2024年广东中考英语语法选择特训一（含解析）

中考英语语法选择特训一
（一）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The last day of the camp, for some silly reason, I got into an argument（争论）with another boy. Luckily, 1 didn’t take a long time. One classmate tried his best 2 us. We hadn’t talked since then but only looked coldly at each other from across the room.
Still, I was happy this morning 3 I knew my mom was bringing some pancakes as a treat for my brother, me and our friends. The pancakes 4 by my mom herself. She had been bringing them to us every camp for days. Soon I saw her walking up the sidewalk toward us. I saw her smile as my brother and his friends all 5 the big cut pieces. She made sure what 6 for me—the last two pieces. I thanked her 7 a smile. Then I started to eat when I saw the boy 8 had an argument with me standing off to the side by himself. At that moment, something moved me. I walked over to him and gave him one of the 9 . We talked, laughed and ate. And for some reason unknown to me at the time, the pancake tasted 10 than ever before.
I can see now what moved my heart. A difference was working inside of me—moving me to give, to love and to be friendly. And I am so happy that I followed that guidance.
1．A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself
2．A．separate B．separating C．separated D．to separate
3．A．although B．but C．because D．so
4．A．make B．made C．are made D．were made
5．A．enjoy B．enjoyed C．has enjoyed D．will enjoy
6．A．she saved B．she saves C．did she save D．does she save
7．A．on B．in C．with D．by
8．A．who B．which C．what D．where
9．A．piece’s B．pieces’ C．piece D．pieces
10．A．good B．better C．the better D．the best
（二）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you’re asked which are the world’s most wanted animals, you may think of sharks, sea turtles, or South China tigers. Wait! In fact, they are pangolins (穿山甲).
Pangolins are wild animals living in Africa and Asia. They are strange-looking creatures, covered 11 hard scales (鳞片). They just roll up into a ball to protect 12 from enemies. They mainly feed on termites (白蚁). An adult pangolin eats 500 grams (克) of termites and 13 protect 250 acres (亩) of woodland. Therefore, pangolins 14 “Forest Guard”. However, these shy animals are now endangered. More than one million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years.
In 2016, IUCN added 15 pangolin to the world’s “endangered animal list”. Now pangolins are 16 than pandas. A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline (下降) in number. Many people in Asia and Africa 17 they have medicinal value and their scales are used 18 sick people. However, their scales are just made of Keratin (角蛋白) 19 is the same ingredient in our fingernails.
20 , this situation is getting better. The government now stops anyone from killing or eating pangolins in China. The trade of pangolins across the world is not allowed, either.
11．A．to B．with C．for D．on
12．A．them B．themselves C．they D．their
13．A．can B．need C．must D．should
14．A．call B．called C．are called D．will be called
15．A．the B．an C．a D．/
16．A．endangered B．more endangered C．most endangered D．the most endangered
17．A．believed B．have believed C．believe D．will believe
18．A．treating B．treated C．treat D．to treat
19．A．who B．whom C．when D．which
20．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily
（三）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Once in a village lived two friends, Sam and Mike. One day, they both had to go to 21 village for some work.
On their way, Sam saw a beautiful knife hanging from a tree. He quickly went ahead, 22 it, and shouted happily, “ 23 beautiful knife I have found!” Hearing this, his friend Mike said, “We are traveling together, so you should say that it is our beautiful knife.”
“No, no. I saw this knife and got it. Therefore, it is 24 only,” Sam replied. Saying this, he carried that knife at his waist (腰). Mike didn’t say anything anymore and the two friends started moving forward.
25 they were about to reach the village, a group of people suddenly appeared in front of them. And one of those people caught Sam by the neck saying, “I caught him. He is the killer. He has the knife that 26 to kill two men in our village.”
Hearing the 27 words, Sam got scared and said to Mike, “My friend, we are caught 28 trouble.” But Mike replied, "No, not we. It’s only you who had trouble.”
The villagers all agreed 29 Sam into the jail (监狱). Mike felt bad for his friend and explained everything to the people and got Sam out of that trouble.
Later, Sam thanked Mike for helping him in such a 30 time. He felt sorry for his selfish behavior.
21．A．other B．the other C．another D．others
22．A．has taken B．was taking C．was taken D．took
23．A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
24．A．I B．me C．my D．mine
25．A．When B．After C．Because D．If
26．A．used B．was used C．will use D．will be used
27．A．people B．people’s C．peoples D．peoples’
28．A．in B．at C．on D．of
29．A．put B．puts C．to put D．putting
30．A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult
（四）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There was a woman in Detroit, who had two sons. She was worried 31 them, especially the younger one, Ben, because he was not doing well in school. Boys in his class 32 jokes about him because he seemed so slow.
The mother decided that 33 herself would have to get her sons to do better in school. She told them 34 to the Detroit Public Library to read a book once a week and do a report about it for her.
One day, in Ben’s class, the teacher held up a rock and asked 35 anyone knew it. Ben 36 his hand and the teacher let him speak. “ Why did Ben raise his hand ” They wondered. He never said anything. What could he possibly want to say
Well, Ben not only knew the rock, but also said a lot about it. He named other rocks in its group and even knew where 37 teacher had found it. The teacher and the students were 38 . Ben had learned all this from one of his book reports.
Ben later went to the top of his class. When he finished high school, he went to Yale University and at last became one of 39 doctors in the United States.
After Ben grew up, he learned something about his mother 40 he did not know as a child. She, herself, had never learned how to read.
31．A．with B．for C．about D．at
32．A．make B．made C．will make D．are making
33．A．her B．she’s C．hers D．she
34．A．go B．going C．to go D．went
35．A．because B．until C．so D．if
36．A．put on B．put off C．put up D．put down
37．A．the B．a C．an D．/
38．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprisedly
39．A．good B．better C．best D．the best
40．A．which B．what C．who D．that
（五）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
“It’s 2041. The world is even stranger than fiction (小说)…” This is the beginning of Chen Qiufan’s TED talk. 41 famous science fiction writer doesn’t fear a dark future. Instead, he believes development in AI will make our lives 42 . In the talk, he took us on a tour of the next 20 years of AI. “For every future we wish 43 , we must first learn to imagine it,” he says.
Chen was born and grew up in Shantou. As a teen, he read many science fiction books which 44 home by his father. “I was a young boy who liked to ask questions 45 everything, and I turned to science for answers,” Chen says. “But 46 I found science couldn’t explain everything, I turned to science fiction.”
Since 2004, over thirty stories written by Chen 47 in Science Fiction World and many other magazines. A famous book of 48 is Waste Tide (2013). The story shows readers 49 e-waste pollution changes people’s life. He got the idea of this book from Guiyu, a town near his hometown. It was once the 50 largest e-waste recycling center. The book has won many awards and has been translated into many languages.
41．A．/ B．A C．An D．The
42．A．safer B．safest C．more safely D．the most safely
43．A．create B．creates C．to create D．creating
44．A．bring B．brought C．are brought D．were brought
45．A．about B．with C．for D．to
46．A．though B．when C．unless D．while
47．A．were appearing B．will appear C．appeared D．have appeared
48．A．he B．his C．him D．himself
49．A．how B．who C．what D．whether
50．A．world B．world’s C．worlds D．worlds’
【答案】
A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B
6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B
【分析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和一个小男孩吵架，两个人之后不再说话，后来作者和那个男孩分享了妈妈做的煎饼，并与他和解，这给作者带来了很多快乐。
1．句意：它没有花很长时间。
it它；its它的；it’s它是；itself它自己。在句中作主语用代词主格。故选A。
2．句意：一位同学想尽办法把我们分开。
separate分离，动词原形；separating动名词或现在分词；separated动词过去式或过去分词；to separate动词不定式。try one’s best to do sth.“尽最大努力做某事”。故选D。
3．句意：尽管如此，今天早上我还是很开心，因为我知道我妈妈会带一些薄煎饼作为我哥哥、我和我们的朋友的款待。
although虽然；but但是；because因为；so所以。根据“I was happy this morning...I knew my mom was bringing some pancakes”可知前后两个句子是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
4．句意：煎饼是我妈妈自己做的。
make制作，动词原形；made动词过去式或过去分词；are made一般现在时的被动语态；were made一般过去时的被动语态。主语“The pancakes”和谓语“make”之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
5．句意：我看到她的微笑，因为我的哥哥和他的朋友们都很喜欢这些煎饼。
enjoy喜欢，享受，动词原形；enjoyed动词过去式或过去分词；has enjoyed现在完成时；will enjoy一般将来时。根据“saw”可知句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。
6．句意：她确定了她为我留的东西——最后两块。
she saved陈述语序，一般过去时；she saves陈述语序，一般现在时；did she save疑问语序，一般过去时；does she save疑问语序，一般现在时。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除CD；根据“made sure”可知从句应用一般过去时。故选A。
7．句意：我笑着感谢她。
on在……上面；in在……里；with和；by被，由。根据“a smile”可知此处表示一个伴随的动作，用with。故选C。
8．句意：然后当我开始吃饭时，我看到那个和我吵架的男孩一个人站在一边。
who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；where引导定语从句，先行词是地点，在从句中作地点状语。句子是定语从句，先行词是人“the boy”，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选A。
9．句意：我走到他身边，给了他一块。
piece’s一片的；pieces’很多片的；piece一片；pieces名词复数。one of后加名词复数，表示“……之一”，此处表示两块中的一块。故选D。
10．句意：不知道是什么原因，煎饼的味道比以往任何时候都好。
good好的，形容词原形；better更好的，比较级；the better特指“更好的那个”；the best最好的。根据“than”可知前用形容词的比较级，且无特指之意，用better。故选B。
【答案】
B 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．D 20．C
【分析】
【导语】本文讲述了目前濒危的动物——穿山甲。它们主要生活在亚洲和非洲地区，被称为“森林卫士”，然而它们面临着被捕杀的危险，但目前情况有所好转。
11．句意：它们是长相奇特的生物，身上覆盖着坚硬的鳞片。
to到；with用；for为了；on在……上面。根据“They are...covered...hard scales”可知这里考查be covered with“被……覆盖”，故选B。
12．句意：它们只是蜷缩成一团来保护自己不受敌人伤害。
them它们（宾格）；themselves它们自己；they它们（主格）；their它们的。根据前文“They just roll up into a ball”可推断，它们蜷缩成一团的目的是保护“它们自己”。故选B。
13．句意：一只成年穿山甲吃500克的白蚁，并能保护250英亩的林地。
can能够；need需要；must必须；should应该。根据后文“Forest Guard”可知，穿山甲被称为森林护卫的原因是它们“能够”保护林地，can表示“能够”。故选A。
14．句意：因此，穿山甲被称为“森林卫士”。
call称作（动词原形）；called称作（过去式）；are called被称为（一般现在时的被动语态）；will be called将被成为（一般将来时的被动语态）。分析句子可知“穿山甲被称为“森林卫士””属于一般现在时的表达，且属于被动语态，故选C。
15．句意：2016年，世界自然保护联盟将穿山甲列入世界“濒危动物名录”。
the这个，表特指；an一个，表示泛指（用于元音音素开头发音的单词前）；a一个，表示泛指（用于辅音音素开头发音的单词前）；/不填。分析句子可知这里特指“穿山甲这种动物”，the + 单数名词可表示一类事物，故选A。
16．句意：现在穿山甲比熊猫更濒危。
endangered濒危的（原级）； more endangered更濒危的；（比较级）；most endangered最濒危的；the most endangered最濒危的。根据前文“ than pandas”可知，这里用形容词的比较级，故选B。
17．句意：亚洲和非洲的许多人认为它们有药用价值，它们的鳞片被用来治疗病人。
believed相信（过去时）；have believed相信（现在完成时）；believe相信（一般现在时）；will believe（一般将来时）。根据后文“and their scales are used”可知“and”前后时态一致，故这里用一般现在时，故选C。
18．句意：亚洲和非洲的许多人认为它们有药用价值，它们的鳞片被用来治疗病人。
treating对的（现在分词）；treated对待（过去式）；treat对待（动词原形）；to treat对待（动词不定式）。根据前文“their scales are used”可知这里考查use sth to do“用……做某事”，故选D。
19．句意：然而，它们的鳞片是由角蛋白构成的，角蛋白是我们指甲中的相同成分。
who（先行词为人）；whom（who的宾格）；when（先行词为时间）；which（先行词为物）。分析句子可知本句为定语从句，由“Keratin”可知先行词为事物，故选D。
20．句意：幸运的是，情况变得好多了。
Luck运气，名词；Lucky幸运的，形容词；Luckily幸运地，副词；Unluckily不幸地，副词。根据后文“this situation is getting better. ”可知情况有所好转是幸运的，填空处需要副词表示“幸运的是”，故选C。
【答案】
C 22．D 23．B 24．D 25．A
26．B 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文通过山姆捡到刀，迈克在困难时刻解救他的故事告诉我们，任何时候都不要自私。
21．句意：有一天，他们都要去另一个村子干活。
other其它的，后接名词复数；the other另一个（些），指两者中另一个，或后接名词复数；another其它的，指三者以上的另一个；others其它的，后面不接名词。根据空后是名词单数，且此处指不确定的三者以上的另一个，所以用another。故选C。
22．句意：他迅速地走在前面，拿起它，高兴地喊道:“我找到了多么漂亮的小刀！”
has taken已经拿起；现在完成时；was taking过去进行时；was taken一般过去时的被动语态；took过去式。根据后面的并列动词“and shouted happily,”可知，此处用过去式。故选D。
23．句意：我找到了多么漂亮的小刀！
What后接名词复数或不可数名词；What a后接可数名词单数，且a后单词是以辅音音素开头；What an 后接可数名词单数，且an后单词是以元音音素开头；How后接形容词或副词。根据空后是名词单数knife，且beautiful是以辅音音素开头，所以用what a。故选B。
24．句意：因此，它只是我的。
I我，人称代词主格；me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。此处是表达刀是我的，且空后无名词，所以用名词性物主代词。故选D。
25．句意：当他们快要到达村庄时，一群人突然出现在他们面前。
When当……时；After在……之后 ；Because因为；If如果。前面是后面主句的时间状语，所以用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。
26．句意：他有那把杀死我们村里两个人的刀。
used用，过去式；was used被使用，一般过去时的被动形式；will use将会用，一般将来时；will be used将会被用，一般将来时的被动形式。定语从句的关系词that在句中作主语，所以动词由先行词决定，动词与knife之间存在被动关系，且动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
27．句意：听到人们的话，山姆害怕了。
people人们；people’s人们的，所用格形式；peoples错误表达；peoples’错误表达。people单复数形式一致，排除选项C和D；此处用所用格形式修饰后面名词words。故选B。
28．句意：我的朋友，我们遇到麻烦了。
in在……里；at在；on在……上；of……的。此处是catch in trouble“遇上麻烦”，固定短语。故选A。
29．句意：村民们都同意把萨姆关进监狱。
put放；puts动词三单形式；to put动词不定式形式；putting现在分词形式。agree to do sth“同意做某事”，固定短语。故选C。
30．句意：后来，山姆感谢迈克在这么困难的时候帮助他。
difficult困难的；more difficult更困难的；most difficult最困难的；the most difficult最困难的。空前用a，此处无比较，所以用原级，in such a difficult time“在如此困难时刻”。故选A。
【答案】
C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了Ben由一个学习落后的孩子成长为一名出色的医生的经历。
31．句意：她很担心他们。
with带有；for为了；about关于；at在。be worried about“担心”，固定搭配，故选C。
32．句意：他班上的男生都拿他开玩笑，因为他看起来太慢了。
make动词原形；made动词过去式；will make一般将来时；are making现在进行时。根据seemed可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。
33．句意：这位母亲决定，她自己必须让儿子们在学校表现得更好。
her她/她的；she’s她是；hers她的；she她。此空在句中作主语，应填人称代词主格，故选D。
34．句意：她让他们每周去底特律公共图书馆读一本书，并为她做一篇关于这本书的报告。
go动词原形；going动名词；to go动词不定式；went动词过去式。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人去做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故选C。
35．句意：一天，在Ben的课上，老师举起一块石头问有没有人知道。
because因为；until直到；so因此；if是否。根据“asked … anyone knew it”可知，询问是否有人知道，故选D。
36．句意：Ben举手，老师让他说话 。
put on穿上；put off推迟；put up举起；put down放下。根据“his hand and the teacher let him speak”可知，Ben举手发言，故选C。
37．句意：他说出了这群石头中其他石头的名字，甚至知道老师是在哪里找到它的。
the特指；a一个，用于以辅音音素开头；an一个，用于以元音音素开头；/不填。此空特指前文提到的老师，故应填冠词the，故选A。
38．句意：老师和学生很惊讶。
surprise惊讶；surprised感到惊讶的；surprising令人惊讶的；surprisedly惊讶地。were后接形容词作表语，修饰人要用以ed为结尾的形容词，故选B。
39．句意：高中毕业后，他去了耶鲁大学，最后成为美国最好的医生之一。
good好的，形容词原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级；the best最好，最高级。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，故选D。
40．句意：Ben长大后，他知道了一些他小时候不知道的关于他母亲的事情。
which哪一个；what什么；who谁；that引导从句无实际意义。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是something，用关系词that引导定语从句，故选D。
【答案】
D 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．A
46．B 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了科幻作家陈楸帆及其作品。
41．句意：这位著名的科幻作家并不害怕黑暗的未来。
/零冠词；A不定冠词，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；An不定冠词，用在以元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词。根据上文“This is the beginning of Chen Qiufan’s TED talk.”和空后“famous science fiction writer”可知空处特指上文提到的科幻作家陈楸帆，所以用定冠词。故选D。
42．句意：相反，他认为人工智能的发展将使我们的生活更安全。
safer更安全的；safest最安全的；more safely更安全地；the most safely最安全地。分析句子成分和空前“make our lives”可知这里应用形容词作宾语补足语，排除选项C和D；结合语境和前一句“The famous science fiction writer doesn’t fear a dark future.”可知他并未惧怕未来，而是相信未来更加安全。故选A。
43．句意：“对于我们希望创造的每一个未来，我们必须首先学会想象它，”他说。
create动词原形；creates动词三单；to create动词不定式；creating动名词或现在分词。结合语境和空前“wish”可知本句用“wish to do sth希望做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式。故选C。
44．句意：十几岁的时候，他读了很多由父亲带回家的科幻小说。
bring动词原形；brought动词过去式或过去分词；are brought一般现在时被动，主语是第二人称或复数；were brought一般过去时被动，主语是第二人称或复数。分析句子结构可知本句包含一个定语从句，先行词“many science fiction books”是复数，与从句谓语“带来bring”是动宾关系，所以这里用被动语态；由“As a teen”可知本句用一般过去时，因此空处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
45．句意：“我是一个喜欢问问题的小男孩，我向科学寻求答案，”陈说。
about关于；with和……在一起；for给；to朝。结合语境和空前后“ask questions”和“everything”可知他小时候会问有关每件事情的问题，所以这里用介词about。故选A。
46．句意：“但当我发现科学无法解释一切时，我转向了科幻小说。”
though尽管；when在……时候；unless除非；while与……同时，后接延续性动词。结合语境可知当陈楸帆发现科学无法解释时，就向科幻小说寻求帮助，所以这里用连词when。故选B。
47．句意：自2004年以来，陈的三十多篇小说发表在《科幻世界》和许多其他杂志上。
were appearing过去进行时，主语是第二人称或复数；will appear一般将来时；appeared一般过去时；have appeared现在完成时，主语是第二人称或复数。结合语境和时间状语“Since 2004”可知本句用现在完成时，表示从2004年一直到现在陈楸帆都在发表科幻小说。故选D。
48．句意：他的一本名著是2013年的《荒潮》。
he他，主格；his他的；him他，宾格；himself他自己。结合语境和常识可知《荒潮》是陈楸帆众多科幻小说中的一本，所以本句用双重所有格，因此空处用his，构成“名词+of+名词性物主代词”的结构。故选B。
49．句意：该故事向读者展示了电子垃圾污染如何改变人们的生活。
how如何；who谁；what什么；whether是否。分析句子结构可知本句包含一个宾语从句，宾语从句不缺主要成分，排除选项B和C；根据前一句“A famous book of his is Waste Tide (2013).”和常识可知《荒潮》这部小说介绍了电子垃圾污染如何改变了人们的生活，所以这里用how。故选A。
50．句意：它曾经是世界上最大的电子垃圾回收中心。
world世界；world’s世界的；worlds“世界”的复数；worlds’复数“世界”的名词所有格。结合语境和空前后“the”以及“largest e-waste recycling center”可知贵屿镇曾经是世界上最大的电子垃圾回收中心，这里用“世界world”的名词所有格。故选B。