中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
现在完成时（3）
一、写出下列动词的延续性动词
borrow buy catch a cold put on
come/go/become begin /start finish
die leave close open
join / wake get to know
begin to study come to work
marry /get married turnoff/on一 fall asleep
二、用since 和for 填空
1.Jim has been in Ireland Monday.
2.He has been in Ireland three days
3.His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.
4.Mary is in her office.She has been there 7o'clock
5.India has been an independent country 1974.
6.The bus is late.They have been waiting 20 minutes
7.Nobody lives in the houses.They have been empty many years.
8.Mike has been ill a long time
9.He has been in hospital October.
三、句型转换
1.They have worked in the factory since two years ago.(同义句)
They have worked in the factory
2.Gina has been in the art club since two months ago.(对划线部分提问)
has Gina been in the art club
3.We have lived in Beijing for two years.(同义句)
We have lived in Beijing .
4.He has been working for five hours. (对划线部分提问)
__________________ has he been working
I went home yesterday.(现在完成时)
I _______________________ for __________________.
I _______________________ since _________________.
I _______________________ since _________________.
四、延续性动词和瞬间动词之间的转化。
1. He died 10 years ago. --- He for 10 years.
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. --He the book for 2 weeks.
3. He bought the bike a month ago.--He the bike for a month.
4. He arrived here 3 years ago. ---He here for 3 years.
5. They turned off the light 2 hour ago.--The light for 2 hours.
6. He left here 2 years ago. ---He from here for 2 years.
7. The film began 30 minutes ago. --- The film for 30 minutes.
8. They opened the door an hour ago. ---The door for an hour.
9. They closed the door an hour ago. ---The door for an hour.
10. He joined the army last year. ---He a _______ for a year.
He the army for a year.
五、用所给词填空
1. I ______________(have)the cellphone for six years.
2. Jack_____________(have)this model plane for more than ten years.
3. My parents ____________(own)a small restaurant, selling Guangxi Luosifen since ten years ago.
4. The children ____________(clear)their rooms already.
5. Tom ________________(own)the toy train for 3 years.
6. I _________ (be)at work since eight o'clock,but I'm leaving soon.
7. We __________________ (not meet)each other for five years.Both of us ____________(leave)the factory five years ago.
8. Children ___________(never visit) the Great Wall before.Their parents _____(take)them there next month.
9. I have ____________(keep)this computer for 5years.
10. My grandparents ____________(live)in London since 2010.
11. Jill_____________(borrow)the book from the library last week and she_________(keep)it for six days.
12. I ________ _________(not see)him since I met him at the airport three years ago.
13. —How long__________it__________(be)there —For five days.(共13张PPT)
Unit10 I have had this bike for three years.
Grammar
Activity 1 Free talk
I have taught English for 12 years.
=I have taught English since 12 years ago.
=I have taught English since 2012.
=I have taught English since I graduated from university.
Activity 1 Ask and answer
How long have you learned English
I have learned English for 8 years.
=I have learned English since 8 years ago.
=I have learned English since 2016.
=I have learned English since I was in primary school .
Activity 1 Ask and answer
How long have you had this cup/these books
I have had it/them
since+句子(一般过去时)
for+一段时间 有……久了
since+时间点
since+一段时间+ago 自从...(ever since=since)
Activity 2 Presentation
A:Do you have a toy bear at home
B:Yes, I do.
A:How long have you had the …
B:I have had …
A:If you don’t want it any longer, what will you do
B:I’ll give it to ...
since+句子(一般过去时)
for+一段时间
since+时间点
since+一段时间+ago
lamp
Activity 2 Practice
bread maker
scarf (scarves)
soft toys
board games
magazines
Activity 2 analyze
2.for 和since 用法和区别
1定义
Activity 2 analyze
Activity 2 analyze
什么情况下瞬间动词要变成延续性动词？
Activity 2 analyze
瞬间动词/非延续性动词
bought
延续性动词
与一段时间连用的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
Activity 2 analyze
Activity 2 practice
1.He bought a car last year.
He ____________ a car since last year.
2.She borrowed this book yesterday.
She ______________ this book since yesterday.
3.He died in 2005.
He ______________ for 19 years.
4.He joined the army 2 years ago.
He __________________________for 2 years.
has had
has been dead
has been a member of army
has kept
语法练习单
练习册中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
现在完成时总复习
一、现在完成时(1)
1.现在完成时的用法
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
—Have you had breakfast yet 你吃过早饭了吗
—Yes,I have,I've just had it.是的，我吃过了。我刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)
2.现在完成时的构成
助动词have/has+过去分词
说明：主语为第三人称单数形式时助动词用has,其余人称用have。
3.句型结构
肯定句：I have found my pen.我找到我的钢笔了。
否定句：I haven't found my pen.我还没有找到我的钢笔
一般疑问句：—Have you found your pen 你找到你的钢笔了吗
肯定回答：—Yes,I have.是的，我已经找到了。
否定回答：—No,I haven't.不，我还没有找到。
动词过去分词的变化规则
规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去式的构成相同。不规则动词的过去分词需特殊记忆。
5.常用标志词语
already(已经),never(从未),ever(曾经),just(刚刚),before(以前),so far(到目前为止；迄今),yet(已经)等，in the past/last few years,recently(近来）
6.already与yet的用法
(1)already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句中，放在助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前；yet常用于疑问句中，并用于句末。
I've already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。Have you seen the film yet 你已经看过这部电影了吗
(2)yet用于否定句中，意为“还(没);尚(未)”,通常位于句末。I haven't seen the film yet.我还未看过这部电影。
(3)already与yet的转换：
在现在完成时态的句子中，含有already的陈述句变为否定句或疑问句时，要把already改为yet,并放于句末。
I have already finished reading the book.我已经读完这本书了。→I haven't finished reading the book yet.我还未读完这本书。(否定句)→Have you finished reading the book yet 你已经读完这本书了吗 (一般疑问句)
现在完成时(Ⅱ)
现在完成时可以表示是否去过某地，用现在完成时态的句子提问某人是否曾经做过某事，用现在完成时态的句子表示某人从未做过某事。
have/has been to表示“曾经去过(某地)”,可与never,ever,just,twice等副词连用。
I have been to a nature museum.我去过一个自然博物馆。I've never been to a book market.我从没去过图书市场。
Have you ever been to England 你曾经去过英国吗 Mary has been to the Palace Museum twice.玛丽去过故宫两次。
2.have/has been to，have/has gone to，have/has been in的区别
have/has been to表示“曾经去过(某地)”现在已经回来，不在那里了。
have/has gone to表示“去了(某地)”现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也可能在目的地
have/has been in 表示“在某地呆了多久，还在所呆的地方“。
She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海。(现在她不在上海)
She has gone to Shanghai.她去了上海。(现在她已在上海或在途中)
She has been in Shanghai for 10 days.她在上海呆了10年。
当后面跟地点副词时，have/has been to，have/has gone to，have/has been in所有介词省略。
3.ever意为“曾经”,常用于现在完成时态的一般疑问句中，位于主语的后面，过去分词的前面。
Have you ever been to Paris 你曾经去过巴黎吗
4.never意为“从来没有；决不”,表示否定含义，常位于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。
They have never watched a football match.他们从未看过足球赛。
5.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别
(1)现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响，强调的是现在的情况；一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
I have seen this film.我已经看过这部电影。(强调对现在的影响，我已经知道了电影的内容)
I saw this film yesterday.昨天我看过这部电影。(强调看的动作发生过了)
(2)现在完成时的时间状语有：ever,never,just,yet,in the past/last few years,recently,so far等。一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last year,...ago,in 1990,just now等。现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。
汤姆昨天晚上给他的父母写了一封信。
Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.(×)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.(√)
现在完成时(Ⅲ)
1.现在完成时的用法
表示从过去某时开始持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的一段时间的状语，如“for+时间段”“since+时间点”“since引导的从句(一般过去时)”“since+一段时间+ago”等连用。
I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这儿10年了。(从10年前开始，持续到现在还住在这儿)
l have lived here since 2008.自从2008年以来我就住在这儿。(从2008年开始，持续到现在还住在这儿)
2.句中动词的特点
此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。
(1)这本书我已经买了3年了。
I've bought the book for three years.(×)I've had the book for three years.(√)
3.延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词表示经过、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
I've know him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。(表结果)
(1)延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法：
①非延续性动词与短暂性时间(点)连用。
He joined the League three years ago.他入团3年了。(他3年前入的团)
②用“It is/has been+时间段+since...”句型。
It is/has been three years since I bought the book.我买了这本书3年了。(从我买这本书到现在3年了)
③用相应的延续性动词替换非延续性动词，句子用现在完成时，时间状语为“for+时间段”或“since十时间点”“since引导的从句(过去时)”“since+一段时间+ago”。
The old man died 4 years ago.=The old man has been dead for 4 years.那位老人去世4年了。
(2)现在完成时态中延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换：
①非延续性动词也被称为总执行动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。这类动词有：open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。
②延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这类动词有：learn,work, stand,know,walk,keep,wait,watch,read,sleep,live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语“for+时间段”“since+时间点”“since引导的从句(一般过去时)”"since+一段时间十ago”等连用。
(3)非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：
①非延续性动词转化为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时态。
borrow—keep buy—have catch a cold—have a cold get to know—know put on—wear
②非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”。
begin/start—be on go out—be out get to/arrive in/reach—be(in)die—be dead open—be open leave—be away finish—be over fall ill—be ill get up—be up fall asleep—be asleep become—be join—be in/be a member of make friends—be friends come/go—be+相应的介词短语
练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2.-- _____ he ____ (finish) his work today --Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. --Where’s Li Ming --He _______ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I _______ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I ____________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. --How long ________ the Wangs ___________(stay) here --For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students _________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey _____(climb) the tree.
14. My mother _______ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. ______ you ________ (see) it anywhere
二、用since和for填空
1. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.
2. I’ve known him ______ we were children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.
4. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.
5. It’s about ten years _______ she left the city.
三、用“never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since”填空。
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has ______ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4.-Have you ________ seen the film -No, I have ________ seen it.
5. -Has the bus left _______ -Yes, it has ______ left.
四、用have(has) been to 或have(has) gone to填空。
A: Where _________ Li Fei ________ B: He _________ Hainan Island.
A: How long ________ he ________ there B: He __________ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island B: Sorry, I ______ never ________ there.
A: How many times ________ Li Fei _______ that place B: He __________ there only once.
