2025北师大版高中英语必修第二册同步练习题--UNIT 5　Part 4　LESSON 3　RACE TO THE POLE（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语必修第二册
UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE
Part 4　LESSON 3　RACE TO THE POLE
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024河南青桐鸣大联考)　　　　(诚实) is the best policy and we should always be honest with everyone.
2.(2022全国甲)In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six 　　　　(大洲).
3.(2022全国甲)Andrew Reynolds, a 　　　　(高兴的) fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.
4.No one will ever know what mix of talent,　　　　(雄心), energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.
5.The elephant had heard the　　　　(远处的) alarm calls of animals and its mood suddenly changed.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Basically, one's success is based　　　　　 how hard he has tried.
2.I wasn't　　　　　(bravery) enough to tell her what I did.
3.In preparation　　　　　 lectures, I urge you to do some reading.
4.　　　　　(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.
5.The two countries are going to meet to break　　　　　 some trade barriers between them.
6.While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that　　　　　(explore).
7.The route　　　　　(measure) five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain.
8.So far, scientists　　　　　(prove) it is true. We should make use of the result.
9.Before we left, we had a photograph　　　　　(take) together.
10.It is said that Mr. Smith was the first　　　　　(leave) on September 10th.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
在提示词后加合适的后缀完成下列句子
1.He ran　　　　(quick) and caught up with his classmates.
2.We can get much of the　　　　(inform) from the Internet.
3.The girl was very　　　　(care) in picking the beans on the ground.
4.We should try our best to　　　　(beauty) our country.
5.They are sure that they can　　　　(real) their dreams.
6.When we do sports, we should know some　　　　(base) rules.
7.They get the teacher's　　　　(encourage) and feel very inspired.
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1.当听到主人的声音时,这条狗冲了出去。(完全倒装;rush)

(读后续写—情节描写)
2.他们从不离开他们居住的地方。(定语从句)

能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott began his journey　1　 Antarctica. At the same time, the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south. During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 　2　(prepare) for their journeys. Amundsen reached the South Pole first. Then he prepared for the return journey. Scott 　3　(final) arrived at the Pole. They 　4　(shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote sadly in his diary: “Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing—and goodbye to most of our 　5　(dream).”
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott realised their　6　(hope) situation: “What each man feels in his heart I can only guess.” Then a terrible storm started. Scott spent some of his last hours 　7　(write). He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife. The news of Scott's death shocked 　8　 world. He had failed 　9　(win) the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage 　10　(show) by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.
1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024广西柳州阶段练习)
For many years, human beings have been trying to conquer nature, but never succeeded. What's worse, nature has got angry. It often shows　1　(it) power and teaches human beings different lessons in various 　2　(way), such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, sandstorms, typhoons, droughts, landslides, tornadoes, and volcanic eruptions. Any of them can cause terrible disasters. For example, on March 11, 2011, 　3　 huge earthquake struck Japan, 　4　(cause) a terrible tsunami. Many cars, ships and buildings 　5　(ruin) by a ten-metre-high wall of water. Thousands of people were confirmed dead. The total energy released by the quake was equivalent to the explosion of 6.7 trillion tons of TNT, 　6　 is about a thousand times the total power of all the world's nuclear weapons. Another event was the “huge volcanic eruption in Iceland” in 2010. It caused enormous damage to air travel across western and northern Europe because 　7　 the large quantities of volcanic ash. All of these show how 　8　(power) nature is.
Compared with the great power of nature, human beings are so weak and even so helpless in the face of the destruction caused by natural disasters. It would be unwise of us　9　(fight) against or even try to conquer nature. On the contrary, we should try to learn how to live with nature 　10　(peaceful).
1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024安徽滁州九校联盟期中)
Cheapest Islands in the World to Visit
Grand Bahama Island, The Bahamas
As the northernmost one of the 700 islands of the Bahamas, Grand Bahama Island dishes up plenty of cheap activities alongside its white-sand beaches. Visiting the Lucayan National Park, which is home to both beloved Gold Rock Beach and one of the largest underwater cave(洞穴) systems in the world, is an affordable trip. There are hotel rooms at $80 a night.
Madeira, Portugal
Though closer to mainland Africa, Madeira is a part of Portugal known for its breathtaking natural beauty. Visitors can find hotels starting at $85 a night, and enjoy plenty of low-cost activities, like rowing a boat around volcanic Porto Moniz Natural Swimming Pools, and admiring the never-ending views around the island. No wonder it's been called the “Hawaii of Europe”.
Dominican Republic
Looking for one of the least expensive Caribbean islands The Dominican Republic is full of affordable surprises. In Santo Domingo, walk around Zona Colonial, the historic heart of the country's capital, and you'll find castles, cathedrals(大教堂), cobblestone streets, and cafés around every corner. During the low season(summer), you can find hotel deals starting at $33 a night.
Sri Lanka
Do you want to spend just $25-50 a day Then go to Sri Lanka. Since the South Asian island country is one of the largest tea producers in the world, start with a tea factory tour on a peaceful hike. Taking a train ride through the hills from Kandy to Badulla or from Colombo to Galle is an enjoyable and affordable way to see the countryside.
1.What can you do in the Lucayan National Park
A.Visit a huge castle. 　　　
B.Enjoy the beautiful beach.
C.Swim in Porto Moniz Natural Swimming Pools. 　　　
D.Go on a tea factory tour.
2.What is special about Zona Colonial
A.It requires booking. 　　　B.It has historic sites.
C.It is famous for tea. 　　　D.It is closed in summer.
3.Which of the following would provide a hotel room at the lowest price
A.Dominican Republic. 　　　B.Grand Bahama Island.
C.Madeira. 　　　D.Sri Lanka.
B
(2023安徽宿州十三所重点中学期中)
Suddenly, screams echo through the forest as alarmed animals such as spotted deer warn each other of a predator's(食肉动物) approach. Lying on my stomach with my camera in front of me, I've been observing a nearby stream for hours, waiting. This may be it.
Yes! A 380-pound lioness steps from the trees and heads toward the stream. She crouches(蹲伏) down to drink. She's close to me—no more than 50 yards away. She stands up and begins to walk toward me, not knowing I'm here.
When she is just about 20 yards away, I move my camera slightly so that she notices me. I don't want to shock or panic her. She freezes for a moment, then takes a crouching position and continues toward me, which is not really the reaction I want! I'm thinking, “Uh-oh, I'm about to become cat food!” I've approached lions before, but this is a first. The lion approaches me. If I stand up and yell, will she leave Maybe, maybe not. If I stand up and run, will she run after me Probably. So I decide to stay put.
The lioness comes closer and closer until she's only about four yards from me—the closest distance that still allows me to focus my camera lens.
Surprisingly, she lies down, posing like a statue in front of me. This makes me feel very small and humble(卑微的). Then she rolls over and looks at me upside down! She seems a little puzzled and appears to be trying to figure me out—Hmm, are you suitable to be eaten You don't look dangerous. I think you're OK.
I remind myself to breathe slowly, even though my heart is beating fast. I carefully back up my tripod(三脚架) just a bit to where I can focus and shoot the picture.
Suddenly—so fast that it surprises me—she leaps up. In a flash, she runs away. I'm left filled with emotion—the experience felt like a gift from the forest. Getting this photograph took a long time. I spent two years waiting for a permit to track the extremely rare Asiatic lions in the Gir Forest of India. Then I spent three months on foot searching for them. There are only about 300 of these endangered lions left.
Perhaps all the waiting in the forest gave the lioness time to get used to me. I tried not to disturb her life. My reward A moment I'll never forget.
4.How does the author feel when the lioness comes near to him
A.Relaxed and calm.　　　B.Bored and puzzled.　　　
C.Anxious but proud.　　　D.Frightened but excited.
5.What does the lioness do after coming close to the author
A.She pretends to be dead.　　　
B.She stays for a second and then goes away.
C.She tries to attack him.　　　
D.She recognizes the author and stares at him.
6.What's the author's purpose in writing the passage
A.To introduce a kind lioness.　　　
B.To show the readers the dangers in the forest.
C.To share an experience with the readers.　　　
D.To congratulate himself on his narrow escape.
7.Where is the text probably taken from
A.A personal diary.　　　B.A TV interview.　　　
C.A travel guide.　　　D.A research paper.
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.Honesty　2.continents　3.cheerful　4.ambition　5.distant
Ⅱ.1.on　考查介词。be based on...表示“以……为基础(或根据)”,故填on。句意:基本上,一个人的成功以他的努力程度为基础。
2.brave　考查形容词。句意:我没有足够的勇气告诉她我做了什么。分析句子可知此处作表语,同时被enough修饰,应用形容词,故填brave。
3.for　考查固定搭配。句意:为了准备演讲,我力劝你们做一些阅读。 in preparation for...表示“为……做准备”。
4.Anxiously　考查副词。句意:她焦急地从包裹里拿出那件连衣裙试穿,却发现它不合身。根据句意可知此处用副词作状语。
5.down　考查固定短语。句意:这两个国家将举行会谈,以消除它们之间的一些贸易壁垒。break down表示“消除”,故填down。
6.exploration　考查名词。句意:高中一般不鼓励学生探索生活的新方面,而大学为那种探索铺平了道路。设空处作for的宾语,空前为指示代词that,所以此处应用名词,exploration 表示“探索;探究”。
7.measures　考查measure的用法。measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时是连系动词,此处陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时,主语为The route,故填measures。句意:路线长五公里,从我们学校的大门口到南山脚下。
8.have proved　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据So far可知此处应用现在完成时,主语为scientists,故填have proved。句意:到目前为止,科学家们已经证明了它是真的。我们应该利用这个结果。
9.taken　考查过去分词。句意:离开之前,我们一起照了张相。此处为“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,名词 photograph与动词take之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语,故填taken。
10.to leave　考查动词不定式。句意:据说史密斯先生是9月10日第一个离开的。the first to do sth.表示“第一个做某事的”,the first后常用不定式作后置定语。
类比启发
　　一般当中心词为序数词、最高级、the last、the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时,多用不定式作后置定语。
Ⅲ.1.quickly　2.information　3.careful　4.beautify
5.realise　6.basic　7.encouragement
Ⅳ.1.Out rushed the dog when it heard its master's voice.
2.They never leave the place where they live.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.to　考查介词。句意:1910年6月1日,斯科特上校开始了他的南极之旅。此处表示通往某地,应用介词to。
2.preparation　考查名词。句意:在极地的夏季,两支队伍都组织了食物基地,为他们的旅行做准备。in preparation for...表示“为……做准备”,为固定短语。
3.finally　考查副词。句意:斯科特终于到达了南极。设空处修饰动词arrived,所以此处用副词作状语。
4.were shocked　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他们看到挪威国旗时都惊呆了。They与shock之间为被动关系,且由上下文可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填were shocked。
5.dreams　考查名词复数。dream为可数名词,根据空前的most of our的提示可知此处用名词复数。
6.hopeless　考查形容词。句意:斯科特意识到他们绝望的处境……。设空处修饰名词situation,应用形容词,由上一句可知天气状况很糟糕,所以此处用hopeless,表示“绝望的”。
7.writing　考查动名词。句意:斯科特把他最后的几个小时用来写信。此处为“sb. spend(s)+时间+(in) doing sth.”结构,所以用动名词。
8.the　考查冠词。句意:斯科特的死讯震惊了世界。 world意为“世界”时,其前常用定冠词the。
9.to win　考查动词不定式。fail to do sth.表示“未能做成某事”,故填to win。
10.shown　考查过去分词。分析句子可知,but连接两个并列分句,后一分句中已有谓语动词,“　10　 by Captain Scott and his men”为后置定语,修饰courage,此处courage与show之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。作者通过历史上比较严重的自然灾害向人们表明人类不应试图征服自然,应与自然和平共处。
1.its　考查代词。设空处修饰名词power,应用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
2.ways　考查名词复数。空前为various,表示“各种各样的”,此处way表示“方式,方法”,为可数名词,所以应用复数形式,故填ways。
3.a　考查冠词。earthquake是可数名词的单数形式,此处表示泛指,设空处应用不定冠词,huge的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
4.causing　考查现在分词。句中已有谓语struck,设空处应用非谓语动词,根据语境可知此处表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故填causing。
5.were ruined　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述过去的事情,主语Many cars, ships and buildings与ruin之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数形式,所以谓语也应用复数形式。故填were ruined。
6.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,“　6　 is about a thousand times...weapons”中缺少主语,所以推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词the explosion of 6.7 trillion tons of TNT指物,故填which。
7.of　考查介词。空后为名词短语the large quantities of volcanic ash,because of后跟名词或名词短语,故填of。
8.powerful　考查形容词。设空处作表语,说明名词nature的特征,应用形容词,powerful意为“强大的”,故填powerful。
9.to fight　考查不定式。“It is+形容词+of sb. to do...”是固定句型,意为“某人做某事是……的”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to fight。
10.peacefully　考查副词。设空处修饰动词live,应用副词,故填peacefully。
【高频词汇】　1.power n.力量;能力;权力　2.strike v.侵袭;爆发;突然想到;碰;撞击　3.confirm v.证实,证明;使确信　4.release v.释放;放开　5.compared with... 与……相比　6.fight against...对抗……　7.on the contrary与此相反
【差距词汇】　1.conquer v.征服　2.equivalent adj.相等的,相同的　3.enormous adj.巨大的;极大的
Ⅲ. A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个世界上适合游览的最便宜的岛屿。
1.B　细节理解题。根据 Grand Bahama Island, The Bahamas部分中的第二句可知,在卢卡亚国家公园可以欣赏美丽的海滩。故选B。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Dominican Republic部分中的第三句可知,Zona Colonial尤以历史古迹著称,而本文介绍的其他地方都以自然风光为主,所以Zona Colonial的特殊之处在于它的历史古迹。故选B。
3.D　细节理解题。对比四处旅游景点的酒店价格,Grand Bahama Island, The Bahamas每晚80美元,Madeira, Portugal每晚85美元起,Dominican Republic每晚33美元起,Sri Lanka每天25—50美元,由此可知,Sri Lanka可以提供最便宜的宾馆房间。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.affordable adj.多数人支付得起的
2.breathtaking adj.惊人的　3.admire v.欣赏　4.no wonder难怪　5.historic adj.古老的　6.enjoyable adj.令人愉快的
【熟词生义】　1.dish up提供　2.home n.所在地,栖息地
【差距词汇】　low season淡季
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者近距离拍摄一头稀有的狮子的经历。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Uh-oh, I'm about to become cat food!”可知作者是很害怕的,由倒数第二段的第四至六句可知作者为了拍摄这张照片等了很久,所以当母狮靠近他时,他又是很激动的,因为他有了拍摄照片的机会。故选D。
5.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Surprisingly, she lies down”和倒数第二段中的“In a flash, she runs away.”可知,母狮靠近作者后待了一会儿就走了。故选B。
6.C　推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者详细描写了自己等待拍摄母狮照片、母狮一步步靠近自己、自己小心移动三脚架进行拍摄、最后母狮离去到自己因成功拍摄到照片而喜悦的过程,因此作者是在与读者分享这次经历。故选C。其他选项都不够全面。
7.A　推理判断题。作者以第一人称叙述了自己近距离拍摄一头稀有的狮子的经历,因此本文可能来自一篇个人日记。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.warn v.使警惕;警告　2.approach n.& v.接近　3.panic v.(使)惊慌　4.reaction n.反应;回应　5.figure out弄清楚;弄明白　6.suitable adj.合适的
7.permit n.许可;许可证 v.允许
【熟词生义】　1.head vi.朝(某方向)行进　2.yard n.码(长度单位)　3.freeze v.(因恐惧、震惊而)愣住;呆住
4.shoot v.拍摄
【差距词汇】　1.echo vi.回响　2.lie on one's stomach趴着;俯卧　3.yell v.叫喊;大喊;吼叫　4.stay put固定不动;留在原地　5.lens n.镜片;透镜　6.leap v.跳;跳跃
长难句
原句　She freezes for a moment, then takes a crouching position and continues toward me, which is not really the reaction I want!
分析　该句为主从复合句。主句中and连接freezes、 takes 和continues 三个并列的谓语动词,which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代整个主句的内容,其中“I want”为定语从句,先行词为the reaction,省略了关系词that或which,关系词在从句中作want的宾语。
译文　它愣了一会儿,然后采取蹲伏的姿势,继续向我走来,这确实不是我想要的反应!
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