觉到，意识到
[搭配] make sense 讲得通，有道理，有意义，是明智的是合乎情理的
make sense of sth.理解，弄懂(不易理解的事物)
There is no sense in (doing) sth.(做)某事是不明智的
[联想] sensible ad.明智的，理智的
senseless adj.失去知觉，不明智的;无意义的
sensitive adj.敏感的，灵敏的，易生气的
shadow n.①[C]影子;@U昏暗处; [sing](坏)影响
[搭配] im/under the shadow of 在······近旁，被(某人的光彩)所掩盖[
析] shadow shade
Shadow “阴影，影子”，指一个平面，与light相对;
shade “背阴，阴凉处”，指一个立体空间，与heat相对
9.shame/ f elm/n.①[sing]令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事 ②[U] 羞耻心，羞愧感; ③[U]羞耻，羞愧
[搭配] to sb’s shame 让某人感到羞耻(羞愧)的是······
put sb./sth.to shame 使相形见细
What a shame! 真可惜(遗憾)!
shape /n.① [C]外形，形状;② [U]情况，状况;③ [U]性质,特点
vt.①使成为··..··形状(或样子),塑造;②影响.....的发展，决定·...··的形成
[搭配] in the shape/form of sth.以······的形式
in good shape 情况良好，处于良好状态，健康状况良好
out of shape 变形的，走样的，(指人)身体不好，不健康
take shape (计划等)成形，具体化
11.shelter n.①庇护，遮蔽，②住处;③收容所，庇护所v. ①掩蔽;②躲避
搭配] shelter sb.from sth，保护某人避开...··take shelter 躲避
12.shock vt.①使震惊; ②使厌恶 n.①剧烈震动②震惊;③休克
[搭配] be shocked at 对··.···感到震惊
[联想] shocking adj;.令人震惊的shocked adj.震惊的
13. show n.①[C]节目; ②[C]演出，歌舞表演;③[C，U]展览，展览会v.(showed，showed/shown) ①给......看出示;②表明，证明;③解说，演示;④带，领;⑤显示出，流露出;⑥上映，演出，展览，陈列
[搭配] show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.把某东西给某人看
show+ that-/wh-clause 表明.....·
show of’ 炫耀，卖弄，显示，使显得漂亮，使夺目，衬托
如l: ...although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth.······尽管有些人可能对此不仅不保密，而日还炫耀他们的财富
show sb.the door 要某人离开，下逐客令
show the way 示范
on show 在展览中，陈列着
14.sight n.①[U]视力，视觉; ②[U]看见; ③[C]景象情景; ④ [U]视野，视力范围
[搭配] at first sight 乍一看，初看时catch sight of 看见，瞥见
in the sight of sb./in sb.s sight 从某人的观点来看，在某人看来
lose sight of 再也见不着，忽略，忘记
out of sight， out of mind 眼不见，心不想
15. situation n.①形势，局面;②状况;③ 职业;④环境特点，地理位置
[搭配] in a...situation 处于....··的环境/情形中
[联想] situated adj.位于，坐落在;处于....··状况
be well/badly situated 境况良好/处境困难
sort /n.①[C]类别，种类; ②[C，usually sing;]某种(或某一类)人
v.①整理，把··...·分类;②妥善处理，安排妥当
[搭配] all sorts of 各种各样的
sort of 有几分，有那么一点
sort out整理，理顺，把··...·安排好
sort...into...把......分类为·.....
17. spot n.①污渍，脏点;②斑点; ③地点，场所;④排名位置 vt.发现，认出
[搭配] spot sb.doing sth。发现某人正在做某事on the spot 当下，当场，在现场
[联想] spotted adj.有斑点的，有花点的be spotted with sth.满是··..··斑点
18. staff n.①全体职工(或雇员); ②拐杖，棍棒
[联想] staff作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词则用单数形式;若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数形式
State n.①情况，状态; ②国家;③州; ④政府
v.①陈述，声明;②规定，公布
[搭配] in a. ..state 处于....··状态
store n.[C] ①商店，店铺;②备用物，贮存物③ 仓库，贮藏所
v. ①贮存，贮藏; ②(在计算机里)存储，记忆
[搭配] in store (for sb。 即将发生(在某人身上); 等待着(某人
strength n.① [U，sing.]力气，力量;②[C]长处，优势;③ [U，sing;]意志力量; ④[U强度，力度; ⑤[U]实力
[搭配] strengths and weaknesses 优点和弱点
build up one's strength 增强体力
[联想] strengthen v.加强，增强，巩固
stress/stres/n.①压力;②紧张;③ 重要性; ④重音，重读
vt. ①重读，用重音读; ②强调
[搭配] lay stress on 强调·.····
under the stress of 迫于......压力
[联想] stressed adj.心力交疼，焦虑不安stressful adj.紧张的，压力重的
24.struggle n.①斗争; ②挣扎脱身 .v.①斗争; ②奋斗;③ 吃力地进行
[搭配] struggle against 同·...··作斗争，与···.··抗争
struggle for 为·....·而斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
success n.①[U]成功，胜利; ②[C]成功的人(或事物)
[联想] successful ad;.达到目的的;获得成功的
successfully adv.顺利地，成功地，圆满地
succeed .成功，做成(+in sth./doing sth.)
Supply n.①[C]供应量;② [U]供应，补给 vt.供应，提供
配]supply sb.with sth.=supply sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
[联想]supplier n.供应者，供货商
support n.支持，拥护 vt.①支持，拥护;②帮助，援助;③ 赞助，资助;④ 支撑;⑤证实，提供依据
[搭配] in support of 支持....··，拥护.....
support sb.in (doing) sth。支持某人(做)某事
[联想] supportive adj.支持的
surprise n①[C]意想不到的事，令人惊奇的事:②[C，U]惊奇，惊讶;③ [U]出奇制胜的策略
vt.使惊奇，使感到意外
[搭配] surprise sb.that-/wh一clause······使某人感到意外
to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地，惊讶地
take sb./sth.by surprise 突袭，出其不意地抓获
[联想] surprised adj.惊奇的，惊讶的，感觉意外的
surprising adj.令人吃惊的，使人惊奇的
surprisingly ado.使人吃惊地
28. sympathy n. ①[ U ,C， usually pl.] 同情 ;②[U，C，usually pl.]支持，赞同
搭配] have/feel sympathy for sb.同情某人/对某人感到同情
in sympathy with 赞同，支持
[联想] sympathetic ad;.有同情心的，表示同情的
1.【2018·新课标卷III】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes
and monkeys.
Group 14 (target--truth)
1.target n.①目标，指标; ②目标，对象;图靶子，靶v.①把·....·作为攻击目标;②面向，把.....·对准(某群体)
2.tendency n. 倾向，偏好，趋势
[搭配] tendency to/towards ·...··的倾向
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
3. term n.①词语，术语;②学期
[搭配] in terms of 谈及，就······而言集
如: In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China 在大小和人口方面与中国相比，欧盟有多大
in the long/short term 长/短期内
4. thought n.①想法，看法;②心思，思想; ③思考能力，思维过程;④关心，关怀
[搭配] have second thoughts (经考虑后)改变想法
on second thought(s) 又一想，转念一想
without a second thought 立即，马上，不假思索
[联想] thoughtful adj.①沉思的，深思的，思考的;②体贴的，关切的
thoughtless adj;.粗心大意的，欠考虑的
time n.①[U]时间;②[C](以某种方式经历的)事件，时刻;③[C]次，回 vt①为.·...·安排时间，②测定......所需的时间
[搭配] ahead of time 提前
all the time ①(在某段时间内)一直，始终; ②经常，总是
at a time 依次，逐一，每次
at all times 总是，随时，永远
如: We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.
我们给他带来了一张全家福让他随时携带并保护他的安全。
at no time 决不
at one time 曾经，一度
at times 有时，间或
如: At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town.
我们全家极少去镇上购物，但是当我们去镇上时，Ismail偶尔会和我们一起去。
behind the times (思想、方法等)落伍，过时，陈旧
from time to time 有时，不时，偶尔
如: These days, Roy and I see each other from time to time,but we're no longer close.
最近，我和罗伊偶尔见面，但我们不再那么亲密了。
have a good time 过得愉快，玩得开心
in no time 立刻，马上，一会儿
in time ①迟早，最后;②及时，来得及
on time 按时，准时
once upon a time 从前，以前
如: Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struckthem as a rule.从前，因为书作为一个守则禁锢人们，所以人们讨厌书。
take your time ①从容不迫，慢慢来;②迟到，慢慢腾腾，磨磨蹭蹭
top /n.①[C]顶部，顶端;②盖;③最高的级别 adj.(位置、级别或程度)最高的v.①胜过，优于;②高于，超过(某一数量)
[搭配] at the top of your voice 高声地，扯着喉咙地
from top to bottom 彻底地，从上到下
on top ①在上面，在顶部;②处于领先地位，控制局面; ③另外，加之
如: Who will come out on top，I wonder 我想，谁会得第一呢
on top of sth./sb. ①在.....··上面，在.....上方，覆盖着;②除··..··之外; ③ 紧挨着，与··...·紧靠着; ④控制着，掌握着
touch/tAtJ/n.①[C，usually sing]触摸，触; ②[U]触觉
v.①碰，触摸，②感动，触动;③ 碰到，移动;④接触，触及
[搭配] keep/be in touch with 与··..··保持联系
be out of touch (with sb.) 失去联系;不再了解(某人的)情况
[一言巧辨] It's hard to get in touch with Lily because we haven't been in touch with each other since graduation.与利莉取得联系很难，因为自毕业后我们没有保持联系。
trap n.①陷阱，罗网;②圈套，诡计;③困境，牢笼
v.①使落入险境，使陷入困境;②卡住，夹住; ③使中计，使上当
[搭配] set a trap for 给······设置陷阱
to fall into/avoid the trap of doing sth。掉进/避免掉进陷阱
trap sb.into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做).......的圈套
trick n.①诡计，骗局;②戏法，把戏;③技巧，诀窍
v.欺骗，欺诈
[搭配] play a trick/tricks on sb.戏弄某人
如: If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果邻居们不给糖果，孩子们就可能捉弄他们。
trick sb.into (doing) sth，欺骗某人做某事
trouble .①[C，U]问题，苦恼，困难; ②[U]疾病，疼痛; ③[U]麻烦，打扰;④ [U]困境，险境
v.①使烦恼，使忧虑; ②麻烦，费神; ③折磨，使疼痛
[搭配] trouble sb.with sth.由于某事而麻烦某人
trouble sb.to do sth.麻烦某人做某事
get into trouble 遇到麻烦，陷入困境
in trouble 处于困境中
如: Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 莱亚斯处于困境时找纳尔逊·曼德拉求助。
look for trouble 自找麻烦，自寻烦恼，惹是生非
take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳地做某事，不厌其烦地做某事
trust n.①[U]相信，信任，信赖 vt.相信，信赖
truth /n. (pl. Truths )① the truth[sing.] 事实，真相，实情; ②[U]真实性，真实;③[C]真理
[搭配] in truth(强调真实情况)的确，事实上
to tell (you) the truth 说实话，老实说
[联想] truthful adj;.诚实，坦率，真实的
truthfully adv.诚实地
（2024·江苏省决胜新高考大联考）Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the commodities traded worldwide. As it travelled around the globe through the ancient Maritime Silk Road, porcelain enjoyed great (popular) among royal families and upper classes in Europe.
Group15 (value--)
value n.①[C，U] (商品)价值; ②[U]用途，积极作用
vt.①给·....·估价，给··..··定价;②重视，珍视
[搭配] value sb./sth.as sth.把·....·当作·...··，重视
如: Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produced his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75.
如果叶芝在 40 岁时停止写作，他现在可能被当作一个无足轻重的诗人来看待，因为在文学史上没有谁像他样在 50 岁到 75 岁创作出最伟大的作品。
value sb./sth.for sth. 由于......而重视
[联想] valuable adj.贵重的，很有用的invaluable adj.极有用的，极宝贵的
variety n.①[C]品种，变种;②变化，多样化
[搭配] a variety of 各种各样的
[联想] vary v.变化，改变
various adj.各种不同的
varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的variable adj.多变的，易变的
view/vju: /n.①看法，意见，态度;②方法，方式; ③视野，视线; ④景色，风景
v. ①把......视为，以......看待; ②看，观看
[搭配] have sth.in view 心中有··.···目的(或打算等)
in view 在视野中
in view of 考虑到，鉴于
on view 在展出，展览着
view sb./sth.as sth.把......视为......
view sb./sth.with sth.以......的方式看待......
visit n.&v.访问，参观，拜访
[搭配] be on a visit 在访问
pay a visit to 访问，参观
4.voice n.①[C，U]嗓音，说话声; ②[C]意见，心声 vt. 表达，吐露(感情或意见)
[搭配] give voice to sth.表露心声，表白心迹
如: Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject. 在讨论的前期，玛丽很沉默，但最后她表达了对这个话题的看法。
make your voice heard (为引起他人注意)发表意见，表达感情
with one voice 异口同声，众口一词
volunteer n.①义务工作者，志愿者;②自告奋勇者，主动做某事的人;③志愿兵
v. ①自愿做，义务做，无偿做; ②当志愿兵
[搭配] volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事，主动做某事
[联想] voluntary adj.①自愿的，主动的;②无偿的，义务性的
waste n. ①[U，sing.]浪费，滥用; ②[U (also wastes[pl.]) 废料，废物，③[pl.] 荒原，荒芜地区
v. ①滥用，浪费; ②白费，糟蹋
adj.①废弃的，无用的;②荒芜的
[搭配] a waste of sth.对·..···的浪费
如: He says that my new car is a waste of money.他说我买新车就是浪费钱。
waste sth.on sth.在某事上浪费......
waste sth.(in) doing sth.浪费....·-做某事
watch n①[C]表，手表;②[U,C] 值班(人)
v.①注视，观察，看;②小心，当心，留意;③(短时间)照看看护，照管
[搭配] watch out (for) ①小心，留神; ②密切注意，留意
如: Watch out for the step here.当心，这里有台阶
watch one's step 当心别摔跤，当心别犯错误
watch over 照管，监督，保护
如: It should also watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house very often.
它还应该照看我那经常到我家来的调皮的侄女。
keep a close watch 密切注视
be under close watch 被严密监视on/off watch 在/不在值班
way n.[C]①方式，方法; ②方面; ③作风，风度; ④街道,路
[C，usually sing]①路，道路，路线;② 门口，出入通道
all the way ①一路上，自始至终;②完全地，无保留地
[搭配]
by the way 顺便提一下，附带问一句
by way of ①路经，经由; ②作为···.··的形式，作为··..··的手段,为了
in a way 在某种程度上，不完全地
in no way 决不
in sb.'s/the way 妨碍，挡着....··的路
如: Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.
更密斯太太觉得很难把杂乱的东西收拾好，因为无论她什么时候试图整理，她的孩子们总是碍手碍脚。
lose your way ①迷失方向，迷路; ②忘记宗旨，背离·...··的意图
make your way 去，前往，到··..··地方去
make way (for sb./sth) 给··...·让路，让出位置
give way (to sb./sth) 让步，退让，屈服
如: Cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of theIntermet and cell phones.电影院逐渐被新兴的互联网和手机所取
no way 没门儿，不可能，决不
on your/its/the way 在路上，即将去(或来)
wealth n.财富，财产
[联想] wealthy ad;.富裕的，富有的
如: He became wealthy through hard work and careful saving他通过辛勤工作和精打细算致富。
10.weight n.①[C，U]重量; ②[C]重物;③[U]影响力重要性;③ [sing.]重担，重任
[搭配] lose weight 减轻体重put on weight 增加体重，长胖
11. whisper n.[C]①低语(声)，耳语(声); ②谣传传言
v.①低语，耳语;②私下说; 图沙沙作响
[搭配] in whispers 低声，耳语whisper sth.to sb。低声告诉某人某事
wonder n.① [U]惊奇，惊讶； ② [C]奇事，奇观奇迹; ③[simg.] 奇才，有特效的东西
v. ①想知道，琢磨，想弄明白;②感到诧异
[搭配] do/work wonders 创造奇迹(it's)
no wonder (that). .. 难怪......
如: With all these attractions , no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.
有这么多吸引人的地方，难怪哪里有迪斯尼乐园，哪里的旅游业就会发展起来。
it's a wonder(that)...令人惊奇的是，莫名其妙的是
13.word n.① [C]词，单词，字;② [sing.]消息，信息; ③[sing]许诺，保证; ④[C]说的话，言语
[搭配] in a word 总之，一句话，简言之
如: In a word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens。
总之，这个计划旨在鼓励学生成为积极的公民
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
keep one's word 守信
如: She said she would be there at seven o'clock, and he thought she would keep her word.她说她 7 点到那儿，他以为她不会食言。
break one's word 失信
word for word(翻译时)逐字地，一字不差地
worry n.①[U]担心，忧虑;② [C]令人担忧的事让人发愁的事
v.①担忧，担心; ②使担心，使担忧
[搭配] worry about 担忧，担心
be worried about 担心
[联想] worrying ad;.令人担忧的，令人发愁的
worried adj.担忧的，发愁的
（2024·江苏省镇江第一中学学情检测）“The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, an expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
Group16 比较生僻的考纲名词:
appetite n.①食欲，胃口; ②强烈欲望
boundary n.[C]边界，分界线，界限
campaign n. ①运动; ②战役
candidate n。候选人，应试者
certificate n.①证明，证明书; ②文凭，合格证书
criterion n.(pl.criteria)标准，准则
deadline n.最后期限，截止日期
departure n.离开，启程，出发
maximun n.(pl.maxima)最大量，最大限度，最高限度
trend n.趋势，倾向，动向(+in/towards)
精选名校模拟题检测
1.（2024·浙江省义乌五校第一次联考）Seal cutting or Zhuanke in Chinese is a comparatively independent traditional art form. It takes Chinese characters as its form of (express), using carving knives instead of the writing brushes, and stone instead of paper.
2.（2024·江苏省南通市如皋市调研（一））Dai suggested prioritizing academic travel for young people, health-focused tourism for the elderly as well as introducing tourism products which meet visitors’ budgets while
