2023-2024学年高一下学期6月检测一
英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 20 分）
1．What will the man do on Friday night
A．Eat out. B．Study. C．Have a picnic.
2．Why is Ms. Jenkins leaving the school according to the man
A．She is bored of teaching.
B．She enjoys traveling everywhere.
C．She wants to stay near her parents.
3．What does the woman think of the math modeling course
A．It deserves praise. B．It’s well organized. C．It needs improvement.
4．How does the man find the problem
A．Very interesting. B．Too simple. C．Quite difficult.
5．What does the woman mean
A．Mary had the car filled up.
B．Mary had car trouble on the way home.
C．Mary’s car ran out of gas halfway home.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What happened to the man
A．He hurt his nose. B．He broke his leg. C．He slipped over.
7．How will the woman help the man
A．Fix his bone. B．Cover his nose. C．Stop the bleeding.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is Joan going to do
A．Visit a friend. B．Cook a meal. C．Meet her mother.
9．Why doesn’t the man want to eat hamburgers
A．They are unhealthy. B．He had them yesterday. C．He is tired of them.
10．What will the speakers have for dinner
A．Japanese food. B．French food. C．Chinese food.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What does the woman think of music festivals
A．Exciting. B．Tiring. C．Boring.
12．What problem does the man mention about music festivals
A．Bad weather. B．Small screens. C．Crowded toilets.
13．How many music festivals has the man attended in all
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What is the relationship between the man and woman
A．Husband and wife. B．Mother and son. C．Neighbors.
15．Who will look after the dog
A．Toby. B．Alfred. C．Maggie.
16．When will the man be back home
A．Next Thursday morning. B．Next Friday morning. C．Next Wednesday morning.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where does the speaker live
A．In China. B．In Pakistan. C．In South Africa.
18．What did the local tour guide teach the speaker to do
A．Avoid altitude sickness. B．Keep himself warm. C．Rent a suitable car.
19．What do we know about the cash machine
A．People aren’t allowed to take photos of it.
B．It can’t be used to pay electricity bills.
C．It set a Guinness World Record.
20．Who is Atiya Saeed
A．A student. B．A teacher. C．A photographer.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Over the last century, engineers all over the world have spared no effort to achieve the unachievable in bridge design.
Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge
No bridge is as long as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the world. The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China serves as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip from Ningbo to Jiaxing that previously took 4.5 hours has been reduced to two, thanks to this bridge.
Rio-Niterói Bridge
Completed in 1974, the Rio-Niterói Bridge in Brazil is the second-longest bridge in all of Latin America connecting the cities of Rio and Niterói across the Guanabara Bay. The Rio-Niterói Bridge is technically known as a “box-girder (箱形梁)” bridge, made of special concrete. It receives an astonishing 140,000 (or more) vehicles per day.
Hartland Covered Bridge
The Hartland Covered Bridge is the world’s longest covered bridge. The 1,282-foot-long bridge was opened in 1901 and has been on Canada’s list of National Historic Sites since 1980. Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921.
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge
The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title of “longest continuous bridge over water” was given to the causeway, with the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge receiving the title of “longest bridge over water”.
21．On which of the following can trains pass
A．Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge. B．Rio-Niterói Bridge.
C．Hartland Covered Bridge. D．Jiaozhou Bay Bridge.
22．What is special about the Hartland Covered Bridge
A．It is a busy bridge. B．It was built in 1980.
C．It has a roof. D．It is a wooden bridge.
23．Where can you find the longest bridge over water
A．In America. B．In Brazil. C．In Canada. D．In China.
B
A 17-year-old Bangladeshi boy has won this year’s International Children’s Peace Prize for his work to fight cyberbullying in his country. The prize winner, Sadat Rahman, promised to keep fighting online abuse until it no longer exists.
“The fight against cyberbullying is like a war, and in this war I am a warrior,” Sadat Rahman said during a ceremony on November 13 in The Hague, the Netherlands. He added, “If everybody keeps supporting me, then together we will win this battle against cyberbullying.”
Rahman developed a mobile phone application that provides education about online bullying and a way to report cases of it. He began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying. “I will not stop until we receive no more cases through the app,” Rahman said at the ceremony. The award comes with a fund of over $ 118, 000, which is invested by the KidsRights Foundation. The group chooses projects to support causes that are closely linked to the winner’s work.
Past well-known winners of the prize include Pakistani human rights activist Malala Yousafzai. Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg won the prize too. And students who organized the March for Our Lives event in 2018 after a deadly mass shooting at their school in the American state of Florida also won.
Yousafzai won the International Children’s Peace Prize in 2013. A year later, she won the Nobel Peace Prize for campaigning for girls to have a universal right to education. Yousafzai praised Rahman’s work during the ceremony. She spoke through video conferencing. “All children have the right to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental, offline or online,” she said. “Cyberbullying is a violation of that right.”
24．According to Sadat Rahman’s words, which adjectives can best describe him
A．Determined and stubborn. B．Aggressive and courageous.
C．Confident and emotional. D．Devoted and determined.
25．From Paragraph 3 we know that Sadat Rahman began his project because _______.
A．people lacked digital education B．a girl died of cyberbullying
C．the award was very tempting D．a foundation supported him
26．The underlined word “violation” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “_______”.
A．definition B．offense C．expression D．consequence
27．What can be inferred from Yousafzai’s comments
A．Girls should have equal access to education.
B．Children often fall victim to physical and mental abuse.
C．Action must be taken to keep children from violence.
D．Online abuses cause more harm than offline ones.
C
There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server, it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence robot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
28．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A．Its working theory. B．Its language model.
C．Its design inspiration. D．Its development process.
29．Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3
A．To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B．To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D．To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
30．What is ChatGPT Plus intended for
A．Guiding users to experience free services.
B．Giving users priority access during peak hours.
C．Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
D．Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
31．What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google
A．It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
B．It can only update information at a fixed time
C．It needs longer to provide solutions.
D．It operates based on limited data.
D
The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is receiving renewed attention on the fashion stage.
Far from being photoshoot prop, wearing the horse-face skirt has become almost trend among many Chinese celebrities and influencers for various international social occasions. On Douyin, China’s TikTok, individuals who sport the horse-face skirt on city streets in Paris and other international cities can easily gain millions of likes. A popular blogger on Xiaohongshu appeared on a British television program to discuss the development of the English Premier League in China while wearing a horse-face skirt.
From its first appearance during the Song Dynasty to becoming a standout representation of Chinese clothing, mamianqun has crossed nearly a millennium of history. In the current trend of traditional Chinese clothing reconstruction, how has the horse-face skirt stood out to become the most famous clothing
Mao Zhaoxi, who is a hanfu enthusiast, told the Global Times that Hanfu is the external demonstration of culture, integrating the life philosophies, values, and aesthetic (美学) views formed and inherited (继承) by the Chinese people generation after generation. She said, “Many young people believe that the horse-face skirt is not just a fashion item, but also a cultural symbol. This shows the awakening of traditional aesthetic genes among the younger generations, indicating that the confidence in our own culture is constantly increasing.”
Moreover, Hu Xiao, one of the founders of the ancient Chinese costumes restoration team, analyzed one main reason of this phenomenon lies in the fact that the horse-face skirt has managed to remain relevant, never falling out of fashion. “Many people thought the horse-face skirt had disappeared for a while, but in fact, Chinese brides can always be seen in the costume of mamianqun.” The horse-face skirt possesses a strong sense of inheritance while also possessing fashionable features. This perhaps is the cultural DNA that enables it to become a fashion item.
The momentum (潮流) of Chinese-style clothing has begun, and how to lead the trend of Chinese-style clothing through design and how to stay at the forefront of the national trend is an issue that will not disappear in a short time.
32．What does the underlined word “sport” mean in paragraph 2
A．Compete. B．Display. C．Exercise. D．Decorate.
33．What can be learned from the text
A．Horse-face skirts are Chinese clothing with a long history.
B．Horse-face skirts had become fashionable in Song Dynasty.
C．Horse-face skirts have been the main clothing for a millennium.
D．Horse-face skirts are leading the clothing design around the world.
34．Which of the following best describes the impact of the horse-face skirt
A．It develops everyone’s aesthetic and philosophy view.
B．It represents the ancient Chinese costumes and life.
C．It wakens the young to love their own traditional culture.
D．It demonstrates the importance of Chinese-style clothing.
35．How does the author consider the future development of Chinese-style clothing
A．Good beginning and it will lead the world fashion.
B．Good beginning and it will fall into the disfavors.
C．Good beginning and it will own fashionable DNA．
D．Good beginning and it will have a long way to go.
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Walking has been considered as one kind of rewarding exercise. For many people, daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits. 36 A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting.
37 You’ve probably heard the phrase “exercise your creativity”. Our creative mindset is stirred up by physical movement, which is exactly why walking with your dog, a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. 38 Even when you walk down a busy street, you can’t help but get distracted by the sweet smells from a food cart or the child pointing to a building you haven’t even noticed before.
Walking outside develops our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights, sounds, smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees there can lower your stress levels. 39 Research has shown that
getting close to nature around your neighborhood or taking a break from multimedia increases performance on a creative problem-solving task.
So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking outdoors 40 For example, you can turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a lake.
Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.
A．Unfortunately, you often fail to do it.
B．Expose yourself more to your surroundings.
C．The movement during walking is obviously key.
D．Without enough energy, you cannot wonder or create.
E．But to receive the benefits, you do not have to live in a forest.
F．This habit, however, not only benefits well-being but also contributes to innovation.
G．Wandering around a park and observing people relaxing or birds singing is also a choice.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Usually, someone would come up and ask, “What are you going to be when you grow up ” As children, this kind of question is often raised when we have 41 with families.
Well, it started out being a cowboy or super hero. Later it was fireman, policeman, lawyer... As I grew older, my dreams of the future 42 . Before I was in college, I was asked, “What will you 43 in ”
By then, I had my heart set on 44 a teacher as my father. So, I studied and prepared for that life. I 45 nearly full time on my career. Although my physical disability after an accident prevented me from working full-time, I still insisted (坚持) on 46 . I am content that I could realize my dream and perhaps have a (n) 47 influence on someone’s life. My kids are now on the way to 48 their goals, which makes me delighted.
However, for many, there is a “thief”, which goes around 49 our dreams. Sometimes, the 50 will come as a parent, a relative, a friend or a co-worker, but the greatest thief is, so many times, just 51 .
We find ourselves just about reaching our 52 , and a “small voice” inside says, “You’ll never make it.” “You can’t 53 do this.” “Very few have ever done this successfully.” And on and on the “small voice” predicts (预测) some kind of 54 . Failure, though, is exactly how dreams are realized. It is one of the most important tools we have, because it teaches us 55 lessons. And, when we learn these lessons well, we are ready for success.
41．A．difficulties B．challenges C．memories D．gatherings
42．A．changed B．reduced C．developed D．disappeared
43．A．live B．major C．believe D．bring
44．A．discovering B．cheating C．becoming D．awarding
45．A．spent B．wasted C．decided D．took
46．A．planning B．teaching C．planting D．reading
47．A．sensitive B．objective C．passive D．positive
48．A．missing B．reflecting C．performing D．achieving
49．A．reaching B．throwing C．stealing D．abandoning
50．A．thief B．teacher C．robber D．guider
51．A．parents B．ourselves C．relatives D．themselves
52．A．homes B．limit C．dreams D．potential
53．A．possibly B．quickly C．frequently D．gradually
54．A．despair B．failure C．moment D．difference
55．A．precious B．original C．faithful D．ordinary
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to historical records, the well-known historian Sima Guang from the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) used a part of a round wood 56 his pillow throughout his life. This unique pillow had an unusual function. 57 Sima Guang moved a little during his sleep, his head would slide down off the pillow, causing him to wake up 58 (immediate) and continue his studies. This particular type of pillow came to be known as an “alarm pillow”.
The Chinese word for “pillow”, zhentou, 59 (believe) to be created by Cao Cao, a famous strategist and ruler during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). One night, while Cao Cao was reading in his tent and 60 (become) sleepy, there was no extra space useful to place several books stored in wooden 61 (box). In response (回应), a servant momentarily placed the books at one side of the bed, upon 62 Cao Cao fell asleep quickly, experiencing a deep and restful sleep. 63 (impress) by the comfort provided by this short-term arrangement, the servant then created a padded (有垫的) headrest using soft materials, copying 64 shape of the wooden box that held the books. When Cao Cao asked about the name of this new item, the servant referred to it as “headrest bedding”. Cao Cao 65 (late) named it zhentou, and from that point on, the use of pillows became popular among the common people.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66．假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Sam得知你最近参加了由学校组织的研学旅行活动，来信向你咨询相关情况，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动地点和内容；
3. 活动感受。
注意：
1. 格式已为你写好，不计入总词数; 2. 词数：100左右。
参考词汇：研学旅行study trip
Dear Sam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My brother Joe and I no longer live in the same state, but I make sure to give Joe a call every Christmas. In fact, I will never forget a Christmas when I was seven and Joe was five. I’ve kept a secret about that Christmas for 20 years. Now hearing Joe’s voice makes me feel guilty (内疚的) about it all over again. I think he probably doesn’t even remember it.
When we were kids, Joe almost drove me “crazy”! If Mom brought home my favorite yogurt, Joe would make sure to eat it before I got a chance. When our parents gave us each our own basketball, Joe insisted on playing with mine instead of his own.
That Christmas when I was seven, I was determined to teach him a lesson. At that time I was old enough that I no longer believed in Santa, but I knew Joe did. I couldn’t stand him thinking Santa had put him on the “nice” list when I knew he’d been naughty (淘气的) all year.
One day before Christmas, I put on my winter jacket and headed over to our neighbor’s backyard. It was filled with rocks. To me they really looked like coal (煤炭). I was sure that they’d look like coal to Joe too. I filled a lot of the rocks into the pockets of my winter jacket, brought them up to my room and hid them under my bed. Then I waited.
That morning, I got up early, went downstairs secretly and put the rocks into the red stocking with Joe’s name on it. I watched Joe take down his heavy stocking, lay it on the living room floor.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右。
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Looking at the gift inside, Joe’s smile disappeared suddenly.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I said on the phone, “Hey, Joe, do you remember that Christmas morning when you were five …your stocking…”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语答案
1．A【原文】W: How about a picnic this weekend
M: Oh, I have to study for the final exam most of the weekend, but I’m going out on Friday night.
W: Where are you going
M: My friends and I are going to try that new Mexican restaurant on Branch Street.
2．C【原文】W: Have you heard about Ms. Jenkins She’s leaving the school next week.
M: Yes. I was really sad, but I understand she wants to live closer to her old parents.
W: I thought she was bored of teaching and had changed her job. After all, she can speak four languages. She can travel everywhere.
3．C【原文】M: How did you like the math modeling last period
W: Frankly speaking, the course could have been better organized.
M: Couldn’t agree more, Jason. While many students praised it, I was bored with it.
4．C【原文】M: I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but it was useless.
W: Why not consult with Frank You see, two heads are better than one.
5．A【原文】M: Does the car need to be filled
W: Mary stopped at the gas station on her way home.
6．A 7．C【原文】M: I got hit on the nose when I was playing basketball.
W: Let me see. Hold still. Well, you are lucky. It’s nothing serious.
M: But it’s still bleeding and it hurts. My coach insisted that I should go to a clinic and get checked.
W: I believe there is nothing wrong with the bone. I’ll put a cotton ball where it is bleeding. You will be OK very soon.
M: OK, thank you.
A 9．C 10．A
【原文】M: What time are we going to eat dinner Tina I’m hungry.
W: I don’t know, Bill. Ask Joan. She’s going to cook.
M: No, she’s not. She says she is going to her friend Maria’s house. Maria’s mother is going to make a French dinner.
W: Well, then we’ll have to cook dinner ourselves. Let’s have hamburgers.
M: Oh no, I don’t want to eat hamburgers all the time. Why don’t we eat Chinese food It’s really good.
W: I had Chinese food yesterday. Maybe we can try some Japanese food. It’s healthy.
M: Where are we going to find a Japanese food in Mayfield
W: That’s easy. There’s a new Japanese restaurant on main street.
M: Okay, we can go there for dinner.
11．A 12．A 13．C
【原文】W: I just love music festivals. The energy and the crowds — it’s an experience like no other.
M: I agree. But festivals nowadays are so crowded that you can only watch the performers on a screen.
W: Even so, it’s great to hear the music live.
M: But there are disadvantages, like getting lost in a crowd of people.
W: Yeah. Waiting for food and toilets can also be a problem.
M: Not to mention the sea of mud on rainy days.
W: Despite all that, the amazing shows leave you with priceless memories.
M: Yes, the first festival I attended left the most lasting impact on me, although the two festivals I attended after that were great too.
14．C 15．B 16．C
【原文】M: Maggie, could you do me a favor
W: Please get to the point. What’s going on, Richard
W: My wife is vacationing with my daughter and I have to go to Rome on business this Friday morning. Could you please take care of my dog Feed him twice a day and walk him once a day.
W: Oh, I’m afraid I can’t do that. I’m so scared of dogs. My husband Toby has been working overtime recently. So, he has no time. But my son Alfred who likes dogs can give you a hand.
M: Many thanks.
W: That’s what neighbors should do. And when will you return home
M: Next Wednesday morning.
W: Wish you all the best!
M: Thank you.
17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】M: My children and I visited the highest-altitude cash machine in the world, which is located at the Khunjerab Pass border between China and Pakistan. Getting to the pass is one of the planet’s most dramatic drives. Our journey started from our home in Pakistan’s coastal city of Karachi, and included a plane, a train and a drive to the city of Gilgit. The well-paved road to the pass was a fairly easy drive, and the car we rented was suitable. But it was the altitude that made the trip a challenge. We were instructed by our local tour guide to keep dried apricots under our tongues to prevent altitude sickness. And with our multiple layers of clothing, we prepared ourselves for the changing weather. Why, then, is there a fully functional ATM in the middle of this remote highland The Guinness World Record-holding machine works like any other. It can be used to withdraw cash, pay electricity bills and make fund transfers. People were posing for photos and orbiting the cash machine to get the best selfies. Ayesha Bayat from South Africa was on holiday with her husband. “We come from a country where we do have mountain ranges… but not like this. I’m finding the views absolutely beautiful,” she said. Atiya Saeed brought 39 of her students to the Pakistan-China border. “It’s the first time in a long time that we’ve traveled in Pakistan,” she said.
21．A 22．C 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了过去的一个世纪里人类修建的四座有特色的桥梁。
21．细节理解题。根据Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge中“The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China serves as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. (这座164.8公里长的大桥建于2011年，是京沪高速铁路的一部分。)”可知，因为丹昆特大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，由此可知，火车可以从丹昆特大桥通过。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Hartland Covered Bridge中“Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921.(虽然这座桥最初是没有屋顶的，但在1921年的维修期间，桥上覆盖了木制材料。)”可知，加拿大哈特兰廊桥的特别之处在于它有木制屋顶。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据Jiaozhou Bay Bridge中“The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway.(2011年，中国新建的胶州湾大桥被吉尼斯世界纪录评为“世界上最长的水上桥梁”，此前该头衔由庞恰特雷恩湖堤道保持。)”可知，在中国你可以找到最长的水上桥梁——胶州湾大桥。故选D。
24．D 25．B 26．B 27．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的孟加拉男孩Sadat Rahman致力于对抗网络霸凌的故事。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I will not stop until we receive no more cases through the app,” Rahman said at the ceremony.( Rahman在会议上说道：“直到我们不再受到这样的案例，否则我是不会停止的。”)”可推知，是一个热衷于对抗网络霸凌且十分有决心的人，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“He began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying. (在听到了一个15岁的女孩因为网络欺凌而丧生的故事之后，他才开始这个计划的。)”可知，一个因网络欺凌而死亡的孩子促使Rahman开始计划对抗网络欺凌，故选B项。
26．词义猜测题。根据文章划线词violation前文的内容“She spoke through video conferencing. “All children have the right to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental, offline or online,” she said.(她通过视频会议说道：“所有的孩子都有权利被保护不受到暴力，无论是身体上的暴力还是精神上的，亦或是网上和线下的暴力。”)”可知，前文提到所有孩子都有被保护而不受任何暴力的权利，故由此可推知，网络暴力违反了此权利，故此处划线词violation与B项“offense冒犯，违反”意思相近，故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yousafzai praised Rahman’s work during the ceremony. She spoke through video conferencing. “All children have the right to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental, offline or online,” she said. “Cyberbullying is a violation of that right.”(Yousafzai在会议上表扬了Rahman的行为。她通过视频会议说道：“所有的孩子都有权利被保护不受到暴力，无论是身体上的暴力还是精神上的，亦或是网上和线下的暴力。霸凌就是冒犯了这种权利。”)”可推知，Yousafzai认为，被保护而不受暴力是孩子们的权利，因此需要采取行动保护孩子不受暴力的影响，故选C。
28．A 29．A 30．B 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT的出现，市场反应，并对它的优点及弊端进行分析。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习). (ChatGPT会记住你的对话线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知下一步的回答。它的答案来源于互联网上的大量信息。ChatGPT建立在OpenAI GPT-3大型语言模型家族的基础上，并使用监督和强化学习进行微调（一种迁移学习方法）)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于ChatGPT的工作原理。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.(上线几天后，超过100万人试用了ChatGPT。UBS分析师Lloyd Walmsley在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok约9个月和Instagram两年半的用户数)”可推知，作者在第3段列出数字是为了显示ChatGPT的受欢迎程度。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. (截至2023年2月1日，OpenAI推出了ChatGPT pro计划，ChatGPT Plus，允许用户即使在高峰时段也可以访问)”可知，ChatGPT Plus的目的是在高峰时段给予用户优先访问权。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.(因为它的编程，ChatGPT的知识有限，但谷歌有无限的知识，每天都在更新)”可知，与Google相比，ChatGPT的局限性是基于有限的数据进行操作。故选D。
32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论的是马面裙在时尚界重新受到关注的现象，以及这一现象背后所反映的中国传统文化、审美和价值观的觉醒和自信。
32．词句猜测题。根据第二段“On Douyin, China’s TikTok(在中国的抖音TikTok上)”和“sport the horse-face skirt on city streets in Paris and other international cities(在巴黎和其他国际城市街道上sport马面裙)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“在中国的抖音TikTok上，在巴黎和其他国际城市的城市街道上穿着马脸裙的人可以轻松获得数百万个赞”，划线词sport的意思是“展示”，和display意思相近，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“From its first appearance during the Song Dynasty to becoming a standout representation of Chinese clothing, mamianqun has crossed nearly a millennium of history.(从宋朝首次出现到成为中国服装的杰出代表，马面裙已经跨越了近千年的历史。)”可知，马面裙是一种历史悠久的中国服饰。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“This shows the awakening of traditional aesthetic genes among the younger generations, indicating that the confidence in our own culture is constantly increasing.(这表明传统审美基因在年轻一代中觉醒，表明我们对自己文化的信心在不断增强。)”可知，马面裙的影响是它唤醒了年轻人热爱自己的传统文化。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The momentum (潮流) of Chinese-style clothing has begun, and how to lead the trend of Chinese-style clothing through design and how to stay at the forefront of the national trend is an issue that will not disappear in a short time.(中式服装的势头已经开始，如何通过设计引领中式服装的潮流，如何站在民族潮流的前沿，是一个短时间内不会消失的问题。)”可知，中式服装未来的发展是良好的开端，但是还有很长的路要走。故选D。
36．F 37．C 38．G 39．E 40．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了散步不仅对身心健康有好处，还有助于激发创造力。
36．根据上文“Walking has been considered as one kind if rewarding exercises. For many people, daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits.(散步被认为是一种有益的运动。对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处。)”和下文“A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting.(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，参与者在走路时比坐着时更有创造力。)”可知，此处是指散步不仅对身心健康有好处，还有助于创造。F项：This habit, however, not only benefits well-being but also contributes to innovation.(然而，这种习惯不仅有益于健康，而且有助于创新。)符合语境。故选F。
37．根据下文“Our creative mindset is stirred by physical movement, which is exactly why walking with your dog, a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.(我们的创造性思维是由身体运动激发的，这就是为什么和你的狗、朋友或独自散步能激发创造性思维的原因。)”可知，此处是指散步带来的身体运动是激发创造力的关键。C项：The movement during walking is obviously key.(走路时的动作显然是关键。)符合语境。故选C。
38．根据上文“You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood.(你可以穿过绿树成荫的社区。)”和下文“Even when you walk down a busy street, you can’t help but get distracted by the sweet smells from a food cart or the child pointing to a building you haven’t even noticed before.(即使当你走在繁忙的街道上，你也会忍不住被食品车散发出的甜味或孩子指着一栋你以前从未注意到的建筑分散注意力。)”可知，空处和上下文一起提供了具体的户外活动选择。G项：Wandering around a park and observing people relaxing or birds singing is also a choice.(在公园里闲逛，观察人们放松或鸟儿唱歌也是一个选择。)符合语境。故选G。
39．根据上文“Walking outside develops our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights, sounds, smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees there can lower your stress levels.(在户外散步可以培养我们收集新想法的能力，也可以吸收新的景象、声音、气味和味道。Shinrin-yoku是日本一种常见的放松方式，它建议在森林里，在树中间散步，可以降低你的压力水平。)”和下文“Research has shown that getting close to nature around your neighborhood or the taking a break from multimedia increased performance on a creative problem-solving task.(研究表明，在你的社区附近接近大自然，或者从多媒体中休息一下，可以提高你在解决创造性问题时的表现。)”可知，也不是一定要在森林里才能得到这些好处。E项：But to receive the benefits, you do not have to live in a forest.(但是要得到这些好处，你不一定要住在森林里。)则是对上文内容的转折，指出即使不住在森林里，也能通过其他方式获得类似的好处，符合语境。故选E。
40．根据上文“So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking outdoors (所以与其设定一个健身目标，为什么不设定一个从户外散步开始的创意目标呢？)”可知，上文提到设定一个户外步行的创造力目标。B项：Expose yourself more to your surroundings.(让自己更多地接触周围环境。)与这一主题相符，即通过在户外步行，我们可以更多地观察和体验周围的环境，从而激发创造力，符合语境。故选B。
41．D 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．D 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大的梦想和追求，以及在实现梦想的过程中所面临的困难和挑战，并强调了失败是实现梦想的重要工具，因为它教会我们宝贵的经验和教训。
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为孩子，当我们与家人聚会时，这种问题经常被提出。A. difficulties困难；B. challenges挑战；C. memories记忆；D. gatherings聚集，聚会。根据上文“Usually, someone would come up and ask, “What are you going to be when you grow up ””及下文中的“with families”可知，经常在家庭聚会时会被问到“长大后干什么”这样的问题。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来是消防员、警察、律师……随着年龄的增长，我对未来的梦想也发生了变化。A. changed改变；B. reduced减少；C. developed发展；D. disappeared消失。根据上文中的“Well, it started out being a cowboy or super hero. Later it was fireman, policeman, lawyer...”可知，长大后的梦想从做牛仔到超人再到消防员以及警察和律师。由此可知，此处指的是未来的梦想发生了改变。故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我上大学之前，有人问我:“你打算学什么专业 ”A. live居住，生活；B. major主修；C. believe相信；D. bring带来。根据下文中的“By then, I had my heart set on ____4____ a teacher as my father.”可知，作者想着自己成为一名像父亲一样的教师。由此可推断，此处指的是在上大学前，作者被问及打算专修什么专业。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，我下定决心要像父亲一样成为一名教师。A. discovering发现；B. cheating欺骗；C. becoming成为；D. awarding授予，给与奖励。根据下文中的“So, I studied and prepared for that life.”可知，作者一直在为那样的生活准备着，结合“a teacher as my father.”可知，作者是决定成为一名像父亲一样的教师。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几乎把全部时间都花在了事业上。A. spent花费；B. wasted浪费；C. decided决定；D. took花费。根据上文中的“So, I studied and prepared for that life.”可知，作者为那样的生活在准备着，结合固定短语spend some time on sth.意为“把时间花在某事上”可知，此处表示作者把全部时间“花费”在事业上，take表示“花费”时，主语一般是事物。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我在一次事故后的身体残疾使我无法全职工作，但我仍然坚持教书。A. planning计划；B. teaching教；C. planting种植；D. reading阅读。根据上文中的“By then, I had my heart set on ____4____ a teacher as my father. So, I studied and prepared for that life.”可知，作者想成为像父亲一样的教师，所以为那样的生活作者准备。由此可推断，此处指的是作者尽管由于不能参加全职工作，但是仍在坚持着教学。故选B。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很满足，我可以实现我的梦想，也许对别人的生活产生积极的影响。A. sensitive敏感的；B. objective客观的；C. passive消极的；D. positive积极的。根据下文中的“My kids are now on the way to ____8____ their goals, which makes me delighted.”可知，作者的孩子现在正在实现着他们的目标，这是作者感到高兴的。由此可知，此处指的是作者的经历对别人的生活有着积极的影响。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们现在正在实现他们的目标，这让我很高兴。A. missing错过，思念；B. reflecting反思，思考；C. performing表现，表演；D. achieving完成，实现。根据上文中的“I am content that I could realize my dream and perhaps have a(n) ____7____ influence on someone’s life.”可知，作者满足于自己实现自己的梦想，并且对别人的生活有着积极的影响，由此可推断，作者的孩子在他的影响下，正在实现他们的目标。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，对许多人来说，有一个“小偷”，到处偷我们的梦想。A. reaching到达；B. throwing扔；C. stealing偷；D. abandoning放弃。根据常识和上文中的“for many, there is a “thief””可知，小偷应该是偷走我们的梦想。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，小偷会以父母、亲戚、朋友或同事的身份出现，但很多时候，最大的小偷就是我们自己。A. thief小偷；B. teacher老师；C. robber抢劫者；D. guider引导者。根据下文中的“but the greatest thief is”可知，下文中提到的是最大的小偷，此处是信息词thief的词汇复现。故选A。
51．考查名词和代词词义辨析。句意同上。A. parents父母；B. ourselves我们自己；C. relatives亲戚；D. themselves他们自己。根据上文中的“Sometimes, the ____10____ will come as a parent, a relative, a friend or a co-worker”可知，“小偷”经常会以父母、亲戚、朋友或同事的身份出现，结合下文中的“We find ourselves just about reaching our ____12____ , and a “small voice” inside says, “You’ll never make it,” “You can’t ____13____ do this.””可知，我们自己内心中有个声音在说“你永远不会成功的”，由此可推断，此处指的最大的“小偷”应该是我们自己。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们发现自己快要实现梦想时，内心有一个“小声音”在说:“你永远不会成功的。”A. homes家；B. limit限制；C. dreams梦想；D. potential潜力。根据上文中的“However, for many, there is a “thief”, which goes around ____9____ our dreams.”可知，对许多人来说有一个小偷偷走我们的梦想，由此可知，此处指的是我们发现自己就要实现梦想的时候。故选C。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你不可能做到的。”A. possibly可能地；B. quickly迅速地；C. frequently经常地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文中的“and a “small voice” inside says, “You’ll never make it,””可知，此处描述的是内心中说的一些“偷走”我们梦想的话，由此可推断，此处表示不可能做到。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不断有“小声音”预示着某种失败。A. despair绝望；B. failure失败；C. moment时刻；D. difference不同。根据下文中的“Failure, though, is exactly how dreams are realized.”可知，失败是实现梦想的方式，结合though可知，此处与上文之间为转折关系，由此可推断，此处指的是预测某种失败。故选B。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是我们拥有的最重要的工具之一，因为它教会了我们宝贵的课程。A. precious珍贵的；B. original原始的；C. faithful忠诚的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文中的“And, when we learn these lessons well, we are ready for success.”可知，当我们学会了这些课程，我们就为成功做好了准备，由此可知，此处指的是失败教会我们宝贵的教训。
56．as 57．Whenever/If 58．immediately 59．is believed 60．becoming 61．boxes 62．which 63．Impressed 64．the 65．later
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国“枕头”的起源。
56．考查介词。句意：据史料记载，北宋(960-1127)著名历史学家司马光一生都用圆木的一部分作为枕头。use…as…为固定搭配，意为“把……用作为……”。故填as。
57．考查状语从句。句意：每当/如果司马光在睡梦中稍微动一下，他的头就会从枕头上滑下来，使他立即醒来，继续他的学习。结合语境“每当/如果司马光在睡梦中稍微动一下”可知，此处要用whenever表示“每当……”，引导时间状语从句或用if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Whenever/If。
58．考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词短语wake up需用副词immediately，作状语。故填immediately。
59．考查动词时态语态。句意：“枕头”一词被认为是由曹操创造的，他是三国时期(220-280)著名的战略家和统治者。此处是一个阐述客观事实的句子，其应使用一般现在时。另外，句子主语The Chinese word for “pillow”与believe含被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is believed。
60．考查动词时态。句意：一天晚上，曹操在帐篷里看书，快要犯困了，帐篷里没有多余的地方可以放几本装在木箱里的书。此处是用and连接的两个并列的过去进行时，was可省略。故填becoming。
61．考查名词。句意同上。box为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填boxes。
62．考查定语从句。句意：作为回应，仆人把书暂时放在床的一边，曹操很快就睡着了，睡得很香。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the bed，指物，在定语从句中作介词upon的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个短期的安排给人的舒适感留下了深刻的印象，于是仆人模仿装书的木箱的形状，用柔软的材料做了一个有垫的头枕。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the servant和impress为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Impressed。
64．考查冠词。句意同上。shape有后置定语of the wooden box that held the books修饰，此处应用the表示特指。故填the。
65．考查副词。句意：曹操后来将其命名为“枕头”，从此，枕头的使用在平民中流行起来。根据语境“曹操随后将其命名为‘枕头’”，可知，此处要用副词later表示“后来”，修饰named。故填later。
66．Dear Sam,
Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.
The study trip, aimed to broaden students’ horizons and encourage students to pursue their dreams, was scheduled to visit Tsinghua University. We were first shown around the campus with canteens and dormitories included, where we had a general understanding of what university life was like. Followed was a physics lesson given by a renowned professor, making it possible for us to consult a university teacher face to face. Last but not least, what impressed me most was an opportunity to perform an experiment in Tsinghua Lab. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.
All of the experience above in Tsinghua University highlighted my strong desire to study there. If possible, I am looking forward to next study trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信
【详解】第一步：审题。要求写一封咨询信，
第一，内容要点包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 活动地点和内容；3. 活动感受。
第二，人称为第一人称和第二人称；时态以一般过去式为主。
第二步：谋篇布局，文章为三段式。第一段，表明写作背景；第二段，描述研学旅行活动的目的、地点、内容和意义；第三段，表达希望。
第三步：确定关键词和短语： relevant details，aim to，be scheduled to, be shown around, face to face, Last but not least, pursue my dream, be looking forward to。
第四步：确定较为高级的句子：1.Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.现在分词做原因状语。2. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.强调句。
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接：first，Followed was，Last but not least。
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，要点完整，上下文连贯流畅，句式多样，逻辑清晰。
使用了较为高级的句式：1. Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.（现在分词做原因状语）。
2. We were first shown around the campus with canteens and dormitories included, where we had a general understanding of what university life was like.(定语从句)
3. Last but not least, what impressed me most was an opportunity to perform an experiment in Tsinghua Lab.（主语从句）
4. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.（强调句）
高级句式的应用提高了写作的档次，使表达形式更丰富，句子更精彩，信息量更大，充分体现了作者在英语表达上的实力。
67． Looking at the gift inside, Joe’s smile disappeared suddenly. His face turned red. He didn’t cry or complain. He stayed completely silent. He wouldn’t even look at anyone else in the room. As I watched, my own expectation turned to something like regret. Joe put his whole stocking aside, hiding it so our parents wouldn’t see how “Santa” had treated him. I’d never told anyone what I’d done. But it still troubled me, even all these years later. I must tell him the truth when I called him this Christmas.
I said on the phone, “Hey, Joe, do you remember that Christmas morning when you were five … your stocking…” Joe said, “Coal! Of course I remember! Wow, you really frightened me that time.” To my relief, my brother burst out laughing. “I was embarrassed!” he added. “I waited until everyone had left the room. Then I took the rocks outside. I didn’t want Mom and Dad to know I was naughty!” “I guess if either of us should get coal in a Christmas stocking that year it must be me,” I said. It felt so good to say it, even if Joe never mentioned it. It turned out Joe’s forgiveness — even all these years later — was the best stocking present I could have wished for.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小时候弟弟Joe总是“欺负”作者，于是作者决定在圣诞节时教训一下Joe，Joe对于圣诞老人深信不疑，作者把很多像煤炭的石头放进了Joe的长筒袜里。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看着里面的礼物，Joe的笑容突然消失了。”可知，第一段可描写Joe看到礼物后的反应，以及多年后作者打算告诉Joe真相。
②由第二段首句内容“我在电话里说：‘嘿，Joe，你还记得你五岁那年圣诞节的早晨……你的袜子……”可知，第二段可描写作者说出真相，并得到了Joe的原谅。
2.续写线索：Joe的反应——感到遗憾——多年后仍受困扰——说出真相——得到原谅
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抱怨：complain/make a complaint②看：look at/take a look at③离开：leave/go away from
情绪类①害怕：frighten/scare②尴尬：embarrassed/awkward
【点睛】[高分句型1] As I watched, my own expectation turned to something like regret.（由连词as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2] “I guess if either of us should get coal in a Christmas stocking that year it must be me,” I said.（由连词if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型3] It felt so good to say it, even if Joe never mentioned it.（由even if引导的让步状语从句）
