(共36张PPT)
Unit 2 Repeat these three words daily: reduce，reuse and recycle
Module 12 Save our world
英语
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
1 divide v.分开 divide … into … 把……分成……
2 plastic n.塑料 adj.塑料的 plastic bags 塑料袋 plastic cups 塑料杯子
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
3 policy n.政策；方针 [联想记忆]police n.警察；警方
one-child policy 独生子女政策 open policy 开放政策
4 reuse v.再次使用；重复利用 Reuse means to use something again.
5 bottle n.瓶 a bottle of 一瓶
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
6 repeat v.重说；重新做 If you repeat something，you say or write it again.
7 reduce v.减少；减低；缩小 reduce pollution降低污染 reduce waste 减少浪费
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
8 cloth n.布；布料 table cloth桌布 cloth bag 布袋
cloth 指布，为不可数名词；a piece of cloth一块布
clothing 是服装的总称；clothes 统指各种衣服
9 rubber n.橡胶 rubber [不可数] natural rubber 天然橡胶
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
10 recycling n.回收利用 a recycling centre 回收中心
11 rapid adj.快速的；迅速的 比较等级：rapid — rapider — rapidest
rapidly adv.迅速地；很快地
rapid development 迅速发展
rapid change 迅速改变
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
12 Step n.步骤；措施 n.步；脚步；阶梯
复数形式：steps
step by step逐步地
take steps采取措施
13 grandson n. （外） 孙子 granddaughter （外）孙女
grandparents （外）祖父母
grandchildren （外） 孙子女
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
14 do with phr.处理 deal with / do with / solve the problems 处理问题
what … do with＝how … deal with 如何处理
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
15 throw away phr.扔掉；丢弃 throw it away；throw them away（代词放中间）
throw away the rubbish；throw the rubbish away
（名词可以放中间，也可以放后面）
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
16 as … as possible phr.尽可能…… as＋adj. / adv.＋as possible 尽可能……
as soon as possible 尽可能快
as simple as possible 尽可能简单
17 change … into … phr.把……变成…… turn … into …也表示“把……变成……”
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
18 tons of phr.许多；很多 a lot of / lots of / plenty of 也可表示“许多；很多”
19 take steps phr.采取措施 take further / proper steps 采取进一步的 / 适当的措施
take steps to do sth.采取措施做某事
Do you divide the waste into things to recycle and things to throw away？
你们将废物分成要回收的和要丢弃的吗？
（1）divide为及物动词，意为“分开；分隔”，常与介词into搭配使用，表示把一个整体分成几部分。
如：He divided the cake into five pieces.
他把这块蛋糕分成了五份。
We are divided into three groups.
我们被分成了三组。
（2）throw away意为“扔掉；丢弃”，是“动词＋副词”结构的短语。若跟代词作宾语时，代词要放在throw与away之间，如throw it / them away；若跟名词作宾语时，名词可位于throw与away之间，也可位于away之后。
如：I never throw anything useful away.
我从来不扔任何有用的东西。
Even though all these books are used，you had better not throw them away.
尽管这些书本都是用过的，你也最好不要把它们扔掉。
He had to throw the rotten apples away.
＝He had to throw away the rotten apples.
他不得不把腐烂的苹果扔掉。
Repeat these three words daily：reduce，reuse and recycle.每天重复这三个词：减少、再利用和再循环。
前缀“re-”，意思是“再；重复”。
（1）repeat v.重说；重新做
如：I’m sorry.You spoke too fast.Could you repeat that？
不好意思，你说得太快了。你可以再说一遍吗？
（2）reuse v.再次使用；重复利用
如：The glass bottles can be reused up to 20 times.
这些玻璃瓶子可重复使用达20次。
（3）recycle v.再循环；回收利用
如：The more we recycle，the more we save.
我们回收的越多，省下的就越多。
It is better to use china cups and cloth bags because they can be used many times.
最好用瓷杯和布袋，因为它们可以多次使用。
It’s better （not） to do sth.意为“最好 （不要） 做某事”。
同义短语：had better （not） do sth.最好 （不要） 做某事
如：It is better not to travel these days.
这些天最好不要去旅游。
We had better wait and watch for a better chance.
我们最好等一等，寻找更好的机会。
Although it takes energy to change things into something else，it is better than throwing things away or burning them.
虽然把一种东西变成另一种东西会消耗能源，但是也比把它们扔掉或烧掉好。
change ... into ... 表示“把……变成……”。
同义短语：turn … into …
如：You can’t change iron into gold.
你无法把铁变成金子。
We throw tons of rubbish away each year，and we have to make a change.
我们每年要扔掉大量的垃圾，现在必须作出改变了。
ton作名词，意为“吨”。tons of意为“许多；很多”，修饰可数名词或者不可数名词。
同义短语：plenty of / a lot of / lots of
如：We’ve bought tons of beer for the party tonight.
我们为今晚的聚会买了大量啤酒。
拓展
a ton of … 一吨…… two tons of … 两吨……
一、根据中文提示，把句子补充完整，每空一词。
1.Think seriously how to divide （分开） the passage into three parts.
2.There were two empty beer bottles （瓶子） on the table.
3.The UN will have to work hard to stop history from repeating （重复） itself.
4.She tried her best to reduce （减少） waste in her daily life.
5.They reached the agreement as the first step （步骤） toward peace.
divide
bottles
repeating
reduce
step
二、单项选择。
（ B ）1.This kind of cloth well and long.
A.is washed；lasts B.washes；lasts
C.washes；is lasted D.is washed；lasted
（ C ）2.— You look sad，Kate.
— Yeah，I have made mistakes in my report.
A.a little B.little C.a few D.few
B
C
（ A ）3.The word “retell” means “to tell again”；“reuse” means “to use again”；“ ” probably means “to play again”.
A.replay B.misplay
C.display D.interplay
（ C ）4.In Switzerland，things like glass and plastic into different groups and then recycled.
A.divide B.divides
C.are divided D.is divided
A
C
（ C ）5.— I won first prize in the singing competition.
— ！
A.No problem B.All right
C.Congratulations D.That’s right
C
三、完成句子。
1.可以再次使用的东西不要丢弃。
Do not throw away what can be used again.
2.最后怪兽变成了一个帅气的王子。
At last the monster changed into a handsome prince.
3.我们可以采取措施保护自己和我们爱的人。
We can take steps to protect ourselves and those we love.
4.It is better to be more careful when having an exam.（改为含had better的同义句）
You had better be more careful when having an exam.
throw away
changed into
take steps to protect
You had better
5.What do you do with the bottles when they are empty？ （改为同义句）
How do you deal with the bottles when they are empty？
How do you deal with
一、阅读理解。（2022·遂宁市中考）
April 22nd is World Earth Day — a day to remind people to protect the earth.So on that day，our family held an activity “bottle of trash challenge”.That means the trash needs to be put in a 600ml bottle.We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible.
My father worked online all day，so he didn’t produce any paper waste except paper napkins.He made the least trash in our family.
My mother cooked and produced plenty of kitchen waste，such as vegetable leaves，eggshells and food bags.What’s worse，we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day.So leftovers couldn’t be avoided.It was not easy for Mum to deal with all the trash，but she found a way to put it all into the bottle.How amazing！
My sister，a 16-year-old student，was busy preparing for her exams.She had to use paper to work out maths or physics problems.She used only one side of the paper in the past.But that day，she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realised we were challenging ourselves.She did a good job！
I was different from my sister.I love snacks and drinks.So my trash was almost from them.I was highly alert （警觉的） that I must produce less waste.I hardly ever had snacks or drinks.It was too difficult，but I did it！
I’ve learnt a lot from this activity.I realise that everyone can produce less trash.We should start with small actions to protect the earth！
（ A ）1.What activity did the writer’s family hold on April 22nd？
A.A challenge. B.A trip.
C.A picnic. D.A party.
（ B ）2.Who made the least trash in the family？
A.The writer. B.The writer’s father.
C.The writer’s mother. D.The writer’s sister.
A
B
（ B ）3.What does the word “leftovers” mean in the third paragraph？
A.Food bags that are used to hold the vegetable leaves.
B.Food that hasn’t been eaten up at the end of a meal.
C.Waste that is produced in the kitchen.
D.Dishes that are cooked by our mothers.
B
（ C ）4.What was the writer’s sister busy doing？
A.Watching TV. B.Playing computer games.
C.Preparing for her exams. D.Playing the piano.
（ D ）5.Why does the writer write the passage？
A.Because he hopes that we can have less snacks and drinks.
B.Because he hopes that we can use both sides of the paper.
C.Because he hopes that we can eat up all the food of the dinner.
D.Because he hopes that we can protect the earth by starting with small actions.
C
D
二、配对阅读。左栏是五位同学遇到了处理垃圾不知投入哪个垃圾箱的问题，右栏是相应的建议。请为左栏的每位同学选择一个合适的建议。（2021·汕头市潮阳区一模改编）
A.Hazardous Waste Dustbin.It contains waste involving risk or danger，especially harmful to people’s health or safety but not including medical waste.
B.Residual Waste Dustbin.It collects china，pottery，used and polluted things like dirty tissues，dirty diapers，one-off meal boxes and so on.
C.Household Food Waste Dustbin.It is used to collect kitchen waste like skins of fruits，egg-shells，leaves of plants，etc.
D.Recyclable Waste Dustbin.It is used for collecting all kinds of environmentally-friendly and recyclable materials including paper，metal and so on.
E.Medical Chemical Waste Dustbin.Used chemical reagents and used chemical disinfectant are collected here.
F.Medical Infection Waste Dustbin.It collects anything used for preventing virus infection like masks worn by people and one-off plastic medical devices in hospitals.
G.Medical Contaminated Sharp Waste Dustbin.Used chemical needles，scissors，knives and so on are put in this dustbin.
（ A ）1.I have some expired batteries （过期的电池），but I don’t know how to deal with them.Maybe I should put them into a dustbin.
（ D ）2.My bookcase is filled with too many old newspapers.Which dustbin should I throw them into？
（ C ）3.I have just finished washing dishes and there are some leftovers （剩菜） to throw away.
A
D
C
（ B ）4.After I have eaten take-away food，I have some dirty plastic boxes and dirty tissues （纸巾）.I wonder which dustbin I should put them into.
（ F ）5.While shopping in the supermarket just now，I was wearing a mask so that I could prevent the COVID-19 infection.But now where can I throw my used mask？
B
F(共37张PPT)
Unit 1 If everyone starts to do something，the world will be saved
Module 12 Save our world
英语
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
1 factory n.制造厂；工厂 复数形式：factories
[联想记忆]fact n.事实
in fact 事实上
2 pollute v.污染 polluted adj.受污染的
pollution n.污染
polluter n.污染者；污染源；污染物质
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
3 recycle v.回收利用； 再使用（废品） recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的
recycling n. （资源、垃圾的） 回收利用 [不可数]
a recycling centre 回收利用中心
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
4 waste n.废料；废弃物 为不可数名词
a waste of … 浪费 （时间、金钱等）
v.浪费；消耗
动词形式：wastes — wasting — wasted — wasted
wasteful adj.浪费的
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
5 cause v.引起；使遭受 n.起因 the cause of ……的起因
6 enemy n.敌人；仇人 复数形式：enemies
7 crop n.庄稼；作物 v.种植；收割
动词形式：crops — cropping — cropped — cropped
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
8 kill v.杀死；弄死 killing adj.使人筋疲力尽的 killer n.杀手；凶手
9 oil n.石油 oil 是集合名词，此处为不可数名词
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
10 less adj.较小的；较少的 n.较少数；较少量 less是little的比较级 （little — less — least）
less than 少于 far less 远不及
no less than 不少于；多达 less and less 越来越少
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
11 hopeless adj.无望的 反义词：hopeful adj.有希望的
hopelessly adv.绝望地；无望地
hope n. / v.希望
hopefully adv.有希望地
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
12 be worried about phr.为……担心； 为……焦虑 同义短语：worry about
13 be a danger to phr.对……有危害 同义短语：be harmful to；do harm to；be bad for
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
14 It’s no use doing sth. phr.做……没有用处 use v. / n.使用；用途
usable adj.可用的
useful adj.有用的；有益的
used adj.习惯的；使用过的
useless adj.无用的
usefully adv.有用地
uselessly adv.无用地
used to do sth.过去常常做某事
be / get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
be used to do sth.用来做某事
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
15 think of phr.记起；想起 think highly of 对……高度评价
think about 考虑
think over 仔细考虑
序号 单词及短语 词性及中文释义 拓展与运用
16 save energy phr.节约能源 save v.节约；拯救；保存
save water 节约水
save energy 节约能量
save one’s life 拯救某人的生命
save the document 保存文件
Pollution is a danger to our health.污染危害我们的健康。
（1）pollution是不可数名词，意为“污染”；其动词为pollute，意为“污染”。
如：The government has asked to reduce air pollution.政府要求减少空气的污染。
The factory polluted the air and the water nearby.工厂污染了附近的空气和水源。
拓展
water pollution 水污染
noise pollution 噪声污染
get polluted 被污染
（2）be a danger to … 意为“对……有害”。类似的短语有：be bad for，be harmful to，do harm to。
如：Added sugar is a danger to our health.
添加糖对我们的健康有害。
拓展
danger为名词，in danger意为“处在危险之中”；dangerous为形容词。
如：More and more animals are in danger.越来越多的动物处于危险之中。
Tigers and lions are dangerous animals.
老虎和狮子是危险的动物。
They use so much oil and cause pollution as well.它们过多地耗油，也造成了污染。
（1）oil为不可数名词，意为“石油”，所以用so much来修饰；so many用来修饰可数名词。
如：The kids apologised for making so much noise.孩子们为制造这么大的噪音而道歉。
（2）cause可以作名词也可以作动词，此句中的cause作动词。
如：His absence caused me much trouble.
他的缺席给我造成了很多麻烦。
I have never had any cause for complaint about my doctor.
我从来就没有任何理由抱怨我的医生。
It’s no use talking about things we can’t do.
谈论我们不能做的事情是没有用的。
It’s no use doing sth.意为“做某事没有用处”。
如：It’s no use complaining.抱怨没有用处。
It’s no use living in the past.
活在过去是没有用的。
That means less waste.那意味着减少浪费。
（1）less adj.较小的；较少的 n.较少数；较少量
less是little 的比较级，最高级为least，用来修饰不可数名词，指物体的体积或分量比别的物体少；而few用来修饰可数名词，指物体在数量上比别的物体少。few的比较级和最高级分别为fewer和fewest。
如：The company needs less money and fewer workers than last year.公司需要的资金和人员都比去年少了。
拓展
less than 少于 far less 远不及
no less than 不少于；多达 less and less 越来越少
（2）waste在此处用作不可数名词，意为“浪费；废弃物”；waste还可以用作动词，意为“浪费”。
如：There’s a lot of waste in front of the door.门前有很多垃圾。
It’s not right to waste water and electricity.
浪费水电是不对的。
拓展
wasteful adj.浪费的
a waste of time / money / energy
浪费时间 / 金钱 / 能源
Though pollution is heavy now，I don’t think it’s hopeless.
尽管现在污染很严重，但我认为还是有希望的。
（1）hopeless是形容词，意为“无望的”，其构成方式为：hope （希望）＋-less → hopeless；其反义词为hopeful，意为“抱有希望的”，其构成方式为：hope＋-ful → hopeful。
（2）hopelessness是名词，意为“没有希望”，其构成方式为：hope＋-less＋-ness → hopelessness。
如：The situation is not as hopeless as we think.
情况并不像我们想的那样无望。
拓展
-less为常见的形容词后缀，意为“没有，无”；类似的词有：careless粗心的；useless无用的；homeless无家可归的；harmless 无害的；helpless无助的
一、根据中文提示，把句子补充完整，每空一词。
1.None of us are hopeless （没有希望的） and we all have the power within ourselves to recover.
2.More and more animals are homeless because their homes get polluted （污染）.
3.Used mobile phones can be recycled （回收利用），so we shouldn’t throw them away.
4.A number of people were killed （杀死） in the acccident.
5.Locusts （蝗虫） did a lot of damage to the crops （庄稼） in Italy.
hopeless
polluted
recycled
killed
crops
二、单项选择。
（ C ）1.Drinking too much your health.
A.do harm to B.is harm to
C.does harm to D.do harmful to
（ D ）2.I could do nothing when my grandpa died.I was so
at that time.
A.help B.helplessness
C.helpful D.helpless
C
D
（ C ）3.It’s believed that playing computer games too much does
harm than good.
A.many B.much C.more D.most
（ B ）4.The old man live with his wife，but now he
alone after she died.
A.used to；is used to live
B.used to；is used to living
C.was used to；used to live
D.used to；used to live
C
B
（ A ）5.— What do you think of the environment here？
— Wonderful！ of the land covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifths；is B.Two fifth；is
C.Two fifths；are D.Two fifth；are
A
三、完成句子。
1.他让我想起我最好的朋友。
He makes me think of my best friend.
2.离开教室时请关灯，这样可以节约能源。
Turn off the light so as to save energy when you leave the classroom.
3.造纸厂产生大量的污染。
Paper factories cause a lot of pollution .
think of
save energy
cause a lot of pollution
4.More and more people worry about losing their jobs.（改为同义句）
More and more people are worried about losing their jobs.
5.It is believed that he is a danger to our society.（改为同义句）
It is believed that he does harm to / is harmful to our society.
are worried about
does harm to / is harmful to
一、完形填空。
Greenpeace is a world-wide environmental organisation that has been trying to stop companies and governments from doing bad things to the environment.It is known for its direct 1 in the world.And it has made the public know environmental problems.
In 1995，a Greenpeace ship stopped a French nuclear weapon （核武器） test.Greenpeace has also 2 sent ships to protect whales （鲸鱼） from Japanese whalers，who kill whales for their meat which is used at expensive restaurants.
The Greenpeace members have tried to stop nuclear weapons 3 being built and have fought against big companies and governments that are destroying the rainforests and other areas with a 4 environment.Greenpeace 5 many environmental problems：whaling，world-wide warming，clean energy and nuclear power.Greenpeace activists often put 6 in danger to stop the activities that they are against.They use small boats to try to stop the killing of whales.They also tie themselves to trees that workers want to cut down.They say that they are trying to protect the environment for all of us and for future generations.
7 they have a lot of support from people around the world，they have not been able to stop many of the things they are fighting against.The organisation 8 money from governments，political parties or companies in order to avoid their influence.
The people who 9 Greenpeace are from all over the world.What they all have in common is the one big aim （目标） — a green and 10 future for all.People from all walks of life come together under the Greenpeace flag to spend their free time fighting for the environment.
（ C ）1.A.plans B.ways C.actions D.causes
（ B ）2.A.generally B.repeatedly
C.nearly D.carefully
（ D ）3.A.to B.for C.in D.from
（ B ）4.A.pleasant B.natural C.special D.wet
（ A ）5.A.pays attention to B.pays for
C.pays back D.pays off
（ A ）6.A.themselves B.them C.they D.their
C
B
D
B
A
A
（ B ）7.A.Whether B.Although
C.Because D.Unless
（ A ）8.A.refuses B.requires
C.accepts D.borrows
（ C ）9.A.turn up B.put up C.make up D.open up
（ D ）10.A.cheerful B.meaningful
C.helpful D.peaceful
A
C
D
B
二、短文填空。
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
a drive on instead after but
take both when water turn difference
How did we help to save our earth this week？ Let me tell you.
First，my family tried to save electricity.We never left the lights （1） on when leaving the room.We （2） turned off the TV when nobody was watching it.Mum only used cold water in the washing machine.
Second，we started recycling this week.We tried to write on （3） both sides of our paper，not just on one side.We also divided our rubbish into （4） different bags for bottles，paper and food.Mum took （5） a cloth bag when she went to the supermarket.
on
turned
both
different
a
Third，my family started to save （6） water .We stopped taking long baths and had short showers （7） instead .We washed the toilet with used water.Mum and Dad used less water to do the washing.My sister and I didn’t leave the tap （水龙头） running （8） when we brushed our teeth.
water
instead
when
At last，Mum and Dad began to save gas （汽油）.Mum used to （9） drive us to school，but now my sister and I started to ride our bikes to school.It’s hard work （10） but good exercise！ This week Dad and a few of the people in his company also started to ride their bikes to work and enjoyed the exercise at the same time.
drive
but(共39张PPT)
Unit 3
Language in use
Module 12 Save our world
英语
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Useful phrases （实用短语） 使人生病 make people ill 造成污染 cause pollution
收集废品 collect waste 节省能源 save energy
采取措施 do something 变得更糟 get worse
关灯 turn off the lights 索要某物 ask for sth.
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Useful phrases （实用短语） 产生废物 produce waste 对……有害 be harmful to
制定再循环方案 develop a recycling policy 希望有迅速的改变 hope for rapid change
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Useful phrases （实用短语） 拟定 draw up sth. 清理河道 clean up the river
尽某人最大的努力做某事 try one’s best to do sth. 使某人不断做某事 keep sb. doing sth.
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Useful phrases （实用短语） 保持某物…… keep sth.＋adj. 减少……的危害 reduce the harm of sth.
变黑；变暗 go dark 轮流做某事 take turns to do sth.
Items（类别） Language items （语言项目）
Key structures （关键句型） 1.It’s no use talking about things we can’t do.
谈论我们不能做的事情是没有用的。
2.Though pollution is heavy now，I don’t think it’s hopeless.
尽管现在污染很严重，我认为还是有希望的。
3.If everyone starts to do something，the world will be saved.
如果大家都开始做点什么，世界就有救了。
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Key structures （关键句型） 4.Do you divide the waste into things to recycle and things to throw away？
你们将废物分成要回收的和需丢弃的吗？
5.It is better to use china cups and cloth bags because they can be used many times.
最好用瓷杯和布袋，因为它们可以多次使用。
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Key structures （关键句型） 6.Although it takes energy to change things into something else， it is better than throwing things away or burning them.
虽然把一种东西变成另一种东西会消耗能源，但是也比把它们扔掉或烧掉好。
7.We can do more to protect the environment.
Items （类别） Language items （语言项目）
Key structures （关键句型） 我们可以做更多的事情去保护环境。
8.Do not throw away things made of glass，plastic and paper.
不要扔掉由玻璃、塑料和纸制成的东西。
构词法
英语中很多单词的构成是有规律的，掌握这些构成规律有助于理解和记忆词汇。英语构词法主要有三种：合成法、派生法和转化法。
1.合成法：由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法。
类别 例词
合成名词 classroom，boyfriend，basketball，schoolbag，blackboard
合成形容词 warm-hearted，good-looking，hard-working，handmade
合成代词 everything，somebody，herself，anyone
合成动词 upset，overcome，sleepwalk
类别 例词
合成副词 however，whenever，somewhere，downstairs，upstairs
合成介词 within，without，into，onto，upon
合成数词 fifty-four，twenty-three
前缀 意义 例词
un-，dis-，im-，in-，non- 不，非，表示“否定” unfriendly，unpleasant，uncomfortable，dishonest，dislike，disagree，impossible，impolite，incorrect，non-smoking
mis- 表示“错误” mistake，misunderstand，mislead
2.派生法：在一个单词前面或者后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法。加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀。
（1）前缀构词法
前缀 意义 例词
inter- 表示“互相，在……之间” interview，international，internet
re- 表示“重复” rewrite，return，review，retell
pre- 表示“在……之前” preschool，preview，predict
前缀 意义 例词
mini- 表示“小” minibus，miniskirt，minimum
super- 表示“超” superhero，superman，superstar
bi- 表示“两个，两边的” bicycle，bilingual，bilateral
tele- 表示“远” telephone，telegram，television
（2）后缀构词法
后缀 例词
构成名词 -or，-er，-ess actor，visitor，director，singer，runner，worker，teacher，actress
-ist artist，scientist，tourist，pianist
-ese Chinese，Japanese
-tion invitation，attraction，population，pronunciation，competition
-ship friendship，relationship，hardship
构成名词 -ment movement，development，agreement
-ness happiness，illness，kindness
后缀 例词
构成形容词 -ful successful，beautiful，colourful，wonderful
-y funny，healthy，cloudy，windy，salty
-ing boring，exciting，interesting，understanding
-ed surprised，balanced，relaxed，talented
-al traditional，international，natural，personal，national
-able comfortable，unforgettable，suitable，changeable
后缀 例词
构成形容词 -less homeless，hopeless，careless，helpless，heartless
-en wooden，golden，woolen
-ive active，collective，creative
-ish foolish，childish，selfish
构成副词 -ly loudly，really，usually，finally
注意：friendly，lovely，lively，daily，lonely等词虽以-ly结尾，但却是形容词。
3.转化法：一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类，这种构词法叫转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义密切相关。
（1）名词转换为动词：show n.展览；展出 → show v.展出
hand n.手 → hand v.交给
water n.水 → water v.浇水
colour n.颜色 → colour v.给……着色
（2）动词转换为名词：walk v.散步 → walk n.散步
（3）talk v.谈话 → talk n.谈话
（3）形容词转换为动词：slow adj.慢的 → slow v.放慢
empty adj.空的 → empty v.使……变空
dry adj.干的 → dry v.使……变干
clean adj.干净的 → clean v.把……弄干净
一、写出下列单词的正确形式。
1.different
adj.不同的 → differently adv.不同地 → difference n.差别
2.interest
n.兴趣 → interesting adj.有趣的 → interested adj.感兴趣的
3.death n.死亡 → die v.死亡 → dead adj.死的
4.care v. / n.照顾 → careful adj.仔细的；小心的 → carefully adv.仔细地 → carelessly adv.粗心地
5.use n. / v.使用 → useful adj.有用的 → useless adj.无用的 → reuse v.重复使用
differently
difference
interesting
interested
die
dead
careful
carefully
carelessly
useful
useless
reuse
二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.When it’s raining heavily （heavy） outside，the roads usually become much busier.
2.Look！ The dancer （dance） in front of all the other actresses is my sister.
3.You don’t need an invitation （invite） to help others.Give help before you are asked.
4. Water （water） the flowers every week and they will not get too dry or too wet.
5.Paper cutting is a traditional （tradition） Chinese skill with a history of thousands of years.
heavily
dancer
invitation
Water
traditional
三、单项选择。
（ C ）1.He is much than I，but I learn than he does.
A.smart；hard B.smart；harder
C.smarter；harder D.smarter；hardly
（ D ）2.You should read the article as as I do to know what the writer really wants to tell us.
A.careful B.more careful
C.more carefully D.carefully
C
D
（ C ）3.Frederick entered the final competition last month. His hobby has brought him .
A.successful；success B.successful；successfully
C.successfully；success D.successfully；successful
（ D ）4.The story is and all of us are in it.
A.interest；interesting B.interesting；interest
C.interested；interesting D.interesting；interested
C
D
（ B ）5.The local guide spoke she could to make the visitors understand her.
A.as clear as B.as clearly as
C.so clear as D.so clearly as
B
一、语法选择。（2022·陕西省中考改编）
Dear Museum Scientists，
My name is Yang Jingjing. 1 live by the sea，near a mangrove swamp （红树林沼泽地）.
My mum is 2 tour guide.She knows a lot about the mangrove swamp.She loves 3 people the beautiful animals that live there.I am writing to you 4 I’m worried about what is happening near my home.The mangroves are home to many 5 such as birds，butterflies and snakes.Down in the water under the trees are the homes of fish and shrimp.The mangroves also protect us 6 wind，waves and floods （浪潮与水灾）.
However，in the past few years，things 7 greatly.These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people.New neighbourhoods （社区） 8 last year and the year before.It turned the place with mangroves into stores，houses，cinemas，restaurants and car parks.What is even 9 ，all these things are still going on！ What will happen to the animals that live in the mangroves？ I don’t know 10 .How I wish we can find a way to live together with the mangroves and animals！
Sincerely yours，
Yang Jingjing
（ C ）1.A.My B.Me C.I
（ A ）2.A.a B.an C.the
（ B ）3.A.show B.to show C.shows
（ C ）4.A.although B.before C.because
（ C ）5.A.animal B.animal’s C.animals
（ A ）6.A.from B.with C.about
（ B ）7.A.change B.have changed C.are changing
（ C ）8.A.built B.are built C.were built
（ B ）9.A.bad B.worse C.worst
（ A ）10.A.what we can do B.what can we do C.how we can do
C
A
B
C
C
A
B
C
B
A
二、读写综合。（2021·汕头市澄海区模拟）
A.回答问题
Do you believe in green living？ Read the following blog （博客） and replies about a fun，easy and creative way to make your lifestyle greener.
Posted by Gina at 8：32 am on 11th February 2021
Nowadays，we’re more wasteful than ever — buying，using and throwing things away without thinking about the costs.We need to start living more responsibly — but how？ One answer is to upcycle （再生利用）.
I started upcycling clothing.Making new things out of old clothes is the best way to mix my talent and my interest.
Do you upcycle？ If so，what new things have you made？ If not，why not give it a try？
REPLY Terry Posted at 9：08 am on 11th February 2021
Why don’t you give your old clothes to people in need？ I even give away the most expensive things I don’t wear anymore.So I can help the environment while giving something useful to people in need.
REPLY Gina Posted at 9：28 am on 11th February 2021
Good point！ I’m talking about only the oldest clothing in your room — the clothes that are too old to be worn by others.The same idea goes for food waste at restaurants and supermarkets.Before upcycling food that can still be eaten，for example，using it to make soil，we should give it to those in need.
REPLY Betty Posted at 10：18 am on 11th February 2021
I’ve made shopping bags out of T-shirts and dog toys out of socks.Upcycling clothing is a fun hobby，but the most important thing is that it makes me feel like I’m living less wastefully.
1.How can we make our lifestyle greener？
We can make our lifestyle greener by upcycling./ By upcycling.
We can make our lifestyle greener by upcycling./ By upcycling.
2.Does Terry give away old clothes or new clothes？
He gives away old clothes.
3.What does Gina think of Terry’s idea？
She thinks it （is） good / he has a good point.
4.Why does Betty upcycling clothing？
Because it makes her feel like she’s living less wastefully.
5.How many kinds of waste are mentioned by Gina？
Two kinds of waste are metioned./ Two.
He gives away old clothes.
She thinks it （is） good / he has a good point.
Because it makes her feel like she’s living less wastefully.
Two kinds of waste are metioned./ Two.
B.书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作。
假设你是李华。为引导学生关注环保问题、保护环境，你们学校广播站名为“变废为宝，绿色生活”的主题活动正在征稿。请根据以下思维导图内容提示，用英语写一篇短文。
作文要求：
（1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
（2） 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和学生的真实姓名。
（3） 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
There is more and more waste around us and it has caused a lot of environmental problems.So how can we put the waste to good use and live in a greener life？ In my opinion，we should reduce，reuse and recycle the waste.Nothing is waste if we have a creative mind.
Last week，I found some I found some plastic boxes behind my house. I collected them， filled them with some soil， and poured some water into them.After that，I planted some small trees in them and put them in the yard.
In my opinion，we should
reduce，reuse and recycle the waste.Nothing is waste if we have
a creative mind.
Last week，I found some I found some plastic boxes behind my house. I collected them， filled them with some soil， and poured some water into them.After that，I planted some small trees in them and put them in the yard.
Whenever I see the lovely green trees，I feel happy and proud.I think all of us can learn to upcycle the waste and enjoy a green life.
Whenever I see the lovely green trees，I feel happy and proud.I think all of us can learn to upcycle the waste and enjoy a green life.
