Unit 8 A green world Grammar 讲义 （含答案） 2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册

Unit 8 A green world
Grammar
知识点：
1. You will be punished if you cut down a tree. 如果你砍树，你将会受到惩罚。
2. When is the show going to be held 表演什么时候举行？
hold作动词，意为“举行、举办”，相当于 。
还可意为“抓住；保持”。
hold on 坚持住；等一等, 别挂电话
catch hold of 抓住；握住；拥有
hold a meeting 举行会议；召开会议；开会
3. Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. 污染是当今世界最大的问题之一。
pollution作不可数名词，意为“污染；污染物”。它的动词形式是 ，意为“污染”。
pollute sth with sth 某物受到某物的污染
4. In some cities, the air is filled with pollution. 在一些城市中，空气充满了污染。
be filled with=
5. As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. 和人一样，动物也受到污染的伤害。
as well as意为“也；还；除...之外（也）”，常用来连接两个并列的成分，as well as后的内容只是顺便提及，强调的是as well as连接的另一项。
As well as...., ...........
......as well as......
harm作动词，意为“伤害，损害”；
作不可数名词，意为“伤害” 。
do harm to...= be harmful to对...有害
6. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed/are going to be killed by pollution. 如果我们不采取行动改善环境，更多的生物将会被污染杀死。
act to do sth = take action to do sth采取行动做某事
living adj. 活着的 活的 作定语 修饰人\物 living sth/sb 强调“尚在人间，健在”这一现状
alive 活着的 作表语、补足语、后置定语 与“死”dead相对 多用于指人，也可指物 be alive make sb/sth alive sth/sb alive
lively 活泼的 有生气的 作表语、定语、宾语补足语 用来修饰或补充说明人或物
live v. 生活 常与介词in连用
adv 现场直播地 常用作状语，修饰动词
living n. 生计、谋生 make a living谋生
7. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. 我们所有人都将有机会思考我们周围的世界。
8.一般将来时的被动语态
基本结构
肯定句：will be done/be going to be done
否定句：will not be done/be not going to be done
一般疑问句：--Will...be done.. --Yes...will./No...won’t.
--Be...going to be done... --Yes...is/am/are./No...isn’t/am not/aren’t.
用法
①表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动动作
The new film will be shown next Friday.
②在时间、条件状语从句中，主将从现（从句:一般现在时的被动语态）
If I am given enough time, I will go to Hainan for my holiday.
③表示有固定性条件就会有规律性被动结果
If you talk in class, you will be punished.
同步练习
一、根据句意及中文提示完成单词
1. The students want to_______(举行) a fashion show.
2. The poor girl was laughed at_______(被，由) the unfriendly boys.
3. We think it important for us not to_______(污染) the environment.
4. The pictures of the brave doctors and nurses are_______(展示) on the wall.
5. Almost everybody knows that air pollution_______(hurt) our health.
6. Don’t show_______(a printed sheet of paper with information) carelessly on the ground.
7. Do you know who_______(to fix sth. so that others try to achieve it) the record
8. -What do you sell used books for
-To_______money for some charities.
答案：1. hold 2. by 3. pollute 4. displayed 5. harms 6. leaflets 7. set 8. raise
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Choose_______(wise) how you spend your limited time.
2. There are many_______(different) between living in a big city and living in the country.
3. We know that UN is an international_______(organize), not a country.
4. We shall take the old newspaper and the empty bottles for_______(recycle).
5. People should take action at once to protect our natural_______(resource).
答案：1. wisely 2. differences 3. organization 4. recycling 5. resources
三、单项选择
( ) 1. Please don’t talk in class until you_______.
A. were told to B. are told to C. were told D. are told
( ) 2. There are some restaurants_______toy shops in the town.
A. too B. also C. as well D. as well as
( ) 3. Each year a lot of food_______around the world. It’s time for us to do something.
A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted
( ) 4. More money_______when we start to reuse water and paper.
A. will save B. was saved C. has saved D. will be saved
( ) 5. About 1000 cars_______in the factory next month.
A. will be produced B. will produce C. were produced D. produce
( ) 6. Jim_______clean up the classroom this morning.
A. was seen to B. seen C. saw to D. saw
( ) 7. -How soon_______all the work_______
-In a week.
A. will, complete B. is, going to complete C. is, going to be completed D. are, completed
( ) 8. -There aren’t any libraries in our town, are there
-No, but it is said that one_______next year.
A. will be built B. is built C. will build D. has built
( ) 9. -Are you going to Sam’s birthday party the day after tomorrow
-I’m not sure. I will go with you if I_______.
A. will invite B. invite C. am invited D. will be invited
( ) 10. -When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports centre
-Not until the work_______tomorrow.
A. will be finished B. is finished C. will finish D. has finished
( ) 11. In many places in China, the old over 90_______not only by their families but also by the government.
A. is taking good care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care
( ) 12. We humans, animals and plants are all_______things. Air and water keep us_______.
A. living, alive B. alive, living C. living, living D. alive, alive
答案：1-5 BDBDA 6-10 ACACB 11-12 BA
四、句型转换
1. People will plant many trees on both sides of the road.(改为被动语态)
Many trees will_______ _______on both sides of the road.
2. The charity show is going to be held next Sunday.(对画线部分提问)
_______ _______the charity show going to be held
3. How many books will the teacher give us (改为被动语态)
How many books will_______ _______to us by the teacher
4. People often see the boy run in the park.(改为被动语态)
The boy is often_______ _______run in the park.
5. I will go to the park. The work will be finished.(合并为一句)
I will go to the park if the work_______ _______.
答案：1. be planted 2. When is 3. be given 4. seen to 5. is finished