课件13张PPT。第八讲非谓语动词中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2．动名词和动词不定式作表语、宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作目的状语；
5．固定短语搭配。 动词不定式的基本结构为：to＋动词原形，有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。
动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。【热点考向一】 动词不定式作主语
作主语的动词不定式常用it替代，动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。句子基本结构为：It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋(not) to do.(不)做某事怎么样。在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，用of。
如：It's easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。
It is dangerous for children to swim alone.对孩子来说，独自游泳是危险的。It is kind of you to help me mend the computer.帮我修电脑，你真好！
例1：It's a bad habit ________ put off what you can do today until tomorrow.(2014，衢州)
解析：“it”为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。to【热点考向二】 动词不定式作宾语、表语和宾语补足语
1．作宾语。
句子基本结构为：动词＋to＋动词原形。常见的这类动词有：would like，want，love，need，try，ask，learn，begin，start，forget，remember，agree，fail，allow，decide，afford，wish，hope，plan，hate，choose，expect等。如：Indians like to eat hot food.印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。
有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时，前面往往带有形式宾语it。
如：Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait? 你认为学会等待对我们来说有必要吗？
注意：一些不带to的动词不定式有：why not do，had better(not) do，would rather do，could/would/will you please(not) do等。
如：You'd better finish the work before Monday.你最好星期一前完成工作。2．作表语。
如：It seems to be an interesting book.它看起来是本有趣的书。
3．作宾语补足语。
不定式作宾补与宾语逻辑上有主谓关系。常跟动词不定式作宾补的谓语动词有：tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage等。
如：He told me not to bring you anything.他叫我不要给你带任何东西。
Who taught you play the piano? 谁教你弹钢琴？
注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词后也接不定式作宾补，但不定式要省略to。这些动词有：hear，let，make，have，see，watch，notice等。但这些动词变为被动语态时，须加上to。如：I saw the man go into the shop.我看见这个男人进入这家店。
The man was seen to go into the shop.这男人被看见进入这家店。
例2：My parents didn't allow me ________(go) to the party.(2015，天津)
解析：“allow sb.to do sth.”意为“允许某人做某事”。
例3：—So beautiful flowers! I can't decide which ________(choose) for my mom.
—For Mother's Day.It can't be better to take some carnations(康乃馨)．(2015，福州)
解析：“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”作“decide”的宾语。to goto choose【热点考向三】 动词不定式作定语和状语
1．作定语。
动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
如：In my dream I always have very difficult jobs to do.在梦里我总是做一些艰苦的工作。
2．作状语。
(1)表示目的：
如：In his third year，he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.在大三时，他为了去微软公司工作而离开了哈佛大学。(2)表示结果：
动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词too或enough连用。
如：It's too heavy to carry.太重了，搬不动。3．和某些形容词连用。
和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有sure，ready，happy，sorry，afraid等。
如：I'm sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打扰你了。
4．和疑问词who，what，when，where，which，how构成不定式短语作宾语。
如：I don't know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用计算机。例4：When you leave，please turn off the light ________(save) energy.(2015，泰安)
解析：动词不定式作目的状语。
例5：Guo Chuan is the first Chinese ________(realize) the dream of sailing around the world.(2013，盐城)
解析：动词不定式作“Chinese”的定语。to saveto realize【热点考向四】 动名词作主语和宾语
1．作主语。谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Eating too much junk food is bad for your health.吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害处。
2．作宾语。
如：More and more people like shopping on the Internet.越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。
注意：初中阶段常跟动名词的动词有：like 喜欢，enjoy 喜欢，finish 完成，keep 保持，mind 介意，spend 花费，practice 练习，stop 停止，suggest 建议，consider 考虑，be worth 值得等。例6：—Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child?
—Yes.But now I realize I was wrong.I really regret ________(do) that silly thing to my mom.(2015，襄阳)
解析：“regret doing sth.”意为“后悔做过某事”。
例7：I will try my best to stop my son from ________(make) the same mistake.(2015，重庆A/C卷)
解析：“stop sb.from doing sth.”固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。doingmaking课件17张PPT。第八讲 非谓语动词一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Tom invited me _______(go) on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.
2．—It's getting cold.Would you mind ________(close) the window?
—Of course not.
3．It's hot today.You'd better ________(take) more water than usual.
4．We are planning to go to Beijing，but we haven't decided when ______(go)．
5．I wonder whether the activity is worth ________(take) part in.to goclosingtaketo gotaking6．It is impolite ______(ask) about a girl's weight.
7．The retired couple enjoy _______(take) photos.They always go out with their cameras.
8．__________(climb) mountains needs a strong mind.
9．Our teacher often asks us _________(discuss) questions in groups.
10．Don't forget _______(say) thanks when other people help you.to asktakingClimbingto discussto say 二、根据中文提示填写单词。
11．He kept on ________(谈论) until the class was over.
12．It's not right for you _________(抄袭) other's homework.
13．The foreigner has been used to _________(吃) with chopsticks.
14．They are looking forward to _________(赢) the first prize in the competition.
15．________(得到) high marks，many middle school students stay up to study.talking to copy eating winning To get 16．You can never imagine the great difficulty I had ________(通过) this exam.
17．We practiced ________(唱) English songs for one and a half hours today.
18．It's hard to give up __________(抽烟)，but you have to.
19．My mother used to ________(洗) clothes after supper.
20．The boy was made __________(站) for some time because he couldn't answer the question.to pass singing smoking wash to stand 三、根据短文内容，用所给词的适当形式填空。
Here is some advice on how 21._________(talk) with your parents.
Try to start your talk with something fun. This will make talking easier. For example, asking your parents questions about their day. They love this.
Make it clear what you want 22._________(tell) your parents. If they have an opinion, let them 23._________(finish) and don't interrupt(打断) them. Ask them 24._______(do) the same for you.
Show them respect(尊重) by 25.__________(listen) to them carefully. Look them in the eyes.
Be honest. Honesty builds trust. Life is good when your parents trust you.to talk to tell finish to do listening If your parents don't understand, that's OK. It doesn't mean they don't love you or they're not trying. Sometimes you have to 26.________ things to them again or in a different way.
When you finish the talk, thank them for 27.__________(listen). Say something like，“Thanks, that helped.” It will let them know this is important to you, and make them 28._______(want) to do it more often.
If you think there are still things 29.(talk) about, set up a time with them and 30.________(talk) about it another day.explain listening want to talk 四、阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
__31__ the truth is a very good habit.If you always tell the truth，you can save yourself from a lot of trouble.Here is a story of a man who did a lot of __32__ things，but his promise to tell the truth saved him.
Once a man came to the prophet(预言家) and said，“Oh，prophet，I have many bad habits.Which one of them should I __33__ first？” The prophet said，“Give up __34__ lies first and always tell the truth.”The man promised to do so and went home. At night the man was ready to go out __35__．Before __36__，he thought for a moment about the promise he made with the prophet.“__37__ the prophet asks me where I have been，what shall I say？Shall I say that I went out __38__？No，I can not say that.But I can't tell a lie，either.If I tell the truth，everyone will start __39__ me and call me a thief.I would be punished for __40__．”
So the man decided not __41__ that night，and gave up this bad habit. The next day，he wanted __42__ wine.When he would like to do so，he said to himself, “What shall I say to the prophet if he asks me what I did during the day？I cannot tell a lie，and if I tell the truth，people will hate me.Because a Muslim is not __43__ to drink wine.” And so he gave up the idea of drinking wine.
__44__，whenever the man thought of __45__ something bad，he remembered his promise to tell the truth.One by one，he gave up all his bad habits and became a good person. （ ）31.A.Tell B．Telling C．To tell D．Told
（ ）32.A.great B．bad C．strange D．important
（ ）33.A.give up B．bring back C．take off D．reply to
（ ）34.A.to tell B．tell C．telling D．told
（ ）35.A.steal B．stealing C．stole D．to steal
（ ）36.A.giving off B．taking off C．setting off D．putting off
（ ）37.A.Because B．Before C．After D．If
（ ）38.A.stealing B．drinking C．walking D．dancing B B A C D C D A （ ）39.A.hate B．hating C．to hate D．hated
（ ）40.A.steal B．stealing C．stole D．to steal
（ ）41.A.steal B．stealing C．stole D．to steal
（ ）42.A.drinking B．drink C．to drink D．drunk
（ ）43.A.allowed B．afforded C．affected D．advised
（ ）44.A.By the way B．In this way C．In some ways D．On the way
（ ）45.A.do B．does C．doing D．didB B D C A B C 五、阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Gary and Gavin were twin brothers who worked in a department store owned by their father.After the father had passed away，they took over the store.Everything went well until the day a twenty-dollar bill disappeared.Gary had left the bill on the cash register.But when he returned，the money was gone.
Gary then asked his brother Gavin，“Did you see that twenty-dollar bill on the cash register？”Gavin said that he had not.But Gary did not let him go and kept questioning，“Twenty-dollar bills can't walk away by themselves! Surely you must have seen it.”There was accusation(指责) in Gary' s voice，and resentment(愤恨) grew.“I said I didn't see it！”Gavin replied with anger. The quarrel divided the young men and they could no longer work together.Later，a wall was built in the center of the store.For twenty years，resentment never ended.
One day，a strange man came to the store.He walked in and asked Gary, “How long have you been here？” Gary replied that he'd been there all his life. “Then you are the person I'm looking for，since I must confess_something to you.Twenty years ago，I entered this store from the back door and saw a twenty-dollar bill on the cash register.And I took it...”
The stranger felt surprised when seeing tears in the eyes of the middle-aged man in front of him. “Would you please go next door and tell the same story to the man in the store？”Gary asked.Then something surprised the stranger even more after hearing his story，the two middle-aged men hugged each other and cried together in the front of the wall of the store.（ ）46．The twin brothers argued with each other because of __ __．
A．a missing twenty-dollar bill
B．their father's death
C．the wall in the store
D．a middle-aged manA （ ）47．The underlined word“confess”probably means “__ __”．
A．坦白 B．证实 C．投诉 D．搜集
（ ）48．We can infer(推断) from the passage that __ _．
A．Gary believed his brother didn't take away the money
B．the strange man came to the store to see the twin brothers
C．the strange man and the twin brothers became good friends in the end
D．the wall of resentment finally came down after twenty years
A D （ ）49．The best title for the passage might be “__ __”．
A．The Twin Brothers
B．A Bad Strange Man
C．The Wall of Resentment
D．A Good Shop KeeperC
