教 学 内 容 8A Unit 8 Reading
教 学 目 标 1. 能够运用阅读技巧完成相应的任务,了解文章的大意。 2. 能够谈论自然灾害 3. 熟练掌握并运用重点词汇、短语、句型
重 点 1. 能够运用阅读技巧完成相应的任务,了解文章的大意。 2. 熟练掌握并运用重点词汇、短语、句型
难 点 如何熟练运用本课时所学重点词汇、短语、句型完成相关练习
教学过程
1 It was about two o’clock in the early morning. 1 was sleeping when the earthquake started. 开门见山法:这两句交代了地震发生的时间。在写这类文章时,我们应该先交代事情发生的时间。 2 shake 摇动,震动,为可数名词。 eg:e.g. At night, the shake of the trees in the wind made me feel frightened.在晚上,树在风中 摇摆使我感到害怕。 shake还可作动词,其过去式为shook,过 去分词为shaken。 eg Shake the bottle before you drink the juice.在你喝果汁前摇晃一下瓶子。 【归纳】shake hands 握手;shake one’s head 摇头 3 Then I heard a loud noise like thunder. 描写感受法:本句描述了地震发生时的感受。 我们在写这一类文章时,通常在开始时要描述一下事情刚发生时的感受。 4 in fear恐惧地,在句中作状语。 eg:When they heard the strange noise last night, they looked at me in fear.昨天晚上当他们 听到那个奇怪的声音时,他们惊恐地看着我。 【归纳】类似的短语还有:in surprise惊讶地,in danger处于危险中,in a hurry匆忙地 5 ran out of…从......跑出来 eg: A dog ran out of the house. 一条狗从屋子里跑了出来。 【归纳】有关out of的短语:pull...out of把....从......拉出;walk out of...从......走出;pick...out of…从......挑出 【拓展】用光;用尽”,是不及物动词词组,后面不可接宾语,接宾语时需加介词of。 eg:Our food ran out three days ago. 我们的食物三天前就吃光了。 The lazy man ran out of all his money. 那个懶汉用光了他所有的钱。 6 in all directions = in every direction 朝各个方向;四面八方 eg:The birds are flying in all directions. 鸟儿们正朝四面八方飞去。 归纳:in the direction of 向......方向,朝...... eg:She drove her car in the direction of Shanghai.她开车驶向上海. 7 glass /gla:s/ .用作不可数名词时,意为“玻璃”;用作可数名词时,意为“玻璃杯”。 【拓展】 glasses是复数名词,意为“眼镜”,“一副眼镜”为 a pair of glasses。 glasses 还可意为“一杯(的量)”。a ( two,three …)glass (es) of...意为“一(两、三……)杯……” eg:a glass of tea 一杯茶 three glasses of juice 三杯果汁 【一语辨异】These glasses are all glass.这些玻璃杯都是用玻璃制成的。 8 come down崩塌,坍塌,是不及物动词短语,其后不能跟名词。 eg: The building came down last night. 那栋楼昨晚倒塌了。 考向:come down还可作“落下”讲。 eg:The snow comes down from the sky. 雪从天空中落下来。 归纳:come from 来自; come in 流行; come into 继承; come into one’s mind 想起; come out 出现,出版; come over突然感到; come true实现; come up被提及; come up with找到(答案) 9 silent adj.寂静的 eg: The room was silent.房间里一片寂静。 1) silent还有“沉默的;不说话的”的 意思。 eg: He couldn’t speak English and was completely silent during the visit. 他不会说英语,参观过程中一言不发。 2) silent的副词形式为silently;名词形式为 silence. 10 not...at all根本不;一点也不 eg:She doesn’t like the film at all.她一点也不喜欢那部电影。 not at all可作为客套话,意为“不用谢; 别客气”。 eg: —Thank you very much.非常感谢你。 —Not at all.不客气。 11 I didn’t know if anyone else was near me. 本句为并列复合句。and连接的并列句里含 有if引导的宾语从句,作know的宾语。if引 导的宾语从句常放在know, ask,wonder等动 词之后。当主句是一般现在时时,从句可根据句中的需要选用时态;如果主句是过去时态,从句要用相应的过去时态。宾语从句用陈述语序。 eg: We don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. 我们不知道明天是否会下雨。 My father asked me if I finished my homework.我爸爸问我是否完成了家庭 作业。 【难点】 ⑴if与whether两者都可意为 “是否”,引导宾语从句,有时可以互换。 eg: I want to know whether/if she still lives there.我想知道她是否还住在那儿。 (2)宾语从句荷or not时,用whether而不用if。 eg: I don’l know whether or not they will come for our help.我不知道他们是否要来求我们 援助。 12 nervous adj.紧张不安的 eg: Don’t be nervous. I’m sure you are the best. 别紧张,我确信你是最棒的。 nervous的副词形式为nervously,名词形式为 nervousness 13 heart n. 心脏 eg: The only sound inside was the beating of his heart.里面唯一的声音是他的心跳声。 heart还有“内心;心肠”的意思eg: He has a very kind heart.他有一颗善良的心。 【搭配】by heart单凭记忆; 能背诵 eg: Mike learnt this passage by heart. 迈克把这篇文章背熟了。 14 beat /bi:t/ vi. & vt.(使)规律作响,作节奏运动;打败;敲打 eg:My wife tried to stop them and they beat her. 我妻子试图想阻止他们,他们就打了她。 1)beat的过去式为beat,过去分词为beaten 2)【易错点】辨析:beat与win 词条含义及用法beat“打败”,后常接运动员、球队或对手等。win“赢得(比赛、荣誉、地位等)”,后常接a game, a war, a match, a prize 等。
eg: Our school football team won the final match last week.上周我们学校足球队窳得了决赛。 The soldiers beat their enemies at last. 士兵们终于打败了他们的敌人。 【一语辨异】I’m sure to win the game because nobody can beat me.我一定会贏得比赛的,因为没有人可以打败我。 15 mind /maind/ n.头脑;心思;思维方式 eg: He has a sharp mind.他有着敏锐的头脑 He changed his mind and decided not to go there.他改变主意,决定不去那儿了。 1)mind还可作动词,常用于疑问句、否定 句或条件句中,意为“介意",后接代词、名词 或动名词,不加不定式。 eg: Do you mind my (me) standing here 你介意我站在这儿吗? 2)【难点】辨析:mind与heart 单词含义mind指理性智力之心heart指情感之心
【归纳】be out of one’s mind 发疯; keep in mind 记起; change one’s mind 改变主意; come to mind 突然想到; set one’s mind on集中精力做; make up one’s mind下定决心; never mind没关系 16 calm down平静;冷静 eg: That excited boy quickly calmed down.那个激动的男孩很快平静下来。 【拓展】calm sb. down意为“使某人平静下来”。 eg; She went out for a walk to calm herself down.她出去散步,使自己平静下来。 17 since /sins/ conj.由于,既然 引导原因状语从句。 eg: Since everybody is here, let’s begin the meeting.既然大家都到齐了,咱们就开会吧。 【拓展】还有“自从”的含义,可引导时间状语从句,主从句的时态应为:主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 eg: Steven has learned 300 French words since he was 5 years old.自斯蒂芬5岁起,他 已经学了三百个法语单词了。 18 A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 连词观察法:本句为并列复合句,由并列连词but 连接的并列句里含有由since引导的原因状语从句。 19 dark n. 黑暗 eg: Don't leave the child alone in the dark. 不要把那个孩子单独留在黑暗的地方。 dark还可作形容词,意为“(头发,皮肤 等)乌黑的;黑色的;深色的”。 eg:His hair is dark.他的头发是黑色的。 It began to get dark.天开始黑下来了。 I like that suit of dark color. 我喜欢那套深颜色的西服。 20 find one’s way out找到解决的方法;找到 出路 eg:We tried our best to find our way out, but we failed.我们竭尽全力去寻找出路,但是我们失败了 【辨析】find与find out find“发现;找到”,指发现事物或事情的结果, find out “査出”,指查出事物或事情的真相。 e.g: Mary looked for her new pen everywhere. She found it in her desk at last.玛丽四处寻找她 的新钢笔,最后她在她的课桌里找到了它。 The policeman found out the truth of the whole thing. 警察查出了整个事怙的真相。 21 above n.在上面,其反义词为below,意为“在……下面”。 eg: The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机在云层上空飞行。 【易错点】辨析:above, on与over 词条含义及用法示例above“在……上方” 表示两者不接触 与below相对。The moon is now above the trees. 月亮 现在在树的上方。on"在……上' 指两者接触。There is a box on the table.桌上有个盒子。over“在……正上方”, 表示两者垂直, 但不接触, 与 under相对。There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
22 shout n.呼喊,喊叫声 eg:We heard a shout for help. 我们听见了呼救声。 shout还可作动词,意为“喊叫” He shouted lhal he couldn't swim.他大叫他不会游泳。 They shout happily.他们高兴地大声喊叫。 搭配:shout out大声说出 23 safe /seif/ adj.安全的 eg: Is it safe to swim here 在这儿游泳安 全吗? safe的副词形式为safely,名词形式为 safety 24 asleep adj.睡着的 eg:It is very hot. I can't fall asleep. 天气很热,我睡不着。 【辨析】asleep, sleeping 与 sleepy 词条含义及用法示例asleep表示“睡着了的”,可以作表语或宾补。He was too tired an( fell asleep quickly. 他太累了,很快睡着了。sleeping表示“正在睡觉的”。Don’t wake up the sleeping boy.别把那个正在睡觉的男孩 弄醒。sleepy表示“困倦的 (没睡着 可以作定语 或表语。I feel sleepy in class because I stayed uf late last night.课堂上 我感到困倦,因为昨 晚我熬夜了。
【搭配】fall asleep入睡;睡着 25 after conj.在以后 1)作连词,引导时间状语从句。 eg:You can play football after you finish your homework.你完成作业后可以踢足球。 2)after还可作介词,意为“在……之后; 在……后面”。 eg: I go swimming every day after work. 每天下班后我都去游泳。 3)after还可作副词,意为“后来;以后”。 eg; What comes after 后来怎样? 4)after的反义词是before,意为 “在……之前”。 【搭配】 after all终究;毕竟; the day after tomorrow 后天; look after 照顾; run after 追赶; day after day 日复一日 随堂练习 一、根据所给的词或汉语提示完成单词 1 People should keep the traffic rules in their_ (头脑). 2 We can’t find the way out in the forest in the (黑暗). 3 Don’t make (大声的)noise in the library. 4 When the train went past, my house (震动)heavily. 5 The girl was full of (恐惧)when she saw the snake in the grass. 6 They were lucky enough to stay (live)in the earthquake. 7 He introduced (he). 8. Don’t talk loudly when others are (sleep). It’s not polite. 9 The (excite) children got ready for the trip lo the zoo in no time. 10 You must know the ( direct) if you want to travel in the forest. 二、单项选择 11 Last night I heard a noise thunder. A. such B. so C. like D. for 12 Kate was when she saw a shadow in the dark. A. in fear B. on fear C. at fear D. by fear 13 the great teacher Zhang Lili was in hospital, many people hoped she would get better soon. A. If B. Until C. Before D. After 14 the traffic was heavy yesterday, we got to the bus station on time. A. Although B. Unless C. Since 15 Their football team was in that important game. A. won B. beaten C. failed 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 16.听到枪声,鸟儿们朝四面八方飞去。 Hearing the gunshot, the birds flew 17.这座楼房太旧了,在地震中可能很容易倒塌。 The building is too old and it may easily in the earthquake. 18.虽然我们现在身处困境,但是我们确信我们 能够找到出路。 We are in trouble now, but we are sure we can . 19.你能把那块石头移开吗? Can you the stone 20 我竭尽全力跑出了房间。 I tried my best to the room. 21.碎玻璃和砖块往下掉的时候,人们四处逃散。 People were running while glass and bricks were . 22.我感到紧张,并且我的心跳加快。 I and my was . 23.她把整篇演讲稿都背熟了。 She has learnt the whole speech off 24.我什么也看不见,不知道是否有其他人在我周围。 I could see anything , and I did not know if anyone else was around me. 25.人们互相惊恐地看着对方。 People looked at .
Period 2 : Reading
一、1. mind 2. dark 3. loud 4. shook
5- fear 6. alive 7. himself 8. asleep
9.excilcd 10. direction
二、 ll.C 12. A
13.D点拨:考查连词用法。after意思是“在 ……之后”,引导时间状语从句,其他选项不 符合题怠。
14.A 点拨:考査连词及让步状语从句的用 法。句意:昨天尽赀交迎很拥堵,但是我们 还是按时到达了公共汽车站。although尽 符;unless除:作,如果不;since既然。由句意 可知选A。
15.B
三、 16. in ail direclions/ in every direction
e down 18. find our way out
19. move away 20. run out of
21.in all directions; pieces of; falling clown
22.felt nervouR ; heart ; beating fast
23.by heart 24. not; at all
25.each other in fear