牛津译林版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 1 Lights,camera,action! Grammar and usage 课件 （共43张PPT）

(共43张PPT)
主谓一致
Subject-verb Agreement
主谓一致就是谓语在人称和数上要和主语保持一致
我用am ，
你用are ，
is连着他她它，
单数名词用is，
复数名词都用are。
“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式。
在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则: 语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
什么是主谓一致？
就近原则：
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数
不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数
谓语动词的单复数由和它最接近的主语的单复数来决定
语法一致：
意义/内容一致：
主谓一致
谓语动词用单数的情况
1.可数名词单数；不可数名词；代词单数；不定代词作主语
Rice is mainly grown in the south of China.
水稻主要种植在中国的南方。
The milk in the fridge is fresh.
冰箱里的牛奶是新鲜的。
It is my favorite book.
它是我最喜欢的书。
Nobody knows the answer.
没有人知道答案。
What he said has been recorded.
他说的话已经被录音了。
To do this requires joint efforts.
要做这个需要共同的努力。
Reading often means learning.
读书常意味着学习。
2.单个从句、不定式、动名词（非谓语）作主语
Time waits for no man.
时间不等人。
Money means nothing to him.
金钱对于他来说毫无价值。
Three thousand kilometres is not very far.
三千公里并不是很远。
Eight kilograms is too heavy.
八公斤太重了
3.表时间、金钱、距离、重量、数目、长度、体积、面积、数学运算作为一个整体概念，作主语
4.表国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语
The United States is in North America.
美国在北美洲。
One Thousand And One Night tells people lots of folk tales.
《一千零一夜》给人们讲了很多民间故事。
Mathematics is my favorite subject.
数学是我最喜欢的学科。
Physics is my major.
物理是我的专业。
5. 以-s结尾的表示学科名称的名词作主语
（如：maths、mathematics、 physics、 economics 、gymnastics等）
6. 并列主语作为不可分的整体时
law and rule 法规
knife and fork 刀叉
war and peace 战争与和平
science and technology 科学与技术
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.
The knife and fork has been washed.
War and peace is a constant theme in history.
Each student in the class is capable of passing the exam.
Either choice is great.
Neither candidate was selected for the job.
7. every、each、either、neither、another、 the other作主语或后跟名词单数作主语
8. one
each
every one
each one
anyone
of+复数名词+V.单数
Each of the houses was slightly different.
each……and each....
every……and every....
no……and no.....
many a……and many a…
Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their parents.
每个人都有充分的理由为他们父母所做的工作感到骄傲。
Each boy and each girl has been invited to the party.
每个男孩和女孩都被邀请来参加聚会。
+V.单数
9. 并列主语前有each, every, many a, no等修饰。
10. 固定短语
many a+名词单数+V.单数
（许多）
Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.
许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。
谓语动词用复数的情况
1.复数名词、复数代词
2. both…and…连接并列主语
3. the+姓氏的复数 表“夫妇两人或一家人”作主语时
The Chinese _______ hard-working.(be)
4. the+国家 表示某国人的总称做主语时（如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等）谓语动词用复数。
are
5. police, cattle，people，youth等集合名词 作主语，谓语动词用复数
The police ___________(search) for the murderer now.
are searching
6.表示成双成套的名词，如：chopsticks , glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves 等作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式.
Glasses ______ (be) sometimes important to a person's image（形象）.
are
The pair of glasses_______ (make) Deng Chao more handsome.
makes
但如与a kind of, the kind of, a pair of, the pair of等连用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.
7.we/you/they或名词复数+each 作主语，谓语动词用复数
The students each have much homework.
就近原则
谓语动词的形式由离它最近的主语而定
A or B
Either A or B
Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
Not A but B
动词形式由B决定
Here
There
+ be
A and B
A , B and C
动词形式由A决定
就远原则
谓语动词的形式由离它最远的主语而定
Deng Chao as well as other members of Running Man _____ (be) going to take part in the show.
is
Tom, together with his parents, _____ (be) going to watch the TV show--Running Man.
is
A+ with/ along with/ together with/ as well as/ besides/ like/ without/ except/ including/ rather than/ but +B 作主语，谓语动词根据____来确定形式。
A
其他情况
V.单复数要分类讨论
1.某些集合名词如family, team, class, crowd, group, audience
如强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
The family _____all fond of football.
The family______the smallest unit of society.
are
is
2.有些名词单复数同形，如：sheep，deer，fish，crossroads， means, works 根据表达的意思决定用单数还是复数
All possible means have been tried.
Every possible means has been tried.
3. The +形容词 作主语, 表示一类人时, 谓语动词用复数;
The young are always full of vitality(活力).
The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.
The Premier and the Foreign Minister were present at the state banquet.
总理兼外交部长出席了国宴。
总理和外交部长都出席了国宴。
指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只能用一个冠词；
指不同的人或物时，并列主语前需要分别加冠词。
4. 由and 连接主语时, 并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时, 谓语动词用复数; 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时, 谓语动词用单数.
Those who have seen the film please put up your hands.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman.
5. 在定语从句中，关系代词 that, who, which等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应视先行词的单复数而定。
1. A great number of tourists ______(has) been to the
Great Wall.
have
2. The number of workers who were out of work ______
1,000.
was
6. a number of + 复数名词 +谓语动词的复数形式
the number of + 复数名词 +谓语动词的单数形式
Large quantities of time _____ (is, are) spent on dress rehearsal(彩排).
A large quantity of money ________ (has, have) been earned through this show.
are
has
7. a quantity of
quantities of 后可接可数/不可数名词作主语：
quantities of后的谓语动词总用_______。
a quantity后名词是中心词，谓语动词取决于后面的名词是否可数；
复数
What she said ____ (be) correct.
What she left me ___ (be) old books.
is
are
8. what引导从句作主语，通常谓语动词用单数；但如
所指意义为复数，谓语动词用复数
Exploring the rules
Pay attention to the underlined subjects and verbs. Fill in the table.
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
⑩
Subject + Singular verb Subject + Plural verb
①
②
Exploring the rules
Pay attention to the underlined subjects and verbs. Fill in the table.
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
⑩
Subject + Singular verb Subject + Plural verb
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
⑩
Subject + Singular verb Subject + Plural verb
Everyone was its film team members were
its old age shows
The new film uses Mowgli and his animal friends live
not only the animals but also the jungle is
Building the jungle environment on the computer was
The jungle book lasts
there is enough tension and humour
Two hours seems
a singular noun
a singular noun
a pronoun
an uncountable noun
a verb-ing form
a book/film title
an uncountable noun
a phrase of measurement
a plural noun
a phrase of two more words linked by and, referring to two or more objects or people
Exploring the rules
a
c
d
e
g
h
b
f
Working out the rules
主谓一致：句子主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致
B1 Circle the correct words to complete the following sentences.
1 Is/Are five million dollars enough to make a good film
2 I think Mowgli and Shere Khan is/are the most interesting
　characters in The Jungle Book.
3 Drinking cola often makes/make the cinema experience more
　enjoyable.
4 There is/are one tree and three children on the film poster.
5 Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them was/were directed by
　David Yates.
6 If anyone is/are interested in the film, please let me know.
B2 Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.
be look make require
Simon: The Jungle Book sounds great. But what (1) ________ the new
　　　 film so much better than the original
Laura: The picture quality, as well as the special effects, (2) ___ far better. Not only the animals but also the forest (3) ______ so real!
　　　While you watch, you feel like reaching out your hand to touch 　　
　　　the leaves.
Simon: Sounds super! Is it true that there (4) ___only one real human 　
　　　 character in the film
Laura: Yes. That's Mowgli, played by a child actor named Neel Sethi.
　　　 The rest (5) ____ all digitally created.
Simon: Does that mean he had to act alone
makes
is
looks
is
are
be look make require
Laura: Yes. When he acted alone in front of a green screen, a lot of
　　　 imagination (6) _____________. There was another problem: 　　　
　　　 the digitally created animals had no shadows, but the film team
(7) ___________able to find a solution.
Simon: How was the problem solved
Laura: Light and shadows (8) ______ thrown onto Mowgli with the aid
　　 of a system they developed, showing that animals were moving
　near him.
Simon: That's really interesting and creative!
was required
was/were
were
Practice I
It is important to remember that success _______(be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often _______(take) years to achieve.
The English teacher and class teacher often _______(tell) us something about volunteer workers.
—Did you go to the show last night
—Yeah! Every boy and every girl in the area ___________ ( invite) .
We each_______ (have) strong points, but each of us on the other hand ____（have) weak points.
I suppose twenty dollars ______(be) a big sum to her.
is
takes
tells
was invited
have
has
is
Practice I
The teacher, together with the students _____ discussing Reading Skills that _____ newly published in America.
It is reported that many a new house _____________(build) in the disaster area now.
Mathematics _____ (be) the language of science.
The United States of America _____ (be) one of the most developed countries in the world.
The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities
_____________ (rise) steadily since 1990.
is being built
is
is
has been rising
is
is
Suddenly the arrows ______ (be) flying down at us from the sky.
Usually cattle __________(allow) to eat grass in this area.
A great number of visitors _______________(attract) to my hometown, and the number of foreigners there __________(be) quite large now.
Few people know he and I __________(be) classmates when we were at college.
The injured _____________ (send) to the hospital a few minutes ago.
Practice II
were
are allowed
are attracted
were sent
is
were
Thanks