2024届中考英语复习宾语从句课件(共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
中考英语复习
宾语从句
知识梳理
01
宾语从句
1.概念：什么是宾语从句？(略)
2.宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句：
概念：在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句由“关联词+主语+谓语”构成。
引导宾语从句的关联词有that, if, whether, what, who, where, why和how等。
宾语从句“三要素”
宾语从句
关联词
语序
时态
宾语从句
a. Could you tell me who he is waiting for
b. Our teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
c. I don’t know if he will come tonight.
d. I am thinking about what he said.
e. I wonder if\whether he will come.
观察下列句子，请圈出宾语从句的引导词。
宾语从句有三类引导词。
1.由 that 引导的宾语从句，无意义，可省略。如a.句。
2. 由whether(or not), if 引导的宾语从句，翻译为“是否” ，不可省略。if/whether可互换, 但whether…or not为固定搭配. 如c. e.句。
宾语从句
宾语从句有三类引导词。
1.由 that 引导的宾语从句，无意义，可省略。如a.句。
2. 由whether(or not), if 引导的宾语从句，翻译为“是否” ，不可省略。if/whether可互换, 但whether…or not为固定搭配. 如c. e.句。
3. 引导词除了可以用that, whether , if , 还可以用where，how， when，who 等 ____________.
特殊疑问词
知识拓展：把下列直接引语变成间接引语
1. He says, “Tom is a good student ”.
2. She tells me, “I don’t like sports ”.
3. “Can you finish it by yourself ” he asks.
4. ”Who is he ” Do you know
5. “Can you finish it by yourself ” he asks.
6. “Where does he come from ” he asks.
He says _________________________.
She tells me _________________________.
He asks _________________________________.
Do you know __________
He asks __________________________________.
He asks ___________________.
(that) Tom is a good student
(that) she doesn’t like sports
if / whether you can finish it by yourself
who he is
if / whether you can finish it by yourself
where he comes from
请快速说出下列宾语从句的关联词
1.I think that mooncakes are delicious.
2.He says that Tom is a good student.
由 ____引导的宾语从句。that在句中不充当成份也没有词意，所以常省略。而且它是由_________句而转化来的。
that
that
that
陈述
请快速说出下列宾语从句的关联词
1. I don’t know whether I should take his advice.
2. He wants to know if you are a doctor.
whether
if
由 if/whether 引导的宾语从句，引导词具实际意义，不能省略。它是由_____疑问句转化而来的表示______(确定/不确定）的语气,翻译为_____.
不确定
是否
一般
请快速说出下列宾语从句的关联词
Can you tell me who she is
Do you know when the bookstore closes today
Could you please tell me where the restroom are
Can you tell me how I can get to the library
who
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中做成分，也有意义。它是由______疑问句转化而来的。
特殊
when
where
how
请总结出下列宾语从句的语序
tips
疑问句语序
陈述句语序
Where are you going
Where you are going
宾语从句一律用____________, 即“关联词+ _____+_____+其他”。
Could you tell me where you are going
陈述句语序
主语
谓语
请快总结出下列宾语从句的时态
1. I know Jack is a hard-working student.
2. I know he will take the exam.
3. Linda didn’t say if her aunt was still with them.
宾语从句的时态一般受主句时态的影响。当主句是_____________或一般将来时，宾语从句可以根据具体情况用适当的时态；当主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的___________。
一般现在时
过去时态
请快速总结出下列宾语从句的时态
4. Dad told me that the sun rises in the east.
5. Bob told his son that leaves turn yellow in autumn.
当从句表示的是名言、客观真理或自然现象等时，一般_____ (不受/ 受)主句时态的限制，均用一般现在时。
不受
1. I know that the Water Festival is really fun.
2. I wonder if they’ll have the races again next year.
3. I wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong.
4. I believe that April is the hottest month in Thailand.
5. Most people think that the story of Cheng’e is the most touching.
6. He found that the moon was so bright and round.
7. How he wished that Cheng’e could come back!
that,if,whether引导的宾语从句
从句原形 关联词 例句
陈述句 that（在口语或非正式文体中常省略） I think (that) Halloween is a fun festival.
Mary thinks (that) the teams were just fantastic.
Many think (that) sharks are too strong to be endangered.
从句原形 关联词 例句
一般疑问句 whether, if（在口语中常用if） I wonder if/whether they’ll have the races again next year.
Ben wonders if/whether April is a good time to visit Thailand.
从句原形 关联词 例句
特殊疑问句 who, what, which, when, where, how, why Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
Do you know when the bookstore closes today
I asked Candy how life was different after she became famous.
Can you tell me who she is
宾语从句
3.宾语从句的时态
观察下列句子，根据句意用所给动词的适当时态填空。
I hear (that)
Jim______( be ) a worker two years ago.
Jim ____( be ) an English teacher now .
Jim_________( cook ) dinner tomorrow .
Jim _________( sing )a popular song now.
Jim _________( be ) to the Great Wall twice .
Jim __________( play ) basketball when his father came back.
was
is
will cook
is singing
has been
was playing
发现：当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。
需要性原则
主现从不限
宾语从句
3.宾语从句的时态
1) He will go to Hong Kong .
2) He is sick.
3) He is reading a book .
4) He has finished his work.
He said
He _________ to Hong Kong .
he _____ sick.
he ___________a book .
He ___________ his work.
将下列句子放在宾语从句的位置，用动词的适当时态填空。
would go
was
was reading
had finished
发现：当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
呼应性原则
主过从也过
宾语从句
3.宾语从句的时态
注意:当宾语从句表达的是客观事实(真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等)的时候,其时态不受主句的影响,仍是用一般现在时态。
观察下列句子，根据句意用所给动词的适当时态填空。
真理永现在
Lisa said light _______ (travel) faster than sound.
He said time ____ (be) money.
The teacher told the students that practice ______ (make) perfect.
My mother told me (that)the earth______ (go)around the sun.
is
makes
travels
goes
Could you tell me where he_______ (live)
Would you please tell me where the bank____ (be)
could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用
不同时态。
lives
is
could 表示委婉语气
宾语从句
4.宾语从句的语序
观察与发现:
When did he leave for Japan Could you tell me
Could you tell me when he left for Japan
陈述语序
Where can I buy some medicine
Do you know...
Do you know where I can buy some medicine
陈述语序
When does the band start playing this evening Could you tell me
Could you tell me when the band starts playing this evening
陈述语序
一般疑问句语序
一般疑问句语序
一般疑问句语序
发现：在特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中,特殊疑问词后面用_____________.
陈述句语序
含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换
(1)若主句的主语和从句的主语一致，可以将疑问词引导的宾语从句转化为“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构。
I don’t know what I should do next.
= what to do
(2)若主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，可以将that引导的宾语从句转化为动词不定式结构。
She hopes that she can get good grades.
= to get
(3)若主句的谓语动词是see, hear, watch, notice等时，其后由that引导的宾语从句可以转化为“宾语+宾语补足语(动词原形/动词-ing形式)”。
I heard that two girls were singing in the next room.
= two girls singing
1. 疑问词：
疑问代词(what、whom、who、whose、which)
疑问副词(when、where、why、how)。
由疑问词引导的宾语从句
2.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句, 也无论主从句间是什么引导词, 宾语从句一律用陈述语序, 即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。
eg：Could you tell me where the bank is
3.时态 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时, 宾语从句的时态不受限制, 可根据
实际表达的需要来确定。
eg：Jenny knows that her father was working at this time last night.
珍妮知道她父亲那个时候正在工作。
4. 如果主句是一般过去时, 宾语从句用过去时态的某种形式。
eg：Jenny knew that her father was working at this time last night.
珍妮知道她父亲那个时候正在工作。
5. 如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等，从句不受主句时态的限制，用一般现在时。
eg： He said time is money.
他说时间就是金钱。
Yesterday, my brother tole me that the earth goes round the sun.
昨天我哥哥告诉我地球绕着太阳转。
模拟练习
02
1. He asked ________ for the computer.
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
2. He asked me _______.
A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film
C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film
D
D
模拟链接:
3. She asked me ______.
A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you
B. whether I had already got well
C. have I already got well
D. had I already got well.
B
4. He asked _______.
A. how am I getting along with my new friends
B. how are you getting along with my new friends
C. how I was getting along with my new friends
D. how was I getting along with my new friends
C
5. He asked me _____ told me the accident.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
6. She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was
C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
C
B
巩固练习
将下列句子合并为一句：
1. “ I am doing my homework.” He said.
2. “Is he doing his homework ” Jim asked.
3. “When will he come back ” Tom asked.
4. “How can I get to the station ” Could you tell me
5. “Why is the train late ” Would you tell me
6. “Where is Tom ” They asked.
He said that he was doing his homework.
Jim asked if he was doing his homework.
Tom asked when he would come back.
Could you tell me how I can get to the station
Would you tell me why the train is late
They asked where Tom was.
疑问词+不定式
宾语从句与动词不定式转化
I don’t know what I should do next.
=I don’t know what ____ ____ next.
2.I wonder when we shall leave for Nanjing.
=I wonder ______ ______ _____ for Nanjing.
3. I don’t know how I can deal with the problem.
=I don’t know _____ _____ ____ with the problem.
4. He has no idea if he should join the club.
=He has no idea _________ _____ _____ the club.
to do
when to leave
how to deal
weather to join
5. I haven’t decided where I will go = I haven’t decided __________.
6. He asked me what I bought = He asked me __________.
where to go
what to buy
thanks