2016届中考英语（译林版）复习热点题型学案：第2课时 完形填空

第2课时　完 形 填 空
　　[题型特征]1. 都是从短文中抽去若 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )干词,让考生根据上下文填入适当的词,为了有助于考生填入适当的词,可以提供三个或者四个答案(其中包括一个正确答案),让考生选出正确的答案。
2. 近年来完形填空题目降低了对单词本身的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考查要求,重点考查考生对短文的整体理解,上下文的段落衔接,情理分析及推理判断能力。3. 完形填空出现大多以意义选择为主、语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。
[解题策略]中考完形填空题越来越注重结合上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )下文综合考查学生运用英语的能力,而减少对单词本身词义的考查。趋向全面考查学生的阅读理解能力、词汇运用能力、逻辑分析和推理判断能力。
解题方法有:1. 通读完形填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。
2. 重视文章的主题句。完 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形填空所用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
3. 语境联想:利用上下文的提示,用学过的知识和已有的生活经验,扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。
案例　(2015·江苏徐州·16~30·15分)
“Sesame Street” is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a TV programme for children. It first appeared in New York 　1　 1969. It is called “the longest street in the world”. That’s 　2　 the TV programme by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world.
In the US over si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )x million children watch the programme regularly. The 　3　 include more than half the nation’s pre-school(学龄前) children. Parents love the programme. Many teachers also consider it a great help,　4　 some educators are against certain things in it. Tests show children from different 　5　 have benefited(受益) from watching the programme. Those who watch it five times　6　 week learn more than those who watch it once in a while. In the US the programme is shown at 　7　 hours so that more children can watch it.
The programmes al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l 　8　 songs,stories,jokes and pictures to help children understand numbers,letters and human relationship. But there are some differences. 　9　,the programme made in Mexico City 　10　 more time to teaching whole words than to teaching letters one by one.
Why is “Sesame Street” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more successful than other children’s shows There 　11　many reasons—the good education of its producers,the support 　12　 the government and businesses,and the skillful use of many TV tricks. Also 　13　 watch it along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on it. But the best reason may be that it makes every child 　14　 able to learn. Children find themselves learning,and they want to learn 　15　.
1. A. at B. on
C. in D. since
2. A. why B. because
C. when D. how
3. A. viewers B. visitors
C. witnesses D. settlers
4. A. and B. so
C. though D. or
5. A. films B. cartoons
C. stories D. backgrounds
6. A. a B. an
C. the D. 不填
7. A. the same B. different
C. early D. late
8. A. use B. take
C. sing D. do
9. A. Till now B. As a result
C. For example D. In all
10. A. donates B. costs
C. spends D. devotes
11. A. is B. are
C. was D. were
12. A. for B. with
C. about D. from
13. A. teachers B. doctors
C. volunteers D. mothers
14. A. feel B. to feel
C. feeling D. felt
15. A. many B. much
C. more D. most
【文章大意】本篇文章是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫“芝麻街”的儿童电视节目及人们对于这个节目的看法和受欢迎的原因。
1. C　【解析】本题考查介词的用法。具体的年前面用in。
2. A　【解析】本题考查连词的用法。根据上文“它是世界上历史最悠久的街”可知是这个节目为什么受欢迎的原因。why引导表语从句。
3. A　【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知孩子们喜欢看、家长喜欢看、老师也喜欢看,换句话就是说“电视观众”的人群庞大。
4. C　【解析】本题考查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )连词的用法。联系下文中的against可知尽管孩子们喜欢看、家长喜欢看、许多老师也喜欢看,可是一些教育工作者还是反对其中的某些东西,故选C。
5. D　【解析】本题考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查名词词义辨析。联系上文可知孩子们喜欢这个节目,故推知“不同背景”的孩子们都受益匪浅。其他“电影”、“卡通”、“故事”均不合文义,故排除。
6. A　【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。根据上下文可知看5次要比一次收获多,而week是以辅音因素开头的单词,故选A,
7. B　【解析】本题考查形容词的词义 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辨析。根据下文so that more children can watch it“为了更多的孩子观看”可推知应在不同的时间播放才好。
8. A　【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据下文的to help children understand numbers,letters and human relationship“来帮助孩子们理解数字、字母和人物关系”可推知是借助于一些歌曲、故事、笑话和图片,故选A。
9. C　【解析】本题考查介词短语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辨析。根据上文可知虽然使用歌曲、故事、笑话和图片来帮助孩子们理解数字、字母和人物关系,但是还是有区别的,下面是举例说明,故选C。
10. D　【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。donate捐赠;cost花费(物作主语);spend花费,(人作主语),结构为spend some time(in) doing sth;devote奉献;把……用于,结构为devote...to doing sth。故选D。
11. B　【解析】本题考查固定句式。There be句型的就近原则。
12. D　【解析】本题考查介词的用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。根据上文可知这个节目之所以受欢迎原因很多,又根据the support和下文的政府可推知是“来自”政府的支持。
13. D　【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。根据下文with their children“和他们的孩子们一起”可推知应该是父母亲,故选D,
14. A　【解析】本题考查动词的固定用法。根据上文的makes可知该题考查make...do...,故选A。
15. C　【解析】本题考查副词的比较级。联系上文可知孩子们想学的更多,故选C,much的比较级,修饰learn。
Ⅰ. (2015·湖南永州·31~40·10分)
As we know,there ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e four seasons in a year. When spring 　1　,it’s getting warmer and warmer. Everything comes back to life. Trees turn 　2　. There are beautiful flowers and grass here and there. Children can 　3　 kites in the sky. 　4　 summer,the weather becomes hot. 　5　 people can take part in more activities outside,such as running in the morning,taking a walk in the evening,going camping,　6　 in the river,travelling with family,and so on. 　7　 comes after summer. It’s a harvest season. We can taste 　8　 of fresh fruits. The weather is neither too hot nor too cold. People feel comfortable. It usually snows in winter in my hometown. Snowing 　9　 us excited. Children are 　10　 in making snowmen outside. A heavy snow will predict a good year. The four seasons bring us happiness and pleasure. We should love and treasure(珍惜) them.
1. A. goes B. comes C. moves
2. A. green B. yellow C. red
3. A. do B. buy C. fly
4. A. On B. In C. At
5. A. But B. Because C. Or
6. A. climbing B. sleeping C. swimming
7. A. Spring B. Autumn C. Winter
8. A. few B. much C. lots
9. A. makes B. takes C. does
10. A. bored B. interested C. surprised
Ⅱ. (2015·江苏苏州·16~25·10分)
How would you u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se a radio or a telephone if you had no electricity or batteries These 　1　 bothered(使烦恼) British inventor Trevor Baylis. So in 1996 he 　2　 a wind-up(装有发条的) radio. It doesn’t need electricity or batteries. You wind it up 　3　 hand. It plays for about an hour. Then,you wind it up 　4　. Today it’s made in South Africa.
Then in 1999,Baylis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) invented a mobile telephone that is powered by 　5　. The shoes contain(含有) a small battery that is powered when you 　6　. This battery is connected to a mobile phone. These two simple inventions can bring modern 　7　 to all parts of the world.
Baylis doesn’t have a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) university degree in engineering. In 　8　,he left high school before graduating(毕业). He just loves 　9　 things to help people. He never knows 　10　 ideas will come to him. The idea for the telephone came to him in a dream.
1. A. dreams B. problems C. winders D. wishes
2. A. invented B. improved C. borrowed D. copied
3. A. in B. at C. on D. by
4. A. then B. slowly C. again D. finally
5. A. sun B. shoe C. caps D. wind
6. A. sleep B. walk C. rest D. chat
7. A. communic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ations B. exhibitions C. suggestions D. instructions
8. A. fact B. order C. need D. time
9. A. buying B. selling C. making D. collecting
10. A. while B. because C. unless D. when
Ⅲ. (2015·湖南益阳·36~45·10分)
An old man lived al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one in Australia. He wanted to dig up his potato garden,but it was very 　1　 work. His only son,who always 　2　 him in the past,was then in prison(监狱). So the old man wrote a letter to his son and said:
I am feeling pretty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) bad because I won’t be able to 　3　 potatoes in my garden this year. I’m just getting too old to 　4　 a garden. If you were here,all my 　5　 would be over. I know you would dig up the garden for me if you 　6　 in prison.
Love,
Dad
Soon the old man 　7　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a letter,“Dad,don’t dig up the garden!That’s where I buried(埋藏) the guns!”
At 8 am the next morni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng,some 　8　 came and dig up the whole garden without finding any guns. The old man was surprised and wrote another 　9　 to his son. He told him what had happened,and 　10　 him what to do next.
His son’s reply wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s:“You could plant your potatoes,Dad. It’s the best I could do for you from here.”
1. A. hard B. interesting C. simple
2. A. taught B. helped C. changed
3. A. cook B. put C. plant
4. A. put up B. get up C. dig up
5. A. trouble B. illness C. danger
6. A. weren’t B. stayed C. were
7. A. wrote B. received C. sent
8. A. friends B. neighbors C. policemen
9. A. diary B. report C. letter
10. A. told B. called C. asked
Ⅳ. (2015·浙江嘉兴·26~40·15分)
One day,the student ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of Class 6 were reading in the classroom. Mrs Brown came in and told the whole class that they would have to change 　1　 in March. The naughtiest class in the grade could not 　2　 it. The pupils all disagreed with the decision,so they shouted when Mrs Brown said it was because a new pupil would be 　3　 the class. The class was in disorder. “Why must we move to another classroom just because someone new is coming ” one of them asked 　4　. Mrs Brown waited patiently before the class without saying anything. The students saw it and they became quiet. Mrs Brown told them to be 　5　 to their new classmate and then she left.
The following week,t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he class understood 　6　. The principal himself brought the new student to their class. 　7　,Mr White pushed the new student to the class because the student was in a wheelchair. Mr White 　8　 the new student as Jeff and asked them to be friendly to him. He said that Jeff now was a 　9　 of the class and they should work together. He added,“A house divided(分开) against itself cannot stand.” 　10　 could fully understand what Mr White meant at first.
Over time,they be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gan to understand what their principal meant. Jeff was a 　11　 student and often lent a helping hand to students who did not understand 　12　 work. They felt very thankful to him. They took turns to wheel him about 　13　 they knew well that when someone did something for you,you 　14　 do something back in return. Not only did their results 　15　,but their behaviour became better. It was a special year Class 6 would never forget.
1. A. partner B. lesson C. teacher D. classroom
2. A. try B. catch C. believe D. manage
3. A. leading B. helping C. visiting D. joining
4. A. sadly B. angrily C. seriously D. coldly
5. A. nice B. useful C. honest D. careful
6. A. why B. where C. when D. how
7. A. So far B. Above all C. As usual D. In fact
8. A. mistook B. described C. introduced D. remembered
9. A. hope B. member C. Monitor D. symbol
10. A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Everybody
11. A. lucky B. strict C. funny D. bright
12. A. his B. her C. their D. our
13. A. if B. because C. until D. though
14. A. should B. could C. might D. would
15. A. appear B. develop C. improve D. continue
Ⅴ. (2015·江苏南京·16~24·10分)
Natural resources ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are things that we use that come from Earth. Our natural resources are limited(有限的). This means that they will not 　1　 forever. Some are renewable,like when you plant a new tree when you 　2　 one down. Others are not renewable,like when you dig coal(煤) out of the 　3　. Once it is used,it is gone.
People realize the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　4　 that Earth’s natural resources are limited,and can do things to help conserve(节约) those resources. 　5　 you try to conserve a natural resource,you try to use less of it so it does not get used up so 　6　. One way that people conserve fuel,like gasoline,is by riding a bicycle or walking when the 　7　 is short instead of driving everywhere.
Water is a ver ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y important natural resource because we all need it to stay 　8　. We can conserve water 　9　 making sure that our pipes and taps do not leak(漏). We can also make 　10　 choices to conserve water,like only using the dishwasher or washing machine when they are full. Everyone can make contributions to protecting natural resources.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1. A. last B. spread
C. burn D. change
2. A. turn B. cut
C. put D. move
3. A. station B. building
C. ground D. brick
4. A. news B. plan
C. decision D. fact
5. A. When B. Although
C. Whatever D. Whether
6. A. slowly B. hard
C. regularly D. fast
7. A. money B. space
C. place D. distance
8. A. alive B. alone
C. asleep D. awake
9. A. about B. for
C. by D. with
10. A. generous B. funny
C. wise D. surprising
答案
第2课时　完 形 填 空
Ⅰ. 1~5　B A C B A　6~10　C B C A B
Ⅱ. 1~5　B A D C B　6~10　B A A C D
Ⅲ. 1~5　A B B C A　6~10　A B C C A
Ⅳ. 1~5　D C D B A　6~10　A D C B A
11~15　D C B A C
Ⅴ. 1~5　A B C D A　6~10　D D A C C