鲁教版八年级上册Unit 6 Have you read Treasure Island yet？Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 学案

Unit 6　Have you read Treasure Island yet？
Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
语法精讲细练
【语法解读】
现在完成时(一)
1. 现在完成时的用法
表示过去已经发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already, ever, before, just, yet, never等词连用。
2. 现在完成时的构成: 助动词have/has+过去分词
(1)肯定句式:
助动词have/has+过去分词。
(2)否定句式:
haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。
(3)一般疑问句:
把助动词have(has)提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答用: Yes, 主语+have(has). 。否定回答用: No, 主语+haven’t(hasn’t). , 有时可用No, not yet. 或No, never. 。
(4)特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他
How many records has he bought
他已经买了多少张唱片了
【注意】have not常简略为haven’t, has not常简略为hasn’t。
3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过去时 强调动作发生在过去某个时间或状态存在于过去某个时间
现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在的影响
*Tom lived in Beijing two years ago.
两年前汤姆住在北京。(不知道现在是否还住在北京)
*Tom has lived in Beijing for two years.
汤姆住在北京两年了。(现在汤姆还住在北京)
【语法精炼】
Ⅰ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. My grandfather has lived(live) in the country since ten years ago.
2. I have read(read) the book already. It’s very interesting.
3. —Tom, have you had(have) breakfast yet
—Yes, I feel very full now.
4. —Have you returned(return) the book to the library
—No. I will return it this afternoon.
5. Mr Brown hurried (hurry) to catch the early bus ten minutes ago.
Ⅱ. 完成或翻译句子
1. 火车晚点了, 我们已经在车站等候了两个小时。(wait)
The train is late. We have (already)waited for it at the station since two hours ago.
2. 这位游客想知道这座博物馆投入使用多久了。
The visitor wants to know how long this/the museum has been in use.
3. 你读过《哈利·波特》吗
Have you read Harry Potter yet
4. 据报道, 中国已经为非洲儿童提供了大量的帮助。(offer)
It is reported that China has offered much help to African children already.
5. 到目前为止, 我学会了独自处理问题。
So far, I have learned/learnt to deal with the problems (by) myself/on my own/alone. /I have learned/learnt to deal with the problems (by) myself/on my own/alone so far.
- 1 -