高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 5同步测试
一、单词拼写
1．（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练）If the supply of vitamins and (矿物质) in the diet is inadequate (不充分的), this will result in changes in body chemistry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】minerals
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果饮食中维生素和矿物质的供应不足，这将导致身体化学成分的变化。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 mineral ，与 vitamins 并列，应用复数，作介词宾语，故填 minerals 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
2．（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练）Political decisions and activities affect all (方面) of people's lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】aspects
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：政治决策和政治活动影响着人们生活的方方面面。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 aspect "方面"，此处，名词作宾语，结合空前的all，可知应用复数名词，故填 aspects 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
3．（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练）The path extended into the (深处) of the forest. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】depth
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：小路一直延伸到森林深处。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 depth ，不可数名词，此处作宾语，故填 depth 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
4．Although I soon (使相信) him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
【答案】convinced
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管我很快就让他相信我是无辜的，但我想他仍然严重怀疑我的理智。" 使相信 "应用 convince ，是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填 convinced 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
5．Most of our students (获得) five 'A' grades in their exams.
【答案】attained
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们大多数学生在考试中取得了五个"A"的成绩。" 获得 "应用 attain ，此处是谓语动词，结合句意，事情已经发生，应用一般过去时，故填 attained 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
6．At first glance, (有机的) farming looks much more expensive for the farmers.
【答案】organic
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：乍一看，有机农业对农民来说要贵得多。" 有机的 "应用 organic ，此处形容词修饰名词 farming ，作定语，故填 organic 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
7．She (奉献) her whole life to the cause of female rights to be equal.
【答案】devoted
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：她毕生致力于争取女性平等权利的事业。" 奉献 "应用 devote ，是谓语动词，结合句意应用一般过去时，故填 devoted 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
8．In other words, with hard work any obstacle can be (克服) .
【答案】overcome
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：换句话说，只要努力工作，任何障碍都可以克服。" 克服 "应用 overcome ，是谓语动词，根据句意和空前的 can be ，可知应用被动语态，故填 overcome 。
【点评】考查语态，本题涉及含有情态动词的被动语态。
9．They're making judgments based on a narrowly focused (视野) in the world.
【答案】vision
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们是基于狭隘的世界眼光做出判断的。" 视野 "应用 vision ，此处名词作介词宾语，故填 vision 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
10．The deal is (估价) to be worth around $1.5 million.
【答案】estimated
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：这笔交易估计价值约150万美元。" 估价 "应用 estimate ，此处是谓语动词，根据句意和助动词is，可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 estimated 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
11．The exhibition (包含) 50 oils and watercolours.
【答案】comprises
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：展览包括50幅油画和水彩画。" 包含 "应用 comprise ，此处是谓语动词，陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 The exhibition ，属于第三人称单数，故 comprises 。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数。
12．They learn well but seem to need time to (消化) information.
【答案】digest
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他们学得很好，但似乎需要时间来消化信息。" 消化 "应用 digest ，此处不定式作定语，故填 digest 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作定语。
13．Patients were dying because of an acute (不足) of nurses.
【答案】shortage
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：由于护士严重短缺，病人濒临死亡。" 不足 "，应用 shortage ，此处名词作介词宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 shortage 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
14．The laws have led to a reduction in fuel (消耗) in the US.
【答案】consumption
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这些法律降低了美国的燃料消耗。" 消耗 "应用 consumption ，不可数名词，此处名词作介词宾语，故填 consumption 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
15．The government has taken measures to help people get rid of （贫穷）.
【答案】poverty
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：政府已采取措施帮助人们摆脱贫困。" 贫穷 "应用 poverty ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 poverty 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
二、阅读理解
阅读理解
Although it has been shown in recent years that plants can see, hear and smell, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.
Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by not having enough water or when their stem is cut.
Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be able to hear and respond to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate (推断).
On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.
Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could "open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture", the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.
"The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible (可行的) if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation," says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can't yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not cause sounds. Besides, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea is still based on guesses for now, she says.
16．The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that________.
A．humans can hear water-hungry plants crying clearly
B．plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far away
C．tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurt
D．moths like laying eggs on stressed plants
17．What is Anne Visscher's attitude towards the finding of the experiment
A．Cautious. B．Disappointed. C．Appreciative. D．Optimistic.
18．Taking advantage of the new research finding, farmers can________.
A．harvest crops in time B．reduce greenhouse effects
C．detect and remove insects easily D．identify plant condition faster
19．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B．Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away
C．Plants Scream in the Presence of Stress
D．Cries of Plants Break Farmers' Hearts
【答案】16．C
17．A
18．D
19．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新的研究发现，西红柿和烟草植物在缺水或茎被割时发出人类听不到的频率的叫声。植物甚至可以听到其他植物缺水的声音，并做出相应的反应。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15."当植物的茎被切断后，番茄植株在接下来的一小时里平均发出25种声音，烟草植株平均发出15种声音。可知，番茄受到伤害时比烟发出更多的声音。故选C。
17．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Besides, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea is still based on guesses for now, she says."此外，还没有实验证明飞蛾或其他动物是否能听到植物发出的声音并作出反应，所以目前这个想法仍是基于猜测，她说。可知，Anne Visscher 认为目前的研究只是基于猜测，没有完全被证实。可推断她对此实验的研究结果是谨慎的。故选A。
18．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could ‘open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture', the researchers suggest."这组科学家认为，让农民能够听到缺水植物的声音可能"在精准农业领域开辟一个新的方向"。可知，利用这项新的研究发现，农民可以更快的确定植物状况。故选D。
19．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了植物可以看到，听到，闻到气味，紧接着详细介绍了新的研究发现，植物可以听到声音，作者以番茄和烟草为例，介绍了植物在缺水或茎被切断的情况下发出的叫声频率，植物在受到压力时会发出声音。"植物在压力面前会尖叫"适合做文章的标题。故选C。
三、任务型阅读
（人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新））阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. 20． Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.
Cheese
Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 21． The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter，so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring.
Egg Yolks
Many home cooks think darker egg yolks are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 22． Darker yolks aren't necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the idea that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素).
Salmon
Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon，which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic astaxanthin (虾青素). 23． For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying "Color added through feed".
"People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that，" said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 24． Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of panies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand.
A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.
B. But producers know the difference colors can make.
C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.
D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.
E. Yolk colors vary when chickens live in different climates as well.
F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.
G. Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge flesh colors.
【答案】20．D；21．A；22．C；23．F；24．B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以奶酪、蛋黄、三文鱼肉的颜色为例，说明食物添加剂对食物的作用和社会、经济方面的影响。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
20．根据空前“Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. ”许多公司，包括麦当劳，正在从他们的食物中去除人工色素；以及空后“Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.”，颜色传达了关于食物的重要信息，人工色素的使用是难以禁止的，D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.“但是不要期待你的芝士汉堡看起来会有很大不同。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
21．根据本段的小标题Cheese和空后“The leftover milk was whiter”剩下的牛奶更白了可知，A项中的it指代空前的“annatto(胭脂红)”，off-white与下文的“whiter”对应。A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.“没有它，奶酪就会变成白色。”符合语境，故选A。
22．根据本段的小标题Egg Yolks和空前的“the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. ”这种颜色可能是鸡饲料中的染色产物的结果。可知，鸡饲料的改变可能会导致蛋黄颜色的改变。C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.“改变蛋黄颜色很容易，只要改变母鸡的饮食。”符合语境，故选C。
23．根据空后“For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying 'Color added through feed'. ”例如，在 Costco，养殖鲑鱼的标签上写着“饲料添色”。可知，含色素的三文鱼需要用标签表明含色素这一信息。F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.“如果使用了人工色素，生产商被要求在标签上申报。”符合语境，故选F。
24．根据空前“People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that”以前人们的手指上都是颜色。我们现在有点嘲笑这个；以及空后的“Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. ”因此美国人显然还没有完全准备好，对各种食物中的人工色素说再见。可知，B. But producers know the difference colors can make.“但是生产商知道颜色对食物产生的影响”符合语境，故选B。
四、单词拼写（单句）
25．The two groups of children have quite different (特点).
【答案】characteristics
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这两组孩子有着截然不同的特点。" 特点 "，应用 characteristic ，此处名词作宾语，结合句意应用复数名词，故填 characteristics 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
五、语法填空（语篇）
（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练） 语法填空
Given the fact that chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers can fight crop diseases and increase production, they 26． (be) in wide-spread use since the 1950s. When they were first introduced,many farmers considered them as a great way.However, with time 27． (go) by, they have been proved harmful to the environment and people's health if 28． (use) for a long time. 29． (tackle) this problem, some farmers have switched to organic farming 30． an alternative. And organic food has become 31． favorite for many customers. Farmers who grow organic products rely on it that 32． (nature) means could keep their soil fertile and free of disease. Different organic methods have come up, 33． goal is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health. However, organic farming cannot replace chemical farming 34． (instant) for it's feeding a huge number of people worldwide now. There is still a long way to go before scientists find a suitable 35． (solve) that can serve the high demand for food around the world while protecting the environment.
【答案】26．have been；27．going；28．used；29．To tackle；30．as；31．a；32．natural；33．whose；34．instantly；35．solution
【知识点】说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了化学农药和人工肥料的使用对环境和人类的健康都造成了一定的危害，人们试图利用有机农业代替传统的化学农业，虽然已有了很大的成就，但仍有很长的路要走。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，省略，名词，介词，冠词，形容词，定语从句，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
26．句意：鉴于化学杀虫剂和人工肥料可以对抗作物疾病并增加产量，它们自1950年代以来一直被广泛使用。此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语since the 1950s可知空处应为现在完成时，主语为they，故填have been。
27．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，如果长期使用，它们已被证明对环境和人们的健康有害。time与go之间为主动关系，with time going by意为"随着时间的流逝"，故填going。
28．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，如果长期使用，它们已被证明对环境和人们的健康有害。本句为状语从句的省略，还原为if they are used ,省略了they are。故填used。
29．句意：为了解决这个问题，一些农民已经转向有机农业作为替代方案。此处表示目的，应用不定式表示目的，故填To tackle。
30．句意：为了解决这个问题，一些农民已经转向有机农业作为替代方案。分析句子可知空处表示"作为"，故填as。
31．句意：有机食品已成为许多客户的最爱。favorite在此处表示"特别喜欢"，为名词，且为第一次提到，表泛指，应用不定冠词，故填a。
32．句意：种植有机产品的农民依靠它，自然手段可以保持土壤肥沃和无病。此处形容词作定语修饰名词means，故填natural。
33．句意：出现了不同的有机方法，其目标是种植优质食物，同时避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，故填whose。
34．句意：然而，有机农业不能立即取代化学农业，因为它现在正在养活全世界大量的人。此处作状语，空处应为副词，故填instantly。
35．句意：在科学家找到合适的解决方案，既能满足全球对食物的高需求，又能保护环境，还有很长的路要走。此处名词作动词find的宾语，根据"a"可知，为单数。故填solution。
六、书面表达
36．（人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新））根据下面提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。
坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1
000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。
联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: GreenLeaf@
注意： 词数80左右
【答案】 Have you ever dreamt of eating green vegetables without chemical fertilizer every day Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. It has been equipped with advanced facilities. What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. The rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition; as a result, they are exported into many countries in the world.
If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.
Tel: 66688812
E-mal: Green Leaf@Green
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求根据提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: Green Leaf@Green 。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.运用了祈使句；Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. 运用了过去分词做状语，现在分词作定语； What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. 运用了主语从句，表语从句；If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.运用了条件状语从句，祈使句。
1 / 1高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 5同步测试
一、单词拼写
1．（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练）If the supply of vitamins and (矿物质) in the diet is inadequate (不充分的), this will result in changes in body chemistry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
2．（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练）Political decisions and activities affect all (方面) of people's lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
3．（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练）The path extended into the (深处) of the forest. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
4．Although I soon (使相信) him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
5．Most of our students (获得) five 'A' grades in their exams.
6．At first glance, (有机的) farming looks much more expensive for the farmers.
7．She (奉献) her whole life to the cause of female rights to be equal.
8．In other words, with hard work any obstacle can be (克服) .
9．They're making judgments based on a narrowly focused (视野) in the world.
10．The deal is (估价) to be worth around $1.5 million.
11．The exhibition (包含) 50 oils and watercolours.
12．They learn well but seem to need time to (消化) information.
13．Patients were dying because of an acute (不足) of nurses.
14．The laws have led to a reduction in fuel (消耗) in the US.
15．The government has taken measures to help people get rid of （贫穷）.
二、阅读理解
阅读理解
Although it has been shown in recent years that plants can see, hear and smell, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.
Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by not having enough water or when their stem is cut.
Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be able to hear and respond to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate (推断).
On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.
Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could "open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture", the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.
"The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible (可行的) if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation," says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can't yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not cause sounds. Besides, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea is still based on guesses for now, she says.
16．The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that________.
A．humans can hear water-hungry plants crying clearly
B．plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far away
C．tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurt
D．moths like laying eggs on stressed plants
17．What is Anne Visscher's attitude towards the finding of the experiment
A．Cautious. B．Disappointed. C．Appreciative. D．Optimistic.
18．Taking advantage of the new research finding, farmers can________.
A．harvest crops in time B．reduce greenhouse effects
C．detect and remove insects easily D．identify plant condition faster
19．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B．Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away
C．Plants Scream in the Presence of Stress
D．Cries of Plants Break Farmers' Hearts
三、任务型阅读
（人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新））阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. 20． Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.
Cheese
Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 21． The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter，so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring.
Egg Yolks
Many home cooks think darker egg yolks are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 22． Darker yolks aren't necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the idea that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素).
Salmon
Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon，which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic astaxanthin (虾青素). 23． For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying "Color added through feed".
"People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that，" said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 24． Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of panies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand.
A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.
B. But producers know the difference colors can make.
C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.
D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.
E. Yolk colors vary when chickens live in different climates as well.
F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.
G. Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge flesh colors.
四、单词拼写（单句）
25．The two groups of children have quite different (特点).
五、语法填空（语篇）
（人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language课堂基础练） 语法填空
Given the fact that chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers can fight crop diseases and increase production, they 26． (be) in wide-spread use since the 1950s. When they were first introduced,many farmers considered them as a great way.However, with time 27． (go) by, they have been proved harmful to the environment and people's health if 28． (use) for a long time. 29． (tackle) this problem, some farmers have switched to organic farming 30． an alternative. And organic food has become 31． favorite for many customers. Farmers who grow organic products rely on it that 32． (nature) means could keep their soil fertile and free of disease. Different organic methods have come up, 33． goal is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health. However, organic farming cannot replace chemical farming 34． (instant) for it's feeding a huge number of people worldwide now. There is still a long way to go before scientists find a suitable 35． (solve) that can serve the high demand for food around the world while protecting the environment.
六、书面表达
36．（人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新））根据下面提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。
坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1
000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。
联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: GreenLeaf@
注意： 词数80左右
答案解析部分
1．【答案】minerals
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果饮食中维生素和矿物质的供应不足，这将导致身体化学成分的变化。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 mineral ，与 vitamins 并列，应用复数，作介词宾语，故填 minerals 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
2．【答案】aspects
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：政治决策和政治活动影响着人们生活的方方面面。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 aspect "方面"，此处，名词作宾语，结合空前的all，可知应用复数名词，故填 aspects 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
3．【答案】depth
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：小路一直延伸到森林深处。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 depth ，不可数名词，此处作宾语，故填 depth 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
4．【答案】convinced
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管我很快就让他相信我是无辜的，但我想他仍然严重怀疑我的理智。" 使相信 "应用 convince ，是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填 convinced 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
5．【答案】attained
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们大多数学生在考试中取得了五个"A"的成绩。" 获得 "应用 attain ，此处是谓语动词，结合句意，事情已经发生，应用一般过去时，故填 attained 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
6．【答案】organic
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：乍一看，有机农业对农民来说要贵得多。" 有机的 "应用 organic ，此处形容词修饰名词 farming ，作定语，故填 organic 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
7．【答案】devoted
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：她毕生致力于争取女性平等权利的事业。" 奉献 "应用 devote ，是谓语动词，结合句意应用一般过去时，故填 devoted 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
8．【答案】overcome
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：换句话说，只要努力工作，任何障碍都可以克服。" 克服 "应用 overcome ，是谓语动词，根据句意和空前的 can be ，可知应用被动语态，故填 overcome 。
【点评】考查语态，本题涉及含有情态动词的被动语态。
9．【答案】vision
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们是基于狭隘的世界眼光做出判断的。" 视野 "应用 vision ，此处名词作介词宾语，故填 vision 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
10．【答案】estimated
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：这笔交易估计价值约150万美元。" 估价 "应用 estimate ，此处是谓语动词，根据句意和助动词is，可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 estimated 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
11．【答案】comprises
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：展览包括50幅油画和水彩画。" 包含 "应用 comprise ，此处是谓语动词，陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 The exhibition ，属于第三人称单数，故 comprises 。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数。
12．【答案】digest
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他们学得很好，但似乎需要时间来消化信息。" 消化 "应用 digest ，此处不定式作定语，故填 digest 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作定语。
13．【答案】shortage
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：由于护士严重短缺，病人濒临死亡。" 不足 "，应用 shortage ，此处名词作介词宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 shortage 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
14．【答案】consumption
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这些法律降低了美国的燃料消耗。" 消耗 "应用 consumption ，不可数名词，此处名词作介词宾语，故填 consumption 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
15．【答案】poverty
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：政府已采取措施帮助人们摆脱贫困。" 贫穷 "应用 poverty ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 poverty 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
【答案】16．C
17．A
18．D
19．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新的研究发现，西红柿和烟草植物在缺水或茎被割时发出人类听不到的频率的叫声。植物甚至可以听到其他植物缺水的声音，并做出相应的反应。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15."当植物的茎被切断后，番茄植株在接下来的一小时里平均发出25种声音，烟草植株平均发出15种声音。可知，番茄受到伤害时比烟发出更多的声音。故选C。
17．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Besides, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea is still based on guesses for now, she says."此外，还没有实验证明飞蛾或其他动物是否能听到植物发出的声音并作出反应，所以目前这个想法仍是基于猜测，她说。可知，Anne Visscher 认为目前的研究只是基于猜测，没有完全被证实。可推断她对此实验的研究结果是谨慎的。故选A。
18．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could ‘open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture', the researchers suggest."这组科学家认为，让农民能够听到缺水植物的声音可能"在精准农业领域开辟一个新的方向"。可知，利用这项新的研究发现，农民可以更快的确定植物状况。故选D。
19．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了植物可以看到，听到，闻到气味，紧接着详细介绍了新的研究发现，植物可以听到声音，作者以番茄和烟草为例，介绍了植物在缺水或茎被切断的情况下发出的叫声频率，植物在受到压力时会发出声音。"植物在压力面前会尖叫"适合做文章的标题。故选C。
【答案】20．D；21．A；22．C；23．F；24．B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以奶酪、蛋黄、三文鱼肉的颜色为例，说明食物添加剂对食物的作用和社会、经济方面的影响。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
20．根据空前“Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. ”许多公司，包括麦当劳，正在从他们的食物中去除人工色素；以及空后“Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.”，颜色传达了关于食物的重要信息，人工色素的使用是难以禁止的，D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.“但是不要期待你的芝士汉堡看起来会有很大不同。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
21．根据本段的小标题Cheese和空后“The leftover milk was whiter”剩下的牛奶更白了可知，A项中的it指代空前的“annatto(胭脂红)”，off-white与下文的“whiter”对应。A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.“没有它，奶酪就会变成白色。”符合语境，故选A。
22．根据本段的小标题Egg Yolks和空前的“the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. ”这种颜色可能是鸡饲料中的染色产物的结果。可知，鸡饲料的改变可能会导致蛋黄颜色的改变。C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.“改变蛋黄颜色很容易，只要改变母鸡的饮食。”符合语境，故选C。
23．根据空后“For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying 'Color added through feed'. ”例如，在 Costco，养殖鲑鱼的标签上写着“饲料添色”。可知，含色素的三文鱼需要用标签表明含色素这一信息。F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.“如果使用了人工色素，生产商被要求在标签上申报。”符合语境，故选F。
24．根据空前“People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that”以前人们的手指上都是颜色。我们现在有点嘲笑这个；以及空后的“Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. ”因此美国人显然还没有完全准备好，对各种食物中的人工色素说再见。可知，B. But producers know the difference colors can make.“但是生产商知道颜色对食物产生的影响”符合语境，故选B。
25．【答案】characteristics
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这两组孩子有着截然不同的特点。" 特点 "，应用 characteristic ，此处名词作宾语，结合句意应用复数名词，故填 characteristics 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
【答案】26．have been；27．going；28．used；29．To tackle；30．as；31．a；32．natural；33．whose；34．instantly；35．solution
【知识点】说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了化学农药和人工肥料的使用对环境和人类的健康都造成了一定的危害，人们试图利用有机农业代替传统的化学农业，虽然已有了很大的成就，但仍有很长的路要走。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，省略，名词，介词，冠词，形容词，定语从句，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
26．句意：鉴于化学杀虫剂和人工肥料可以对抗作物疾病并增加产量，它们自1950年代以来一直被广泛使用。此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语since the 1950s可知空处应为现在完成时，主语为they，故填have been。
27．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，如果长期使用，它们已被证明对环境和人们的健康有害。time与go之间为主动关系，with time going by意为"随着时间的流逝"，故填going。
28．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，如果长期使用，它们已被证明对环境和人们的健康有害。本句为状语从句的省略，还原为if they are used ,省略了they are。故填used。
29．句意：为了解决这个问题，一些农民已经转向有机农业作为替代方案。此处表示目的，应用不定式表示目的，故填To tackle。
30．句意：为了解决这个问题，一些农民已经转向有机农业作为替代方案。分析句子可知空处表示"作为"，故填as。
31．句意：有机食品已成为许多客户的最爱。favorite在此处表示"特别喜欢"，为名词，且为第一次提到，表泛指，应用不定冠词，故填a。
32．句意：种植有机产品的农民依靠它，自然手段可以保持土壤肥沃和无病。此处形容词作定语修饰名词means，故填natural。
33．句意：出现了不同的有机方法，其目标是种植优质食物，同时避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，故填whose。
34．句意：然而，有机农业不能立即取代化学农业，因为它现在正在养活全世界大量的人。此处作状语，空处应为副词，故填instantly。
35．句意：在科学家找到合适的解决方案，既能满足全球对食物的高需求，又能保护环境，还有很长的路要走。此处名词作动词find的宾语，根据"a"可知，为单数。故填solution。
36．【答案】 Have you ever dreamt of eating green vegetables without chemical fertilizer every day Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. It has been equipped with advanced facilities. What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. The rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition; as a result, they are exported into many countries in the world.
If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.
Tel: 66688812
E-mal: Green Leaf@Green
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求根据提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: Green Leaf@Green 。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.运用了祈使句；Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. 运用了过去分词做状语，现在分词作定语； What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. 运用了主语从句，表语从句；If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.运用了条件状语从句，祈使句。
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