2016届中考英语（译林版）复习热点题型学案：第10课时 书面表达

第10课时　书 面 表 达
　　[题型特征]书面表达是一项能充分考查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考生综合应用语言能力的题型。通过写作考查学生对所学的字、词、句等语言知识主动运用的能力。在其他题型中,我们都是通过判断、选择、填空等形式考查学生对知识的掌握,这些都不是真正意义上的独立使用语言。只有在口头表达和书面表达中,才能看出你是否具备主动运用语言的能力,而不是只会被动使用。常见的书面表达形式有:命题作文、看图作文和材料作文、看图填空作文等。2015年的书面表达大多是材料作文,文章类型有:记叙文、议论文等。预计2016年中考对书面表达将继续保持这些特点。
[解题策略]1. 认真审题、把握主题、明确 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文体。首先要仔细阅读写作要求,根据所提供的中、英文(或图表)提示,确认题目目的、要求及表达的中心内容,从而确定所写的文体和格式。
2. 依据提示、列出要点、形成初稿。分析所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提供的文字或图表的提示内容,先用草稿,按逻辑顺序用英语列出所要表达的要点及各要点应用的关键词语,再选用自己最有把握的表达句型来连词成句,形成初稿,将有关信息都体现在自己所写的语句之中。
3. 核对要点、注意过渡、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )保证通顺。完成初稿之后,应对照所给的提示,核对要点是否有遗漏,各要点是否表达准确,还要注意上、下句之间的联系,以便连成一篇上下连贯、通顺的短文。
4. 默读检查、注意格式、认真誊写。仔 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细默读所写短文草稿,检查各个句子的语法结构是否正确,句子间是否通顺连贯,以及所写的文体格式是否规范等,确定无误后再将短文认真誊写在试卷上。书写时要注意格式、拼写、大小写、标点等,做到工整、简洁。
例1　(2015·江苏南通)假设某 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中学生英文报开展关于计算机与学生生活的征文活动,请你根据下表所提示的要点,以Computer in my life 为题,用英语为该报写一篇短文,简述计算机在你生活中的用途,并就计算机对你生活的影响谈谈你的感受。
用途 学习 搜集资料;拓展阅读(或自拟内容)
交流 传递信息;探讨问题(或自拟内容)
生活 欣赏音乐;购买商品(或自拟内容)
其他 (请考生自拟一点内容)
感受 计算机对你生活的影响(请考生自拟一点内容)
　　注意:
1. 表达中必须包含所给要点,可适当发挥,不要简单翻译;
2. 词数90左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数;
3. 表达中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。
Computer in my life
The computer has become an important part of my life.
【写作指导】本题主要是要求学生写一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )篇有关电脑对自己生活的影响的作文。内容要求包含题目中提到的四个用途和一个感受。写作时尽量将每个句子讲完整,层次要清楚。最后谈计算机对自己的影响,可以写有利有弊的地方,可以提出要合理使用计算机。
One possible version:
It helps me search for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) much information and gives me more reading materials. I can get much news about the world. It also helps me communicate with others faster. We can pass information and discuss questions by writing emails. In my daily life,I can enjoy music on the computer and buy things online. Sometimes I can also learn English from the computer by watching videos.
The computer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has influenced my life a lot. But I think we should use computer wisely. We shouldn’t spend much time on the computer every day.
例2　(2015·江苏南京·15分)
假如你是来自英国某中学的交换生Daniel,你想参加英文报纸Jinling Daily广告中介绍的机器人培训班。
ROBOT COURSE
Robot course for beginners at Starlight School
Organized visits to Friendly Robots Company
E-mail:robotcourse@
请根据该广告内容,用英语写一封电子邮件,询问与该班相关的具体信息,邮件内容须包括:
1. 培训班的起止时间以及周末是否上课;
2. 参观机器人公司的具体安排;
3. 你还想了解的该培训班其他信息。
注意:
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称;
2. 语言通顺,意思连贯,条理清楚,书写规范;
3. 词数80左右,邮件的开头与结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m writing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to ask for information about the robot course for beginners at Starlight School.
Yours faithfully,
Daniel
【写作指导】本篇短文是一封电子邮件。文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章给出了写作的范围:1. 询问培训班的课程的安排:起止时间、周末的安排等。2. 参观机器人公司的安排。3. 自己所想要了解的内容(此处自己可自由发挥)。
时态:文章可以主要用一般现在时来描述。
注意点:1. 不要遗漏题目中要求的要点。2. 为了使行文流畅,可以适当用表示顺序的连接词来连接。如first,next等。
One possible version:
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m writing to ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for information about the robot course for beginners at Starlight School.
Firstly,I’d like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to know more about the course arrangement. For example,could you tell me how long the course will last I prefer to know if there is any class on the weekend. Next,I’m interested in the visits to Friendly Robots Company. Would you tell me whether I need to pay Finally,I wonder whether I’ll be able to design a robot myself at the end of the course.
Thank you for your time and I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Daniel
Ⅰ. (2015·江苏苏州·六·20分)
假设你校为了配合创建“文化校园　高效课堂 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”活动,最近以“学生做作业时是否应该在网上找答案 ”为题做了一个调查。调查发现一些学生赞成,但许多学生反对这种做法。请你根据调查情况和下列表格中的要点提示,以“Think before you search online”为题,用英语写一篇短文。
赞成者 反对者 你自己
观点 1. 不会做题2. 向别人学习3. 节省时间 1. 不利于能力提升2. 不利于思维发展 考生自拟(至少2点)
　　注意:
1. 词数90左右。短文的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数;
2. 短文须包括所有要点,不要逐词翻译,可适当发挥,使短文连贯、通顺;
3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
Think before you search online
Some students now ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have a new use for the Internet—helping them with their homework. But different people have different ideas about it.
Ⅱ. (2015·江苏连云港)某英语报 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )开展“How to Deal with the Exam Stress”征文比赛,请你根据表格中提示的内容,简要发表自己的观点,写一篇英语短文。
注意:(1)词数90左右,短文首句已给出,不计入总词数;
(2)文中不得提及考生所在学校及自己的姓名。
适当的压力 ·积极思考,认真学习;·及时复习,防止遗忘。
过重的压力 ·无法入睡,非常疲倦;·害怕考试,导致失败。
应对的措施 ·合理计划,准备充分;·……(至少2条)
How to Deal with the Exam Stress
Everyone may ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve the exam stress. A little bit of stress can be a good thing to us.
Ⅲ. (2015·江苏常州·八)
过年燃放爆竹是中国人的传统,但是近年来 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )越来越多的人赞同过年不放爆竹。假如你是Green Club的一员,请你用英语写一封倡议书,介绍燃放爆竹可能带来的危害,并呼吁同学们过年时少放或不放爆竹。
引发火灾　污染空气　燃放爆竹的确危害　产生垃圾　制造噪音
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
注意:1)所写内容必须包括图示中的信息,可适当发挥;
2)文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称;
3)表达清楚,语句通顺,意思连贯,书写规范;
4)词数不少于90。文章的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:set off firecrackers 燃放爆竹;gas 气体(可数名词)
Dear all,
It’s a Chinese tradit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion to set off firecrackers at the Spring Festival. However,more and more people have realized that firecrackers are doing more harm than good.
答案
第10课时　书 面 表 达
Ⅰ. One possible version:
Think before you search online
Some students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )now have a new use for the Internet—helping them with their homework. But different people have different ideas about it.
Some students agree ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) with it. They sometimes don’t know the answers to the problems,so they have to turn to the Internet. They think they can learn from other people. At the same time,it’s easy and it saves time.
However,not all the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) students welcome this. Many students think simply copying the answers won’t improve their abilities and it may make students stop thinking.
I think students sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld first think over the problems by themselves. If we use the Internet properly,it could be a good way to study.
Ⅱ. One possible version:
How to Deal with the Exam Stress
Everyone may have the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exam stress. A little bit of stress can be a good thing to us. If we have proper stress,we can think actively and work harder. Besides,it can remind us to review our lessons in time to remember them. So we can pass the exam easily.
However,if we have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) too heavy stress,we can’t sleep well at night and we may feel too tired. We may fear the exams too much and fail in the end.
In my opinion,to de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al with stress,we’d better plan and prepare well. We should also form some good habits,such as enough exercise and healthy diets. Then we’ll feel relaxed and do well in the exams.
Ⅲ. One possible version:
Dear all,
It’s a Chinese tradi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion to set off firecrackers at the Spring Festival. However,more and more people have realized that firecrackers are doing harm than good.
Setting off firec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rackers harms the environment. First of all,it gives off many harmful gases which will pollute the air. On the Eve of the Spring Festival,the noise of firecrackers go on all night and make it impossible for people to fall asleep. The next morning the ground is all covered with rubbish from firecrackers. Besides,firecrackers can cause fires if people are not careful enough. Sometimes people may get injured or even killed.
Let’s set off fewe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r or even no firecrackers. In this way,we will not only enjoy the festival more,but also make a difference to our environment.