课件26张PPT。第九讲
句子结构分析以及长句子讲解英语句子中的成份分为：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语六类。
宾语：表示动词的对象、承受者或后果。
定语：用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
状语：句子重要修饰成分，是谓语的另一个附加成分，附加在谓语中心语。
补语：起补充说明作用的部分，作用对象是主语和宾语，具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能。
中考中主要考查简单句的五种基本句型：1．主语＋谓语(SV)。
2．主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO)。
3．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC)。
4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语(人)＋直接宾语(物)(SVOO)。
5．主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP)。【热点考向一】 主语＋谓语 (SV)
1．此句型中的谓语是不及物动词。
如：I see.我明白了。
I'll try.我会试试。
Time flies.时间飞逝。
He can swim.他会游泳。
Who knows？谁知道呢？
That depends.那取决于……。Everybody smiled.每个人都微笑。
Water flows.水流动。
The children are playing.孩子们在玩耍。
Tim is sleeping.蒂姆正在睡觉。
She is crying.她正在哭。
He is reading.他正在看书。
It's snowing.下雪了。2．此句型中的动词为不及物动词，不及物动词词义自身完全，不需要宾语补足其意义，但有些动词词义必须由一个状语进行补充。如：
Birds sing beautifully.小鸟唱歌动听。
He reads loudly.他大声朗读。
He went on a holiday.他去度假。
We go for a walk.我们去散步。
They sit under the tree.他们在大树下坐着。Your sister dances beautifully.你姐姐优美地跳舞。
Jim and Tom study together every day.吉姆和汤姆每天在一起学习。
She swims like a fish.她像鱼一样游泳。
Her lecture lasted an hour.她的课持续了一个小时。
She is studying hard at the university.她在大学努力学习。
3．There be句型。There本身无意义，常弱读，其后的be动词具有“存在”之意，所以是一个实意动词。
如：There is a telephone in that room.在那个房间有一台电话。
There was a concert last night.昨天晚上有一场演唱会。例1：Drive slowly，Mary.________ is something ahead on the road.(2015，安徽)
解析：考查“there be”句型。
例2：Look! There are some birds ________(fly) in the sky.They are very beautiful.(2015，宜宾)
解析：“fly”在这里作不及物动词，“look”是现在进行时的标志，“look sb.doing sth.”意为“看到……正在做……”。
【热点考向二】 主语＋谓语＋宾语 (SVO)
这里的谓语为及物动词或相当于一个及物动词的短语动词。可具体分为以下几种句型：Thereflying1．主语＋谓语＋名词(代词)。
如：We love our country.我们爱我们的国家。
I like music.我喜欢音乐。
I saw her.我见过她。
Jane is looking after the children.简正在照顾孩子们。
He knows everything.他知道所有的事情。
He loves poetry.他热爱诗歌。2．主语＋谓语＋动名词。
如：She loves window shopping.她喜欢逛商店。
I enjoy living here.我喜欢住在这里。
I prefer standing.我更愿意站着。
3．主语＋谓语＋不定式。
如：I want to help him.我想帮助他。
He decided to leave.他决定离开。
We are expecting to see you soon.我们一直期待马上见到你。
I pretended to be cheated.我假装被欺骗了。
Soon he went to sleep.他马上就睡着了。4．主语＋谓语＋反身代词。
如：I can't express myself in English.我不能用英语介绍我自己。
Now，I'll introduce myself.现在，我要自我介绍了。
I can support myself.我能养活我自己。
5．主语＋谓语＋that引导的宾语从句。
如：I guess(that) we will leave now.我猜我们现在就要离开了。
I don't think(that) he is right.我认为他是错的。
I heard that you are back.我听说你回来了。6．主语＋谓语＋连接副(代)词引导的宾语从句。
如：I don't know what to do.我不知道做什么。
Do you understand what I mean？你明白我是什么意思吗？
I wonder how old he is.我想知道他多大了。
The teacher will explain how to do it.老师将会解释怎么做。
He forgot who I was.他忘记我是谁了。
I don't care what they say.我不介意他们说什么。例3：The weather forecast says that there ________(be) another storm tomorrow.(2015，广州)
解析：句子结构为“主语＋谓语＋that引导的宾语从句”，“tomorrow”为将来时的标志。
例4：Now，people have more ________(自由的) time.Square Dancing is becoming more and more popular.(2015，安徽)
解析：句子结构为“主语＋谓语＋名词”。will befree【热点考向三】 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 (SVOC)
这种句型具体可细分为以下四种类型：
1．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋名词。
常用于这种句型的动词有：appoint，call，choose，elect，entitle，find，make，name，nominate等。
如：We named our puppy Baby.我们给我们的小狗取名为宝贝。
They made him chairman.他们让他当上了主席。2．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋形容词。
常用于这种句型的动词有：beat，boil，cut，drive，find，get，hold，keep，leave，like，make，paint，see，set，turn，want，wash，wipe，wish等。
如：He painted the wall white.他把墙漆成了白色。
Please keep the room clean and tidy.请让房间保持干净整洁。
He never made me sad.他从来不让我伤心。
What made you angry？什么使你生气了？ 3．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋介词短语。
如：She always keeps everything in good order.她总是让所有的东西都井井有条。
What makes you in such a hurry？什么让你如此匆忙？
4．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋不定式。
如：I wish you to stay.我希望你留下来。
I persuade him to give up smoking.我极力说服他戒烟。
The teacher told us to study hard.老师告诉我们要努力学习。
I'll let him go.我会让他走。(不带to的动词不定式作宾语)例5：—Has Jane done the washing yet?
—You cannot ________(期望) her to do such a thing.(2015，苏州)
解析：句子结构为“主语＋谓语＋代词＋不定式”。
例6：—Tom，don't throw the rubbish on the floor.We should keep the classroom ________(干净的)．
—Oh，sorry.Miss Wang.(2015，自贡)
解析：句子结构为“主语＋谓语＋名词＋形容词”。expectclean【热点考向四】 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语(人)＋直接宾语(物) (SVOO)
这种句型可具体细分为以下四种类型：
1．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋名词。
如：I sent him a book.我送给他一本书。
I showed him my passport.我给他看我的护照。
She gave me her telephone number.她给我她的电话号码。
He gave Sandy a pen yesterday.＝He gave a pen to Sandy yesterday.他昨天给了姗迪一支钢笔。
Father made me a kite.＝Father made a kite for me.爸爸给我做了一个风筝。2．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋to/for短语。
间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有：bring，throw，give，hand，lend，pass，read，sell，send，show，tell，teach，wish，write，refuse，pay，promise，permit，offer，owe，leave，allow，deny，grant等。
间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有：make，cook，buy，play，sing，bring，cash，choose，fetch，get，leave，order，paint，save，spare等。
如：He sent a book to me.他送了一本书给我。
He bought a coat for me.他给我买了一件外套。
They didn't offer any help to us.他们没给我们提供任何帮助。3．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋连接副(代)词或引导的从句＋不定式。
如：He showed me how to do it.他向我展示如何去做。
He asked me what he should do.他问我他应该做什么。
4．主语＋谓语＋名词/代词＋that从句。
如：He told me that the film was great.他告诉我电影很棒。
例7：His uncle will ________(给) him a birthday present.It will be wonderful.(2015，重庆A/C卷)give解析：“give sb.sth.”意为“给某人某物”。
例8：This morning my mother asked me where Julia ________(go) last weekend.(2015，克拉玛依)
解析：句子结构为“主语＋谓语＋代词＋连接副词引导的从句”。由“last week”可知用一般过去时。went【热点考向五】 主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP)
1．除了be动词可以作系动词之外，还有以下几类动词可以作系动词：(1)表示感官的动词，指处于某种状态：feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem等。
如：The roses look very beautiful and smell sweet.玫瑰看起来非常漂亮，闻起来也很香。
This dish tastes very delicious.这道菜尝起来非常美味。
She appeared calm.她显得很冷静。
The report sounds true.这个报道听起来是真的。(2)表示转变、变化的动词，指状态的改变：become，get，grow，turn，go等。
如：Her face turns red.她的脸变红了。
The machine goes wrong.机器坏了。
The sea is growing calm.海面平静下来了。
Gradually，he became silent.渐渐地，他变得沉默了。(3)表示延续的动词，指状态的延续：remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。
如：It remains raining these days.这些天一直在持续下雨。
They stayed awake to work.他们保持清醒去工作。
Jenny kept silent.珍妮保持沉默。
(4)表示瞬时的动词：come，fall，set，cut，occur等。
如：Your dream will certainly come true.你的梦想一定会实现的。2．表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它位于系动词之后，与之构成系表结构。系表结构可分为以下两种：
(1)主语＋系动词＋名词/代词。
如：We remain friends.我们仍是朋友。
He became king when he was a child.在他还是个孩子时，他就当上了国王。
(2)主语＋系动词＋副词。
如：He is in good health.他身体很健康。
The show is from seven till ten.表演从7点持续到10点。例9：—What's wrong with you，Eric? You look ________(累的)．
—I stayed up to prepare for the final exam last night.(2015，安顺)
解析：“look”为系动词，后接形容词作表语。
例10：It's very nice of you ________(draw) pictures for me.(2015，克拉玛依)
解析：“it”为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。tiredto draw课件16张PPT。第九讲 句子结构分析及长句子讲解一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．I'm terribly sorry that I've kept you _________(wait) for so long.
2．—My friend has ________(achieve) his goal after years of hard work.
—Great!
3．I _______(go) to the countryside to see my grandmother this afternoon，so I can't go swimming with you.
4．—Would you mind my ________(use) your pen?
—Of course not.Here you are.
5．—I think students should have mobile phones ______(call) their parents.
—I don't agree.They often use them to play games instead.waitingachievedwill gousingto call6．Listen! The country music ________(sound) so sweet.
7．The old man was so _______(excite) about the good news that he couldn't say a word.
8．Air pollution has become ______________(serious) than ever before.We must do something to stop it.
9．My father do exercise every day，so he looks __________(health)．
10．The roof of the house needs __________(repair)．It's raining now.soundsexcitedmore serioushealthyrepairing二、根据中文提示填写单词。
11．He ________(送) a book to me as my birthday present last night.
12．One of my mother's classmates ________(变成) a doctor 5 years ago.
13．I ________(花费) lots of my free time playing basketball for my school team.
14．My friend invited me ________(参加) part in the dance club yesterday.
15．Eating a balanced diet can make you ______(保持) healthy.sentbecamespendto takekeep16．The zoo keeper will ________(提供) animals with food and drink.
17．You should learn to ________(拒绝) the things you don't like to do.
18．—Could you help me _______(查询) out when the plane will take off on the Internet?
—I'm sorry，my computer doesn't work.
19．I'm going to the airport to ________(送行) off my friend，Mary.She is going to London on holiday.
20．Many students ask for advice about how to _________(提高) their English.providerefusefindseeimprove三、阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(每空不多于3个单词)。
Two weeks ago，my daughter and I 21._______(be) eating dinner.I saw a policeman walking past our house.An old woman with a sad look was following 22.______(he)．
I opened the door and asked whether everything was OK.The policeman said the woman's son 23._______ lost an hour ago.I said we didn't see the boy，24._______ we could help.Then I said to my daughter we couldn't finish our dinner right then. However，she didn't agree 25._______ what I said.“Please be kind，Daddy.”We got into our car and looked for the boy all over the town.Along the way，a group of werehimwas/gotbutwithchildren 26.______(are) playing.After they heard 27._______ was happening，they said they 28._______(will) help us.They 29.________(ride) their bikes and joined us happily.I felt very excited.
At last，we found the boy a few miles away.I was so pleased 30.____ see so many people help a stranger.It's a nice world.四、阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
It was Friday morning.A young man who worked in a car company finally decided __31__ his boss for a raise (加薪)．Before __32__ work，he told his wife what he wanted __33__．All day long，he felt __34__．Finally，in the late afternoon，he talked to his boss，and to his joy，the boss agreed.werewhatwouldrodeto The husband arrived home __35__，and was surprised __36__ a beautiful table set with their best knives and forks and lighted candles.The food on it __37__ great.He thought that __38__ from his office had called his wife and told her about the good news.
__39__ his wife in the kitchen，he shared his good news __40__ her as soon as he could.They hugged each other and danced to the music __41__ the room before sitting down __42__ the wonderful meal.Next to his plate，he found a card that __43__，“Congratulations，darling! I know you've got the raise! This dinner is to show how much I love you.”
Later，on his way to the kitchen to help his wife prepare for the dessert，he saw another __44__ that had fallen from her pocket.He picked it up and it said，“No matter __45__ you got the raise or not，you may get it anyway sooner or later! I will always be here with you ！”
With tears (眼泪) in his eyes，he hugged his wife，for her great love. （ ）31.A.to ask B．ask C．asking D．asked
（ ）32.A.talking about B．leaving for C．giving up D．looking for
（ ）33.A.doing B．to do C．does D．do
（ ）34.A.angry B．relaxed C．nervous D．sad
（ ）35.A.angrily B．unhappily C．sadly D．happily
（ ）36.A.to see B．seeing C．see D．saw
（ ）37.A.felt B．sounded C．smelt D．tastedABBCDAC （ ）38.A.someone B．everyone C．nobody D．anyone
（ ）39.A.Finding B．Watching C．Catching D．Realising
（ ）40.A.to B．with C．about D．for
（ ）41.A.over B．around C．above D．below
（ ）42.A.have B．having C．had D．to have
（ ）43.A.spoke B．told C．wrote D．read
（ ）44.A.stamp B．card C．ticket D．list
（ ）45.A.whether B．what C．how D．whichAABBDDBA 五、阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I entered St.Thomas' Hospital as a medical student at the age of 18，and spent five years there.I was an unsatisfied(不满足的) student.I had always wanted to be a writer，and in the evening，I wrote and read.Before long，I wrote a novel，called Liza of Lambeth，which I sent to a publisher(出版商) and was taken.It came out during my last year at the hospital and had something of success.It was of course an accident，but naturally I didn't know that.I felt I could afford to give up medicine and make writing my profession.So，three days after I graduated from the school of medicine，I set out for Spain to write another book.Looking back now，and knowing as I do the terrible difficulties of making a living by writing，I realize I was taking a fearful risk (冒险)．It never ever happened to me. The next ten years were very hard，and I made 100 pounds a year.Then I had a bit of luck.The manager of the Court Theatre put on a play that failed; the next play he planned to put on was not ready，and he_was_at_his_wit's_end．He read a play of mine and，though he did not much like it，he thought it might just run for the six weeks till the play he had in heart could be produced.It ran for 15 months.In a short while I had four plays running in London at the same time.Nothing of the kind had ever happened before.I was the talk of the town.One of the students at St.Thomas's Hospital asked the surgeon(外科医生) with whom I had worked whether he remembered me.“Yes，I remember him quite well，”he said，“One of our failures(失败)，I'm afraid.”（ ）46．The writer gave up medicine and made writing his profession because __ __．
A．he didn't study medicine well
B．his first book was a little successful
C．he couldn't get enough money as a doctor
D．he didn't want to spend five years learning medicine
（ ）47．After he went to Spain，the writer __ __.
A．acted in a play B．lived a poor life
C．had to give up writing D．became a famous doctor BB（ ）48．The underlined part“he was at his wit's end”means __ __．
A．he didn't know what to do
B．he was ready to help others
C．he was successful at that time
D．he didn't realize what would happen
（ ）49．The manager of the Court Theatre agreed to put on the writer's play because ____．
A．the writer was his good friend
B．he liked the writer's plays very much
C．he couldn't find a new play in time
D．the writer had studied medicine beforeAC六、根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思，写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Have you ever heard of Ruth Simmons，the president of a famous American college for women?
In 1945, Ruth was 50.________(出生) in a poor family in Grapeland, Texas. Her parents were 51.__________(农民) and she was the youngest of their twelve children. Their family was so poor that Ruth never had any toys. Even for Christmas, she didn't 52.______________(得到) any presents at all 53.________(除……外) a shoebox with an apple, an orange, and some nuts. Then the family moved into the city, Huston. In the city, their 54.______________(日常的) life was much harder. And at that time, life was dangerous for African Americans, 55.__________(尤其) in the South.bornfarmersreceive/getexceptdaily/everydayespecially At the age of five, Ruth entered a school and she was lucky to have some 56.______________ (优秀的) teachers. After she graduated, she began to work as a college teacher and administrator. Soon people began to 57._______ (注意) her and look up to her abilities. Ruth believes every learner can 58._____________(经历) the same thing.
Now the women in her country are 59._______(自豪的) of her.good/excellentnoticeexperienceproud
