Unit 1 Dream Homes Grammar 讲义（表格式） 2023-2024学年牛津译林版七年级英语下册

教 学 内 容 7B Unit 1 Grammar
教 学 目 标 1. 掌握数词的定义及分类 2. 掌握基数词和序数词的用法。 3. 掌握并熟练运用重点词汇、短语，句型。
重 点 1. 掌握基数词和序数词的用法。 2.掌握并熟练运用重点词汇、短语，句型。
难 点 如何熟练运用所学知识完成相关练习。
教 学 准 备 知识点、巩固练习、课堂练习、课后作业
教学过程
1 thousand num. 千 1）thousand 前有具体数字时,其后不能加-s. hundred(百),million(百万),billion(十亿)用法与 thousand 相同。 eg:There are about two thousand students in the school.这所学校大约有两千名学生。 2) thousand与of 连用时,应用其复数形式,其前不用数词,表示不确定的数目。thousands of数以千计的。 类似用法有:hundreds of 数以百计的;billions of 数以十亿计的。 eg:Thousands of visitors come to our town every year.每年成千上万的游客来到我们镇上。特色方法 巧记hundred,thousand,million的用法: 具体数字两无(无s,无of); 模糊数字两有(有S,有of). 【测一测】Unluckily, people were kill-ed in the earthquake. A.two thousands B.thousand of C.two thousands of D.thousands of 2 foot/fut/n.英尺,脚;其复数形式为feet. eg:The building is 500 feet tall. 那幢楼高500英尺。 A bee lands on your foot. 一只蛮蜂落在了你的脚上。 1) 表示“高....英尺"用“基数词+foot/feet+tall”结构。 eg:This tree is five feet tall.那棵树高5英尺。 【拓展】 长,宽,高的表达法 1）数词+表示计量单位的名词+形容词 20 metres long 20米长 30 metres wide 30米宽 40 metres high 40米高 复合形容词 20-metre-long 20米长的 30-metre-wide 30米宽的 40-metre-high 40米高的 【典例】 -How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha -It is a flight(航班)from Tianjin to Changsha. A.2-hour-long B.2-hours-long C.2 hours' long D.2 hour long 2）foot 意为“ 脚",其复数形式也是 feet。.常用短语on foot 步行,at the foot of...在.....脚下 3 area n.地区,区域,面积 eg: Many of them come from very poor areas near the park. 他们当中的很多人来自公园附近非常贫穷的地区. area 是可数名词,复数形式为 areas。 常用搭配有: have an area of 面积为·.....; in poor areas 在贫困地区 eg:China has an area of about 9,600,000 square kilometers. 中国的面积约为960万平方公里。 We should help people in poor areas. 我们应该帮助贫困地区的人们。 4 over prep.超过 1）(表示等级或数目)高于;在.....之上,超过。 eg:He is over forty. 他四十多岁了. 2）(表示位置)在..的正上方;在.....的上面;在.....的上空. eg:There is a lamp over the table. 桌子正上方有一盎灯。 3）(表示方向)越过,从一边至......的另一边。 eg:Instead of opening the gate,we climbed over it. 我们没有开大门,而是从门上爬过去的。 【拓展】over用作副词,意为“结束". eg:School is over at 5:30 in the afternoon everyday.学校每天下午五点半放学。 【典例】 -Oh,my God! I’ve left my keys in the room.I'll have to get in the window. -It's dangerous.You'd better wait for your mom to come back. A.past B.over C.across D.through 5 on the eighth of March在3 月 8 日 on常与“日期、星期"搭配或与表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上的词汇搭配。 如:日期 on October 1st 星期 on Monday 节假日 on weekends;on New Year's Day 具体某一天的某时段 on Friday evening 【测一测】I’d like to hold our next meeting June 23rd. Is that OK for you A.in B.at C.on 随堂练习： 一、根据句意及提示完成句子 1.There are one (千)people in the hall. 2.You can wear shoes in your father's (号;尺码). 3.Our school is big.It has an (面积) of 1,000 square metres. 4.The street is about 1,000 (米)long. 5.These shoes are too big for my (foot). 二、单项选择 6.-Mr.Wu,when did the earthquake in Ya'an, Si-chuan happen - 8:02 the morning of April 20th, 2013. A.On;in B.At;on C.At;in D.On;on 7.The population of Liupanshui is over 3 million. A.less than B.almost C.nearly D.more than 8.Doris on the floor. It's too high, so she has to take a lift every day. A.live; fortieth B.lives; forty C.live; forty D.lives; fortieth 9. China has area of about 9,600,000 square kilometres. A.a B.an C.the D./ 10.-The book Journey to the West is very popular. -Yeah,more than students in our school bought it. A.three hundred B.three hundreds C.hundred of D.three hundred of (一)基数词 基数词的概念:数词中表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词。 考点1:【难点】基数词的构成 (1)1~12为独立的单词 onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve
(2)13~19都以-teen结尾 thirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen
(3)20~90之间的“整十"都以-ty结尾 twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety
(4)十位数与个位数之间要加连字符“-” eg: 28 twenty-eight 96 ninety-six (5)101-999先说"几百",再加and,再加末尾两位数或末位数。 eg: 928 nine hundred and twenty-eight (6)1000以上的数,从后往前每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号在的位置为 thousand,第二个逗号在的位置为 million,以此类推。 eg: 8,542,601 eight million five hundred and forty-two thousand six hundred and one 基数词的记忆歌诀: 1 至 12 逐个记,13 至 19 teen 结尾, 20至90整十位,ty结尾是后缀, 要表示“几十几",连字符十位连个位, 若要表示“几百几",hundred之后and立。 考点2:【重点】基数词的用法 1）一般用法 (1)用于名词前表示数量的多少. eg:I have five friends. 我有五个朋友。 (2)表示年岭。 eg:The girl is twelve.这个女孩十二岁。 【注意】表示人的不确切岁数时,用几十的复数形式。 eg:He was a singer in his thirties. 他三十多岁时是一个歌手。 【测一测】 Tony's mum looks young and beautiful. It's hard to imagine(想象)she is already in her 。 A.fifties B.fifty C.fiftieths D.fiftieth (3)表示价格. eg:The bike is two hundred and ninety yuan. 这辆自行车二百九十元。 (4)表示时间(几点几分)。 eg:10:55 ten fifty-five 或five to eleven十点五十五分 (5)表示时间(年代). eg:1949 读作:nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或nineteen forty-nine(最常见的说法) in the early/late 1950s在20世纪50年代初/末 (6)表示顺序和编号,放在“房间","页"等名词后面。 eg:Room 405读作:room four o five 405房间 【测一测】 -Where were you born, Michael -I was born in a small village with only three people. A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of 2）特殊用法 具体数字和模糊数字的表达见本书 Unit 1Period 3知识点1. 3）句法功能:基数词可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、表语和同位语等。 eg: Two and two make four. 二加二等于四.(Two and two 作主语) I’d like five. 我想要五个。(作宾语) There are twenty boys in our class. 我们班有二十个男生。(作定语) His grandpa is seventy. 他爷爷七十岁了。(作表语) They three were late for class. 他们三个人上课迟到了。(作同位语) (二)序数词 序数词的概念:表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。 考点1:【难点】序数词的构成 范围特点例词1~3特殊记first,second, third4~19在大多数基数词末尾直接加-thfourth, seventeenth八去t，九减e, f 来把ve替eighth, ninth, fifth, twelfth20~90之间的整十数把基数词后而的 y变为i再加-ethtwentieth, ninetieth20以上的非整十数个位数用序数词，其余用基数词twenty-first, one hundred and sixty-eighth
100以内的基数词变序数词 基变序,有规律,一,二,三特殊记,结尾各是t,d,d,八去t,九减e,f来把ve替,整十变，y为ie,词尼再加th。若是见到几十几,只变个位就可以,排列顺序不费力,连字符莫丢弃,巧学妙记加努力,hundred 是你的好成绩! 【测一测】 -Mum,the beautiful card I made last night is just for your birthday. -Oh,thank you, my dear! A.forty B.fourteen C.fortieth D.fourth 考点2【易错点】序数词的用法 考1）一般用法 (1)表示顺序。 eg:January is the first month of the year. 一月是一年中的第一个月。 (2)表示日期。 eg:Today is the fifth of March.今天是3月5. 【测一测】World Environment Day is on the (five)of June. (3)表示编号。 eg:Daniel sits in the third row.丹尼尔坐在第三排。 (4)表示第几层楼。 eg:He lives on the sixth floor. 他住在六楼。 2）特殊用法 (1)序数词前用不定冠词a或an时,表示“再,又". eg:You'll have to do it a second time. 你得再做一次。 (2)序数词起副词作用,这时前面不加"the". eg:Simon always comes first in the English exams.西蒙总是在英语考试中得第一名。 【注意】序数词的前面一般要加定冠词the. 但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时,不用定冠词 the. eg:Simon is his third child. 西蒙是他的第三个孩子。 3）句法功能: 序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语等。 【测一测】 Liu Yang became the (one) Chinese woman in space on June 16, 2012. 随堂练习 一、根据句意及所给提示完成句子 1.Thursday is the f day of a week. 2. September is the n month of the year. 3. December is the (第十二)month of the year. 4.My family has three children and I am the t child of my family. 5.On the ( 三十) of July, Mother often buys me a big birthday cake. 二、单项选择 6.Please write down the new words in the text of A.Lesson Eleven B.the Lesson Eleven C.Lesson Eleventh D.Eleventh Lesson 7.-How long is the new bridge Do you know -Yes.It's about A.one thousand one hundred and eighty metres B.one thousand one hundred fifty metres C.two thousands one hundred forty metres D.two thousands seventy and three metres 8. The environment here becomes better and better. birds are coming back. A.Thousands of B.Thousand of C.Thousands D.Thousand 9.Unit is easy but unit is difficult. A.Sixth;seven B.Six;seven C.Sixth;the seventh D.Six;the seventh 10.This tall building has floors.And Tony lives on the floor. A.twelve;twelve B.twelfth;twelfth C.twelfth;twelve D.twelve;twelfth 11.-Where is Class -It's on the floor. A.Ninth;second B.Ninth:two C.Nine;second D.Nine;two 12.-How many friends will come to celebrate your birthday -About . A.fifteen;fifteen B.fifteenth;fifteenth C.fifteen;fifteenth D.fifteenth;fifteen 13.It's never too old to learn. Karl Marx began to learn English in his A.the fiftieth B.fiftieth C.fifty D.fifties 14.-Can you write the number"eighty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six" -Yes,it is A.856,620 B.85,626 C.58,662 D.58,626
-,1.thousand 2.size 3.area 4.metres5.feet
二、6.B 点拨:本题考查介词辨析。 表示“在几点钟”介词应用at;表示“在具体某一天的上、下午或晚上”介词应用on,故选B。
7.D 点拨:over 意为“超过”,相当于 morethan. 故选 D.
8.D 点拨:主语Doris是第三人称单数,故谓语动词 live 应用第三人称单数形式,排除A和C;表示“第几层楼”应用“the+序数词+floor”.故选D.
9.B 点拨:area以元音音素开头,要用不定冠词an。 故选B。
10.A 点拨:本题考查数词的用法。hundred意为“百”,前面有基数词时,不可用其复数形式,且不接介词of;若接介词 of,则需要用复数形式,且不与具体数字连用。 故选A.
- 1. fifth2. ninth 3.twelfth 4.third
5.thirtieth
二.6.A 点拨:表示次序可用“名词+基数词”或“the +序数词+名词”.
7.A 点拨:本题考查数字的读法。根据英语中数字的读法规则可知答案。
8.A 点拨:thousands of成千上万的,其后跟可数名词复数形式。故选A.
9.D 点拨:英语中,表示编号可用“名词+基数词(名词和基数词的首字母都需大写)”或“the+序数词+名词”来表示。Unit Six相当于 the sixth unit,意为“第六单元”;the seventh unit相当于 Unit Seven,意为“第七单元”。故选D。
10.D 点拨:句意:这座高楼有十二层.托尼住在第 十二楼。 twelve 基数词,十ニ,后跟复数名词;twelfth第十二,前有定冠词the,且后一般跟单数名词。故选D.11.C 点拨:根据句意可知,第一空用基数词,第二空用序数词;Class 后接基数词,the+序数词+floor。
12.D 点拨:表示“......岁生日"用“序数词+birthday”,故排除A和C选项。 第二空回答 How many,应用基数词。故选D.13.D 点拨:“in one's + 逢十数字基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人·...·多岁时”.14.B 点拨:由基数词的读法可知为85,626.