Unit 1 Past and present Reading 知识点（含答案） 2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册
文档属性
| 名称 | Unit 1 Past and present Reading 知识点（含答案） 2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 40.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-06-17 16:25:07 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 1 Past and present
Reading
知识点：
1.have an interview with sb. 采访某人
interviewer n. 采访者 interviewee n.被采访者
interview v. 采访 interview sb. 采访某人
2. I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents.
我第一次和父母住在镇的北部。
【知识拓展】在… 的北部(南部 东部 西部) in the north/south/east/west of
在… 的北部(不包含在内且不接壤) to the northern part of
在… 的北部(接壤) on the northern part of
3. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we've lived in this area since then.
当我1965年结婚时,我和我妻子搬到了两个街区以外,此后我们一直住在这里。
get married“结婚”
【知识拓展】
①当表示某人结婚多久时，不能用 get married，而要用 be married
get married表示动作, be married表示状态。
②marry sb.表示嫁给某人；与...结婚
marry sb. to sb.表示父母把女儿嫁给某人 或为儿子娶媳妇.
③married 形容词，已婚的
get/be married to sb. 和某人结婚，相当于marry sb.
④marry作不及物动词时, 往往用副词或介词短语来修饰.
⑤marriage n. 婚姻
4. Now the government has turn part of the town centre into a new park.
现在政府已把市中心的一部分改建成一个新公园。
turn … into… =change ...into 把….变成…
【拓展】turn的常用短语有
turn on(开) turn off(关) turn up(调高) turn down(调低)
turn left(向左转) turn right(向右转) turn over(翻身) turn to(转向)
5.They often put the waste into the river. 他们经常把垃圾倒进河里。
【知识拓展】
put away v.放好, 储存...备用, 处理掉 put on v.穿上；增加,
put up v.举起, 抬起,；张贴，挂；搭建 put down v.放下；拒绝；镇压
put out v扑灭 put in 插话
put back,放回 put off 推迟
6. Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation. 后来政府意识到了这个问题，并采取行动改善了这种状况。
(1)意识到这个问题 realize the problem
realize v. 实现
realize one’s dream(实现某人的梦想)
=come true 也有“实现”的意思
(2)采取措施改善形势 take action to improve the situation
【知识拓展】采取措施做某事 act to do sth./ do sth. to do sth.
take action to do sth.
(3)改善这种状况: improve the situation
improve v.提高，改善 名词形式为improvement
7. Well, in some ways it is. 嗯，在某些方面确实如此。
【知识拓展】关于way 相关短语
all the way一直，完全
by the way顺便地，附带地说说
in a way在某种程度上
in the/sb's way挡道的，妨碍某人的
on one’s way to....在去什么的路上
no way无论如何不，不可能
under way在进行中
8. We used to play cards and Chinese chess together.
我们以前一起打牌和下象棋。
【知识拓展】棋类、球类表达：play+棋类、球类名称
乐器类表达：play+the+乐器名称
9. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before .
能够像以前那样经常看见彼此对于我们来说是不可能的。
impossible adj.不可能的；n.不可能；不可能的事
属于前缀否定形容词；常见前缀有如下：
(1)dis-常加在名词、形容词、动词之前.
如：agreement (同意；一致) — disagreement (分歧；不一致)
(2)im-常加在以字母m-,p-开头的形容词之前.
如：moral (道德的)— immoral (不道德的)
possible (可能的) — impossible (不可能的)
(3)un-常加在名词、形容词、副词之前.
如：happiness (幸福) — unhappiness (不幸福)
important(重要的)—unimportant (不重要的)
(4)in-常加在名词、形容词之前
如：ability(能力)— inability(无能;无力)
correct(正确的)— incorrect(不正确的)
10. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 现在我偶尔会感到有点孤独。
(1)a bit 一点
【辨析】a bit，a little，a little bit
①a bit和a little在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换表示“一点儿”的意思。
②a bit和a little在否定句中的意思恰恰相反
not a bit=not at all(一点儿都不) not a little=very(much)(很、非常)
③a little可以直接作定语修饰名词而a bit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语,两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
【知识拓展】
a bit of的另一种形式是bits of, a little没有这种变体
a little+形容词=a bit+形容词=a little bit+形容词;
a little+名词=a bit of+名词
(2)lonely意为“孤独的”, 表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞, 它为形容词,在句中作表语或定语。作定语时, 意为“荒凉；偏僻”, 多修饰表示地点的名词。
alone为形容词,意为“单独的”, 只作表语,不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人, 没有助手或同伴, 表示客观的状态。
alone还可以作副词. adv.单独；独自 = on one’s own =by oneself
(3)from time to time = sometimes= at times 时不时, 偶尔
【知识拓展】all the time 一直，始终
at all times 随时，总是
on time 准时，按时
in time 及时，迟早
at a time 每次
at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度
in no time 立刻，马上
11. anyway adv. 无论如何
如：Anyway, we are all have fun these days.(总之，这些天，他们玩的很开心)
12. Mr Chen knows little about Sunshine Town. 陈先生对阳光城知之甚少。
【知识拓展】对…了解很多 know more/a lot about
13. Mr Chen moved away from his parents when he got married.
陈先生结婚后离开了父母。
【知识拓展】把…搬离… move…away from…
搬进 move into
搬到... move to
14.Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
阳光镇发生了惊人的变化。
(1)take place发生，注意与happen的区别：
①take place一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，及这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排
②happen一般用于偶然或突然性事件
(2)take place 举行
同步练习
一、根据句意及中、英文提示完成单词
1. The old man feels_______(孤独的) without his children living with him.
2. You will_______(意识到) the mistake you made today in the future.
3. This is the fastest way to_______(提高) your English.
4. The teacher often tells me that nothing is_______(cannot happen) if I put my heart into it.
5. The_______are chatting with each other while their husbands are watching the football match.
6. The government should stop the factories from putting the_______(废料) into the lake.
7. Look! They are playing an interesting game. Those husbands are looking for their w_______, with their eyes covered.
8. If you want to_______(to make something come true) your dream, you must study hard from now on.
9. If we don’t pay much attention to the environment, p_______will get worse and worse.
10. -What’s on TV
-The famous reporter is having an i_______with an actor.
答案：1. lonely 2. realize 3. improve 4. impossible 5. wives
6. waste 7. wives 8. realize/achieve 9. pollution 10. interview
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I know the Great Wall lies in the_______(north) part of China.
2. Now water_______(pollute) has been one of the most serious problems.
3. Jill hasn’t done much exercise since she_______(get) her computer.
4. It was_______(possible) to sleep because of the noise outside.
5. My aunt and uncle got_______(marry) thirty years ago. Now they have two children.
答案：1. northern 2. pollution 3. got 4. impossible 5. married
三、单项选择
( ) 1. Copying others’ homework is a bad learning habit. _______, it is never too late for you to get out of it.
A. Instead B. Finally C. Anyway D. Similarly
( ) 2. -Ms Griffin, what should we do_______stupid mistakes in the coming exams
-Be more careful.
A. avoid make B. avoiding making C. avoid making D. to avoid making
( ) 3. -The air is very fresh in our city. There is less_______than before.
-Yes. The government has taken action to protect the environment.
A. wood B. pollution C. noise D. water
( ) 4. -Where do you live
-I live near the supermarket in the_______part of town_______my family.
A. north, with B. northern, with C. north, and D. northern, and
( ) 5. -It has been much easier for me to go to work_______shared bikes appeared.
-But they also caused plenty of problems.
A. since B. before C. unless D. though
( ) 6. We invite successful businessmen to give a talk_______in our college.
A. from day to night B. from time to time C. from one to another D. from past to now
( ) 7. Jim said life without old friends was_______. He will visit some of his old friends tomorrow.
A. a bit of boring B. a bit boring C. a bit bored D. a bit of bored
( ) 8. I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it_______a lot over the years.
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed
( ) 9. The paper factory has caused a lot of serious environmental pollution in my hometown_______.
A. last year B. once a month C. in five years D. over the past five years
( ) 10. -It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
-Yes. Great changes_______in my hometown since I left home.
A. have taken place B. were taken place C. took place D. will take place
答案：1-5 CDDBD 6-10 BBDDA
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 南京已变成了一个美丽的城市。
Nanjing_______already_______ _______a beautiful city.
2. 大城市的噪声污染比乡村多。
There is_______ _______ _______in big cities_______that in villages.
3. 因为我父母搬去了上海，所以我感到有点儿孤单。
I_______ _______ _______lonely because my parents_______ _______ _______Shanghai.
4. 在某种程度上，我同意你的看法。
_______ _______ _______, I agree with you.
5. 政府意识到问题很严重，采取措施改善了这种状况。
The government_______it was a very_______ _______and_______ _______to_______the_______.
答案：1. has, turned into 2. more noise pollution, than
3. feel a bit/little, have moved to 4. In some ways
5. realized, serious problem, took action, improve, situation
五、根据短文内容及首字母提示完成单词
Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for m____1___food than they can eat and o___2____often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say it’s nothing serious because they can afford these things. But I don’t a___3____with them.
Waste can bring a lot of p___4____. Although China is r___5____in some resources, we are short of others, like f___6____water. It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the f___7____and where can we move Think about it. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our d____8___life, we can do many things to prevent waste from h___9____, such as turning off the water taps when we finish washing, turning off the lights when we leave the classroom, and trying not to o____10___more food than we need. Little by little, everything will be changed.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10. _______
答案：1. more 2. others 3. agree 4. problems 5. rich
6. fresh 7. future 8. daily 9. happening 10. order
Reading
知识点：
1.have an interview with sb. 采访某人
interviewer n. 采访者 interviewee n.被采访者
interview v. 采访 interview sb. 采访某人
2. I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents.
我第一次和父母住在镇的北部。
【知识拓展】在… 的北部(南部 东部 西部) in the north/south/east/west of
在… 的北部(不包含在内且不接壤) to the northern part of
在… 的北部(接壤) on the northern part of
3. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we've lived in this area since then.
当我1965年结婚时,我和我妻子搬到了两个街区以外,此后我们一直住在这里。
get married“结婚”
【知识拓展】
①当表示某人结婚多久时，不能用 get married，而要用 be married
get married表示动作, be married表示状态。
②marry sb.表示嫁给某人；与...结婚
marry sb. to sb.表示父母把女儿嫁给某人 或为儿子娶媳妇.
③married 形容词，已婚的
get/be married to sb. 和某人结婚，相当于marry sb.
④marry作不及物动词时, 往往用副词或介词短语来修饰.
⑤marriage n. 婚姻
4. Now the government has turn part of the town centre into a new park.
现在政府已把市中心的一部分改建成一个新公园。
turn … into… =change ...into 把….变成…
【拓展】turn的常用短语有
turn on(开) turn off(关) turn up(调高) turn down(调低)
turn left(向左转) turn right(向右转) turn over(翻身) turn to(转向)
5.They often put the waste into the river. 他们经常把垃圾倒进河里。
【知识拓展】
put away v.放好, 储存...备用, 处理掉 put on v.穿上；增加,
put up v.举起, 抬起,；张贴，挂；搭建 put down v.放下；拒绝；镇压
put out v扑灭 put in 插话
put back,放回 put off 推迟
6. Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation. 后来政府意识到了这个问题，并采取行动改善了这种状况。
(1)意识到这个问题 realize the problem
realize v. 实现
realize one’s dream(实现某人的梦想)
=come true 也有“实现”的意思
(2)采取措施改善形势 take action to improve the situation
【知识拓展】采取措施做某事 act to do sth./ do sth. to do sth.
take action to do sth.
(3)改善这种状况: improve the situation
improve v.提高，改善 名词形式为improvement
7. Well, in some ways it is. 嗯，在某些方面确实如此。
【知识拓展】关于way 相关短语
all the way一直，完全
by the way顺便地，附带地说说
in a way在某种程度上
in the/sb's way挡道的，妨碍某人的
on one’s way to....在去什么的路上
no way无论如何不，不可能
under way在进行中
8. We used to play cards and Chinese chess together.
我们以前一起打牌和下象棋。
【知识拓展】棋类、球类表达：play+棋类、球类名称
乐器类表达：play+the+乐器名称
9. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before .
能够像以前那样经常看见彼此对于我们来说是不可能的。
impossible adj.不可能的；n.不可能；不可能的事
属于前缀否定形容词；常见前缀有如下：
(1)dis-常加在名词、形容词、动词之前.
如：agreement (同意；一致) — disagreement (分歧；不一致)
(2)im-常加在以字母m-,p-开头的形容词之前.
如：moral (道德的)— immoral (不道德的)
possible (可能的) — impossible (不可能的)
(3)un-常加在名词、形容词、副词之前.
如：happiness (幸福) — unhappiness (不幸福)
important(重要的)—unimportant (不重要的)
(4)in-常加在名词、形容词之前
如：ability(能力)— inability(无能;无力)
correct(正确的)— incorrect(不正确的)
10. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 现在我偶尔会感到有点孤独。
(1)a bit 一点
【辨析】a bit，a little，a little bit
①a bit和a little在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换表示“一点儿”的意思。
②a bit和a little在否定句中的意思恰恰相反
not a bit=not at all(一点儿都不) not a little=very(much)(很、非常)
③a little可以直接作定语修饰名词而a bit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语,两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
【知识拓展】
a bit of的另一种形式是bits of, a little没有这种变体
a little+形容词=a bit+形容词=a little bit+形容词;
a little+名词=a bit of+名词
(2)lonely意为“孤独的”, 表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞, 它为形容词,在句中作表语或定语。作定语时, 意为“荒凉；偏僻”, 多修饰表示地点的名词。
alone为形容词,意为“单独的”, 只作表语,不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人, 没有助手或同伴, 表示客观的状态。
alone还可以作副词. adv.单独；独自 = on one’s own =by oneself
(3)from time to time = sometimes= at times 时不时, 偶尔
【知识拓展】all the time 一直，始终
at all times 随时，总是
on time 准时，按时
in time 及时，迟早
at a time 每次
at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度
in no time 立刻，马上
11. anyway adv. 无论如何
如：Anyway, we are all have fun these days.(总之，这些天，他们玩的很开心)
12. Mr Chen knows little about Sunshine Town. 陈先生对阳光城知之甚少。
【知识拓展】对…了解很多 know more/a lot about
13. Mr Chen moved away from his parents when he got married.
陈先生结婚后离开了父母。
【知识拓展】把…搬离… move…away from…
搬进 move into
搬到... move to
14.Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
阳光镇发生了惊人的变化。
(1)take place发生，注意与happen的区别：
①take place一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，及这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排
②happen一般用于偶然或突然性事件
(2)take place 举行
同步练习
一、根据句意及中、英文提示完成单词
1. The old man feels_______(孤独的) without his children living with him.
2. You will_______(意识到) the mistake you made today in the future.
3. This is the fastest way to_______(提高) your English.
4. The teacher often tells me that nothing is_______(cannot happen) if I put my heart into it.
5. The_______are chatting with each other while their husbands are watching the football match.
6. The government should stop the factories from putting the_______(废料) into the lake.
7. Look! They are playing an interesting game. Those husbands are looking for their w_______, with their eyes covered.
8. If you want to_______(to make something come true) your dream, you must study hard from now on.
9. If we don’t pay much attention to the environment, p_______will get worse and worse.
10. -What’s on TV
-The famous reporter is having an i_______with an actor.
答案：1. lonely 2. realize 3. improve 4. impossible 5. wives
6. waste 7. wives 8. realize/achieve 9. pollution 10. interview
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I know the Great Wall lies in the_______(north) part of China.
2. Now water_______(pollute) has been one of the most serious problems.
3. Jill hasn’t done much exercise since she_______(get) her computer.
4. It was_______(possible) to sleep because of the noise outside.
5. My aunt and uncle got_______(marry) thirty years ago. Now they have two children.
答案：1. northern 2. pollution 3. got 4. impossible 5. married
三、单项选择
( ) 1. Copying others’ homework is a bad learning habit. _______, it is never too late for you to get out of it.
A. Instead B. Finally C. Anyway D. Similarly
( ) 2. -Ms Griffin, what should we do_______stupid mistakes in the coming exams
-Be more careful.
A. avoid make B. avoiding making C. avoid making D. to avoid making
( ) 3. -The air is very fresh in our city. There is less_______than before.
-Yes. The government has taken action to protect the environment.
A. wood B. pollution C. noise D. water
( ) 4. -Where do you live
-I live near the supermarket in the_______part of town_______my family.
A. north, with B. northern, with C. north, and D. northern, and
( ) 5. -It has been much easier for me to go to work_______shared bikes appeared.
-But they also caused plenty of problems.
A. since B. before C. unless D. though
( ) 6. We invite successful businessmen to give a talk_______in our college.
A. from day to night B. from time to time C. from one to another D. from past to now
( ) 7. Jim said life without old friends was_______. He will visit some of his old friends tomorrow.
A. a bit of boring B. a bit boring C. a bit bored D. a bit of bored
( ) 8. I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it_______a lot over the years.
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed
( ) 9. The paper factory has caused a lot of serious environmental pollution in my hometown_______.
A. last year B. once a month C. in five years D. over the past five years
( ) 10. -It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
-Yes. Great changes_______in my hometown since I left home.
A. have taken place B. were taken place C. took place D. will take place
答案：1-5 CDDBD 6-10 BBDDA
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 南京已变成了一个美丽的城市。
Nanjing_______already_______ _______a beautiful city.
2. 大城市的噪声污染比乡村多。
There is_______ _______ _______in big cities_______that in villages.
3. 因为我父母搬去了上海，所以我感到有点儿孤单。
I_______ _______ _______lonely because my parents_______ _______ _______Shanghai.
4. 在某种程度上，我同意你的看法。
_______ _______ _______, I agree with you.
5. 政府意识到问题很严重，采取措施改善了这种状况。
The government_______it was a very_______ _______and_______ _______to_______the_______.
答案：1. has, turned into 2. more noise pollution, than
3. feel a bit/little, have moved to 4. In some ways
5. realized, serious problem, took action, improve, situation
五、根据短文内容及首字母提示完成单词
Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for m____1___food than they can eat and o___2____often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say it’s nothing serious because they can afford these things. But I don’t a___3____with them.
Waste can bring a lot of p___4____. Although China is r___5____in some resources, we are short of others, like f___6____water. It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the f___7____and where can we move Think about it. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our d____8___life, we can do many things to prevent waste from h___9____, such as turning off the water taps when we finish washing, turning off the lights when we leave the classroom, and trying not to o____10___more food than we need. Little by little, everything will be changed.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10. _______
答案：1. more 2. others 3. agree 4. problems 5. rich
6. fresh 7. future 8. daily 9. happening 10. order