(共26张PPT)
Oxford English
Period 3
Grammar
Oxford English
Unit
1
Module 1 Social communication
Helping those in need
动词不定式作宾语
I wanted to help disabled children.
We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.
I will continue to do voluntary work in the future.
宾语
Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.
She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home.
1
基本形式：to + 动词原形（有时可不用to）
否定形式：not + (to+) 动词原形
动词不定式的构成
1. 三个希望两答应
hope wish expect
agree promise
一个要求莫拒绝
demand refuse
设法 学会做决定
manage learn decide
不要假装在选择
pretend choose
+to do sth
1
鼓励 主动提出
encourage
offer
计划
plan
想要 需要
want/would like
need
+
to do sth
Annie taught Tim to sing beautiful songs.
We want them to be happy.
宾语补足语
We taught them to tell stories.
2
动词不定式作宾补
ask sb to do sth
要求；请求
advise sb to do sth建议
allow sb to do sth 允许
encourage sb to do sth鼓励
expect sb to do sth期待
force sb to do sth 强迫
help sb （to） do sth 帮助
invite sb to do sth邀请
order sb to do sth命令
remind sb to do sth提醒
teach sb to do sth 教
tell sb to do sth告诉
want sb to do sth想要
would like sb to do sth想要
warn sb to do sth 警告
warn him to be careful
wish sb to do sth希望
persuade sb to do sth劝说
promise sb to do sth 答应；许诺
注意：不定式的否定形式是
not to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
tell sb. not to do sth.
三使某人做某事
let
make sb do sth
have
3
不带to的动词不定式
+ do sth.
e.g. I would rather stay in the room.
Why don’t you go out to play, Rose
Why not …,
Why don’t you …,
had better (not) …,
would rather宁愿…,
Could/Would/Will please (not) …
不带to的动词不定式
疑问词（when, what, where,
which, who，how, ) + to do
I don’t know what to do next. (做什么)
how to do it. （怎样做）
(去哪里)
(什么时候出发)
(选择哪个)
where to go
when to leave
which one to choose
+ to do/ doing 意思相同的词
begin/start to do sth.
doing sth.
开始做某事
2. continue to do sth.
doing sth.
继续做某事
3
3. like/love to do sth.
doing sth.
喜欢做某事
+ to do/ doing 意思不同的词
forget to do sth.
doing sth.
忘记去做某事忘记做过某事
2. remember to do sth.
doing sth.
记得去做某事
记得做过某事
3. stop to do sth.
doing sth.
停下来做另一件事
停止正在做的事
4
4. try to do sth. 尽力去做
doing sth. 尝试做某事
5. go on to do sth.继续做另外一件事情
doing sth.继续做同一件事
动词 + do/doing 意思不同的词 ：
see
notice
watch sb do/doing
look at
hear
listen to
四看两听某人做某事的全过程/正在做某事
Translate the following into English.
1.答应做某事__________________
2. 拒绝做某事___________________
3.记得要做某事_________________
4. 忘记要做某事__________________
5. 假装做某事 _________________
6. 设法做成某事 _________________
7. 尽力做某事 __________________
8. 想要做某事 _____________________
9. 开始做某事 ____________________
10. 喜欢做某事 ___________________
promise to do sth
refuse to do sth
remember to do sth.
forget to do sth.
pretend to do sth.
manage to do sth.
try to do sth.
want to do sth.
begin to do sth / start to do sth.
like to do sth.
Translation
建议某人做某事
允许某人做某事
教某人做某事
告诉某人做某事
叫某人做某事
让某人做某事
迫使某人做某事
想要某人做某事
警告某人做某事
鼓励某人做某事
advise sb. to do sth.
allow sb. to do sth.
teach sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
ask sb. to do sth.
let sb. do sth.
make sb. do sth.
want sb. to do sth.
warn sb. to do sth.
encourage sb. to do sth.
做某事是为了什么
I had to work hard to earn money.
我不得不努力工作赚钱。
He stayed at home to finish his homework.
他留在家完成作业。
动词不定式作状语表目的
I went there him the news.
to tell
They started early in order to get there in time.
= In order to get there in time, they started early.
为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。
in order to do …可加强语气或使目的意义更加清楚。
She is running quickly in order to catch the train.
为了赶火车，她正飞快地跑着。
Translate the following sentences into English.
杰克想让我给他带些漫画书。
卡西建议他们打车。
爷爷让我把盐递给他。
妈妈提醒我晚饭不要迟到。
Jack wanted me to bring him some comic
books.
Cathy advised them to take a taxi.
My grandpa asked me to pass him the salt.
My mum reminded me not to be late for dinner.
此to 非彼to
look forward to doing sth. （盼望）
pay attention to doing sth. （注意）
be used to doing sth. （习惯于）
prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜欢）
notice
listen to
hear
watch
五看
see
look at
observe
三使
let
make
have
二听
一感觉:
feel
+ sb. do sth.
（不带to）
Part A on P7
We decided to meet Vivien today. We _______
(want / help) help in some way. When we
arrived, Vivien was very happy. She ________
(begin / talk) to me about her school. She said,
“I ____________(like / go ) to school, but I
don’t have any friends. I feel lonely.”
Mum gave her some advice. Then Mum asked
me to give Vivien her present, but I ________
(forget / bring) it! Vivien said, “It’s OK. I
__________(hope / see) you again soon.”
wanted to help
began to talk
like to go
forgot to bring
hope to see
C Use the information in the reports on page 3 to answer these questions. Use
the correct infinitives in your answers.
to organize
to take
to help
to bring(共15张PPT)
Unit 1 Helping those in need
Reading 1
In your daily life, who needs our help most and why
Helping those in need
The disabled
The sick people
The old
The children in poor areas
......
have trouble/difficulty doing ...
feel lonely
in low spirits
need friendship
There are many kinds of voluntary work. Can you match the activities with the
Pictures below Write the correct letters in the boxes.
What do you know about …
1
1
2
3
4
b
c
d
a
Share your experience
Have you ever taken part in any voluntary work Share it with your classmates.
I offered to do ......
Before you read
2
What are the names of the three teenagers？
What did they offer to do during the school holidays
Betty, Mark and Annie.
They offered to do some voluntary work
during the school holidays.
Read the title, introduction and the writers’ names on page 3. Then answer the following questions.
Look at the pictures, the writers’ names and the first sentence of each report on page 3. Write the correct names in the blanks.
1 I talked to children without parents. ____________
2 I helped sick children. ____________
3 I taught disabled children to sing. ____________
Mark
Annie
Betty
I did some voluntary work in a children’s hospital.
There are many children without parents.
I wanted to help disabled children.
While you read
3
Read Betty’s report and answer the following questions.
In a children’s hospital.
They all suffer from serious illnesses.
They organized a painting competition for the children.
Cindy.
Betty went to the park near Cindy’s home and took some photos of it. Cindy used the photos for her painting.
Where did Betty do voluntary work
What is wrong with the children there
What did Betty and other volunteers do for the children
Whom did Betty help the most
How did Betty help Cindy
Read Mark’s report and complete the following.
Mark’s voluntary work
They have lost their parents.
He taught the children to tell
stories.
Because he thinks it can help
the children express their
feelings.
Vivien
What is wrong with the children there
What did Mark do
Why did Mark do this
Who did Mark and his
mother visit
What’s wrong with the children there
What did Annie do
Why did Annie do this
What id Annie try to do for Tim
Read Annie’s report and complete the following.
Annie’s voluntary work
They have difficulty
walking or moving.
She taught them
to sing.
Because she thinks
music can bring them
joy and peace.
She tried to raise his spirits.
Read the reports again and give a summary
First report Betty talks about how she and other volunteers helped ____________________________ in a children’s hospital by _______________________________.
Second report Mark tells how he and his mother helped _____________________________ by ________
___________________________.
Third report Annie tells how she helped _________
_____________ by ________________
__________.
children with serious illnesses
organizing a painting competition
teaching
them to tell stories
children without parents
disabled
children
teaching them
to sing
4
C1 The words in italics are from the reports on page 3. Circle the correct
answers to complete these sentences.
Vocabulary
5
Vocabulary
6
difficulty express lonely offer voluntary work
Joe wanted to do (1)_________________ during the summer holidays, so he (2)____________ to help at a local hospital.
Every Saturday, he went there to look after the patients. One of them had (3)____________ walking, so he helped him move around. Another one could not see. Joe read news and funny stories to her so that she did not feel (4)____________. Joe also talked with the patients. This helped them (5)____________ their feelings.
Joe enjoyed helping people. He will continue to help at the hospital in his free time.
voluntary work
offered
difficulty
C2 Complete the passage below with the words from the box. Change their
forms if necessary.
lonely
express
Comprehension
7
suffers from a serious illness
paint a picture of
D1 Read the reports on page 3 and complete the notice below.
take some photos of it
a car accident
unhappy
and lonely
hurt
his legs in an accident
sing
raise their spirits中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8B Unit 1 Reading 学案
Ⅰ Learning Targets
Knowledge Target知识目标 Understand the general idea of the text. 读懂课文大意。Get familiar with expressions about report. 熟悉与汇报相关的表达。
Ability Target能力目标 Practice skimming and scanning skills. 练习快速阅读技能。Improve reading and comprehensive ability.提高朗读与理解能力
Emotion Target情感目标 Cooperate with partners.学会合作。
ⅡLearning Strategies
(1) Self-study (2) Group cooperation (3) Group competition
Ⅲ Learning Preparation (level A&B)
Self-experience
1) Daily sentence: There are many kinds of voluntary work.
_____________________________________________________________________2) Daily reading 每日阅读:
Smiling is the best way of making friends.
When I was thirteen ___1___old, my father found a job in the city. So my family moved there. I also came to a __2___ school near where we live. My old school was far away. At first, I did not know anyone in my class. I was very lonely __3___. I was afraid to make friends with my classmates. I __4___ talk to anyone about my problem, and I didn’t want my parents to ___5__ me.
Then one day, something good happened. I was sitting at my desk __6__ as usual while my classmates were talking happily with each other. At that moment, __7___ came into the classroom. I didn’t know who he was. He passed me and then turned back. He looked _8___ me and, without a word, smiled. Suddenly, I felt happy, lively and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with the other classmates and made friends. Day by day, I became __9___ to everyone in my class.
__10___the smile, I have moved on to a new life. Now, I believe that the world is what you think it is. So smile at the world and it will smile back.
A. days B. weeks C. months D. years
A. old B. new C. same D. easy
A. because B. before C. after D. if
A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
A. talk to B. look after C. worry about D. ask for
A. early B. unhappily C. quickly D. wonderfully
A. a girl B. a boy C. some girls D. some boys
A. of B. on C. at D. into
A. closer B. older C. cooler D. colder
A. Instead of B. Look forward to C. Pay attention to D. Thanks to
Ⅳ Learning Procedures
Activity 1. Pre-reading 读前准备。
a. Think and say: What do you know about voluntary work
b. Brainstorm: What can you do for the voluntary work？
c. Part A What do you know about… Part B Before you read… (On page 2)
Activity2: Read the text and write T/F . (Level A &B) 读课文，填对错.（ ）
（ ）1.Betty did some voluntary work in a children’s hospital.
（ ）2.Mark went to help the children without parents with his friends.
（ ）3.Annie will not do voluntary work in the future any more.
Activity3: Read the passage and fill in the blanks. (Level A &B) 读课文，填表格.
people they helped voluntary work
Betty
Mark
Annie
Activity 4：Careful reading for Report 1.
1. Find out the key phrases on P1.
1).帮助某人 = =
Read the introduction &Report 1 after the recording and find out the key phrases. 读引言与第一份报告，划出重要词组。
2).主动提出做某事 3).在学校放假期间
4).义务性工作 5).因…受苦；受折磨
6).组织一次绘画竞赛 7).一个叫Cindy的女孩
8).想要做某事 = =
9).拍一些。。。的照片 10).将某物用于某事
2. Discuss and learn the following language points carefully.
1）原句再现：I did some voluntary work in a children’s hospital.我在一家儿童医院做义务性工作。
儿童医院是“儿童的医院”，因此为 这种结构叫做名词所有格，
儿童宫是“儿童活动的地方”，因此为
儿童节是“儿童的节日”，因此为
想一想：这些节日怎么说？妇女节 教师节
愚人节 父亲节 母亲节
2）原句再现We organized a painting competition for them.我们为他们组织了一次绘画竞赛。
此处，v-ing作定语，修饰名词
歌唱竟赛 演讲竞赛
想一想：你可以举出更多的例子吗？
会飞的机器 洗衣机
睡美人 睡袋
游泳池 教学楼
。。。
Activity5：Read Report 2 after the recording and find out the key phrases. 读第二份报告，划出重要词组。
11).教某人做某事 12).帮（某人）做某事
13).表达某人的感受 14).与某人共度时光
15). 感到孤独 16). 继续做某事 =
Activity 6: Careful reading for Report 3.
1.Read Report 3 after the recording and find out the key phrases.读第三份报告，划出重要词组。
17). 做某事有麻烦或困难 =
18).带给某人某物 19). 伤到腿
20). 需要做某事 21).使。。。振奋 =
22). 在未来
2. Discuss and learn the following language points carefully.
原句再现：We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.我们需要帮助诸如Tim一类的孩子，并且使他们振奋起来。
①like在此处不是动词（v.），而是介词(prep.), 意为“例如”，相当于such as
Many things can be recycled like glass, paper and water. 很多东西都可以被重复利用，比如玻璃、纸和水。
②like作介词还有“相像、类似”的意思。
e.g. He is like his father. =He looks like his father.
She eats like a pig.
Activity 7: Read the text to the teacher or the group leader.( Level A & B) .
Level A students try to recite the story in class.
到老师或组长处过关朗读. A层同学尽量在课堂上背诵课文.
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共14张PPT)
8B Unit 1
Helping Those in Need
raise (v. )
We raised some money for the Project of
Hope.
2.If you answer the teacher’s questions, you
must raise your hand.
3.The book raises many important questions.
4.The local government raised the price of house.
5.They were both raised in a poor family.
筹募 （钱）
举起
提出
增加，提高
养育
They decided to offer Jo the job.
→They decided to offer the job to Jo.
他们决定让乔做这份工作。
offer v. 主动提出 offer sth. (to sb.)/ offer sb. sth.
跟双宾语的常见动词有：
（to）give show pass bring
(如：give sth. to sb= give sb sth)
（for）make cook buy get
(如：buy sth. for sb= buy sb sth)
他患有重感冒。
suffer v. 受苦，受折磨
suffer from sth.
n. suffering
He suffers from a bad cold.
permission n. 允许 v. permit
没有允许，你不能进入老师办公室。
_________________, you mustn’t enter the
teachers’office.
permit sb. to do sth. = allow sb. to do sth.
允许某人做某事
permit --- permitted ---- permitted
Without permission
Parents don’t permit children to stay up late.
serious （adj.) 严重的,严肃的
seriously (adv.)严重地= badly
Believe me, I'm extremely____________ .
相信我，我绝对是认真的。
His legs were ______ hurt, so he couldn’t walk
any farther.
serious
seriously
ill (adj.) 生病的; 坏的
illness (n.) 疾病=disease
fall ill 病倒了
feel ill 感觉不舒服、生病了
Tim didn’t attend school because he was_____
in bed.
Tim didn’t attend school because of his _____.
ill
illness
organize （v.) 组织; 策划
organizer (n.) 组织者
organization (n.) 组织
The school ___________the English speaking
Competition.
The aim of this ________is to help the people in need.
Tom is one of the _________ in this activity.
organized
organization
organizers
lonely (adj.) 孤独的，寂寞的
alone (adj.) = by oneself
/ on one’s own
单独的，独自的
She lives ______ and often feels ________.
alone
lonely
joy (n.) = happiness / pleasure
高兴，喜悦，快乐
joyful (adj.)
joyfully (adv.)
to one’s joy 使某人高兴的是….
Looking after the baby is both painful and
____.
They greeted him _______.
We should study with ________.
joyful
joyfully
joy
to one’s _____________ (激动)
_____________ （惊讶）
_____________ （伤心）
______________ 失望
excitement
surprise
sadness
disappointment
peace n.和平
adj. peaceful
express : (v.) 表达
expression (n.) 表达;表情; 习惯用语(常用复数)
Words cannot ______ how pleased I am.
言语无法表达我的愉快心情。
Teenagers often have difficulty ________
themselves.
青少年在表达思想方面常常有困难。
express
expressing
习惯用复数的名词有：
1 成双成对出现的名词 如：chopsticks
shoes……
2 feelings, instructions, congratulations,
thanks, greetings , wishes…中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8B U 1 Vocabulary 学案
Ⅰ Learning Targets
Knowledge Target知识目标 Let students understand、read and spell the new words and phrases correctly. 学生能了解、正确拼读生词、词组。
Ability Target能力目标 Get students to improve their ability of spelling and make them memorize the words and phrases effectively.提高学生的拼读能力、促进学生有效识记生词、词组。
Emotion Target情感目标 Train the students’ attention and how to keep their mood quiet.训练学生的注意力及如何保持心态平稳。
Ⅱ Learning Strategies
(1)Self-study (2) Group cooperation
Ⅲ Learning Preparation (level A&B)
Self-experience
1) Daily sentence(每日句子): Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.
2) Daily dictation(每日听写): ____________________________
3) Daily reading(每日阅读):
Michelle, a famous lady, has found that more than 25% students are too fat in her country. It is a very serious problem. So she starts a health program to deal with it. The health program is to reduce the amount of fat students today and in the future.
The program will get families, schools, newspapers, magazines and TVs to join together and deal with the students’ obesity so that students will be at a healthier weight. The program includes: Food stores should sell healthier foods. Schools should serve healthier meals with less fat and should also offer gym classes.
The lady is trying to fight the students’ obesity all over the country because it can cause illnesses and higher health cost. She wants the students to eat right, exercise more and control their weight. She also wants the students to understand it is important to have less sweet food, and drink water, milk and fresh juices, but not to choose cokes. At the same time she has also set a good example by planting a vegetable garden. She hopes that the garden will encourage more people to plant one too.
The health program is really helpful to the students today and in the future. As she says, we cannot always build the future for youth, but we can build our youth for the future.
1. In Michelle’s country over _______ of the students are too fat.
A. 75% B. a quarter C. a half D. 15%
2. The word “obesity” in the second paragraph means ________ in Chinese.
A. 厌食症 B. 抑郁症 C. 肥胖症 D. 强迫症
3. What does the lady want the shops to do
A. To offer gym classes. B. To plant a vegetable garden.
C. To serve meals with less fat. D. To sell healthier foods.
4. It’s a good way for fat student to have ______ every day.
A. more vegetables B. sweet foods C. many cokes D. much fat
5. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. The lady introduces healthy drinks. B. The lady cares about food cost.
C. The lady fights obesity in students. D. The lady feel worried about the height.
more than 多余，超过; 近义词：over
deal with 对付；处理
set a good example 树立好榜样
serious adj. 严肃的，严重的；认真的
reduce vt. 减少；缩小
fight vi. 与…斗争；
control vt. 控制
fresh adj 新鲜的
encourage vt. 鼓励，激励
helpful adj. 有帮助的，有益的
youth n. 青年，青春
Ⅳ Learning Procedures
Activity1: Read the new words after the tape and know about some new words according to some pictures. (Level A&B) 听录音，读单词；看图片，学单词。
Activity 2: Guess the word according to the following phrases. 根据所给的英文解释写出相应单词。(Level A)
Key words:
raise vt. 筹集；提升；增加
【拓展1】第三人称单数： 过去式：
过去分词： 现在分词：
【搭配】 筹钱： 提 问：
【拓展2】辨析：raise \ rise区别
rise—-rose—-risen—-rising
rise vi. 提升，上升，增加; 主语为物，不及物动词。
raise vt. 主语为人。
eg. The moon rises and bathes the village.
They raised the money to help the people in need.
permission =agreement n.准时；批准
【拓展】permit v. 许可，准时，默许
permit sb. to do sth = allow sb.to do sth. permit doing sth.= allow doing sth.
第三人称单数： 过去式：
过去分词： 现在分词：
disabled adj.有伤残的，丧失能力的，不中用的
【拓展】disable V.=make sb unable to do sth.使无能力；使伤残
第三人称单数： 过去式：
过去分词：
enable v.=make sb do sth.
able adj. 有能力的 —unable adj.不能做··· be unable to do sth
ability n. 能力
offer v./n. 提供, 主动提出
【搭配】offer to do sth. = be willing to do sth 主动提出做某事
给某人提供某物 =
【拓展】同义词：provide
给某人提供某物 =
eg. He offered a cup of tea to me. = He offered me a cup of tea.
suffer v.经受（痛苦）、受苦
【拓展】suffering n.痛苦
【搭配】suffer from 受…之苦，受折磨，患…病
eg. He is suffering from toothache these days.
serious adj.严重的、严肃的
【拓展】seriously adv. 严重地、严肃地 = badly
seriously ill 患重病
seriously hurt受重伤
7. illness n.（某种）疾病
【拓展1】adj： 比较级： 最高级：
【拓展2】近义词：sick
ill与sick的区别：ill只能做表语、sick既做表语又做定语
一个生病的男人：
这个男人生病了 :
8. organize v.组织
organizer n. 组织者
organized adj.有组织的
eg .Brazil tried their best to organize 2014 World Cup.
9. express v.表达，表露
【拓展】第三人称单数： 过去式：________________
过去分词：________________ 现在分词：_______________
【拓展】expression n.表情 ；表现；表情
【搭配】express one’s feelings 表达情感、感受
express oneself 自我表达
eg. He went into his room, without any expression on his face.
10. lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的，荒凉的
【拓展1】loneliness n.孤独、寂寞
【拓展2】区别：lonely 与 alone
lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是：“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语；
形容地点的时候，表示“偏远的”如：a lonely village
alone的意思是：“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。
eg. He lives but he doesn’t feel .
He is a person. You cannot easily get on well with him.
11. difficulty n.困难；费劲 = be not able to do something easily复数：
【拓展】difficult = hard adj.困难的
difficultly adv.困难地
【搭配】have difficulty / trouble (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难
in difficulty/difficulties 处境困难
eg. He has difficulty making himself heard.
12. joy n. =a feeling of great happiness愉快，喜悦
【搭配】 cry with joy 喜极而泣
to one’s joy令人高兴的是
【拓展】 adj. 高兴的
v. 享受
13. peace n.平静，宁静
【拓展】adj. 和平的，爱好和平的
【搭配】 in peace 安静、和平
eg. The village fell into a deep and sleep.
14. courage n. 勇气，勇敢 adj. courageous勇敢的
【拓展】 encourage v.鼓励，鼓舞，支持，促进 encourage sb. to do sth.
encouragement n.鼓励、鼓舞
eg. They do not have the to speak out the truth.
15. pay v. 付款，偿还 n.工资，薪水，报答
【拓展】第三人称单数： 过去式：
过去分词： 现在分词：
【搭配】 pay off 还清债务，支付（债务）的全部数额
pay money back还钱
pay attention to（doing）sth注意
pay a visit to+地点 pay for为···付款
注意：英语中的四个“花费”spend /cost /pay /take
take: It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间
spend: sb. + spend/spent + time/money (in) doing sth.
sb. + spend/spent + time/money on sth.
cost: sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱
pay: sb. pay money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买可用于表示花费金钱，主语是人。
Exercise:
她花了三个月的时间做这个试验.
It to do this experiment.
他用了多长时间看完了这本书
How long did to finish reading the book
她在服装上花了很多钱。
She dresses.
我昨天花费两个小时完成作业
I my homework yesterday.
我花了2000多元买这手机，这个月的午餐就得吃面包。
The mobile phone more than 2000 yuan. I have to have bread for lunch this month.
Have a quiz
一、同义词替换选择。
1. Linder offers her pocket money to the Hope Project.
A. makes B. gets C. gives
2. I will continue playing the game after finishing the homework.
A. go on B. go in C. go out
3. Her face is full of joy. Is there any good news
A. loneliness B. happiness C. sadness
4. What’s wrong with you
A. the advice B. the matter C. the address
She raised her hand to wave.
A. made......cleaner B. moved ........ further C. moved ........higher
二、单选选择。
A _________ means something that one is not able to do easily.
difference B. suggestion C. difficulty D. program
—Who will ____________ the activity
—Some volunteers.
A. express B. accept C. organize D. support
8. —Do you like our teachers
—Very much. When we don’t have enough _________, they always tell us________________.
A. courage, not to give up B. courages, not giving up
C. courages, not to give up D. courage, not giving up
This box is ______heavy for me to carry. Could you give me _____
A. so, a hand B. too, hand
C. too, a hand D. so, hand
10. Cancer patients ____ great pain when they are ______.
A. suffer, dieing B. suffer from, dead
C. suffer, die D. suffer from, dying
11. Would you please _____ your voice I cannot _______you clearly.
A. rise, heard B. raise, hear
C. to rise, listen D. to raise, listen to
12. Although he lived _______ in a ______ mountain village, he didn't feel ______ at all.
A. alone, alone, lonely B. alone, lonely, lonely
C. lonely, lonely, alone D. lonely, alone, alone
13. ---Lily is a good daughter.
---Yeah. She _____ most of her spare time with her parents.
A. spends B. costs C. takes D. affords
14. ---I have great _____in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me
---No problem.
A. fun B. success C. advice D. difficulty
15. ---Mary is _____at home these days.
---But she doesn’t feel _____for she has many things to do.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone；alone D. lonely; lonely
三、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. No one can understand my _____________. (painful)
2. I was not to give up.（courage）
3. Mary didn’t go to work because of her (ill).
4. Many people believe that music can bring them joy and (peaceful).
5. I was afraid of (hurt) Bessy’s feelings, so I refused to tell him the truth.
6. The guards (permission) me to bring my camera and tape recorder.
7. Three teenagers offered (do) some voluntary work during the school holidays.
8. The problem is so (difficulty) to deal with.
9. You don’t have to _____________(payment) for it.
10. He hurt himself badly and became (able).
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)8B Unit 1 Grammar--Infinitives（不定式）
Teaching objectives：
What is “Infinitive” （to know what is infinitive.）
What can “Infinitive” do （to know the roles infinitives play in sentences.）
The common usage of “Infinitive”.（to grasp the common usage of infinitives.）
Roles of Infinitive：
动词不定式（to do), 是非谓语动词的一种形式。
顾名思义，作为“非谓语动词”，不定式to do在句子中可以充当的成分有除了谓语之外的另外7种，它们分别是：主语，宾语，表语，宾补，定语，状语，同位语。
本课时主要学习3种用法+4种结构：
N. + to do
This is the best time ________ (enjoy).
You are an active student ________ (learn).
在名词+不定式的搭配里，不定式有点像形容词，通常做的是修饰名词。
Adj. + to do
This math problem is difficult ___________(understand).
It is hard __________ (describe) a person.
在形容词+不定式的搭配里，通常是用来评价人、事、物等。
V. + to do (分4种结构）▲ Important points
V.+ to do （as object不定式作宾语）
☆1.Three teenagers ____________ (offer / do) some voluntary work during the school holidays.
☆2.Cindy ___________ (want / paint) a picture of the park near her home.
V.+ Question words (疑问词) + to do （as object不定式作宾语）
☆1.I don't know _______ to do next.
☆2.Can you discuss _______ to help disabled people
☆3.She can't decide _______ to go.
Question words（what, which, who, where, when, why, how...）
V.+ sb. + to do (as object complement不定式作宾语补足语)
☆1.We taught _______ to tell stories.
☆2.He called _______ to come to his party.
☆3.Parents ask _______ to stay at home.
▲注意：否定式为 V.+ sb.+（not）+to do
Example: tell sb. not to do 告诉某人不要做...
V.+ (sth./spl.) + to do (as adverbs of purpose 不定式作目的状语)
☆1.I came here _________ (see) you．
☆2.They went to the hospital _________ (help) the sick children.
☆3.She bought flowers _____________ (decorate) her room.
为了使目的意义更加清楚/表示强调时，常用短语in order to(为了...)。
☆4.We learn a language _______________ communicate.
☆5.He runs every day _______________ win the first place in running.
▲常见的动词不定式搭配：（请将空白处填充完整。）
1.choose to do sth. 选择做某事 2. 决定做某事
3.expect to do sth. 4.fail to do sth.
5. 讨厌做某事 6. 希望做某事
7. 学会做某事 8.manage to do sth.
9. 需要做某事 10. 主动提出做某事
11.plan to do sth. 12. 准备做某事
13.pretend to do sth. 14. 承诺做某事
15.refuse to do sth. 16. 下定决心做某事
17. 想要做某事 18. 支付得起...
▲注意：不带to的不定式(一感二听三让五看)识记，详看课后拓展附表。
课堂小练：
用所给词的适当形式填空。
Adam's parents were poor. Adam wanted (1) _________ (go) to a good university. But it was very expensive to study there. So he had to go to work during his holidays (2) _________ (make) money. He did two jobs at the same time. He got a job in a butcher shop (肉铺) during the day time, and another in a hospital at night. In the shop, he learnt (3) _________ (cut) meat up quite nicely. The butcher (屠夫) often let him (4) _________ (do) the work. In the hospital, he was allowed (5) _________ (do) the simplest job. Adam was very tired every day, but he was happy to make money.
▲课后拓展：附表如下
to do做宾语 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 to do做宾补 ask sb.（not) to do sth. 叫sb.(不）做sth. tell sb.（not） to do sth. 告诉sb.（不）做sth. help sb. (to) do sth. 协助sb.做sth. want sb. to do sth. 想要sb.做sth. wish sb. to do sth. 希望sb.做sth. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请sb.做sth. drive sb. to do sth. 驱使sb.做sth. expect sb. to do sth. 希冀sb.做sth. forbid sb. to do sth. 制止sb.做sth. force sb. to do sth. 强迫sb.做sth. need sb. to do sth. 需要sb.做sth. advise sb. to do sth. 建议sb.做sth. allow sb. to do sth. 允许sb.做sth. 不带to的不定式 (一感二听三让五看) feel sb. do sth. 觉得某人做某事 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 listen to sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事 watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事 notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事
Homework：
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. My grandmother wants _________ (go) around China because she likes travelling.
2. Martin's father only allows her _________ (go) out on Saturdays.
3. My mother taught me _________ (read) when I was two years old.
4. He didn't invite his friends _________ (join) them in playing basketball.
5. No one asked her _________ (return) the money that she borrowed because she was very poor.
6. Tom has decided _________ (work) hard at English from now on.
7. The boss made the workers ______ (work) twelve hours a day long time ago.
8. Li Ping didn't know what _________ (do) next.
9. Don't forget _________ (bring) your science book here tomorrow.
10.--- I feel tired and sleepy. --- Why not stop_________ (rest)
11. The man was in trouble. Let's _________ (help) him.
12. You'd better _________ (try) this medicine.
13. Stop _________ (talk) and listen to me carefully.
14. Mr Green told me _________ (not play) in the street.
15. Most of young people hope ________ (not be) a cleaner when they grow up.
完成句子。
1. 我决定周末和同学去野餐。
I _________ _________ _________ a picnic with my classmates tomorrow.
2.他总是主动帮助有需要的人。
He often _________ _________ _________ those people in need.
3.妈妈不允许我晚上外出。
My mother doesn’t _________ me _________ _________ outside at night.
4.今天老师教我们唱英文歌。
Today our teacher _________ us _________ _________ an English song.
5. 明天记得早点起床。
_________ _________ _________ up earlier tomorrow.
6. 我长大后希望做一名医生。
I _________ _________ _________ a doctor when I grow up.
7. 我不知道怎样回答这个问题。
I don’t know _________ _________ _________ this question.
8. 老师叫小明不要再迟到了。
The teacher asked Xiao Ming _________ _________ _________ late again.
9.为了赶上火车,他跑得非常快。
He ran very fast _________ _________ the train.
10.医生尽他所能去救这只小狗。
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
The doctor tried as hard as he could _________ _________ the little dog.21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Answers (Homework)
一、
1. to go 2. to go 3. to read 4. to join 5. to return
6. to work 7. work 8. to do 9. to bring 10. to rest
11. help 12. try 13. talking 14. not to play 15. not to be
二、
1. decided to have 2. offers to help 3. allow, to go
4. taught, to sing 5. Remember to get 6. hope to be
7. how to answer 8. not to be 9. to catch 10. to save(共15张PPT)
8B Unit 1 Helping those in need
Writing
Writing task
A letter to the head teacher
Your classmates and you are planning a
money-raising activity to help children
who are suffering from the COVID-19 now in Guang’xi.
You need to write a letter to your head teacher
to ask permission.
Book fair
What kind of money-raising activity did you join before
Lead-in
Food fair
What kind of money-raising activity did you organize before
Brainstorm more money-raising ideas.
Dance competition
Talent show
How are you going to raise money
When and where are you going to have your activity
What are you going to do during the activity
Who would you like to ask for help
How much money do you plan on raising
…
Choose one money-raising activity and take down some notes.
Pre-writing
Writing outlines
Why are you writing the letter
How are you going to raise money
When and where would you like to have the activity
What would you like the head teacher
to do
Para1: Why are you writing the letter
We are writing to....
Para2:How are you going to raise money
In order to raise money for the children in need, we are going to...
Para 3:When and where would you like to have the activity
Para4:What would you like the head teacher
to do
Could you please give us permission to ...
Writing Sentences Structures
Writing a draft
Use the outline below and your notes to help you finish the
letter to your head teacher.
Top tip
Date
Your head teacher’s name
Your school address
Greeting
Do not use “Yours”, “Love,” etc.
Closing
Your name and class
Tips
Useful phrases and sentence patterns:
1. in order to + V. / in order that + 从句
so as to + V. = so that +从句
翻译句子：我们集资是为了帮助所需要帮助的孩子。
e.g. We raise money in order to help children in need.
2. Would like to do …
翻译句子：我们想要举行一个书展。
e.g. We would like to hold a book fair.
3. Could you please do ….
翻译句子：你能允许我们...
你能给我们一个机会...
e.g. Could you please give us permission to …
Could you please give us a chance to …
Dear Mr. Liu,
We are writing to ask permission to hold a money-raising activity to help children in Guang’xi.
In order to raise money for children in need, we are going to organize a food fair. The students and teachers sell food they have made themselves in the activity. Then we will raise the money they have made.
We would like to have the activity at the school hall. Could you please give us permission to have the activity there We promise to keep the hall clean and have a good order.
Yours sincerely,
Brad中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8B Unit 1 写作训练
班级__________ 姓名____________
"来了就是深圳人，来了就做志愿者"，作为"志愿者之城"，深圳义工文化已经成了响亮全国的一张名片。
你作为一名中学生，请根据以下要点提示以 Let’s be volunteers 为题写一篇短文呼吁大家在假期参与志愿活动（100词）
要点：
1．做志愿者是一项非常有意义的活动，可以帮助有需要的人；
例如去儿童医院、养老院以及图书馆做志愿者都是不错的选择；
3.......（自行补充一点）;
4．号召更多的同学加人到志愿者行列。
Let’s be volunteers
Nowadays, more and more people in Shenzhen are willing to take part in different kinds of voluntary work.
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