2024年中考英语语法专题复习专题十五（宾语从句）（无答案）

专题十五·宾语从句
I 定义
在复合句中，句子作动词或介词宾语，称之为宾语从句。
II 种类
a. 动宾从句
b. 介宾从句
c. 形宾从句
III 结构
动宾从句结构：
主语 + 及物动词 + 引导词 + 从句 主语 + 及物动词 + it + 宾补 + 从句
介宾从句结构
主语 + 谓语 + in/ except + 引导词 + 从句
主语 + 谓语 + 其他介词 + it + 从句
形宾从句结构
主语 + be sorry/ glad/ sure + 引导词 + 从句
IV 用法
a. 宾语从句引导词
⑴ that引导的宾语从句（引导陈述句）
例：Do you know (that) he has joined the army
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
⑵ whether/ if引导的宾语从句（引导一般疑问句）
例：I don’t know whether/ if you are right.
宾语从句中if/ whether通常可互换，除以下情况：
① 只能用whether，不能用if
·与or not直接连用时
例：I don’t care whether or not he comes.
·为了强调宾语从句，将宾语从句提前时
例：Whether he will come I am not sure.
·后加不定式时
例：I don’t know whether to go there.
·作介词宾语时
例：It depends on whether you can do the work well.
⑶ who，where，why等引导的宾语从句（引导特殊疑问句）
例：I can’t imagine how he did it.
b. 宾语从句语序
宾语从句使用陈述语序。
c. 宾语从句时态
主现从随便，主过从必过，客观真理永一现。
⑴ 主现从随便，即主句一般现在时，宾语从句可根据实际情况用任何时态。
⑵ 主过从必过，即主句一般过去时，宾语从句可根据实际用相应的过去时态。
⑶ 客观真理永一现，即宾语从句所述为客观真理，用一般现在时。
d. 直接引语&间接引语
⑴ 人称变化（一随主，二随宾，三不变）
① 一随主
例：She said to me, “ I like tennis.”
She said to me that she liked tennis.
② 二随宾
例：He asked Lily, “ Must you get up early ”
He asked Lily if she must get up early.
③ 三不变
例：She asks me, “ What do they want ”
She asks me what they want.
⑵ 时态变化
① 一般现在时 → 一般过去时
例：Tom said, “ I usually get up at six.”
Tom said that he usually got up at six.
② 一般过去时 → 过去完成时
例：Mike told me, “ I walked to school.”
Mike told me that he had walked to school.
③ 一般将来时 → 过去将来时
例：she said, “ I will see you at the same place tomorrow.”
She said that she would see me at the same place the next day.
④ 现在进行时 → 过去进行时
例：Nina told me, “ Linda is watching TV at home.”
Nina told me that Linda was watching TV at home.
⑤ 现在完成时 → 过去完成时
例：Betty said, “ I have worked in this factory for 5 years.”
Betty said that she had worked in that factory for 5 years.”
⑥ 过去完成时 → 过去完成时
例：Bob told me, “ I had lived here for years before he moved out.
Bob told me that he had lived there for years before he moved out.
⑶ 其他变化
① this→that these→those
② now→then today→that day
this morning /week/ month→that morning/ week/ mont
yesterday→the day before tomorrow→the next/ following day
three days/ months/ years ago→three days/ months/ years before
last week/ month/ year→the week/ month/ year before
next week/ month/ year→the next week/ month/ year
③ here→there
④ come→go bring→take
IV 题型
（2021·青海中考真题）- Would you like to talk about _____ in the summer holiday
- I’m going to be a volunteer in our neighborhood.
A．how you will do B．what you will do C．where you will go
（2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题）- Hi, Jeff. Could you please tell me _____ on Dragon Boat Festival - I ate zongzi and watched the boat races.
A．what did you do B．what do you do C．what you did
（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）- Could you tell me _____ - Sure, I’d love to.
how can I take a taxi through “Didi”
how I can take a taxi through “Didi”
C．why I can take a taxi through “Didi”
（2021·四川乐山市·中考真题）- Did you notice _____ in his office
- Yes, he was going over our homework.
A．how Mr. Li was doing B．what is Mr. Li doing C．what Mr. Li was doing
（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）- Could you tell me _____ - The day after tomorrow.
when we had the school leavers’ party
B．when did we have the school leavers’ party
when will we have the school leavers' party
D．when we will have the school leavers’ party
（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）- Could you please show me _____
- Sure. First of all you’d better make sure you’ve got everything you need.
A．how can I make a Chinese lantern
B．how I can make a Chinese lantern
C．how could I make a Chinese lantern
（2021·山西中考真题）- China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder _____. - They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game.
A．how they won the game
B．why they played the game
C．where they played the game
（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）- Do you know _____, Alfred
- At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.
when the end-of-term concert began
B．when did the end-of-term concert begin
when the end-of-term concert will begin
D．when will the end-of-term concert begin
（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）- Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide_____. - Why not take the high-speed railway It’s fast and comfortable.
A．who will he visit B．what he will do
C．how he’s going there D．whom is he going with
11．（2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题）- What did Daniel say to you - He asked me _____.
A. how did I get to Hubei Museum
B．why I liked hot-dry noodles so much
C．how many bridges are there in Wuhan
D．what will I study in Wuhan University
12．（2021·天津中考真题）- Could you tell me _____ “the Father of Rice”
- Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
when was Yuan Longping called
B．why is Yuan Longping called
C．when Yuan Longping was called
D．why Yuan Longping is called
13．（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）- Amy, I wonder _____ in the street when I come to pick you up.
- Well, there’s a big tree by the front gate and it’s covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.
how will I find your house
B．how I will find your house
C．when I will find your house
D．when will I find your house
14．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）- By the way, could you tell us _____
- From the Internet.
A．why are you interested in our company
B．why you are interested in our company
C．where did you hear about our company
D．where you heard about our company