2025人教版高中英语必修第一册同步练习题--UNIT4 NATURAL DISASTERS（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman sound
A.Encouraging.
B.Depressing.
C.Disappointing.
2.What is the man doing
A.He is walking on the grass.
B.He is wearing his glasses.
C.He is putting up a notice.
3. What does the man suggest about the laptop
A.Buying a new one.
B.Having it repaired.
C.Keeping on using it.
4. How does the man go to work
A.By bus.
B.On foot.
C.By car.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A.Rice fields.
B.Childhood memories.
C.Game playing.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What’s wrong with the woman’s room
A.It’s a little dark.
B.It’s not quiet.
C.It’s smelly.
7. What is the woman’s final decision
A.Moving to another room.
B.Checking in at another hotel.
C.Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8. What is the conversation mainly about
A.A weekend plan.
B.A camping trip.
C.A family dinner.
9. Why doesn’t the woman want to go hiking
A.It’s too cold outside.
B.It’s quite tiring.
C.It’s not exciting.
10. What will the speakers do first
A.Do some shopping.
B.Go to the cinema.
C.Visit the museum.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11. Which place would the man like to go
A.An exciting modern city.
B.A popular tourist attraction.
C.A quiet and faraway place.
12. What does the woman worry about
A.The weather.
B.The language.
C.The food and water.
13. What does the woman plan to do now
A.Travel with the man.
B.Do some gardening.
C.Go to the travel agency.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14. What happened to the woman in the beginning
A.She lost her phone.
B.She couldn’t find the way.
C.She was trapped in heavy snow.
15. Why did the woman turn off the engine
A.The car was running out of gas.
B.She stopped to answer a call.
C.The engine couldn’t work properly.
16. How did the woman keep warm
A.By drinking hot tea.
B.By using the car heater.
C.By having more clothes on.
17. What did the emergency services do
A.They called an ambulance.
B.They led the woman to her home.
C.They helped the woman go to the main road.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker doing
A.Organizing a rescue.
B.Reporting a disaster.
C.Conducting an interview.
19. Why is the rescue work rather difficult
A.No volunteers come to help.
B.The roads are badly damaged.
C.There are not enough aid workers.
20. What has Pakistan received from the UN
A.Funds. B.Shelters. C.Food supplies.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four of the World’s Natural Disasters
The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By floods, typhoons, or earthquakes, these events have collectively taken millions of human lives.
The Yangtze River Flood
The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan. The flood affected more than 50 million people. Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster.
Typhoon Nina
Typhoon Nina struck Henan province of China in August 1975. The typhoon caused a serious dam (水坝) failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured. According to reports, at least 26,000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine (饥荒). The number of people affected by the disaster was more than 10,000,000.
The Kashmir Earthquake
On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Kashmir region. The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.6, followed by many aftershocks, landslides, and falling rocks. The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor constructions (建筑物) in the affected areas. In Kashmir at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings fell down.
The Haiti Earthquake
At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti. The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.3 and was followed by aftershocks that registered magnitudes of 5.9 and 5.5. Another aftershock of 5.9 magnitude struck on January 20. There has been debate about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000-300,000 people died. Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes.
21.Which natural disaster caused the most deaths
A.The Yangtze River Flood.
B.Typhoon Nina.
C.The Kashmir Earthquake.
D.The Haiti Earthquake.
22.What made the situation in Kashmir more serious
A.The serious aftershocks.
B.The diseases after earthquakes.
C.The continuous falling rocks.
D.The low construction quality.
23.What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti
A.It had many secondary disasters.
B.It happened in the hottest season.
C.It had a debatable death number.
D.It happened once and for all.
B
Living in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the date and time as well as the magnitude and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0.
There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown on the website. So, my personal experiences with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church.As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said prayers—something like, “Help me get out of here in time, dear heavenly Father”. Minutes later, I was safe outside.
24.What does the author want to tell us by writing the passage
A.A new film about an earthquake.
B.How to survive an earthquake.
C.His three earthquake experiences.
D.How to save children in an earthquake.
25.What do the earthquakes the author has experienced have in common
A.All caused bodily harm.
B.All were recorded on a website.
C.All measured more than 6.0.
D.All happened in California.
26.When the first earthquake happened, the author .
A.was staying with his daughter
B.was planting fruit trees
C.held on to a tree for hours
D.was in a hotel
27.What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to
A.A church.
B.Disneyland.
C.A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D.The place where the author was born.
C
Phoenix, Arizona, the USA was struck by a big sandstorm(沙尘暴) recently. It was a huge dust storm that struck Phoenix a little after 7:00 p.m. local time.
Arizona has sandstorms particularly during the monsoon(季风) season which usually starts from mid-June until the end of September. However, this was the biggest. The cloud of dust turned day into night. Some trees were downed and gardens were destroyed and it cut off the power of thousands of local people in the area, but luckily no death happened. A number of people’s pools became dirty with dust. People who lived in Phoenix for more than 40 years said that this was the first time they had experienced this huge dust storm. It could greatly influence people’s health.
The big dust cloud started in Tucson traveling north across the desert. The huge storm ran up to 60 miles per hour. It was more than 100 miles wide and a mile high. Besides Phoenix and nearby cities, the storm also reached Yuma County in southwestern Arizona. It reduced the visibility(能见度) in these areas, putting off the flights at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport.
The storm only takes place in Arizona, the Sahara Desert and areas of the Middle East, because of the dry environment and large amounts of sand. Because of the serious shortage of rain, there’s a large possibility that the water is polluted because of the storm.
28.In what season do sandstorms usually take place in Arizona
A.In fall and winter.
B.In summer and fall.
C.In winter and spring.
D.In spring and summer.
29.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The storm. B.The wind.
C.The desert. D.The state.
30.Why were local people lucky after the big sandstorm happened
A.People’s health was not influenced.
B.It didn’t do harm to people’s gardens.
C.All the local people in the area survived.
D.The electricity was not affected at all.
31.What can probably be the title of the passage
A.Phoenix, Arizona has more sandstorms
B.Sandstorms do a great deal of harm to people
C.We must do something to prevent sandstorms
D.Phoenix, Arizona experienced a huge sandstorm
D
It happens in every disaster: For those in need, people often donate things that turn out to be more of a trouble.
Juanita Rilling remembers it happened in 1988 when she was a disaster expert trying to help people suffering from a hurricane in Honduras. “One morning I received a call from one of our logistics(物流) operators, and he explained to me that there was a plane carrying medical supplies that needed to land,” says Rilling. “But the ground was full, with lots of donations that no one had required. The plane—full of needed supplies—had to find someplace else to go. And it ended up stopping everyone’s plans by about 48 hours, which is important time in a disaster.”
Rilling now runs the Center for International Disaster Information, which is trying to make sure things like that don’t happen again. So when Superstorm Sandy hit, Rilling’s group started a project to encourage money donation. “Even a small donation can make a big difference and can be what people affected by a disaster need most,” Rilling says. But despite this, donators do that over and over. About 60% of the things donated after a disaster couldn’t be used. Often they are old clothing and food.
Meghan Hara, who deals with kind donations for the American Red Cross, says she knows that some people are careful with money. And she doesn’t think that the need to give something concrete (实物) should be completely stopped.
“Part of what people are doing is that they’re helping, and they’re trying to help. What we need to work out is how to effectively deal with those,” Hara says.
32.What caused the needed supplies to be put off after the hurricane in 1988
A.Workers on the plane.
B.A weather report.
C.Useless donations on the ground.
D.The call from the operator.
33.What did Rilling’s group suggest donating when Superstorm Sandy hit
A.Clothing. B.Money. C.Medicine. D.Food.
34.What is Meghan Hara’s attitude towards donating concrete things
A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Uncaring. D.Worried.
35.What might the author continue talking about
A.Studies on natural disasters.
B.The benefits of helping others.
C.Tips on choosing useful donations.
D.The ways of managing people’s donations.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A flood can develop slowly or rapidly, as in the case of flash floods which can develop in just a few minutes and without signs of rain.
36 This is the first thing that a person should do. It is unwise to just depend on history to decide whether your area is at risk of flooding.
Create an evacuation plan in case you have to evacuate your home. Pay attention to the safe areas you can go to. Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house. 37
If there is a possibility of a flash flood, leave your home and move to the higher ground at once. Do not wait for instructions to move. Evacuation may also cause a shortage of the food supply. 38 To survive, one must depend on food storage.
While evacuating, avoid walking through moving water. Even six inches of moving water can make you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. 39
Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car, abandon (舍弃) the car and move to the higher ground when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep. 40 If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising and going inside the car, move on to the roof (车顶).
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re in is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.They would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.In these conditions, hunger becomes a very real problem.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Hurricane Laura 41 the city of Lake Charles, an evacuation was ordered. But for the 19 newborn babies, leaving was pretty much 42 . Members at the hospital were 43 that they’d remain with them until the danger passed.
With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other 44 stayed behind in the NICU, 45 their little babies in turn. Later, for their safety, they sent the babies to their main campus across the 46 in under two hours. The whole hospital went all out to make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the 47 .
Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was 48 out and water was cut off in the hospital. Throughout the hurricane, Dr. Bossano kept anxious parents calm by frequent 49 on his Facebook page.
The storm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn’t been 50 by the hurricane. “This morning, the babies were 51 . Thank goodness, I finally got a couple of hours of 52 ,” said Bossano. It’s important to know the devotion of all the nurses and doctors to keep taking care of the babies when they didn’t even know the 53 of their homes. “In a small town like this, people have to 54 . I’m proud of them,” Bossano 55 .
41.A.arrived B.left C.hit D.beat
42.A.impossible B.necessary C.important D.suitable
43.A.frightened B.worried C.annoyed D.determined
44.A.soldiers B.parents C.doctors D.friends
45.A.looking for B.caring for C.asking for D.waiting for
46.A.city B.country C.school D.university
47.A.way B.trip C.day D.plan
48.A.knocked B.turned C.checked D.called
49.A.tips B.titles C.topics D.posts
50.A.applied B.trapped C.suffered D.affected
51.A.dangerous B.safe C.awake D.calm
52.A.sleep B.focus C.energy D.entertainment
53.A.content B.design C.condition D.impression
54.A.put together B.live together C.pull together D.get together
55.A.admired B.added C.introduced D.advanced
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Formed in 2001, the China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR)brings help and hope to those 56 lives are changed by natural disasters.
The team carried out its first international rescue mission in 2003. It was the first time that a Chinese team 57 (work)outside China, and the team won high praise 58 their bravery and skills. The list of people to whom help has been given ever since is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, and spent several months 59 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers 60 (train)to find people, treat the injured, and hand out food, water, and other 61 (supply). There is 62 (usual)no electricity or water after a disaster and diseases and accidents may appear. 63 (save)lives, rescue workers have to work day and night, and sadly they must also bury 64 dead, which means they have to be strong in both the body and the mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. Of course, they’ll have to take 65 (effect)measures. The members of the CISAR are always ready to go wherever help is needed.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
昨天A市(A city)发生了严重洪灾,人、建筑物、汽车被大水冲走,损失惨重。请根据下面提供的信息,为某英语报社写一篇80词左右的新闻报道,报道的标题已给出。内容包括:
1.受灾情况:如人员伤亡(多达50人死亡,数百人受伤);很多建筑物损毁;供水、供电中断等;
2.救援人员:军队、医务人员等;
3.赈灾措施:运送生活物资;人们捐款等。
注意:结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
A Terrible Flood
With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For my family, a vacation in Penang is a yearly event. My mother and father were raised in Penang, so they loved Penang cuisine. Each December, we’d go to the island and take a three-day tour of their favorite places for meals.
This year we began the trip to the north on a Friday morning. It took us six hours to arrive at our destination. We always stayed at a hotel in Batu Ferringhi. The beach was only a few steps away from the hotel, and our rooms had a beautiful ocean view. We spent our first night playing on the beach. Then, we went back to the hotel rooms and started playing games. My parents had a rule for our holidays that we should spend time doing something together. There was no television or network.
We reached Bukit Bendera the following day, and then wandered around the town for the rest of the afternoon, visiting our favorite shops. We were drinking tea in a cafe when we heard someone discussing an earthquake off Sumatra, an Indonesian island. After we returned to our hotel, we left for the beach. We went for a stroll on the beach, collecting shells along the way. When I looked up, I could see that the sunlight was more brilliant than I had imagined. Far away, I could see a big tree shaking under the sunlight. We didn’t think anything terrible was going to happen. All of a sudden, I realized something strange. It was as if the sea were moving away from the coast. I called my dad to check on this strange event. My dad took a look and his face went pale. In the distance we could see a gray line approaching the coast. It seemed to grow taller within seconds.
注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。
My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel.
We waited a long time before going downstairs.
答案全解全析
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A
9.B 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C
17.C 18.B 19.B 20.A 21.A 22.D 23.C 24.C
25.D 26.A 27.B 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.D 32.C
33.B 34.A 35.D 36.D 37.F 38.G 39.C 40.B
41.C 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.B 48.A
49.D 50.D 51.B 52.A 53.C 54.C 55.B
56.whose 57.had worked 58.for 59.giving 60.are trained/train 61.supplies 62.usually 63.To save 64.the 65.effective
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是世界上四次自然灾害的相关情况。
21.A 细节理解题。根据The Yangtze River Flood 部分中的“about 3.7 million people died in this disaster”可知,在这次灾难中约有370万人丧生;根据Typhoon Nina部分中的“According to reports, at least 26,000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine.”可知,这次洪水造成至少26,000人死亡,水污染和饥荒造成大约145,000人死亡;根据The Kashmir Earthquake部分中的“In Kashmir at least 79,000 people were killed”可知,至少有79,000人在这次地震中丧生;根据The Haiti Earthquake部分中的“estimates suggest that about 200,000-300,000 people died”可知,在这次地震中大约有20万至30万人丧生。综合以上信息可知,在以上四次自然灾害中,导致死亡人数最多的应是长江洪水。故选A。
22.D 细节理解题。根据The Kashmir Earthquake 部分中的“The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor constructions (建筑物) in the affected areas.”可知,劣质的建筑物使得克什米尔的情况更加糟糕。故选D。
23.C 推理判断题。根据The Haiti Earthquake部分中的“There has been debate about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake”可知,发生在海地的这次地震造成的死亡人数一直存在争议。故选C。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己所经历的三次地震。
24.C 推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者在文中回忆了自己所经历的三次地震。 所以作者写这篇文章是想要告诉我们自己经历的三次地震。故选C。
25.D 细节理解题。根据“The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”“The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.” 以及“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”可知,作者经历的三次地震都发生在加州。故选D。
26.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”可知,作者和女儿共同经历了第一次地震。故选A。
27.B 词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知,作者全家去了南加州的迪斯尼乐园。就在他们开始从旅馆向这个著名的地标走去的时候,大地开始震动。故推知,画线词the famous landmark“著名的地标”指的是上文提到的Disneyland。故选B。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了美国亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市最近遭到了一场沙尘暴的袭击。
28.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可知,在亚利桑那州,沙尘暴通常在6月中旬至9月末之间出现,这个时间是夏季和秋季。故选B项(在夏季和秋季)。
29.A 词义猜测题。文章开头讲到美国亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市最近遭到了一场沙尘暴的袭击,画线词所在句的上一句指出亚利桑那州尤其在季风季节发生沙尘暴,由此可知,this指的就是上文提到的沙尘暴。故选A项。
30.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第四句可知,幸运的是,在这场沙尘暴中没有人丧生,即所有人都幸存下来了。故选C项。
31.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句并结合全文其他内容可知,文章主要讲了菲尼克斯市最近遭受的一场沙尘暴。故选D项。A项(亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市有更多的沙尘暴)和B项(沙尘暴对人们造成了很多危害)只是文中涉及的两个方面,不能作为整篇文章的主旨。本文没有提到预防沙尘暴的措施,故C项(我们必须做些什么来防止沙尘暴)错误。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文,谈论了在救灾时,人们捐赠物品带来的问题以及捐赠实物这种形式保留的必要性。
32.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the ground was full, with lots of donations that no one had required.The plane—full of needed supplies—had to find someplace else to go.”可知,地面上没用的捐赠物造成装有需要的物资的飞机无法降落,导致需要的供给品延迟送达。故选C。
33.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“So when Superstorm Sandy hit, Rilling’s group started a project to encourage money donation.”可知,当飓风桑迪来袭时,Rilling的团队建议人们捐钱。故选B。
34.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“And she doesn’t think that the need to give something concrete should be completely stopped.”可知, Meghan Hara认为不应该完全制止捐赠实物。故推知,她对人们捐赠实物是支持的。故选A。
35.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What we need to work out is how to effectively deal with those”可知,Hara认为需要解决的是如何有效地处理捐赠物的问题。故推知,作者接下来可能要讨论的是管理人们捐赠的物品的方式。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了在洪水来临时人们应该如何展开自救。
36.D 主旨句。下文讲到,这是一个人应该做的第一件事。仅仅依靠历史来判断你的地区是否有发生洪水的风险是不明智的。分析对比选项可知,D项“知道你所在的地区是否有发生洪水的风险”指明应该自己去判断是否有发生洪水的风险,与下文衔接合理,故选D。at risk of为原词复现。
37.F 细节句。上文讲到,准备好应对自然灾害的食物包,如果你必须离开你的房子,你可以很容易地随身携带它们。F项“它们将有助于为紧急情况储存食物”解释了应急食物包的用途,符合题意。故选F。
38.G 细节句。设空处与前后文构成的语意结构为:疏散也可能造成食物供给的短缺→ 38 →为了生存下去,人必须依靠储存的食物。G项“在这些情况下,饥饿成为一个非常现实的问题”与上文构成因果关系,并且引起下文,符合语境。故选G。
39.C 细节句。上文提到,即使是6英寸深的流水也会让你跌倒。如果你必须在水里走,就在水不流动的地方走。C项“用一根枝条检查你前面的地面”进一步指出如何在水中安全地前进,符合语境。故选C。
40.B 细节句。本段主要讲不要开车进入被洪水淹没的地方。空前句讲到,如果洪水在你的车周围上涨,在水不流动或不超过几英寸深的时候,放弃汽车并转移到更高的地方。B项“你和车可能很快就会被冲走”与本段内容相符。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了飓风劳拉袭击莱克查尔斯市时,在民众都撤离的情况下,医院的医护人员照顾19个无法离开的新生儿的故事,体现了医护人员的奉献精神。
41.C 自然灾害“袭击;侵袭”某个地方时,常用动词hit。故选C。
42.A 根据本句中的But可知,该句和上一句构成转折关系。由此推知,人们撤离时,19个新生儿无法离开。故选A。
43.D 根据“they’d remain with them until the danger passed”可知,19个新生儿不可能离开,医院的工作人员决定要陪在这些孩子身边。故选D。
44.C 根据上一段中的“Members at the hospital were 43 that they’d remain with them”可知,陪伴孩子的是医院里的工作人员。故选C。
45.B 根据常识,此处指医生和护士照顾新生儿们。最后一段中的“taking care of the babies”也是提示。故选B。
46.A 根据第一段中的“the city of Lake Charles”可知,Lake Charles是个城市。因此该处指他们在不到两小时的时间里穿过城市把孩子们送到了主院区。故选A。
47.B 将婴儿们送到主院区是一次“旅行”。故选B。
48.A 根据“Unfortunately”和“water was cut off”可以推知,空调被破坏了,不运转了。knock out意为“破坏”。故选A。
49.D 根据空后的“his Facebook page”可知,博萨诺医生在他的脸书页面上发帖安慰那些焦虑的父母。故选D。
50.D 根据常识,暴风雨停了,婴儿们被送到其他必要的服务没有受到飓风影响的新生儿加护病房。故选D。
51.B 此处指今天早上,婴儿们都安全了。根据后面的“Thank goodness”可知,婴儿们终于安全了。故选B。
52.A 此处指谢天谢地,“我”终于可以睡几个小时了。飓风过去了,婴儿们安然无恙,照看他们的医生终于可以睡几个小时了。故选A。
53.C 此处指了解所有护士和医生的奉献精神是很重要的,当甚至不知道自己家的情况时,他们一直在照顾这些婴儿。故选C。
54.C 此处指在这样的小镇上,人们必须团结一致。故选C。
55.B 此处是博萨诺补充的话。admire钦佩;add补充说;introduce介绍,引进;advance提出。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了成立于2001年的中国国际救援队给那些遭受自然灾害的人带来了帮助和希望。
56.whose 考查定语从句。 设空处无提示词,前面为代词,设空处后的lives(生活)前缺定语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词those,表示所属关系,所以用关系代词whose。句意:成立于2001年的中国国际救援队给那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人带来了帮助和希望。
57.had worked 考查动词的时态。It was the first time that sb. had done...意为“这是某人第一次做……”,故填had worked。
58.for 考查介词。 句意:这是中国团队第一次在国外工作,该团队因其勇敢和技术赢得了高度赞扬。for意为“因为,由于”,符合句意。故填for。
59.giving 考查动名词。此处为固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填giving。
60.are trained/train 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:救援人员接受寻找人员,治疗伤者,分发食物、水和其他补给品的训练。结合语境及下文可知,此处属于客观阐述,应用一般现在时。train既是及物动词又是不及物动词,train作及物动词时,Rescue workers与train之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,train作不及物动词时没有被动语态,且Rescue workers为复数。故填are trained或train。
61.supplies 考查名词复数。这里指“食物、水和其他补给品”,supply表示“补给品”时常用复数形式。故填supplies。
62.usually 考查副词。设空处所在句是一个完整的句子,提示词为形容词,所以用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。故填usually。句意:灾难过后通常没有电,也没有水,并且可能会出现疾病和事故。
63.To save 考查不定式。句意:为了拯救生命,救援人员必须夜以继日地工作,不幸的是,他们还必须埋葬死者,这意味着他们必须身心强健。设空处置于句首,结合语境可知用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To save。
64.the 考查冠词。设空处后为形容词,故设空处和形容词dead一起作宾语。“定冠词+形容词”表示一类人,the dead表示“死者”,故填the。
65.effective 考查形容词。设空处前后为固定搭配take measures,所以设空处用effect的形容词effective作定语修饰measures,意为“有效的”。故填effective。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
A Terrible Flood
A terrible flood hit A city yesterday, causing great damage. The number of deaths stood at 50 and hundreds of people were injured. Numerous houses and roads were in ruins, leaving a great many citizens homeless. Food was hard to get and water and electricity supplies were cut off.
Soon after the flood, rescue workers, including medical teams and troops, were quickly organized and sent to the disaster-hit area. Fresh water and food were transported to the area. People donated money voluntarily. Volunteers from around the country came to aid in the disaster relief work.
With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon.
第二节
One possible version:
My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel. He held my arm and dragged me along. As we got to the gate of the hotel, we heard a noise coming from behind. My father urged us to hide upstairs. We were in a state of terror, and as we got to the second level, we could hear the roar of running water. My dad was screaming at us to go up. On the fourth level we paused, staring at the water beneath. It stopped growing. A few minutes later, it started to fall.
We waited a long time before going downstairs. As soon as the running water stopped, we could see the unrecognizable gate of the hotel. The hotel was filled with mud and destroyed furniture. There were also some people who fell into the water and fainted or cried out in pain. What we saw weakened our hearts, so we decided to assist the victims after a narrow escape. Never had I had such a thrilling but dangerous vacation before. The special visit to Penang left a deep impression on me.
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2025人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman sound
A.Encouraging.
B.Depressing.
C.Disappointing.
2.What is the man doing
A.He is walking on the grass.
B.He is wearing his glasses.
C.He is putting up a notice.
3. What does the man suggest about the laptop
A.Buying a new one.
B.Having it repaired.
C.Keeping on using it.
4. How does the man go to work
A.By bus.
B.On foot.
C.By car.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A.Rice fields.
B.Childhood memories.
C.Game playing.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What’s wrong with the woman’s room
A.It’s a little dark.
B.It’s not quiet.
C.It’s smelly.
7. What is the woman’s final decision
A.Moving to another room.
B.Checking in at another hotel.
C.Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8. What is the conversation mainly about
A.A weekend plan.
B.A camping trip.
C.A family dinner.
9. Why doesn’t the woman want to go hiking
A.It’s too cold outside.
B.It’s quite tiring.
C.It’s not exciting.
10. What will the speakers do first
A.Do some shopping.
B.Go to the cinema.
C.Visit the museum.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11. Which place would the man like to go
A.An exciting modern city.
B.A popular tourist attraction.
C.A quiet and faraway place.
12. What does the woman worry about
A.The weather.
B.The language.
C.The food and water.
13. What does the woman plan to do now
A.Travel with the man.
B.Do some gardening.
C.Go to the travel agency.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14. What happened to the woman in the beginning
A.She lost her phone.
B.She couldn’t find the way.
C.She was trapped in heavy snow.
15. Why did the woman turn off the engine
A.The car was running out of gas.
B.She stopped to answer a call.
C.The engine couldn’t work properly.
16. How did the woman keep warm
A.By drinking hot tea.
B.By using the car heater.
C.By having more clothes on.
17. What did the emergency services do
A.They called an ambulance.
B.They led the woman to her home.
C.They helped the woman go to the main road.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker doing
A.Organizing a rescue.
B.Reporting a disaster.
C.Conducting an interview.
19. Why is the rescue work rather difficult
A.No volunteers come to help.
B.The roads are badly damaged.
C.There are not enough aid workers.
20. What has Pakistan received from the UN
A.Funds. B.Shelters. C.Food supplies.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four of the World’s Natural Disasters
The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By floods, typhoons, or earthquakes, these events have collectively taken millions of human lives.
The Yangtze River Flood
The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan. The flood affected more than 50 million people. Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster.
Typhoon Nina
Typhoon Nina struck Henan province of China in August 1975. The typhoon caused a serious dam (水坝) failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured. According to reports, at least 26,000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine (饥荒). The number of people affected by the disaster was more than 10,000,000.
The Kashmir Earthquake
On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Kashmir region. The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.6, followed by many aftershocks, landslides, and falling rocks. The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor constructions (建筑物) in the affected areas. In Kashmir at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings fell down.
The Haiti Earthquake
At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti. The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.3 and was followed by aftershocks that registered magnitudes of 5.9 and 5.5. Another aftershock of 5.9 magnitude struck on January 20. There has been debate about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000-300,000 people died. Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes.
21.Which natural disaster caused the most deaths
A.The Yangtze River Flood.
B.Typhoon Nina.
C.The Kashmir Earthquake.
D.The Haiti Earthquake.
22.What made the situation in Kashmir more serious
A.The serious aftershocks.
B.The diseases after earthquakes.
C.The continuous falling rocks.
D.The low construction quality.
23.What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti
A.It had many secondary disasters.
B.It happened in the hottest season.
C.It had a debatable death number.
D.It happened once and for all.
B
Living in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the date and time as well as the magnitude and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0.
There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown on the website. So, my personal experiences with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church.As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said prayers—something like, “Help me get out of here in time, dear heavenly Father”. Minutes later, I was safe outside.
24.What does the author want to tell us by writing the passage
A.A new film about an earthquake.
B.How to survive an earthquake.
C.His three earthquake experiences.
D.How to save children in an earthquake.
25.What do the earthquakes the author has experienced have in common
A.All caused bodily harm.
B.All were recorded on a website.
C.All measured more than 6.0.
D.All happened in California.
26.When the first earthquake happened, the author .
A.was staying with his daughter
B.was planting fruit trees
C.held on to a tree for hours
D.was in a hotel
27.What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to
A.A church.
B.Disneyland.
C.A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D.The place where the author was born.
C
Phoenix, Arizona, the USA was struck by a big sandstorm(沙尘暴) recently. It was a huge dust storm that struck Phoenix a little after 7:00 p.m. local time.
Arizona has sandstorms particularly during the monsoon(季风) season which usually starts from mid-June until the end of September. However, this was the biggest. The cloud of dust turned day into night. Some trees were downed and gardens were destroyed and it cut off the power of thousands of local people in the area, but luckily no death happened. A number of people’s pools became dirty with dust. People who lived in Phoenix for more than 40 years said that this was the first time they had experienced this huge dust storm. It could greatly influence people’s health.
The big dust cloud started in Tucson traveling north across the desert. The huge storm ran up to 60 miles per hour. It was more than 100 miles wide and a mile high. Besides Phoenix and nearby cities, the storm also reached Yuma County in southwestern Arizona. It reduced the visibility(能见度) in these areas, putting off the flights at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport.
The storm only takes place in Arizona, the Sahara Desert and areas of the Middle East, because of the dry environment and large amounts of sand. Because of the serious shortage of rain, there’s a large possibility that the water is polluted because of the storm.
28.In what season do sandstorms usually take place in Arizona
A.In fall and winter.
B.In summer and fall.
C.In winter and spring.
D.In spring and summer.
29.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The storm. B.The wind.
C.The desert. D.The state.
30.Why were local people lucky after the big sandstorm happened
A.People’s health was not influenced.
B.It didn’t do harm to people’s gardens.
C.All the local people in the area survived.
D.The electricity was not affected at all.
31.What can probably be the title of the passage
A.Phoenix, Arizona has more sandstorms
B.Sandstorms do a great deal of harm to people
C.We must do something to prevent sandstorms
D.Phoenix, Arizona experienced a huge sandstorm
D
It happens in every disaster: For those in need, people often donate things that turn out to be more of a trouble.
Juanita Rilling remembers it happened in 1988 when she was a disaster expert trying to help people suffering from a hurricane in Honduras. “One morning I received a call from one of our logistics(物流) operators, and he explained to me that there was a plane carrying medical supplies that needed to land,” says Rilling. “But the ground was full, with lots of donations that no one had required. The plane—full of needed supplies—had to find someplace else to go. And it ended up stopping everyone’s plans by about 48 hours, which is important time in a disaster.”
Rilling now runs the Center for International Disaster Information, which is trying to make sure things like that don’t happen again. So when Superstorm Sandy hit, Rilling’s group started a project to encourage money donation. “Even a small donation can make a big difference and can be what people affected by a disaster need most,” Rilling says. But despite this, donators do that over and over. About 60% of the things donated after a disaster couldn’t be used. Often they are old clothing and food.
Meghan Hara, who deals with kind donations for the American Red Cross, says she knows that some people are careful with money. And she doesn’t think that the need to give something concrete (实物) should be completely stopped.
“Part of what people are doing is that they’re helping, and they’re trying to help. What we need to work out is how to effectively deal with those,” Hara says.
32.What caused the needed supplies to be put off after the hurricane in 1988
A.Workers on the plane.
B.A weather report.
C.Useless donations on the ground.
D.The call from the operator.
33.What did Rilling’s group suggest donating when Superstorm Sandy hit
A.Clothing. B.Money. C.Medicine. D.Food.
34.What is Meghan Hara’s attitude towards donating concrete things
A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Uncaring. D.Worried.
35.What might the author continue talking about
A.Studies on natural disasters.
B.The benefits of helping others.
C.Tips on choosing useful donations.
D.The ways of managing people’s donations.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A flood can develop slowly or rapidly, as in the case of flash floods which can develop in just a few minutes and without signs of rain.
36 This is the first thing that a person should do. It is unwise to just depend on history to decide whether your area is at risk of flooding.
Create an evacuation plan in case you have to evacuate your home. Pay attention to the safe areas you can go to. Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house. 37
If there is a possibility of a flash flood, leave your home and move to the higher ground at once. Do not wait for instructions to move. Evacuation may also cause a shortage of the food supply. 38 To survive, one must depend on food storage.
While evacuating, avoid walking through moving water. Even six inches of moving water can make you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. 39
Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car, abandon (舍弃) the car and move to the higher ground when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep. 40 If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising and going inside the car, move on to the roof (车顶).
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re in is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.They would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.In these conditions, hunger becomes a very real problem.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Hurricane Laura 41 the city of Lake Charles, an evacuation was ordered. But for the 19 newborn babies, leaving was pretty much 42 . Members at the hospital were 43 that they’d remain with them until the danger passed.
With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other 44 stayed behind in the NICU, 45 their little babies in turn. Later, for their safety, they sent the babies to their main campus across the 46 in under two hours. The whole hospital went all out to make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the 47 .
Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was 48 out and water was cut off in the hospital. Throughout the hurricane, Dr. Bossano kept anxious parents calm by frequent 49 on his Facebook page.
The storm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn’t been 50 by the hurricane. “This morning, the babies were 51 . Thank goodness, I finally got a couple of hours of 52 ,” said Bossano. It’s important to know the devotion of all the nurses and doctors to keep taking care of the babies when they didn’t even know the 53 of their homes. “In a small town like this, people have to 54 . I’m proud of them,” Bossano 55 .
41.A.arrived B.left C.hit D.beat
42.A.impossible B.necessary C.important D.suitable
43.A.frightened B.worried C.annoyed D.determined
44.A.soldiers B.parents C.doctors D.friends
45.A.looking for B.caring for C.asking for D.waiting for
46.A.city B.country C.school D.university
47.A.way B.trip C.day D.plan
48.A.knocked B.turned C.checked D.called
49.A.tips B.titles C.topics D.posts
50.A.applied B.trapped C.suffered D.affected
51.A.dangerous B.safe C.awake D.calm
52.A.sleep B.focus C.energy D.entertainment
53.A.content B.design C.condition D.impression
54.A.put together B.live together C.pull together D.get together
55.A.admired B.added C.introduced D.advanced
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Formed in 2001, the China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR)brings help and hope to those 56 lives are changed by natural disasters.
The team carried out its first international rescue mission in 2003. It was the first time that a Chinese team 57 (work)outside China, and the team won high praise 58 their bravery and skills. The list of people to whom help has been given ever since is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, and spent several months 59 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers 60 (train)to find people, treat the injured, and hand out food, water, and other 61 (supply). There is 62 (usual)no electricity or water after a disaster and diseases and accidents may appear. 63 (save)lives, rescue workers have to work day and night, and sadly they must also bury 64 dead, which means they have to be strong in both the body and the mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. Of course, they’ll have to take 65 (effect)measures. The members of the CISAR are always ready to go wherever help is needed.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
昨天A市(A city)发生了严重洪灾,人、建筑物、汽车被大水冲走,损失惨重。请根据下面提供的信息,为某英语报社写一篇80词左右的新闻报道,报道的标题已给出。内容包括:
1.受灾情况:如人员伤亡(多达50人死亡,数百人受伤);很多建筑物损毁;供水、供电中断等;
2.救援人员:军队、医务人员等;
3.赈灾措施:运送生活物资;人们捐款等。
注意:结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
A Terrible Flood
With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For my family, a vacation in Penang is a yearly event. My mother and father were raised in Penang, so they loved Penang cuisine. Each December, we’d go to the island and take a three-day tour of their favorite places for meals.
This year we began the trip to the north on a Friday morning. It took us six hours to arrive at our destination. We always stayed at a hotel in Batu Ferringhi. The beach was only a few steps away from the hotel, and our rooms had a beautiful ocean view. We spent our first night playing on the beach. Then, we went back to the hotel rooms and started playing games. My parents had a rule for our holidays that we should spend time doing something together. There was no television or network.
We reached Bukit Bendera the following day, and then wandered around the town for the rest of the afternoon, visiting our favorite shops. We were drinking tea in a cafe when we heard someone discussing an earthquake off Sumatra, an Indonesian island. After we returned to our hotel, we left for the beach. We went for a stroll on the beach, collecting shells along the way. When I looked up, I could see that the sunlight was more brilliant than I had imagined. Far away, I could see a big tree shaking under the sunlight. We didn’t think anything terrible was going to happen. All of a sudden, I realized something strange. It was as if the sea were moving away from the coast. I called my dad to check on this strange event. My dad took a look and his face went pale. In the distance we could see a gray line approaching the coast. It seemed to grow taller within seconds.
注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。
My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel.
We waited a long time before going downstairs.
答案全解全析
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A
9.B 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C
17.C 18.B 19.B 20.A 21.A 22.D 23.C 24.C
25.D 26.A 27.B 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.D 32.C
33.B 34.A 35.D 36.D 37.F 38.G 39.C 40.B
41.C 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.B 48.A
49.D 50.D 51.B 52.A 53.C 54.C 55.B
56.whose 57.had worked 58.for 59.giving 60.are trained/train 61.supplies 62.usually 63.To save 64.the 65.effective
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是世界上四次自然灾害的相关情况。
21.A 细节理解题。根据The Yangtze River Flood 部分中的“about 3.7 million people died in this disaster”可知,在这次灾难中约有370万人丧生;根据Typhoon Nina部分中的“According to reports, at least 26,000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine.”可知,这次洪水造成至少26,000人死亡,水污染和饥荒造成大约145,000人死亡;根据The Kashmir Earthquake部分中的“In Kashmir at least 79,000 people were killed”可知,至少有79,000人在这次地震中丧生;根据The Haiti Earthquake部分中的“estimates suggest that about 200,000-300,000 people died”可知,在这次地震中大约有20万至30万人丧生。综合以上信息可知,在以上四次自然灾害中,导致死亡人数最多的应是长江洪水。故选A。
22.D 细节理解题。根据The Kashmir Earthquake 部分中的“The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor constructions (建筑物) in the affected areas.”可知,劣质的建筑物使得克什米尔的情况更加糟糕。故选D。
23.C 推理判断题。根据The Haiti Earthquake部分中的“There has been debate about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake”可知,发生在海地的这次地震造成的死亡人数一直存在争议。故选C。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己所经历的三次地震。
24.C 推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者在文中回忆了自己所经历的三次地震。 所以作者写这篇文章是想要告诉我们自己经历的三次地震。故选C。
25.D 细节理解题。根据“The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”“The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.” 以及“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”可知,作者经历的三次地震都发生在加州。故选D。
26.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”可知,作者和女儿共同经历了第一次地震。故选A。
27.B 词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知,作者全家去了南加州的迪斯尼乐园。就在他们开始从旅馆向这个著名的地标走去的时候,大地开始震动。故推知,画线词the famous landmark“著名的地标”指的是上文提到的Disneyland。故选B。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了美国亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市最近遭到了一场沙尘暴的袭击。
28.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可知,在亚利桑那州,沙尘暴通常在6月中旬至9月末之间出现,这个时间是夏季和秋季。故选B项(在夏季和秋季)。
29.A 词义猜测题。文章开头讲到美国亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市最近遭到了一场沙尘暴的袭击,画线词所在句的上一句指出亚利桑那州尤其在季风季节发生沙尘暴,由此可知,this指的就是上文提到的沙尘暴。故选A项。
30.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第四句可知,幸运的是,在这场沙尘暴中没有人丧生,即所有人都幸存下来了。故选C项。
31.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句并结合全文其他内容可知,文章主要讲了菲尼克斯市最近遭受的一场沙尘暴。故选D项。A项(亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市有更多的沙尘暴)和B项(沙尘暴对人们造成了很多危害)只是文中涉及的两个方面,不能作为整篇文章的主旨。本文没有提到预防沙尘暴的措施,故C项(我们必须做些什么来防止沙尘暴)错误。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文,谈论了在救灾时,人们捐赠物品带来的问题以及捐赠实物这种形式保留的必要性。
32.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the ground was full, with lots of donations that no one had required.The plane—full of needed supplies—had to find someplace else to go.”可知,地面上没用的捐赠物造成装有需要的物资的飞机无法降落,导致需要的供给品延迟送达。故选C。
33.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“So when Superstorm Sandy hit, Rilling’s group started a project to encourage money donation.”可知,当飓风桑迪来袭时,Rilling的团队建议人们捐钱。故选B。
34.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“And she doesn’t think that the need to give something concrete should be completely stopped.”可知, Meghan Hara认为不应该完全制止捐赠实物。故推知,她对人们捐赠实物是支持的。故选A。
35.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What we need to work out is how to effectively deal with those”可知,Hara认为需要解决的是如何有效地处理捐赠物的问题。故推知,作者接下来可能要讨论的是管理人们捐赠的物品的方式。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了在洪水来临时人们应该如何展开自救。
36.D 主旨句。下文讲到,这是一个人应该做的第一件事。仅仅依靠历史来判断你的地区是否有发生洪水的风险是不明智的。分析对比选项可知,D项“知道你所在的地区是否有发生洪水的风险”指明应该自己去判断是否有发生洪水的风险,与下文衔接合理,故选D。at risk of为原词复现。
37.F 细节句。上文讲到,准备好应对自然灾害的食物包,如果你必须离开你的房子,你可以很容易地随身携带它们。F项“它们将有助于为紧急情况储存食物”解释了应急食物包的用途,符合题意。故选F。
38.G 细节句。设空处与前后文构成的语意结构为:疏散也可能造成食物供给的短缺→ 38 →为了生存下去,人必须依靠储存的食物。G项“在这些情况下,饥饿成为一个非常现实的问题”与上文构成因果关系,并且引起下文,符合语境。故选G。
39.C 细节句。上文提到,即使是6英寸深的流水也会让你跌倒。如果你必须在水里走,就在水不流动的地方走。C项“用一根枝条检查你前面的地面”进一步指出如何在水中安全地前进,符合语境。故选C。
40.B 细节句。本段主要讲不要开车进入被洪水淹没的地方。空前句讲到,如果洪水在你的车周围上涨,在水不流动或不超过几英寸深的时候,放弃汽车并转移到更高的地方。B项“你和车可能很快就会被冲走”与本段内容相符。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了飓风劳拉袭击莱克查尔斯市时,在民众都撤离的情况下,医院的医护人员照顾19个无法离开的新生儿的故事,体现了医护人员的奉献精神。
41.C 自然灾害“袭击;侵袭”某个地方时,常用动词hit。故选C。
42.A 根据本句中的But可知,该句和上一句构成转折关系。由此推知,人们撤离时,19个新生儿无法离开。故选A。
43.D 根据“they’d remain with them until the danger passed”可知,19个新生儿不可能离开,医院的工作人员决定要陪在这些孩子身边。故选D。
44.C 根据上一段中的“Members at the hospital were 43 that they’d remain with them”可知,陪伴孩子的是医院里的工作人员。故选C。
45.B 根据常识,此处指医生和护士照顾新生儿们。最后一段中的“taking care of the babies”也是提示。故选B。
46.A 根据第一段中的“the city of Lake Charles”可知,Lake Charles是个城市。因此该处指他们在不到两小时的时间里穿过城市把孩子们送到了主院区。故选A。
47.B 将婴儿们送到主院区是一次“旅行”。故选B。
48.A 根据“Unfortunately”和“water was cut off”可以推知,空调被破坏了,不运转了。knock out意为“破坏”。故选A。
49.D 根据空后的“his Facebook page”可知,博萨诺医生在他的脸书页面上发帖安慰那些焦虑的父母。故选D。
50.D 根据常识,暴风雨停了,婴儿们被送到其他必要的服务没有受到飓风影响的新生儿加护病房。故选D。
51.B 此处指今天早上,婴儿们都安全了。根据后面的“Thank goodness”可知,婴儿们终于安全了。故选B。
52.A 此处指谢天谢地,“我”终于可以睡几个小时了。飓风过去了,婴儿们安然无恙,照看他们的医生终于可以睡几个小时了。故选A。
53.C 此处指了解所有护士和医生的奉献精神是很重要的,当甚至不知道自己家的情况时,他们一直在照顾这些婴儿。故选C。
54.C 此处指在这样的小镇上,人们必须团结一致。故选C。
55.B 此处是博萨诺补充的话。admire钦佩;add补充说;introduce介绍,引进;advance提出。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了成立于2001年的中国国际救援队给那些遭受自然灾害的人带来了帮助和希望。
56.whose 考查定语从句。 设空处无提示词,前面为代词,设空处后的lives(生活)前缺定语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词those,表示所属关系,所以用关系代词whose。句意:成立于2001年的中国国际救援队给那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人带来了帮助和希望。
57.had worked 考查动词的时态。It was the first time that sb. had done...意为“这是某人第一次做……”,故填had worked。
58.for 考查介词。 句意:这是中国团队第一次在国外工作,该团队因其勇敢和技术赢得了高度赞扬。for意为“因为,由于”,符合句意。故填for。
59.giving 考查动名词。此处为固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填giving。
60.are trained/train 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:救援人员接受寻找人员,治疗伤者,分发食物、水和其他补给品的训练。结合语境及下文可知,此处属于客观阐述,应用一般现在时。train既是及物动词又是不及物动词,train作及物动词时,Rescue workers与train之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,train作不及物动词时没有被动语态,且Rescue workers为复数。故填are trained或train。
61.supplies 考查名词复数。这里指“食物、水和其他补给品”,supply表示“补给品”时常用复数形式。故填supplies。
62.usually 考查副词。设空处所在句是一个完整的句子,提示词为形容词,所以用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。故填usually。句意:灾难过后通常没有电,也没有水,并且可能会出现疾病和事故。
63.To save 考查不定式。句意:为了拯救生命,救援人员必须夜以继日地工作,不幸的是,他们还必须埋葬死者,这意味着他们必须身心强健。设空处置于句首,结合语境可知用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To save。
64.the 考查冠词。设空处后为形容词,故设空处和形容词dead一起作宾语。“定冠词+形容词”表示一类人,the dead表示“死者”,故填the。
65.effective 考查形容词。设空处前后为固定搭配take measures,所以设空处用effect的形容词effective作定语修饰measures,意为“有效的”。故填effective。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
A Terrible Flood
A terrible flood hit A city yesterday, causing great damage. The number of deaths stood at 50 and hundreds of people were injured. Numerous houses and roads were in ruins, leaving a great many citizens homeless. Food was hard to get and water and electricity supplies were cut off.
Soon after the flood, rescue workers, including medical teams and troops, were quickly organized and sent to the disaster-hit area. Fresh water and food were transported to the area. People donated money voluntarily. Volunteers from around the country came to aid in the disaster relief work.
With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon.
第二节
One possible version:
My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel. He held my arm and dragged me along. As we got to the gate of the hotel, we heard a noise coming from behind. My father urged us to hide upstairs. We were in a state of terror, and as we got to the second level, we could hear the roar of running water. My dad was screaming at us to go up. On the fourth level we paused, staring at the water beneath. It stopped growing. A few minutes later, it started to fall.
We waited a long time before going downstairs. As soon as the running water stopped, we could see the unrecognizable gate of the hotel. The hotel was filled with mud and destroyed furniture. There were also some people who fell into the water and fainted or cried out in pain. What we saw weakened our hearts, so we decided to assist the victims after a narrow escape. Never had I had such a thrilling but dangerous vacation before. The special visit to Penang left a deep impression on me.
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