(共23张PPT)
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
作业1 Welcome to the unit & Reading （1）
考点一 intend vt.& vi. 想要，计划；意指
单句语法填空
1. I had intended （intend） to see you off at the airport, but I had an unexpected visitor.
2. She has written many articles, some of which are intended for students weak in English.
3. They gave the performance with the intention （intend） of providing help for homeless people.
had intended
for
intention
考点二 limited adj. 有限的
单句语法填空
1. In the knowledge era, lifelong learning is not limited to a traditional classroom.
2. The new traffic regulations have set strict limits on drunk driving.
3. This technique is useful but it has its limitations （limit）.
to
on
limitations
考点三 postpone vt. 延迟，延期
单句语法填空
1. We’ll have to postpone the sports meeting until/to next week.
2. Let’s postpone making （make） a decision until we have more information.
3. The postponement （postpone） was due to a dispute over where the talks should be held.
until/to
making
postponement
考点四 beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的
一句多译
① t is said that yoga benefits human health greatly. （benefit vt.）
② is said that yoga is of great benefit to human health .（benefit n.）
③ t is said that yoga is greatly beneficial to human healt h （beneficial）
据说瑜伽对人体健康非常有益。
It is said that yoga benefits human health greatly.
It is said that yoga is of great benefit to human health.
It is said that yoga is greatly beneficial to human health.
考点五 surround vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关
单句语法填空
1. They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers surrounding （surround） it.
2. Surrounded （surround） by thick bamboo, the ancient city hadn’t been discovered until the 1960s.
3. Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings （surround） to protect themselves.
surrounding
Surrounded
surroundings
句式升级
4. When he looked up， he suddenly found he was surrounded by a group of teenagers.（改成分词短语作宾语补足语）
→ When he looked up, he suddenly found himself surrounded by a group of teenagers .
surrounded by a group
of teenagers
考点六 indicate vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出
单句语法填空
1. If the decline in oil prices continues, it will be an indication （indicate） of continued weakness in global demand.
单句写作
2. The result of the study indicated that t was the type of fat that made the difference .
研究结果表明，是脂肪的类型造成了差异。
indication
it was the type of fat that made
the difference
考点七 favour vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于
n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
单句语法填空
1. Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone, will you
2. Most students in our class are in favour of this camping plan.
3. The Great Wall is a tourist destination favoured （favour） by people all over the world.
4. Farmers will have a good harvest, provided that the weather is favourable （favour）.
a
of
favoured
favourable
考点八 charge vt.& vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满
n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
用charge相关短语的适当形式填空
1. He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.
2. Don’t worry. We will offer you lunch free of charge .
3. The company in the charge of him was charged with charging its customers extra fees.
4. He took charge of the company after his father’s death.
in charge of
free of charge
was charged with
took charge of
一、 阅读理解
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与社会 科学与技术 说明文 299 ★★★
Would you like to be able to see in the dark This might be possible in the near future. Scientists have done tests on mice and have given them the ability to see the near-infrared（近红外的） light. This is a kind of light wave that mice and humans cannot normally see.
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Research teams from the University of Science and Technology of China and the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School changed the eyesight of the mice. They put special nanoparticles（纳米粒子） into the eyeballs of the mice. These nanoparticles let the mice see better in the dark. The theory is that the nanoparticles are attached to the retinal cells（视网膜细胞） which are responsible for changing light into electrical signals. The effect of the research lasted for around 10 weeks. The scientists said the eyesight of the mice was not impaired; in other words, the eyes did not suffer any side effects.
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The research is now put out in the research journal Cell. The researchers say they hope the same tests could be done on humans. The researcher Dr Xue explained his hope for the future. He said, “Human beings have been trying to develop new technology to enable abilities that are beyond our natural abilities.” He said future tests could let humans see things in the dark that they cannot see now. Dr Xue added, “Another cool thing about this technology is that it wouldn’t require a person to wear heavy glasses.” He also said the army might be interested in his research.
The scientists believe that this kind of nanoparticles could help repair the eyesight of humans who experience retinal diseases with fewer side effects than other old eyesight repair methods.
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（ C ）1. What have the researchers found about the nanoparticles
A. They may repair mice’s retinal cells.
B. They help improve humans’ eyesight.
C. They make the mice see better in the dark.
D. They are good for the mice’s eyesight recovery.
（ B ）2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “impaired” in Paragraph 2
A. Improved. B. Damaged.
C. Changed. D. Lost.
C
B
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（ A ）3. What can be learnt from Paragraph 3
A. The nanoparticles’ future may be bright.
B. The army will carry on with the research.
C. Mice will be able to see everything in the dark.
D. Humans benefit more from the technology than animals.
A
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（ D ）4. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A. The characters of the nanoparticles.
B. The common causes of retinal diseases.
C. The side effects of the nanoparticles.
D. The advantages of the nanoparticles in medical treatment.
D
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二、 七选五
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与自我 生活与学习 说明文 328 ★★★
A. Encourage children to think.
B. Never push a child to think.
C. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive.
D. It is necessary for parents to tell children some stories about science.
E. There’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.
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F. But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that the discussion is over.
G. This ability comes from deep thinking and the desire to know what they don’t know.
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（2023·江苏省南通市高一下期末统考）As is often the case, few schools make science attractive. Textbooks are as dull as dictionaries. As a result, children think that science is only for people as clever as Einstein. But actually children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy. 1. E You just have to share your children’s curiosity.
E
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Give them time to think and ask. Adults are always used to asking children questions and waiting for their answers. It is normal for adults to wait only one second or less for an answer after asking a question, giving no time for a child to think. In fact, when adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children will give more logical and complete answers. Besides, if given some chances, children can also ask some wonderful and creative questions. 2. G
G
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Watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a scientific discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right.” or “Very good.”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. 3. F Thus, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting.” or “I’d never thought of it that way before.”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.
F
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4. B It doesn’t make sense because children are always thinking. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want in as few words as possible, so that he will be less likely to be a target for your disagreement.
Show them the process instead of telling them the result. 5. C Let your children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass（放大镜）, and they will understand why you want them to wash their hands before dinner. Instead of saying that water evaporates（蒸 发）, set a pot of water boiling and let them watch the water level drop.
B
C
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二(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
作业3 Grammar and usage
一、 根据句意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词
1. They are living in a house which is surrounded by high walls.
2. Intelligence , perseverance and confidence are what it takes to make a good scientist.
3. We have learned from the textbook that metals expand when they are heated.
4. Sometimes students postpone doing their homework until the last minute.
urrounded
ntelligence
etals
ostpone
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5. A red sky at night often indicates fine weather the next day.
6. The first year provides students with a sound theoretical （理论上的） basis for later study.
7. The UAVs（无人机） can have a stronger lifting ability and fly farther without being charged （充电） halfway.
8. He remained the most popular politician （政治家） in France.
ndicates
theoretical
charged
politician
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二、 选用方框中的短语（并用其适当形式）填空（有两个多余）
be charged with speed up draw upon by accident refer to
in favour of pay off
1. His patience and hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.
2. Musicians often draw upon their imagination for composing.
3. The little boy ruined his sister’s book by accident , and he felt so guilty.
4. Most of them were in favour of my opinion while David was against it.
5. He was charged with cheating in the exam, but there was an absence of solid evidence.
paid off
draw upon
by accident
in favour of
was charged with
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三、 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. Our English teacher accidentally （accident） found the headmaster attending her lecture.
2. It used to be my favourite （favour） restaurant but the standard of cooking has fallen off recently.
3. Originally, we had intended （intend） to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece.
4. I am writing to you in/with reference to the job opening in your department.
accidentally
favourite
had intended
in/with
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5. She picked up the microphone and began to experiment with the switches.
6. They displayed only a part of their products because space was limited （limit）.
7. The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are very suggestive of countryside surroundings （surround）.
8. Experts give us some indication（s） （indicate） concerning the condition of the miners in this area.
with
limited
surroundings
indication（s）
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四、 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.
直到将近信的结尾她才提到她自己的计划。
2. It’s likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.
因为他们的错误，他们可能会被公司开除。
It was not until near the end of the letter
It’s likely that they will be fired by the company
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3. The play to be produced next month mainly aims to reflect the local culture.
下个月要制作的戏剧的主要目的是反应当地的文化。
4. Research indicates that music activities involve different parts of the brain .
研究显示，音乐活动涉及大脑的不同部分。
5. With the house surrounded , the thief couldn’t escape and was caught by the policemen.
（由于）房子被包围，小偷无法逃脱，被警察抓住了。
The play to be produced next month
indicates that music activities involve different parts of the
brain
With the house surrounded
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五、 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Don’t leave your email account easily accessed （access）. It is dangerous.
2. When taken （take） according to the directions, the drug has few side effects.
3. Located （locate） in the city center, the store attracts many customers.
4. I’d like you to look at a study conducted （conduct） in Australia in 2020.
accessed
taken
Located
conducted
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5. The surprised （surprise） look showed that she hadn’t known the experiment.
6. We appreciate the written reports supplied （supply） by all of you.
7. With many people involved （involve）, the case was still being looked into.
8. When she found her mobile devices thrown （throw） away, she was angry.
surprised
supplied
involved
thrown
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六、 根据汉语提示用过去分词短语完成句子
1. Once published , the dictionary will be very popular.
一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。
2. Absorbed in painting , John didn’t notice evening approaching.
（由于）专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
3. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible .
为了学好英语，我们应该找到机会尽可能多地听别人说英语。
Once published
Absorbed in painting
to hear English
spoken as much as possible
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4. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard .
演讲者提高了嗓门，但别人仍然听不见他的声音。
5. The bridge built in 2013 was designed by a local company. 这座建于2013年的桥是由当地一家公司设计的。
couldn’t make himself heard
The bridge built in 2013
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七、 阅读理解
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与社会 社会与文化 记叙文 344 ★★★
（2023·江苏省泰州中学高一下期中考试）Valerie L.Thomas is an African American scientist and inventor best known for her patented illusion transmitter（幻觉发射器） and contributions to NASA research.
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Thomas was born in 1943 in Maryland. She was interested in science as a child. At a young age, her curiosity about how things worked inspired her to borrow a book called The Boys’ First Book of Radio and Electronics, which she took home hoping her father would help her work on some projects. However, he didn’t help her.
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She attended an all-girls high school that did not help her with hands-on projects either. But this changed in college, when Thomas was admitted to Morgan State University as one of the only two women in her class majoring in physics. Thomas excelled in her studies. She graduated with excellent results and accepted a position as a data analyst at NASA.
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In the 1970s, she managed the development of the image-processing systems for Landsat, the first satellite（人造卫星） to send images to the Earth from space. In 1980, Thomas received a patent for an illusion transmitter. The device produces optical illusion images by means of two concave mirrors（凹面镜）. Unlike flat mirrors, which produce images that appear to be inside, or behind the mirror, concave mirrors create images that appear to be real, or in front of the mirror itself. This technology was later used by NASA and has been adapted for use in surgery（外科手术） as well as the production of television and video screens since then.
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Thomas continued to work for NASA until her retirement in 1995. Over the course of her career, Thomas contributed greatly to the study of space. She helped develop computer program designs that supported research on Halley’s Comet, the ozone layer and satellite technology. For her achievements, Thomas received a number of NASA awards including the Goddard Space Flight Center Award of Merit and the NASA Equal Employment Opportunity Medal.
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（ C ）1. What do we know about Thomas’ early life
A. She was talented in science.
B. She liked working with her father.
C. She lacked support for her interest.
D. She preferred to read boys’ books.
C
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（ A ）2. What do the underlined words “excelled in” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Did well in.
B. Had confidence in.
C. Was curious about.
D. Was concerned with.
A
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（ C ）3. What is the advantage of Thomas’ invention over flat mirrors
A. It takes pictures more clearly.
B. It transmits images more quickly.
C. It changes the position of the images.
D. It can send images to the Earth from space.
C
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（ D ）4. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. Thomas’ future plans.
B. Thomas’ retirement life.
C. Thomas’ research theory.
D. Thomas’ achievements in her lifetime.
D
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八、 语法填空
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与社会 社会与文化 记叙文 154 ★★★
（2023·江苏省苏州市高一下期中统考）As the saying goes, “Humanity’s most fundamental relationship is with what we eat.” Although food 1. is considered （consider） an important part in Chinese culture, hunger remained a huge problem in the country until the 1970s.
is considered
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However, the Chinese scientist Yuan Longping helped solve 2. the problem. Yuan devoted all his life to 3. developing （develop） hybrid rice varieties, which now account for about two 4. thirds （three） of China’s rice crops. So, it is no wonder 5. that he’s known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Yuan’s hybrid rice is now 6. accessible （access） to people around the world, and helps solve food problems 7. globally （globe）.
the
developing
thirds
that
accessible
globally
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In spite of his great knowledge, Yuan understood that even the 8. wisest （wise） people should still be open 9. to learning new things. “The farmers of our country possess rich experience in planting rice and I learn from them,” he once said. “The honor actually 10. belongs （belong） to them.”
wisest
to
belongs
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八(共31张PPT)
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
作业4 Integrated skills, Extended reading & Project
考点一 involve vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；（使）参加
微语篇语法填空
The school’s purpose is to have parents involved in the education of their children more closely. Parents’ involvement will contribute to children’s better growth.（involve）
involved
involvement
考点二 credit n. 赞扬，认可；信用
vt. 存入金额；把……归于
单句写作
1. To his credit ， the boy can still concentrate on his studies with much noise going on. 值得称赞的是，尽管有很多噪音，这个男孩仍然能专注于自己的功课。
2. Would you buy it on credit or in cash？
您是赊购还是用现金购买它？
To his credit
on credit
3. The invention of the industrial robot is credited to the company .
工业机器人的发明归功于那家公司。
is credited to the company
考点三 let sb. down使某人失望
用let相关短语的适当形式填空
1. When I found that I was tricked by him， I was hurt and let go of our friendship.
2. There isn’t enough room for us， let alone any guests.
3. He accidentally let out where he had hidden his father’s birthday present.
let go of
let alone
let out
考点四 ignorance n. 无知
单句语法填空
1. Poverty and ignorance （ignore） are the enemies of progress.
2. They threw rubbish into the lake， ignoring （ignore） the sign “No Littering” nearby.
3. To our surprise， some people are ignorant （ignore） of the facts about global warming.
ignorance
ignoring
ignorant
考点五 permit vt.& vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n. 许可证
单句语法填空
1. Many shop owners don’t permit parking （park） cars in front of their shops.
2. We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday， weather permitting （permit）.
3. If you don’t have a permit， you will not be permitted to drive （drive）.
4. No student shall go out of the school campus after ten o’clock at night without permission （permit）.
parking
permitting
to drive
permission
考点六 responsibility n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
单句语法填空
1. It is their responsibility （responsible） to ensure that the rules are carried out.
2. We should be responsible for the work and keep team spirit in mind.
responsibility
for
考点七 put forward提出，提议，建议
用put相关短语的适当形式填空
1. The proposal put forward by him aims to help promote fully automatic driving.
2. I have had a large sum of money put away for my retirement.
3. Please put aside your disagreement and make efforts to finish the task.
put forward
put away
put aside
一、 根据句意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词
1. It’s high time that we applied ourselves to the task of protecting our environment.
2. Sue was only nine when her first short story was published .
3. It is a moral requirement for the young to offer seats to the elderly on buses.
4. In a good marriage , both husband and wife work hard to solve any problem that arises.
pplied
ublished
oral
arriage
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5. The year has been a standout （突出的） year for the 29-year-old veteran.
6. The discussion was taken up when enough data （数据） had been collected.
standout
data
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二、 选用方框中的短语（并用其适当形式）填空（有两个多余）
take it for granted to put it another way turn over be familiar to
put forward be involved in as to let sb. down
1. All of the children are involved in the school play and they are in high spirits.
2. Have you made up your mind as to where you are going to spend your summer vacation
3. It was at the meeting which was held yesterday that he put forward the plan.
are involved in
as to
put forward
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4. I once took it for granted that parents should do everything for us.
5. You don’t meet our requirement. To put it another way , you will have to change a new job.
6. Her face was familiar to me, but I couldn’t recognize her immediately.
took it for granted
To put it another way
was familiar to
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三、 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. She accidentally （accident） struck another player in the face in the basketball match yesterday.
2. There were a couple of seats remaining （remain） at the back of the classroom.
3. Theoretically （theory）, the price is supposed to be marked on the shelf.
4. I don’t like the way in which you talk to your teacher.
5. To his credit, the boy sticks to his dream despite many difficulties.
accidentally
remaining
Theoretically
in
To
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四、 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it . 让我惊讶的不是他说了什么，而是他说话的方式。
2. Weather permitting , we will hold a sports meet next weekend as scheduled.
天气允许的话，我们将在下周末如期举行运动会。
but the way he said it
Weather permitting
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3. All the members of the team have attended the meeting being held .
所有的队员都出席了正在举行的会议。
4. Inspired by the speaker , Su Hua applied for a volunteer teacher. 在演讲者的鼓舞下，苏华申请成为一名志愿者教师。
5. Moreover, keeping a positive attitude towards life is of great importance .
此外，保持积极的生活态度是非常重要的。
have attended the meeting being held
Inspired by the speaker
of great
importance
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五、 七选五
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与自我 生活与学习 说明文 294 ★★★
A. It all depends on your character.
B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
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E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
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（2023·山东省青岛市高一下期中统考）Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk against the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1. F Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risk might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2. C As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and tolerance for risk.
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So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then Well, even 200，000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring people survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3. A
A
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No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4. E To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
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5. G For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
G
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六、 完形填空
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与社会 社会与文化 记叙文 243 ★★★
（2023·深圳高级中学高一下期中考试）In many ways, Gitanjali Rao is ordinary, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. In 2017, she 1 the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.
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What 2 Gitanjali’s work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water. “The idea didn’t 3 to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests. The test strips may show inaccurate results, which weren’t very 4 ,” she recalled. She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 5 found that carbon nanotube（纳米管） sensors could be used to sense chemicals. Gitanjali 6 to print a small blue box using the 3D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under 7 from her computer science teacher, gave instant 8 and sent the data to a linked phone through an attached device.
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The process of designing her project wasn’t always 9 , though. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, 10 along the way. At the award ceremony, Gitanjali also 11 her success to her parents’ constant support and 12 to try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her project along with the great 13 of winning the contest. Shafer, who 14 Gitanjali, said, “She shows a high level of motivation to solve 15 issues through science.”
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（ A ）1. A. earned B. designed C. offered D. made
（ D ）2. A. exposed B. improved C. defined D. inspired
（ C ）3. A. stick B. belong C. occur D. apply
（ B ）4. A. simple B. reliable C. predictable D. creative
（ A ）5. A. eventually B. immediately C. temporarily D. initially
（ A ）6. A. managed B. promised C. pretended D. happened
（ C ）7. A. observation B. command C. instruction D. control
（ B ）8. A. access B. consequences C. decisions D. approval
（ D ）9. A. optional B. complete C. continuous D. smooth
A
D
C
B
A
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（ B ）10. A. changed B. helped C. risked D. followed
（ B ）11. A. stressed B. credited C. impressed D. provided
（ A ）12. A. encouragement B. request
C. struggle D. pressure
（ C ）13. A. fortune B. intention C. honor D. potential
（ D ）14. A. kept up with B. got along with
C. took care of D. spoke highly of
（ C ）15. A. commercial B. academic
C. practical D. systematic
B
B
A
C
D
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七、语法填空
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与社会 科学与技术 说明文 220 ★★★
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（2023·广东省江门市高一下期中统考）Scientists have wondered whether domesticated（驯养的） animals can recognize different human faces. The scientist Léa Lansade did an experiment 1. to find （find） out how well horses can recognize people in 2. photographs （photograph）. She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two side-by-side images by 3. touching （touch） their noses to a computer screen. Then, the horses 4. were shown （show） photos of their current keeper alongside faces of unfamiliar humans. And never had they 5. seen （see） photos of any of the people before.
The horses 6. correctly （correct） recognized their current keeper and ignored 7. the strangers’ faces about 75 percent of the time, significantly better than chance.
to find
photographs
touching
were shown
seen
correctly
the
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What’s more, the horses also picked out photos of their previous keeper, the person 8. whom/that they hadn’t seen for six months. In fact, even though the horses didn’t get it right every single time, they were at least as accurate in picking out their previous keeper as they were at recognizing their current one. The results suggest that horses can not only tell the difference between familiar 9. and unfamiliar human faces, but also understand the fact that photos are virtual representations of real life without any other help. And they’re even 10. better （good） at this than our oldest animal friend: the domestic dog.
whom/that
and
better
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Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
作业2 Welcome to the unit & Reading （2）
一、 根据句意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词
1. With the development of medicine， those deadly diseases are likely to be cured in the future.
2. Mrs Black said she learned about gardening through trial and error.
3. Will scientists figure out a way to store sufficient food for the long journey
4. Many people do not like the idea of experiments （实验） on animals.
5. The following examples illustrate （解释） how this operates in practice.
eadly
rial
ufficient
experiments
illustrate
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二、 选用方框中的短语（并用其适当形式）填空（有两个多余）
draw on after graduation point out speed up thanks to
be likely to day and night pay off
1. As has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.
2. With his acting potential, the young man is likely to be a superstar in the field of entertainment.
3. Thanks to your timely help, I wasn’t trapped in the heavy rain.
4. Drawing on his rich experience, the middle-aged lifeguard saved their lives.
pointed out
is likely to
Thanks to
Drawing on
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5. To finish his work on time, he worked hard day and night .
6. The new set of equipment is expected to speed up the production process.
day and night
to speed up
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三、 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.
2. While traveling can broaden （broad） your mind, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
3. He came to tell us that the work had been successfully （succeed） completed, which made us smile in relief.
4. To give a definition of a word is more difficult than to give an illustration （illustrate） of its use.
5. These measures would make contributions （contribute） to reducing industrial accidents.
to
broaden
successfully
illustration
contributions
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四、 阅读课文缩写，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese female scientist 1. to be awarded （award） a Nobel Prize for her discovery of qinghaosu, which makes malaria patients across the world more likely to survive.
to be
awarded
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After studying medicine at university, Tu acquired 2. a good knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine through further training courses, which led to her success in her discovery of qinghaosu. Faced with the serious situation of malaria, as the head of a team 3. intending （intend） to find a cure for the disease, Tu and her team referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine, and tried countless times to make extracts from different herbs 4. before they managed to make qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.
a
intending
before
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However, due to the 5. shortage （short） of research resources and good equipment, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large 6. trials （try）. Tu and her team didn’t give up. They tried almost all means to solve the problems they faced. Fortunately, their efforts finally paid 7. off . They 8. succeeded （success） in isolating the most effective part of the extract and named it qinghaosu, which is now a key part of many malaria medicines.
When 9. giving （give） her Nobel Lecture, Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a 10. higher （high） level.
shortage
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off
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五、 阅读理解
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与社会 社会与文化 记叙文 233 ★★★
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（2023·山东省济南市高一下期末统考）Cynthia Rosenzweig was awarded the World Food Prize. She played a leading role in modelling the effect of climate change on food production. As a climate research scientist, she has spent much of her career explaining how global food production must adapt to a changing climate.
Cynthia grew up in a village near New York. She moved to Italy with her husband-to-be in her 20s and developed an interest in agriculture. After returning to the United States, she focused her education on agronomy.
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She worked as a graduate student at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies in the early 1980s, when global climate models were beginning to show the effect of human-related CO2 on the global climate. As the only team member studying agronomy, she researched the effect on food production and has been working since then to answer related questions. She completed the experiments on the way climate change would affect food production in North America in 1985 and globally in 1994.
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Cynthia has studied how farmers can deal with climate change and how agriculture worsens the problem. For example, she wrote a research paper that said global agri-food systems create nearly one-third of the total global greenhouse gases caused by human activities. She added that greenhouse gases come from many parts of food production, including the clearing of forests for farmland.
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（ C ）1. What helped Cynthia win the World Food Prize
A. The great success in space research.
B. The important role in agricultural studies.
C. The study of climate effects on food production.
D. The scientific research on global climate change.
C
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（ D ）2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The research information.
B. Cynthia’s chief achievements.
C. Cynthia’s family members.
D. Cynthia’s life experiences.
（ A ）3. Which of the following can best describe Cynthia
A. Hard-working. B. Humorous.
C. Easy-going. D. Graceful.
D
A
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（ B ）4. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Forests should make room for farmland.
B. Food production also affects climate change.
C. Farmers rely on climate for food production.
D. Agriculture is the main source of green-house gases.
B
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六、 完形填空
主题语境 主题群 语篇类型 词数 难度
人与自我 做人与做事 记叙文 285 ★★
Einstein was not only one of the most outstanding scientists of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic（满腔热忱的） musician. He once said, “If I were not a physicist, I would probably be a 1 .” “Life without playing music is inconceivable（难以想象的） for me,” he also said. “I get most 2 in life out of music.”
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Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist who 3 music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the 4 at the age of six; however, he didn’t love it until he 5 the joy of Mozart’s sonatas（奏鸣曲） at the age of 13. From that 6 on, although he had no further lessons, his violin 7 his companion.
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When Einstein moved to Switzerland to resume his schooling, he seemed to have 8 much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at a music 9 in the school. The examiner reported that a student called Einstein shone in the 10 felt performance of one of Beethoven’s sonatas. In addition to his great 11 in playing the violin, he also played the piano, and 12 , loved to improvise（即兴创作）.
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In later life, Einstein’s reputation（名誉） as a physicist often led to 13 to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the 14 of the violinist Einstein that comes closest to the mark comes from his friend János Plesch, who wrote, “There are many musicians with much 15 technique, but none, I believe, can play with more sincerity or deeper feelings.”
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（ B ）1. A. physician B. musician C. politician D. reporter
（ A ）2. A. joy B. money C. idea D. energy
（ D ）3. A. played B. sent C. created D. brought
（ A ）4. A. violin B. piano C. knowledge D. game
（ C ）5. A. loved B. tracked C. discovered D. confirmed
（ D ）6. A. location B. space C. access D. point
（ B ）7. A. turned B. remained C. appeared D. seemed
（ A ）8. A. devoted B. spent C. lost D. wasted
B
A
D
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（ D ）9. A. performance B. presentation
C. exhibition D. examination
（ B ）10. A. hardly B. deeply C. carelessly D. honestly
（ A ）11. A. skill B. patience C. care D. courage
（ B ）12. A. after all B. in particular C. at large D. by accident
（ C ）13. A. contributions B. applications
C. invitations D. prizes
（ C ）14. A. reaction B. destination C. summary D. instruction
（ D ）15. A. broader B. funnier C. wilder D. better
D
B
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