江苏省常州市天宁区常州市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题（含解析）
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常州市第一中学2023-2024学年第二学期六月阶段质量调研
高二年级英语试卷
本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Buccleuch Place/ Buccleuch Place Lane
Overview
Buccleuch Place/Buccleuch Place Lane, 1-6&; 7-13, Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh, EH89LW
Buccleuch Place provides a mix of standard study bedrooms within flats, each with shared kitchen/living spaces and bathroom facilities.
Standard single en-suite room
Standard room with en-suite bathroom 10, 377 per year
BATHROOM: En-suite
CATERING: Self-catered property
BILLS: All utility（bills included- there is an average allowance of electricity but overuse can result in additional charges.
Twin room
Twin room with shared bathroom facilities 5, 215 per year
BATHROOM: Shared
CATERING: Self-catered property
BILLS: All utility bills included -there is an average allowance of electricity but overuse can result in additional charges.
Standard single room
Standard single room with shared bathroom facilities 8, 651 per year
BATHROOM: Shared
CATERING: Self-catered property
BILLS: All utility bills included -there is an average allowance of electricity but overuse can result in additional charges.
Cleaning and housekeeping
Staff on site will regularly clean the laundry, common room, common room toilets, stairs and lifts.
Staff will visit your flat weekly and assist you in keeping common areas clean (kitchens, any shared bathrooms and hallways). However, residents should also clean between visits.
Residents should clear rubbish and remove al recycling to the designated areas: you are also responsible for keeping your own bedrooms and en-suite bathrooms clean.
Please note that al our accommodation is non-smoking, this includes e-cigarettes.
21．Which of the following might be true about a standard single en-suite room
A．It is the cheapest choice. B．It provides a private bathroom.
C．Food is included in the bill. D．Residents do not need to pay any bills.
22．A resident in the Buccleuch Place ________.
A．can have e-cigarettes in his room. B．only needs to clean his own bedroom.
C．has staff visits on a daily basis. D．should remove recycling to specific areas.
23．Which of the following section could this passage be possibly found
A．Accommodation. B．Jobs.
C．Finance. D．Courses.
B
“It's not unusual for guests to feel emotional when they discover the story behind our food,” says Patrick Navis. “Not to mention when they taste it. One even cried with happiness.” The setting for these tearful scenes Navis's restaurant in a Dutch city. Here, the owner and his team create experimental food using herbs, roots, flowers and nuts—some common, others less so.
Most of these ingredients(食材) come from the Ketelbroek Food Forest nearby. To the untrained eye, it's like an ordinary wood. But there's one key difference: everything in it is edible. It was set up in 2009 by Dutch botanist and environmentalist Noah Eck as an experiment in slow farming, to see what would happen if the right combination of food plants were left to grow together like a natural forest, without chemicals.
“It's the first ‘food forest’ of its kind in Europe and we’re one of the few restaurants around the world cooperating in this way,”says Navis.“We have over 400 different species of edible plants we plan our menus around, including some we previously knew little about." He harvests the ingredients and, with his fellow chefs, works them into beautifully presented tasting menus, served in a dining room hidden in the backstreets of the city,
“To us, fine dining is not about the fame of a restaurant, its location, expensive decoration, fancy cooking and wine list,”says Navis.“It's about adding value through creativity and using ingredients nobody knows of, which are grown with great attention.”However, he adds, luxury cooking can be about enhancing everyday ingredients, too.
“When looking at cooking in this way, who can argue that caviar(鱼子酱 ), for example, is more valuable than a carrot grown with specialist knowledge ”
Experimentation is extremely important to Navis. In the next five years, he hopes to open an outdoor restaurant. But for now, the most important thing is to continue focusing on how plants are being grown and the perennial system used in the Food Forest, reducing the need for replanting each season.
24. What can we learn about Navis's restaurant
A. It is well received by its guests.
B. It serves food with moving stories.
C. It offers experimental food for free.
D. It is known for its rare food sources.
25. How is Ketelbrock Food Forest different from ordinary woods
A. It is a natural forest.
B. Diverse plants coexist in it.
C. Plants there take longer to grow.
D. It provides safe food ingredients.
26. What is the key element of fine dining according to Navis
A. Convenient locations.
B. Expensive ingredients.
C. Innovative menus.
D. Fancy cooking techniques.
27. What does “the perennial system” in the last paragraph probably refer to
A. The sustainable farming practice.
B. Farming with proper use of chemicals.
C. Natural farming without human intervention.
D. An experimental farm for an outdoor restaurant.
C
Some people today might be early risers because of DNA they take after Neanderthals tens of thousands of years ago, suggests new research.
When early humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia roughly 70,000 years ago, some of them mated with Neanderthals, who had already adapted to the colder, darker climates of the north. The ripple(涟漪) effects of that intermating still exist today: Modern humans of non- African ancestry(血统)have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA. Some of that DNA relates to sleep more specifically, the internal body clock known as the circadian rhythm.
For the new study, researchers compared DNA from today's humans and DNA from Neanderthal fossils(化石).In both groups, they found some of the same genetic variants involved with the circadian rhythm. And they found that modern humans who carry these variants also reported being early risers.
For Neanderthals, being “morning people” might not have been the real benefit of carrying these genes. Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, more flexible internal body clocks, which allowed them to adjust more easily to annual changes in daylight. This connection makes sense in the context of human history. When early humans moved north out of Africa, they would have experienced variable daylight hours--shorter days in the winter and longer days in the summer-for the first time. The Neanderthals' circadian rhythm genes likely helped early humans' offspring(后代)adapt to this new environment.
Notably ,the findings do not prove that Neanderthal genes are responsible for the sleep habits of all early risers. Lots of different factors beyond genetics can contribute , including social and environmental influences. The study also only included DNA from a database called the U.K. Biobank-so the findings may not necessarily apply to all modern humans. Next, the research team hopes to study other genetic databases to see if the same link holds true for people of other ancestries. If the findings do apply more broadly , they may one day be useful for improving sleep in the modern world, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glowing smartphones.
28.What does the new research focus on
A. DNA's dramatic changes.
B. Genes’ influence on early risers.
C. Neanderthals’ sleeping patterns.
D. Ancestors’ environmental adaptability.
29.What is paragraph 2 intended to show concerning the new research
A. Historical context. B. Additional proof.
C. Sample analysis. D. Studying process.
30. What is the real benefit of carrying Neanderthal's DNA for modern humans
A .Getting up earlier. B. Having healthier daily routines.
C. Being more flexible in their work. D. Possessing a better circadian rhythm.
31. What can be inferred about the findings from the last paragraph
A. They get proof from other studies.
B. They are confirmed by early risers.
C. They suggest potential applications.
D. They reveal factors in sleeping disorders.
D
“Palace, Mountain, Moon ” has been selected by NASA as the Astronomical Picture of the Day for December 25, 2023.
The photo was taken by Valerio, a young photographer of Turin, Italy. It was shot on the evening of December 15, 2023. While he knew about NASA’s competition, he hadn’t considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers. Soon after, he received the message, “Your image has been chosen as the astronomical photo of the day.” It was incredible!
In a photo like this, nothing is left to luck. The concept came to him back in 2017. Walking on the hills north of Turin, he found several spots perfect for including both the Basilica of Superga Palace and Mountain Monviso. After numerous visits over several months, he identified four spots where Superga and Monviso line up just right.
After pinpointing these locations, he experimented with shooting them at different times. “I knew I needed something special to perfect the photo. The Sun was a no-go, so I turned to the Moon. Its various phases and position s reach an azimuth angle (方位角) of 230 degrees,” Valerio said. With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.
It was very successful, especially because the Moon was in a waxing phase. This meant that in the photo, not only was its crescent (新月) lit up, but so was the left part, its shadowed side. That part is lit by reflected light, also known as Da Vinci’s glow, named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon’s shadowed side is brightened. During the early days of the waxing Moon phases, the shadowed part is visible because the Sun’s light reflects off the Earth and hits the Moon’s shadowed side, giving it a greyish, silvery color. This allowed the light to outline Monviso on the left as well.
32．Why did Valerio send the photo to NASA
A．He took an interest in astronomical advances.
B．He expected to create an impact on social media.
C．He received broad support from enthusiastic fans.
D．He wished to make his hometown a tourist hot spot.
33．In Valerio’s photo, the three objects ______.
A．shine light on each other B．stand in a straight line
C．fit each other in size D．vary from usual in color
34．What did Valerio do to prepare for the perfect photo
A．Studying how the Moon phase changes. B．Calculating the Superga-Monviso distance.
C．Analyzing when to adjust the camera angle. D．Measuring the height of the observation point.
35．What was lit up by the Da Vinci’s glow
A．The outline of the crescent. B．The outline of Superga.
C．The dark side of the Moon. D．The shadowed side of the Earth.
第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was dinner time, yet I hadn't finished my work for the day. Cheery people who were enjoying their holiday time buzzed around me. But with my head down and headphones in,I had interacted with very few of them. The day passed more like a fast-forwarded video than something that I actually fully experienced. 36
This was my first week living the digital nomad lifestyle. I had left my corporate role and found freelance(自由职业的）writing work online to afford me the freedom to travel. 37 With enthusiasm, I expected my attitude would also change. Instead, the first surprising realization of my travel journey had hit: despite changing my formal suits to casuals, I was the exact same person I had been at home.
I had prepared excitedly, surfing online about digital nomadism. 38 While you might expect finances to be the biggest killer of this lifestyle, unrealistic expectations are the death blow that I hear about most often. After six years abroad, realism is now the primary message I share.
39 Instead of an office room, you'll work from a balcony overlooking the Mediterranean or a sunny rooftop in the heart of Marrakesh. Instead of waiting at the coffee machine next to complaining colleagues, your daily coffee run will lead you down dust cobblestone streets into tiny cafés. These dreams exist and are waiting for you once you clear customs.
But that's not all that's waiting for new digital nomads. 40 At-home life and life on the road can at times feel shockingly similar, or, if bad work habits take over, even worse. It's an important expectation to understand before you set out on your digital nomad lifestyle: your surroundings will change, but you take you everywhere that you go. No matter how ultra-light you pack.
A. And my surroundings looked different.
B. But this wasn't at a tiring nine-to-five office job.
C. This was a typical day back in my office I managed to escape.
D. New surroundings may also make you fully engaged in your work.
E. Should you choose to become a digital nomad, your environment will change.
F. You'll still wake up with emails in your inbox and to-dos begging to be handled.
G. Yet somehow I unknowingly over-consumed expectation and under-consumed realism.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother has always been one of those rare people that sees the good in everyone and does good things. She’s had her ups and downs but has always 41 a positive, sunny outlook on life and been very 42 to people.
One day, my little sister fell and hurt her ankle, desperately needing a 43 to the hospital emergency room. My mother immediately 44 into crisis mode, packed my sister into the car, and drove to our local hospital. In such a 45 , my mother didn’t call to tell my father. When she got to the hospital, she realized she needed to 46 with my father immediately.
While waiting for my sister to be examined, my mother 47 her way to the pay phone to place her call. She put her coin in, called my father and told him everything. After she hung up, the phone 48 several additional coins that Mom wasn’t owed.
Realizing that the phone was 49 , my mother decided to leave the 50 coins by the phone. She told us that in a crisis, people might not remember to bring 51 with them to make that emergency call.
I’ve often thought about her 52 from an adult’s perspective. I realize that someone seeing the money by he phone may have 53 taken it because not everyone was as 54 as my mother. But I like to believe that my mother’s faith was 55 and that someone who needed them found the coins waiting there.
41．A．tolerated B．anticipated C．maintained D．expressed
42．A．patient B．helpful C．honest D．polite
43．A．rest B．stay C．lift D．visit
44．A．cut B．shifted C．looked D．stuck
45．A．rush B．way C．relief D．process
46．A．come along B．keep in line C．make up D．get in touch
47．A．made B．felt C．picked D．gave
48．A．found B．returned C．collected D．charged
49．A．smart B．ready C．convenient D．broken
50．A．different B．ancient C．extra D．rare
51．A．luck B．phones C．change D．chances
52．A．opportunity B．decision C．appointment D．encounter
53．A．simply B．suddenly C．obviously D．gradually
54．A．thoughtful B．grateful C．hopeful D．successful
55．A．hard-won B．newly-built C．well-placed D．deeply-rooted
第二节 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections 56 (absorb) in a device. That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention. It also changes your mood, your manner of walking and etc. — and affects your ability to get from point A to point B 57 running into trouble.
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust 58 you move. Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than those undistracted ones. These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk. And 59 walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force 60 (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that 61 (get) these benefits, it’s important that your attention is on the environment, rather than on your phone.
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu, 62 (pass) laws to control distracted walkers. But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises. One study has looked at the connection between “phone-related distracted walking” and emergency department visits. Using government data 63 (extend) over the years 2011 to 2019, the researchers turned up nearly 30,000 walking injuries occasioned by phones.
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting 64 at some risk. So how do you stay safe If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, 65 accidents are more likely to occur.
第四部分 书面表达 (共2小题，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
66．假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.自荐理由；
3.申请参与。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me.
When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired Or too thirsty
As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away.
Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight.
During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I went to the farm again.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21．B 22．D 23．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要描述了位于 Buccleuch Place的住宿选择，包括不同类型的房间、价格、设施和清洁服务等内容。
21．细节理解题。根据Standard single en-suite room部分中“Standard room with en-suite bathroom 10, 377 per year(带浴室的标准间每年10377英镑)”可知，标准单人套间，提供一个私人浴室。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ Residents should clear rubbish and remove all recycling to the designated areas: you are also responsible for keeping your own bedrooms and en-suite bathrooms clean.( 居民应清理垃圾，并将所有可回收物品移至指定区域；你还应负责保持自己的卧室和浴室清洁)”可知，住在布克勒奇广场的居民应该把可回收物移到特定的区域。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段“Buccleuch Place provides a mix of standard study bedrooms within flats, each with shared kitchen/living spaces and bathroom facilities.(Buccleuch Place在公寓内提供了标准的学习卧室，每个卧室都有共享的厨房/起居空间和浴室设施)”以及文章主要描述了位于 Buccleuch Place的住宿选择，包括不同类型的房间、价格、设施和清洁服务等内容可推知，文章选自“住宿”部分。故选A。
24．A 25．D 26．C 27．A
28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C
32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。年轻摄影师瓦莱里奥拍摄的天文照片被美国宇航局选中，文章介绍了他的拍摄经过。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“While he knew about NASA’s competition, he hadn’t considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers.(虽然他知道美国宇航局的比赛，但直到收到社交媒体粉丝的大力鼓励，他才考虑参加比赛)”可知，瓦莱里奥把照片发给美国宇航局是为了得到了热情粉丝的广泛支持。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“Its various phases and position s reach an azimuth angle (方位角) of 230 degrees(它的不同相位和位置的方位角达到230度)”以及“With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.(考虑到这一点，他研究了月亮的相位，在日历上标记了可能的日期，并计划了月亮可能加入队列的确切时刻)”可知，在瓦莱里奥的照片中，这三个物体位于一条直线上。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.(考虑到这一点，他研究了月亮的相位，在日历上标记了可能的日期，并计划了月亮可能加入队列的确切时刻)”可知，为了拍出一张完美的照片，瓦莱里奥研究月相的变化。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That part is lit by reflected light, also known as Da Vinci’s glow, named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon’s shadowed side is brightened.(这部分是由反射光照亮的，也被称为达·芬奇的光芒，以他的名字命名，因为他提出了月球的阴暗面为什么会变亮的理论)”可知，达芬奇的光芒照亮了月球的阴暗面。故选C。
36．B 37．A 38．G 39．E 40．F
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．C 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．A 55．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妹妹的受伤以后被送往医院，当妈妈在使用公用电话的时候，选择把零钱留给其他需要帮助的人。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A. tolerated忍受；B. anticipated预期；C. maintained维护；D. expressed表达。根据后文“a positive, sunny outlook on life”可知，指保持着积极、阳光的人生观，故选C。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A. patient有耐心的；B. helpful帮助的；C. honest诚实的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“a positive, sunny outlook on life and been very”以及后文妈妈把零钱留给有需要的人，可知，此处指积极的人生观对别人有帮助。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的小妹妹摔倒了，伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室就诊。A. rest休息；B. stay停留；C. lift免费搭车；D. visit就诊。根据后文“to the hospital emergency room”可知，指妹妹弄伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室看看。a visit to the hospital emergency room此处理解为“去医院急诊室就诊”。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲立即进入危机模式，把我妹妹塞进车里，开车去了我们当地的医院。A. cut切割；B. shifted转换，变换；C. looked看；D. stuck粘贴。根据后文“into crisis mode”指作者的母亲立即转换（shifted）到了危机模式，故选B。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。A. rush冲，匆忙；B. way方法；C. relief安慰；D. process流程。根据上文“One day, my little sister fell and hurt her ankle, desperately needing a…to the hospital emergency room.”可知，妹妹受伤事发突然，所以是在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。故选A。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她到达医院时，她意识到她需要立即与我父亲取得联系。A. come along取得进展；B. keep in line保持纪律；C. make up组成；D. get in touch取得联系。根据后文“with my father immediately”可知，指母亲需要立即与父亲取得联系。get in touch with sb.“和……取得联系”符合语境。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等我妹妹检查的时候，我妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。A. made赶往；B. felt感觉；C. picked捡起；D. gave给予。根据后文“her way to the pay phone to place her call”可知，指妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。短语make one’s way to表示“赶往”。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她挂断电话后，电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。A. found找到；B. returned返回，退回；C. collected收集；D. charged充电。根据后文“several additional coins that Mom wasn’t owed”可知，指电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。故选B。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A. smart聪明的；B. ready准备好的；C. convenient方便的；D. broken破碎的，中断的。根据上文“After she hung up”可知，指电话中断了，故选D。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A. different不同的；B. ancient古老的；C. extra额外的；D. rare少见的。呼应上文“several additional coins”可知，此处指多余的硬币。故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我们，在危机中，人们可能不记得随身携带零钱来拨打紧急电话。A. luck运气；B. phones电话；C. change零钱；D. chances机会。根据上文“several additional coins”可知，此处指随身携带零钱拨打紧急电话。故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常从一个成年人的角度来思考她的决定。A. opportunity机会；B. decision决定；C. appointment约会；D. encounter遇见。此处指上文“my mother decided to leave the”妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边这个决定，故选B。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A. simply仅仅；B. suddenly突然；C. obviously显然；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“because not everyone was as ___14___ as my mother.”可知，不是每个人都像作者的母亲那样体贴，即有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，simply符合语境。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A. thoughtful体贴的；B. grateful感激的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. successful成功的。结合上文可知妈妈把多余的零钱留给有需要的人，说明妈妈很体贴，故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我愿意相信，我母亲的信仰是正确的，需要它们的人在那里发现了硬币。A. hard-won来之不易的；B. newly-built新建的；C. well-placed置于适当地点的；D. deeply-rooted根深蒂固的。根据后文“that someone who needed them found the coins waiting there”可知，妈妈的信仰是正确的，即我母亲的信仰是置于适当地点的，她相信有人需要它们时，会发现硬币在那里等着。故选C。
56．were absorbed 57．without 58．how 59．since/as 60．placed
61．to get 62．have passed 63．extending 64．yourself 65．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在任何一个拥挤的人行道上，你都会看到人们低下头，眼睛向下看。最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。
56．考查固定短语。句意：最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。短语be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于……”，此处主句found可知为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，主语为a quarter of people，谓语用复数。故填were absorbed。
57．考查介词。句意：它还会改变你的情绪，你走路的方式等等，并影响你从A点到B点而不遇到麻烦的能力。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不”应用介词without。故填without。
58．考查宾语从句。句意：当你一边走路一边使用手机时，你会自动调整你的移动方式。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故填how。
59．考查状语从句。句意：随着/既然步行占你日常体育活动的很大一部分，那么走得慢一点可能会对你的健康产生影响。此处可理解为时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as；或理解为原因状语从句，表示“既然”用since。故填as/since。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：走路时低头看智能手机也会增加施加在脖子和上背部肌肉上的力量，这会降低平衡能力，增加跌倒的风险。此处place与force构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填placed。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：看来，为了获得这些好处，你的注意力应该放在环境上，而不是手机上。此处get在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to get。
62．考查时态。句意：一些城市，如檀香山，已经通过了法律来控制分心的行人。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时，主语为cities，助动词用have。故填have passed。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用2011年至2019年的政府数据，发现了近3万起由手机引起的步行损伤。此处extend与date构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填extending。
64．考查代词。句意：如果你被手机分散了注意力，你肯定会把自己置于危险之中。结合语境，此处指“你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。
65．考查定语从句。句意：如果你一边走路一边使用电子设备，在楼梯、人行横道和杂乱或不平整的地面附近停下来，因为这些地方更容易发生事故。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
66．Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position.
As a citizen, it’s my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience.
So, I firmly believe that I’m the very person you’re looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为《中国日报》宣传活动的志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；自荐理由；申请参与。
67．
A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。
【详解】
段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所想到的。
②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作者的感想。
续写线索：想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想
高二年级英语试卷
本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Buccleuch Place/ Buccleuch Place Lane
Overview
Buccleuch Place/Buccleuch Place Lane, 1-6&; 7-13, Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh, EH89LW
Buccleuch Place provides a mix of standard study bedrooms within flats, each with shared kitchen/living spaces and bathroom facilities.
Standard single en-suite room
Standard room with en-suite bathroom 10, 377 per year
BATHROOM: En-suite
CATERING: Self-catered property
BILLS: All utility（bills included- there is an average allowance of electricity but overuse can result in additional charges.
Twin room
Twin room with shared bathroom facilities 5, 215 per year
BATHROOM: Shared
CATERING: Self-catered property
BILLS: All utility bills included -there is an average allowance of electricity but overuse can result in additional charges.
Standard single room
Standard single room with shared bathroom facilities 8, 651 per year
BATHROOM: Shared
CATERING: Self-catered property
BILLS: All utility bills included -there is an average allowance of electricity but overuse can result in additional charges.
Cleaning and housekeeping
Staff on site will regularly clean the laundry, common room, common room toilets, stairs and lifts.
Staff will visit your flat weekly and assist you in keeping common areas clean (kitchens, any shared bathrooms and hallways). However, residents should also clean between visits.
Residents should clear rubbish and remove al recycling to the designated areas: you are also responsible for keeping your own bedrooms and en-suite bathrooms clean.
Please note that al our accommodation is non-smoking, this includes e-cigarettes.
21．Which of the following might be true about a standard single en-suite room
A．It is the cheapest choice. B．It provides a private bathroom.
C．Food is included in the bill. D．Residents do not need to pay any bills.
22．A resident in the Buccleuch Place ________.
A．can have e-cigarettes in his room. B．only needs to clean his own bedroom.
C．has staff visits on a daily basis. D．should remove recycling to specific areas.
23．Which of the following section could this passage be possibly found
A．Accommodation. B．Jobs.
C．Finance. D．Courses.
B
“It's not unusual for guests to feel emotional when they discover the story behind our food,” says Patrick Navis. “Not to mention when they taste it. One even cried with happiness.” The setting for these tearful scenes Navis's restaurant in a Dutch city. Here, the owner and his team create experimental food using herbs, roots, flowers and nuts—some common, others less so.
Most of these ingredients(食材) come from the Ketelbroek Food Forest nearby. To the untrained eye, it's like an ordinary wood. But there's one key difference: everything in it is edible. It was set up in 2009 by Dutch botanist and environmentalist Noah Eck as an experiment in slow farming, to see what would happen if the right combination of food plants were left to grow together like a natural forest, without chemicals.
“It's the first ‘food forest’ of its kind in Europe and we’re one of the few restaurants around the world cooperating in this way,”says Navis.“We have over 400 different species of edible plants we plan our menus around, including some we previously knew little about." He harvests the ingredients and, with his fellow chefs, works them into beautifully presented tasting menus, served in a dining room hidden in the backstreets of the city,
“To us, fine dining is not about the fame of a restaurant, its location, expensive decoration, fancy cooking and wine list,”says Navis.“It's about adding value through creativity and using ingredients nobody knows of, which are grown with great attention.”However, he adds, luxury cooking can be about enhancing everyday ingredients, too.
“When looking at cooking in this way, who can argue that caviar(鱼子酱 ), for example, is more valuable than a carrot grown with specialist knowledge ”
Experimentation is extremely important to Navis. In the next five years, he hopes to open an outdoor restaurant. But for now, the most important thing is to continue focusing on how plants are being grown and the perennial system used in the Food Forest, reducing the need for replanting each season.
24. What can we learn about Navis's restaurant
A. It is well received by its guests.
B. It serves food with moving stories.
C. It offers experimental food for free.
D. It is known for its rare food sources.
25. How is Ketelbrock Food Forest different from ordinary woods
A. It is a natural forest.
B. Diverse plants coexist in it.
C. Plants there take longer to grow.
D. It provides safe food ingredients.
26. What is the key element of fine dining according to Navis
A. Convenient locations.
B. Expensive ingredients.
C. Innovative menus.
D. Fancy cooking techniques.
27. What does “the perennial system” in the last paragraph probably refer to
A. The sustainable farming practice.
B. Farming with proper use of chemicals.
C. Natural farming without human intervention.
D. An experimental farm for an outdoor restaurant.
C
Some people today might be early risers because of DNA they take after Neanderthals tens of thousands of years ago, suggests new research.
When early humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia roughly 70,000 years ago, some of them mated with Neanderthals, who had already adapted to the colder, darker climates of the north. The ripple(涟漪) effects of that intermating still exist today: Modern humans of non- African ancestry(血统)have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA. Some of that DNA relates to sleep more specifically, the internal body clock known as the circadian rhythm.
For the new study, researchers compared DNA from today's humans and DNA from Neanderthal fossils(化石).In both groups, they found some of the same genetic variants involved with the circadian rhythm. And they found that modern humans who carry these variants also reported being early risers.
For Neanderthals, being “morning people” might not have been the real benefit of carrying these genes. Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, more flexible internal body clocks, which allowed them to adjust more easily to annual changes in daylight. This connection makes sense in the context of human history. When early humans moved north out of Africa, they would have experienced variable daylight hours--shorter days in the winter and longer days in the summer-for the first time. The Neanderthals' circadian rhythm genes likely helped early humans' offspring(后代)adapt to this new environment.
Notably ,the findings do not prove that Neanderthal genes are responsible for the sleep habits of all early risers. Lots of different factors beyond genetics can contribute , including social and environmental influences. The study also only included DNA from a database called the U.K. Biobank-so the findings may not necessarily apply to all modern humans. Next, the research team hopes to study other genetic databases to see if the same link holds true for people of other ancestries. If the findings do apply more broadly , they may one day be useful for improving sleep in the modern world, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glowing smartphones.
28.What does the new research focus on
A. DNA's dramatic changes.
B. Genes’ influence on early risers.
C. Neanderthals’ sleeping patterns.
D. Ancestors’ environmental adaptability.
29.What is paragraph 2 intended to show concerning the new research
A. Historical context. B. Additional proof.
C. Sample analysis. D. Studying process.
30. What is the real benefit of carrying Neanderthal's DNA for modern humans
A .Getting up earlier. B. Having healthier daily routines.
C. Being more flexible in their work. D. Possessing a better circadian rhythm.
31. What can be inferred about the findings from the last paragraph
A. They get proof from other studies.
B. They are confirmed by early risers.
C. They suggest potential applications.
D. They reveal factors in sleeping disorders.
D
“Palace, Mountain, Moon ” has been selected by NASA as the Astronomical Picture of the Day for December 25, 2023.
The photo was taken by Valerio, a young photographer of Turin, Italy. It was shot on the evening of December 15, 2023. While he knew about NASA’s competition, he hadn’t considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers. Soon after, he received the message, “Your image has been chosen as the astronomical photo of the day.” It was incredible!
In a photo like this, nothing is left to luck. The concept came to him back in 2017. Walking on the hills north of Turin, he found several spots perfect for including both the Basilica of Superga Palace and Mountain Monviso. After numerous visits over several months, he identified four spots where Superga and Monviso line up just right.
After pinpointing these locations, he experimented with shooting them at different times. “I knew I needed something special to perfect the photo. The Sun was a no-go, so I turned to the Moon. Its various phases and position s reach an azimuth angle (方位角) of 230 degrees,” Valerio said. With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.
It was very successful, especially because the Moon was in a waxing phase. This meant that in the photo, not only was its crescent (新月) lit up, but so was the left part, its shadowed side. That part is lit by reflected light, also known as Da Vinci’s glow, named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon’s shadowed side is brightened. During the early days of the waxing Moon phases, the shadowed part is visible because the Sun’s light reflects off the Earth and hits the Moon’s shadowed side, giving it a greyish, silvery color. This allowed the light to outline Monviso on the left as well.
32．Why did Valerio send the photo to NASA
A．He took an interest in astronomical advances.
B．He expected to create an impact on social media.
C．He received broad support from enthusiastic fans.
D．He wished to make his hometown a tourist hot spot.
33．In Valerio’s photo, the three objects ______.
A．shine light on each other B．stand in a straight line
C．fit each other in size D．vary from usual in color
34．What did Valerio do to prepare for the perfect photo
A．Studying how the Moon phase changes. B．Calculating the Superga-Monviso distance.
C．Analyzing when to adjust the camera angle. D．Measuring the height of the observation point.
35．What was lit up by the Da Vinci’s glow
A．The outline of the crescent. B．The outline of Superga.
C．The dark side of the Moon. D．The shadowed side of the Earth.
第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was dinner time, yet I hadn't finished my work for the day. Cheery people who were enjoying their holiday time buzzed around me. But with my head down and headphones in,I had interacted with very few of them. The day passed more like a fast-forwarded video than something that I actually fully experienced. 36
This was my first week living the digital nomad lifestyle. I had left my corporate role and found freelance(自由职业的）writing work online to afford me the freedom to travel. 37 With enthusiasm, I expected my attitude would also change. Instead, the first surprising realization of my travel journey had hit: despite changing my formal suits to casuals, I was the exact same person I had been at home.
I had prepared excitedly, surfing online about digital nomadism. 38 While you might expect finances to be the biggest killer of this lifestyle, unrealistic expectations are the death blow that I hear about most often. After six years abroad, realism is now the primary message I share.
39 Instead of an office room, you'll work from a balcony overlooking the Mediterranean or a sunny rooftop in the heart of Marrakesh. Instead of waiting at the coffee machine next to complaining colleagues, your daily coffee run will lead you down dust cobblestone streets into tiny cafés. These dreams exist and are waiting for you once you clear customs.
But that's not all that's waiting for new digital nomads. 40 At-home life and life on the road can at times feel shockingly similar, or, if bad work habits take over, even worse. It's an important expectation to understand before you set out on your digital nomad lifestyle: your surroundings will change, but you take you everywhere that you go. No matter how ultra-light you pack.
A. And my surroundings looked different.
B. But this wasn't at a tiring nine-to-five office job.
C. This was a typical day back in my office I managed to escape.
D. New surroundings may also make you fully engaged in your work.
E. Should you choose to become a digital nomad, your environment will change.
F. You'll still wake up with emails in your inbox and to-dos begging to be handled.
G. Yet somehow I unknowingly over-consumed expectation and under-consumed realism.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother has always been one of those rare people that sees the good in everyone and does good things. She’s had her ups and downs but has always 41 a positive, sunny outlook on life and been very 42 to people.
One day, my little sister fell and hurt her ankle, desperately needing a 43 to the hospital emergency room. My mother immediately 44 into crisis mode, packed my sister into the car, and drove to our local hospital. In such a 45 , my mother didn’t call to tell my father. When she got to the hospital, she realized she needed to 46 with my father immediately.
While waiting for my sister to be examined, my mother 47 her way to the pay phone to place her call. She put her coin in, called my father and told him everything. After she hung up, the phone 48 several additional coins that Mom wasn’t owed.
Realizing that the phone was 49 , my mother decided to leave the 50 coins by the phone. She told us that in a crisis, people might not remember to bring 51 with them to make that emergency call.
I’ve often thought about her 52 from an adult’s perspective. I realize that someone seeing the money by he phone may have 53 taken it because not everyone was as 54 as my mother. But I like to believe that my mother’s faith was 55 and that someone who needed them found the coins waiting there.
41．A．tolerated B．anticipated C．maintained D．expressed
42．A．patient B．helpful C．honest D．polite
43．A．rest B．stay C．lift D．visit
44．A．cut B．shifted C．looked D．stuck
45．A．rush B．way C．relief D．process
46．A．come along B．keep in line C．make up D．get in touch
47．A．made B．felt C．picked D．gave
48．A．found B．returned C．collected D．charged
49．A．smart B．ready C．convenient D．broken
50．A．different B．ancient C．extra D．rare
51．A．luck B．phones C．change D．chances
52．A．opportunity B．decision C．appointment D．encounter
53．A．simply B．suddenly C．obviously D．gradually
54．A．thoughtful B．grateful C．hopeful D．successful
55．A．hard-won B．newly-built C．well-placed D．deeply-rooted
第二节 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections 56 (absorb) in a device. That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention. It also changes your mood, your manner of walking and etc. — and affects your ability to get from point A to point B 57 running into trouble.
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust 58 you move. Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than those undistracted ones. These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk. And 59 walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force 60 (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that 61 (get) these benefits, it’s important that your attention is on the environment, rather than on your phone.
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu, 62 (pass) laws to control distracted walkers. But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises. One study has looked at the connection between “phone-related distracted walking” and emergency department visits. Using government data 63 (extend) over the years 2011 to 2019, the researchers turned up nearly 30,000 walking injuries occasioned by phones.
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting 64 at some risk. So how do you stay safe If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, 65 accidents are more likely to occur.
第四部分 书面表达 (共2小题，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
66．假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.自荐理由；
3.申请参与。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me.
When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired Or too thirsty
As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away.
Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight.
During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I went to the farm again.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21．B 22．D 23．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要描述了位于 Buccleuch Place的住宿选择，包括不同类型的房间、价格、设施和清洁服务等内容。
21．细节理解题。根据Standard single en-suite room部分中“Standard room with en-suite bathroom 10, 377 per year(带浴室的标准间每年10377英镑)”可知，标准单人套间，提供一个私人浴室。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ Residents should clear rubbish and remove all recycling to the designated areas: you are also responsible for keeping your own bedrooms and en-suite bathrooms clean.( 居民应清理垃圾，并将所有可回收物品移至指定区域；你还应负责保持自己的卧室和浴室清洁)”可知，住在布克勒奇广场的居民应该把可回收物移到特定的区域。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段“Buccleuch Place provides a mix of standard study bedrooms within flats, each with shared kitchen/living spaces and bathroom facilities.(Buccleuch Place在公寓内提供了标准的学习卧室，每个卧室都有共享的厨房/起居空间和浴室设施)”以及文章主要描述了位于 Buccleuch Place的住宿选择，包括不同类型的房间、价格、设施和清洁服务等内容可推知，文章选自“住宿”部分。故选A。
24．A 25．D 26．C 27．A
28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C
32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。年轻摄影师瓦莱里奥拍摄的天文照片被美国宇航局选中，文章介绍了他的拍摄经过。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“While he knew about NASA’s competition, he hadn’t considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers.(虽然他知道美国宇航局的比赛，但直到收到社交媒体粉丝的大力鼓励，他才考虑参加比赛)”可知，瓦莱里奥把照片发给美国宇航局是为了得到了热情粉丝的广泛支持。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“Its various phases and position s reach an azimuth angle (方位角) of 230 degrees(它的不同相位和位置的方位角达到230度)”以及“With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.(考虑到这一点，他研究了月亮的相位，在日历上标记了可能的日期，并计划了月亮可能加入队列的确切时刻)”可知，在瓦莱里奥的照片中，这三个物体位于一条直线上。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.(考虑到这一点，他研究了月亮的相位，在日历上标记了可能的日期，并计划了月亮可能加入队列的确切时刻)”可知，为了拍出一张完美的照片，瓦莱里奥研究月相的变化。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That part is lit by reflected light, also known as Da Vinci’s glow, named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon’s shadowed side is brightened.(这部分是由反射光照亮的，也被称为达·芬奇的光芒，以他的名字命名，因为他提出了月球的阴暗面为什么会变亮的理论)”可知，达芬奇的光芒照亮了月球的阴暗面。故选C。
36．B 37．A 38．G 39．E 40．F
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．C 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．A 55．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妹妹的受伤以后被送往医院，当妈妈在使用公用电话的时候，选择把零钱留给其他需要帮助的人。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A. tolerated忍受；B. anticipated预期；C. maintained维护；D. expressed表达。根据后文“a positive, sunny outlook on life”可知，指保持着积极、阳光的人生观，故选C。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A. patient有耐心的；B. helpful帮助的；C. honest诚实的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“a positive, sunny outlook on life and been very”以及后文妈妈把零钱留给有需要的人，可知，此处指积极的人生观对别人有帮助。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的小妹妹摔倒了，伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室就诊。A. rest休息；B. stay停留；C. lift免费搭车；D. visit就诊。根据后文“to the hospital emergency room”可知，指妹妹弄伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室看看。a visit to the hospital emergency room此处理解为“去医院急诊室就诊”。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲立即进入危机模式，把我妹妹塞进车里，开车去了我们当地的医院。A. cut切割；B. shifted转换，变换；C. looked看；D. stuck粘贴。根据后文“into crisis mode”指作者的母亲立即转换（shifted）到了危机模式，故选B。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。A. rush冲，匆忙；B. way方法；C. relief安慰；D. process流程。根据上文“One day, my little sister fell and hurt her ankle, desperately needing a…to the hospital emergency room.”可知，妹妹受伤事发突然，所以是在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。故选A。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她到达医院时，她意识到她需要立即与我父亲取得联系。A. come along取得进展；B. keep in line保持纪律；C. make up组成；D. get in touch取得联系。根据后文“with my father immediately”可知，指母亲需要立即与父亲取得联系。get in touch with sb.“和……取得联系”符合语境。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等我妹妹检查的时候，我妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。A. made赶往；B. felt感觉；C. picked捡起；D. gave给予。根据后文“her way to the pay phone to place her call”可知，指妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。短语make one’s way to表示“赶往”。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她挂断电话后，电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。A. found找到；B. returned返回，退回；C. collected收集；D. charged充电。根据后文“several additional coins that Mom wasn’t owed”可知，指电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。故选B。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A. smart聪明的；B. ready准备好的；C. convenient方便的；D. broken破碎的，中断的。根据上文“After she hung up”可知，指电话中断了，故选D。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A. different不同的；B. ancient古老的；C. extra额外的；D. rare少见的。呼应上文“several additional coins”可知，此处指多余的硬币。故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我们，在危机中，人们可能不记得随身携带零钱来拨打紧急电话。A. luck运气；B. phones电话；C. change零钱；D. chances机会。根据上文“several additional coins”可知，此处指随身携带零钱拨打紧急电话。故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常从一个成年人的角度来思考她的决定。A. opportunity机会；B. decision决定；C. appointment约会；D. encounter遇见。此处指上文“my mother decided to leave the”妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边这个决定，故选B。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A. simply仅仅；B. suddenly突然；C. obviously显然；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“because not everyone was as ___14___ as my mother.”可知，不是每个人都像作者的母亲那样体贴，即有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，simply符合语境。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A. thoughtful体贴的；B. grateful感激的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. successful成功的。结合上文可知妈妈把多余的零钱留给有需要的人，说明妈妈很体贴，故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我愿意相信，我母亲的信仰是正确的，需要它们的人在那里发现了硬币。A. hard-won来之不易的；B. newly-built新建的；C. well-placed置于适当地点的；D. deeply-rooted根深蒂固的。根据后文“that someone who needed them found the coins waiting there”可知，妈妈的信仰是正确的，即我母亲的信仰是置于适当地点的，她相信有人需要它们时，会发现硬币在那里等着。故选C。
56．were absorbed 57．without 58．how 59．since/as 60．placed
61．to get 62．have passed 63．extending 64．yourself 65．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在任何一个拥挤的人行道上，你都会看到人们低下头，眼睛向下看。最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。
56．考查固定短语。句意：最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。短语be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于……”，此处主句found可知为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，主语为a quarter of people，谓语用复数。故填were absorbed。
57．考查介词。句意：它还会改变你的情绪，你走路的方式等等，并影响你从A点到B点而不遇到麻烦的能力。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不”应用介词without。故填without。
58．考查宾语从句。句意：当你一边走路一边使用手机时，你会自动调整你的移动方式。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故填how。
59．考查状语从句。句意：随着/既然步行占你日常体育活动的很大一部分，那么走得慢一点可能会对你的健康产生影响。此处可理解为时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as；或理解为原因状语从句，表示“既然”用since。故填as/since。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：走路时低头看智能手机也会增加施加在脖子和上背部肌肉上的力量，这会降低平衡能力，增加跌倒的风险。此处place与force构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填placed。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：看来，为了获得这些好处，你的注意力应该放在环境上，而不是手机上。此处get在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to get。
62．考查时态。句意：一些城市，如檀香山，已经通过了法律来控制分心的行人。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时，主语为cities，助动词用have。故填have passed。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用2011年至2019年的政府数据，发现了近3万起由手机引起的步行损伤。此处extend与date构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填extending。
64．考查代词。句意：如果你被手机分散了注意力，你肯定会把自己置于危险之中。结合语境，此处指“你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。
65．考查定语从句。句意：如果你一边走路一边使用电子设备，在楼梯、人行横道和杂乱或不平整的地面附近停下来，因为这些地方更容易发生事故。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
66．Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position.
As a citizen, it’s my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience.
So, I firmly believe that I’m the very person you’re looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为《中国日报》宣传活动的志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；自荐理由；申请参与。
67．
A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。
【详解】
段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所想到的。
②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作者的感想。
续写线索：想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想
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