专题17 祈使句（课件）-2024年小升初英语复习讲练测（全国通用版）(共20张PPT)

(共20张PPT)
第十七讲 祈使句授课人：小升初英语专题复习知识导图
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。
祈使句的对象(即主语)是第二人称，也就是对“你(你们)”说的话，所以通常省略。祈使句的动词一般是动词原形，句末常使用句号或感叹号。
Go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。(命令)
Be quiet, please. 请安静。(请求)
Be kind to the children.对孩子们要和蔼。(劝告)
Watch your steps.走路小心。(警告)
Look out! Danger! 小心! 危险! (强烈警告)
No smoking. 禁止吸烟。(禁止)
定义
祈使句的形式
考点 1
1.肯定结构
(1) 动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分(简称为 do型)
Please write down your name.请写下你的名字。
Open the window, please.请开一下窗户。
(2) Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分(简称为be型)
Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子!
Be quick! 快一点!
(3) Let+宾语 +动词原形+其他成分(简称为 let 型)
Let me help you.让我来帮你。
Let us go to the garden.让我们去花园。
2.否定结构
(1) do 型句首加 don't构成
Close the door, please.(改为否定句)
→Don't close the door, please.
Look at me.(改为否定句)
→Don't look at me.
(2) be 型也是在句首加 don't
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
Don't be sad.不要难过。
(3) let型的否定式有两种
①Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+其他成分
Don't let her go out. 不要让她出去。
②Let+宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其他成分
Let her not go out.不要让她出去。
注意：
★祈使句最明显的特征就是动词用原形。
Let's go and play together. 让我们去玩吧。
Don't pick flowers. 不要摘花。
★有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。
This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
★有些可用no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking!禁止吸烟!
No fishing!禁止钓鱼!
祈使句与其他句型的转换
考点 2
1.祈使句与肯定句的转换
一般可以用“You should/must/can...”来替换。
祈使句: Sit here.
肯定句:You can sit here.
祈使句:Please do it by yourself.
肯定句:You should do it by yourself.
2.祈使句与否定句的转换
一般可以用“You shouldn't/mustn't/can't...”来替换。
祈使句:Don't put the book here.
否定句:You can't put the book here.
祈使句: No smoking!
否定句:You mustn't smoke.
注意：
★ 用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please, 那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“, ”。
★ 有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do。
Do come in! 快进来!
Do study hard.一定要努力学习。
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Kitty,________(not, be) late for school again.
2. ________(not, make) any noise! The baby is sleeping.
3. No ________(smoke) here!
4. ________(not, talk) and ________(read) aloud.
5. ________(be) quiet in the library, please.
典例分析
don't be
Don't make
smoking
Don't talk
read
Be
典例分析
Look
try
Don't let
come
say
6. ________(look) out! A car is coming.
7. Let me ________(try) again.
8. ________(not, let) the baby cry.
9. Do ________(come) in, please!
10. Let's ________(say) it together.
典例分析
C
B
C
二、选择填空。
( ) 1. Her mother said,“John,________ harder!”
A. studying B. studies C. study
( ) 2. No ________.
A. litter B. littering C. littered
( ) 3. ________! The bus is coming!
A. Do care B. Care C. Be careful
典例分析
A
C
A
( ) 4. ________ him the secret, will you
A. Don't tell B. Not tell C. Not telling
( ) 5. ________ eat ________ drink too much. It's bad for your health.
A. Don't; and B. Don't; but C. Don't; or
( ) 6. Kate, ________ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring B. brings C. to bring
典例分析
Please wait
Don't smoke
或No smoking here.
三、将下列句子变成祈使句。
1. Would you please wait a moment
→________ ________a moment.
2. You mustn't smoke here.
→________ ________here.
3. You can't climb the tree.
→________ ________the tree.
4. You mustn't swim here.
→No________________here.
典例分析
Don't climb
swimming
授课人：Thank you!