上海市黄浦区2023-2024学年高二上学期区统考期末英语试卷（含答案，无听力音频无听力原文）
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黄浦区2023学年第一学期高二年级期终调研测试
英语试卷
2024.1
（时间:100分钟 总分:100分）
第Ⅰ卷（共74分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Father and daughter. B. Manager and secretary.
C. Husband and wife. D. Salesman and customer.
2. A. In a bank. B. In a library.
C. In a bookstore. D. In a post office.
3. A. A fitness coach. B. A club consultant.
C. A school teacher. D. A shop assistant.
4. A. Choose a less challenging class. B. Consider making some progress.
C. Continue his swimming class. D. Persevere in saving time and effort.
5. A. About 30 minutes. B. About an hour.
C. About 90 minutes. D. About two hours.
6. A. He doesn't play tennis or golf in winter. B. He won't miss any chance of skiing in winter.
C. He keeps energetic by playing tennis every day. D. He seems to be keen on all kinds of sports.
7. A. Enjoy his campus life. B. Give up hard assignments.
C. Set a term goal for himself. D. Release academic pressure.
8. A. He is wet all over. B. He is totally worn out.
C. He walked a long distance. D. He lost his umbrella.
9. A. The man will go to the airport by taxi. B. The man is asking the woman for help.
C. The man really likes taking buses. D. The man's car has broken down.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 10 through 12 are based on the following passage.
10. A. A creator. B. A re-creator. C. A performer. D. A receiver.
11. A. To identify the directions. B. To ensure a pleasant journey.
C. To concentrate on driving. D. To create a dreamlike atmosphere.
12. A. The different types of music. B. The various roles of music.
C. The focused occasions of music. D. The ways to experience music.
Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following conversation.
13. A. She was long dreaming of going to Africa.
B. She thought working as a travel agent was tough.
C. She was tired of her lifestyle at that time.
D. She didn't want to travel to Africa any more.
14. A. She taught local students the basics of the language.
B. She trained local farmers how to market their crops.
C. She taught local children culture and economies.
D. She trained local people how to work as nurses.
15. A. They are talking about Africa customs and culture.
B. The man is probably the leader of volunteers
C. The volunteer team's main job was to train local farmers.
D. The 4-week training course helped the volunteers a lot.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Information Society
Once upon a time societies were organized around religion, farming, trade or industry. In many parts of the world today this is still true, but something else is becoming more important -the exchange of information and the technology that we use to do this. Twenty-four-hour news, e-commerce, international call centres, mobile phones, positioning systems…all these（16）______________（make）the world smaller and faster.
The growth in telecommunications is now giving more and more people access to the science that will help their country to develop or to the medical knowledge that can fight disease. The world is becoming more and more like a village,（17）_____________people only dreamed of a generation ago.
But how can everybody in the world share the recent technological advances Millions of people cannot read these words（18）_____________they don't have access to a computer. They don't understand English either, the language that around half of the information on the Internet is（19）_____________（write）in. They don't even have a telephone. They are more worried about how far they will have to walk today to get clean water or if they can feed themselves and their families. For most people on this planet, information is not a priority.
The contrast between countries that have information technology and（20）_____________that don't is called the ‘digital divide’. Scandinavia and South East Asia have a high number of people who use information communication technologies（ICT）. Central Africa and the Pacific have relatively very few.
The United Nations is trying to make the information society（21）_____________reality for more of the developing world. It wants to see rich countries（22）_____________（transfer）new technology and knowledge to poorer nations. This will improve medical care and education, science and agriculture, business opportunities and employment. At the same time, they say, local communities, languages and cultures will become much（23）_____________（strong）.
Section B
Directions: Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.
24. Peter did not want to_____________ his fears and insecurity to anyone. （exposure）
25. Rich industrialized countries have sown the seeds of_____________ warming. （globe）
26. The dancer gives_____________ performances of her work, both at home and abroad. （frequency）
27. The headmaster's inspiring speech left a lasting_____________ on all the students. （impress）
28. Giving a helping hand to those who are_____________ for help can make our society more harmonious. （desperation）
29. Gainful employment means that the employee receives steady work and payment from the_____________.（employ）
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. majoring B. enrollment C. prerecorded D. transported E. experienceF. unbelievable G. competitive H. measuring I. acquisition
Learning New Languages through VR Visits
On a Friday morning in November（2017）in Houston, Texas, a group of 12 Rice University undergraduates in Jayoung Song's second-year Korean language class took out their smartphones, opened the YouTube app and fastened their phones to virtual-reality headsets. Within seconds, they were 30 to a typical café in Seoul, South Korea and were encouraged to begin a situational conversation with Korean peers, whose statements and questions had been 31
This is the way the innovative world of language 32 is going as virtual-reality learning videos enter the classroom and provide students with the closest thing to real-life situation that they could possibly get.
"A lot of literature says that it is really important to be exposed to the language and culture in order to succeed in language learning," said Song, a lecturer of Korean whose papers focused on comparing a face-to-face and virtual-world environment for 33 second-language learners' interactional competence. "But technically, it would be bard for students to go to Korea and learn Korean there, so I wanted to bring that setting to the classroom so that students can 34 it with the virtual-reality glasses and their cellphones."
Song is one of the first instructors in the university's School of Humanities' Center for Languages and Intercultural Communication to incorporate the technology in her classroom.
In recent years, 35 for Korean language classes at Rice has doubled to more than 100 students per year. A key driver, according to Song, is South Korea's export of pop culture, fueled by the popularity of Korean pop（K-pop）music and videos on YouTube and serialized TV K-dramas.
Other virtual-reality scenarios that Song's students engage in include shopping in a supermarket, traveling on the subway and visiting a doctor's office.
"This local setting…really gives it the real-life situation experience of learning language and culture," said Siyu Geng, a senior 36 in mathematical economic analysis.
"The world is getting into a multilingual and multicultural era," Song said. "In this time, it's very useful to learn foreign language and culture to become 37 professionals in this linguistically and culturally diverse world."
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Pill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
By 2030, 60 percent of the world's population is expected to live in big cities. How all those people live, and what their lives are like, will 38 important choices leaders make today and in the coming years.
Technology has the power to help people live in communities that are more 39 to their needs and that can actually improve their lives. For example, Beijing, troubled by air pollution, is testing a 23-foot-tall air 40 that cleans up smog, filters the bad particles（微粒）and releases clear air.
This isn't a vision of life in the family comedy The Jetsons. It's real urban communities responding in real-time to changing weather, times of day and citizen needs. These efforts can cover entire communities. They can vary from monitoring traffic to keeping cars moving efficiently or measuring air 41 to warn residents when pollution levels climb.
Using data and electronic sensors in this way is often 42 as building "smart cities," which are the subject of a major push to improve how cities function. In part a response to unreasonable infrastructure（基础设施）design and urban planning of the past, smart cities 43 real-time monitoring, analysis and improvement of city decision-making. The results, supporters say, will improve efficiency, environmental sustainability and citizen engagement.
Smart city projects are big investments that are supposed to drive social 44 Decisions made early in the 45 determine what exactly will change. But most research and planning regarding smart cities is driven by the technology, 46 the needs of the citizens. Little attention is given to the social, policy and organizational changes that will be required to ensure smart cities are not just technologically comprehensive but intelligently 47 to their residents' needs. Design will make the difference between smart city projects offering great prospect or actually increasing or even widening the existing gaps in unequal ways their cities serve residents.
A key 48 of smart cities is that they create efficiency. Well-designed technology tools can 49 government agencies, the environment and residents. Smart cities can improve the efficiency of city services by finding ways to save money and streamlining workers' responsibilities. The results can provide higher-quality at lower cost.
38. A. take over B. consist of C. depend on D. lean towards
39. A. available B. responsive C. constant D. considerable
40. A. container B. refrigerator C. purifier D. accelerator
41. A. quantity B. resistance C. concentration D. quality
42. A. referred to B. made for C. logged in D. blamed for
43. A. construct B. promise C. disturb D. reflect
44. A. transformation B. cooperation C. productivity D. regulation
45. A. position B. shape C. process D. intention
46. A. in spite of B. rather than C. in place of D. so long as
47. A. sustainable B. equivalent C. adaptive D. substantial
48. A. feature B. entrance C. ingredient D. passion
49. A. represent B. exhaust C. benefit D. approve
Section B
Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
（A）
A culture that values achievement and progress will discourage people from "wasting" time. In religious societies, customs specify times of the day, week, or year for prayer and religious celebrations. If an individual tries to make an appointment during a sacred holiday, he or she could unknowingly offend a religious person. Social manners determine appropriate times for visit, meetings, and even phone calls.
Punctuality is important in American business, academic and social settings. The importance of punctuality is taught to young children in school. People who keep appointments are considered dependable. If people are late to job interviews, appointments or classes, they are often viewed as unreliable and irresponsible. In the business world, "time is money" and companies may fine their executives for being late to business meetings. Of course, it was not always possible to be punctual. Social and business manners also provide rules for late arrivals. Calling on the telephone if one is going to be more than a few minutes late for scheduled appointments is considered polite and is often expected. Keeping a date or a friend waiting beyond ten to twenty minutes is considered rude. On the other hand, arriving thirty minutes late to some parties is acceptable.
Respecting deadlines is also important in academic and professional circles. It is expected that deadlines for class assignments or business reports will be met. Whether it is a question of arriving on time or of meeting a deadline, people are culturally conditioned to regulate time.
Time is tangible; one can "gain time", "spend time", "waste time", "save time", or even "kill time"! The treatment of time as a possession influences the way time is carefully divided. Generally, Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. Visitors who "drop by" without prior notice may interrupt their host's personal time. Thus, calling friends on the telephone before visiting them is generally preferred to visitors "dropping by". To accommodate other people's schedules. Americans make business plans and social engagements several days or weeks in advance.
50. Who are considered reliable and responsible according to the passage
A. People who make appointments during sacred holidays.
B. People who always have good plans and save time.
C. People who would not like to disturb others
D. People who are punctual for appointments
51. The word "tangible" in Paragraph 4 can be best replaced by___________ according to the passage.
A. limited B. flexible C. valuable D. material
52. Which of the following statements about American social life is TRUE
A. Americans treat time so carefully as to bear unexpected interruption.
B. Americans visit their friends without noticing them in advance.
C. Americans prefer being visited to being called on the telephone.
D. Americans make business plans and social engagements beforehand.
53. What is this passage mainly concerned with
A. How Americans have a future orientation.
B. How Americans are influenced by their religion.
C. How time is regulated and perceived in the US.
D. How achievement and progress are valued in the US.
（B）
Top Scientists Take Sides
Famous Inducers（Experiment> ）Gregor Mendel（1822-1884）Mendel spent years recording variations in the appearance of peas and other living things. By analysing this data, he identified mathematical laws that govern genetics. Alexander Fleming（1881-1955）While studying bacteria, Fleming observed that bread mold（霉）could kill bacteria harmful to human health. This led him to discover penicillin, the first effective antibiotic. Ernest Rutherford（1871-1937）During an experiment, Rutherford noted that energetic particles could pass easily through thin metal foil（箔）. From this evidence he formulated a scientific law: the atom is mostly empty space. Famous Deducers（Theory> Experiment）Isaac Newton（1643-1727）Inspired by the motion of falling objects（but probably not an apple!）Newton proposed that all objects attract each other. Only later did he perform calculations to prove that his idea, "universal gravitation," was true. Democritus（c. 460-370 B.C. ）Based on philosophical principles, Democritus argued that a material cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever; he called its smallest possible unit an "atom." Democritus had no means to test his theory. But later experimenters proved atoms are real. Alfred Wegener（1880-1930）Noticing the interlockable shapes of the continents, Wegener made the bold proposal that Earth's land masses began as a single, giant continent. Over many years, many disciplines including geology and fossilology would finally prove that his theory of "continental drift" is accurate.
54. Which of the following best define "Inducers" and "Deducers" according to the poster
A. Inducers are those who arrive at a conclusion based on theories.
B. Inducers prefer to make experiments to prove some relative theories.
C. Deducers usually do more experiments than develop theories.
D. Deducers tend to arrive at a conclusion by reasoning or inference.
55. Which of the following is True according to the poster
A. Mendel recognised mathematical laws governing genetics by farming.
B. Newton proposed the idea "universal gravitation" by observing the falling of apples.
C. It was Fleming who made the discovery of the first effective antibiotic.
D. Alfred Wegener created the theory of "continental drift" after he found rich evidence.
56. Where can this poster most probably be seen
A. In a university lecture. B. In a physics textbook.
C. In a science magazine. D. In an advertisement.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. In fact, they tended to return to the way they felt before they became rich.B. Nowadays people look to technology as an alternative source of satisfaction. C. Family relationships in particular seem to be the key to long-term contentment. D. You can't buy happiness but it looks like you can at least inherit it, some researchers said. E. The database makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment. F. An important implication is that personality traits of being outgoing and reliable provide a resource that drives future happiness.
Can Happiness Be Bought
There is a Web site called the "World Database of Happiness". It combines and analyzes the results of hundreds of surveys from around the world that have been conducted on life satisfaction. Most of the findings are predictable, but a few are surprising.
57 it is quite common to say that money can't buy happiness, but the old saying seems to be supported by research. Many people still stick to the belief that gaining riches will be the answer to all their problems, yet they are probably mistaken.
Studies have been carried out on people who acquired sudden wealth, such as lottery winners. In most cases, after the initial joy had worn off, people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness. 58 Previously contented people continue to be contented, while those who were miserable before sink back into misery.
If material wealth does not bring happiness, then what does Perhaps happiness has something to do with where you live. The authorities at the World Database on Happiness have surveyed levels of happiness in different countries. Other surveys consistently point to the importance of relationships. 59 The Web site suggests that falling in love and having children are two of the situations that bring the greatest happiness.
60 People increasingly spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet rather than spending time with family. Can technology truly make people happy It is too difficult to tell, but one thing is sure: If the Web site's research is accurate, time spent with your family is a better investment than time spent making money.
第Ⅱ卷（共26分）
IV. Translation
Section A
Directions: Complete the following sentences in English according to the sentences given in Chinese.
61. We shouldn't ignore______________ the economy has on society.
我们不应忽视经济对社会的潜在影响。
62. ______________lack of sleep, poor nutrition and lack of exercise are not conducive to the healthy development of teenagers.
证据表明, 睡眠不足、营养不良和缺乏锻炼都不利于青少年的健康成长。
Section B
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
63. 为了加快进度, 工人们埋头苦干。（bury）
64. 教师致力于培养孩子的创新能力, 这是教书育人的重要使命之一。（which）
65. 令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。（despite）
V. 66. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in about 100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是启明中学高二学生李明。你的笔友约翰近日发邮件和你说, 他拟使用数字化学习工具来辅助完成作业, 想听取你的意见。请回复电子邮件给笔友, 内容须包含:
1. 对此做法的态度;
2. 结合个人经历给出你的理由。
（文章中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名）
黄浦区 2023 学年第一学期高二年级期终调研测试
英语试卷参考答案
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
1-5 BCDCC 6-9 BCAD
Section B
10-12 DCD 13-15 CBD
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
16. are making/have been making 17. which 18. because 19. written
20. those /ones 21. a/into 22. transfer 23. stronger
Section B
24. expose 25. global 26. frequent 27. impression 28. desperate
29. employer（s）
Section C
30-33 DCTH 34-37 EBAG
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A 38-41 CBCD 42-45 ABAC 46-49 BCAC
Section B 50-53 DBDC 54-56 DCC
Section C 57-60 EACB
IV. Translation
Section A
61. the potential impact/influence/effect
62. Proof shows（that）/ Evidence shows（that）/ It has been proved that
Section B
63. The workers buried themselves / are buried in hard work in order to speed up（the progress）.
In order to speed up（the progress）, the workers buried themselves /are buried in hard work.
64. Teachers are devoted/committed to cultivating children's innovative ability, which is one of the important missions/tasks of teaching and educating people.
65. What made us moved/touched a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road.
What moved/touched us a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult /rough road.
英语试卷
2024.1
（时间:100分钟 总分:100分）
第Ⅰ卷（共74分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Father and daughter. B. Manager and secretary.
C. Husband and wife. D. Salesman and customer.
2. A. In a bank. B. In a library.
C. In a bookstore. D. In a post office.
3. A. A fitness coach. B. A club consultant.
C. A school teacher. D. A shop assistant.
4. A. Choose a less challenging class. B. Consider making some progress.
C. Continue his swimming class. D. Persevere in saving time and effort.
5. A. About 30 minutes. B. About an hour.
C. About 90 minutes. D. About two hours.
6. A. He doesn't play tennis or golf in winter. B. He won't miss any chance of skiing in winter.
C. He keeps energetic by playing tennis every day. D. He seems to be keen on all kinds of sports.
7. A. Enjoy his campus life. B. Give up hard assignments.
C. Set a term goal for himself. D. Release academic pressure.
8. A. He is wet all over. B. He is totally worn out.
C. He walked a long distance. D. He lost his umbrella.
9. A. The man will go to the airport by taxi. B. The man is asking the woman for help.
C. The man really likes taking buses. D. The man's car has broken down.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 10 through 12 are based on the following passage.
10. A. A creator. B. A re-creator. C. A performer. D. A receiver.
11. A. To identify the directions. B. To ensure a pleasant journey.
C. To concentrate on driving. D. To create a dreamlike atmosphere.
12. A. The different types of music. B. The various roles of music.
C. The focused occasions of music. D. The ways to experience music.
Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following conversation.
13. A. She was long dreaming of going to Africa.
B. She thought working as a travel agent was tough.
C. She was tired of her lifestyle at that time.
D. She didn't want to travel to Africa any more.
14. A. She taught local students the basics of the language.
B. She trained local farmers how to market their crops.
C. She taught local children culture and economies.
D. She trained local people how to work as nurses.
15. A. They are talking about Africa customs and culture.
B. The man is probably the leader of volunteers
C. The volunteer team's main job was to train local farmers.
D. The 4-week training course helped the volunteers a lot.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Information Society
Once upon a time societies were organized around religion, farming, trade or industry. In many parts of the world today this is still true, but something else is becoming more important -the exchange of information and the technology that we use to do this. Twenty-four-hour news, e-commerce, international call centres, mobile phones, positioning systems…all these（16）______________（make）the world smaller and faster.
The growth in telecommunications is now giving more and more people access to the science that will help their country to develop or to the medical knowledge that can fight disease. The world is becoming more and more like a village,（17）_____________people only dreamed of a generation ago.
But how can everybody in the world share the recent technological advances Millions of people cannot read these words（18）_____________they don't have access to a computer. They don't understand English either, the language that around half of the information on the Internet is（19）_____________（write）in. They don't even have a telephone. They are more worried about how far they will have to walk today to get clean water or if they can feed themselves and their families. For most people on this planet, information is not a priority.
The contrast between countries that have information technology and（20）_____________that don't is called the ‘digital divide’. Scandinavia and South East Asia have a high number of people who use information communication technologies（ICT）. Central Africa and the Pacific have relatively very few.
The United Nations is trying to make the information society（21）_____________reality for more of the developing world. It wants to see rich countries（22）_____________（transfer）new technology and knowledge to poorer nations. This will improve medical care and education, science and agriculture, business opportunities and employment. At the same time, they say, local communities, languages and cultures will become much（23）_____________（strong）.
Section B
Directions: Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.
24. Peter did not want to_____________ his fears and insecurity to anyone. （exposure）
25. Rich industrialized countries have sown the seeds of_____________ warming. （globe）
26. The dancer gives_____________ performances of her work, both at home and abroad. （frequency）
27. The headmaster's inspiring speech left a lasting_____________ on all the students. （impress）
28. Giving a helping hand to those who are_____________ for help can make our society more harmonious. （desperation）
29. Gainful employment means that the employee receives steady work and payment from the_____________.（employ）
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. majoring B. enrollment C. prerecorded D. transported E. experienceF. unbelievable G. competitive H. measuring I. acquisition
Learning New Languages through VR Visits
On a Friday morning in November（2017）in Houston, Texas, a group of 12 Rice University undergraduates in Jayoung Song's second-year Korean language class took out their smartphones, opened the YouTube app and fastened their phones to virtual-reality headsets. Within seconds, they were 30 to a typical café in Seoul, South Korea and were encouraged to begin a situational conversation with Korean peers, whose statements and questions had been 31
This is the way the innovative world of language 32 is going as virtual-reality learning videos enter the classroom and provide students with the closest thing to real-life situation that they could possibly get.
"A lot of literature says that it is really important to be exposed to the language and culture in order to succeed in language learning," said Song, a lecturer of Korean whose papers focused on comparing a face-to-face and virtual-world environment for 33 second-language learners' interactional competence. "But technically, it would be bard for students to go to Korea and learn Korean there, so I wanted to bring that setting to the classroom so that students can 34 it with the virtual-reality glasses and their cellphones."
Song is one of the first instructors in the university's School of Humanities' Center for Languages and Intercultural Communication to incorporate the technology in her classroom.
In recent years, 35 for Korean language classes at Rice has doubled to more than 100 students per year. A key driver, according to Song, is South Korea's export of pop culture, fueled by the popularity of Korean pop（K-pop）music and videos on YouTube and serialized TV K-dramas.
Other virtual-reality scenarios that Song's students engage in include shopping in a supermarket, traveling on the subway and visiting a doctor's office.
"This local setting…really gives it the real-life situation experience of learning language and culture," said Siyu Geng, a senior 36 in mathematical economic analysis.
"The world is getting into a multilingual and multicultural era," Song said. "In this time, it's very useful to learn foreign language and culture to become 37 professionals in this linguistically and culturally diverse world."
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Pill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
By 2030, 60 percent of the world's population is expected to live in big cities. How all those people live, and what their lives are like, will 38 important choices leaders make today and in the coming years.
Technology has the power to help people live in communities that are more 39 to their needs and that can actually improve their lives. For example, Beijing, troubled by air pollution, is testing a 23-foot-tall air 40 that cleans up smog, filters the bad particles（微粒）and releases clear air.
This isn't a vision of life in the family comedy The Jetsons. It's real urban communities responding in real-time to changing weather, times of day and citizen needs. These efforts can cover entire communities. They can vary from monitoring traffic to keeping cars moving efficiently or measuring air 41 to warn residents when pollution levels climb.
Using data and electronic sensors in this way is often 42 as building "smart cities," which are the subject of a major push to improve how cities function. In part a response to unreasonable infrastructure（基础设施）design and urban planning of the past, smart cities 43 real-time monitoring, analysis and improvement of city decision-making. The results, supporters say, will improve efficiency, environmental sustainability and citizen engagement.
Smart city projects are big investments that are supposed to drive social 44 Decisions made early in the 45 determine what exactly will change. But most research and planning regarding smart cities is driven by the technology, 46 the needs of the citizens. Little attention is given to the social, policy and organizational changes that will be required to ensure smart cities are not just technologically comprehensive but intelligently 47 to their residents' needs. Design will make the difference between smart city projects offering great prospect or actually increasing or even widening the existing gaps in unequal ways their cities serve residents.
A key 48 of smart cities is that they create efficiency. Well-designed technology tools can 49 government agencies, the environment and residents. Smart cities can improve the efficiency of city services by finding ways to save money and streamlining workers' responsibilities. The results can provide higher-quality at lower cost.
38. A. take over B. consist of C. depend on D. lean towards
39. A. available B. responsive C. constant D. considerable
40. A. container B. refrigerator C. purifier D. accelerator
41. A. quantity B. resistance C. concentration D. quality
42. A. referred to B. made for C. logged in D. blamed for
43. A. construct B. promise C. disturb D. reflect
44. A. transformation B. cooperation C. productivity D. regulation
45. A. position B. shape C. process D. intention
46. A. in spite of B. rather than C. in place of D. so long as
47. A. sustainable B. equivalent C. adaptive D. substantial
48. A. feature B. entrance C. ingredient D. passion
49. A. represent B. exhaust C. benefit D. approve
Section B
Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
（A）
A culture that values achievement and progress will discourage people from "wasting" time. In religious societies, customs specify times of the day, week, or year for prayer and religious celebrations. If an individual tries to make an appointment during a sacred holiday, he or she could unknowingly offend a religious person. Social manners determine appropriate times for visit, meetings, and even phone calls.
Punctuality is important in American business, academic and social settings. The importance of punctuality is taught to young children in school. People who keep appointments are considered dependable. If people are late to job interviews, appointments or classes, they are often viewed as unreliable and irresponsible. In the business world, "time is money" and companies may fine their executives for being late to business meetings. Of course, it was not always possible to be punctual. Social and business manners also provide rules for late arrivals. Calling on the telephone if one is going to be more than a few minutes late for scheduled appointments is considered polite and is often expected. Keeping a date or a friend waiting beyond ten to twenty minutes is considered rude. On the other hand, arriving thirty minutes late to some parties is acceptable.
Respecting deadlines is also important in academic and professional circles. It is expected that deadlines for class assignments or business reports will be met. Whether it is a question of arriving on time or of meeting a deadline, people are culturally conditioned to regulate time.
Time is tangible; one can "gain time", "spend time", "waste time", "save time", or even "kill time"! The treatment of time as a possession influences the way time is carefully divided. Generally, Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. Visitors who "drop by" without prior notice may interrupt their host's personal time. Thus, calling friends on the telephone before visiting them is generally preferred to visitors "dropping by". To accommodate other people's schedules. Americans make business plans and social engagements several days or weeks in advance.
50. Who are considered reliable and responsible according to the passage
A. People who make appointments during sacred holidays.
B. People who always have good plans and save time.
C. People who would not like to disturb others
D. People who are punctual for appointments
51. The word "tangible" in Paragraph 4 can be best replaced by___________ according to the passage.
A. limited B. flexible C. valuable D. material
52. Which of the following statements about American social life is TRUE
A. Americans treat time so carefully as to bear unexpected interruption.
B. Americans visit their friends without noticing them in advance.
C. Americans prefer being visited to being called on the telephone.
D. Americans make business plans and social engagements beforehand.
53. What is this passage mainly concerned with
A. How Americans have a future orientation.
B. How Americans are influenced by their religion.
C. How time is regulated and perceived in the US.
D. How achievement and progress are valued in the US.
（B）
Top Scientists Take Sides
Famous Inducers（Experiment> ）Gregor Mendel（1822-1884）Mendel spent years recording variations in the appearance of peas and other living things. By analysing this data, he identified mathematical laws that govern genetics. Alexander Fleming（1881-1955）While studying bacteria, Fleming observed that bread mold（霉）could kill bacteria harmful to human health. This led him to discover penicillin, the first effective antibiotic. Ernest Rutherford（1871-1937）During an experiment, Rutherford noted that energetic particles could pass easily through thin metal foil（箔）. From this evidence he formulated a scientific law: the atom is mostly empty space. Famous Deducers（Theory> Experiment）Isaac Newton（1643-1727）Inspired by the motion of falling objects（but probably not an apple!）Newton proposed that all objects attract each other. Only later did he perform calculations to prove that his idea, "universal gravitation," was true. Democritus（c. 460-370 B.C. ）Based on philosophical principles, Democritus argued that a material cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever; he called its smallest possible unit an "atom." Democritus had no means to test his theory. But later experimenters proved atoms are real. Alfred Wegener（1880-1930）Noticing the interlockable shapes of the continents, Wegener made the bold proposal that Earth's land masses began as a single, giant continent. Over many years, many disciplines including geology and fossilology would finally prove that his theory of "continental drift" is accurate.
54. Which of the following best define "Inducers" and "Deducers" according to the poster
A. Inducers are those who arrive at a conclusion based on theories.
B. Inducers prefer to make experiments to prove some relative theories.
C. Deducers usually do more experiments than develop theories.
D. Deducers tend to arrive at a conclusion by reasoning or inference.
55. Which of the following is True according to the poster
A. Mendel recognised mathematical laws governing genetics by farming.
B. Newton proposed the idea "universal gravitation" by observing the falling of apples.
C. It was Fleming who made the discovery of the first effective antibiotic.
D. Alfred Wegener created the theory of "continental drift" after he found rich evidence.
56. Where can this poster most probably be seen
A. In a university lecture. B. In a physics textbook.
C. In a science magazine. D. In an advertisement.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. In fact, they tended to return to the way they felt before they became rich.B. Nowadays people look to technology as an alternative source of satisfaction. C. Family relationships in particular seem to be the key to long-term contentment. D. You can't buy happiness but it looks like you can at least inherit it, some researchers said. E. The database makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment. F. An important implication is that personality traits of being outgoing and reliable provide a resource that drives future happiness.
Can Happiness Be Bought
There is a Web site called the "World Database of Happiness". It combines and analyzes the results of hundreds of surveys from around the world that have been conducted on life satisfaction. Most of the findings are predictable, but a few are surprising.
57 it is quite common to say that money can't buy happiness, but the old saying seems to be supported by research. Many people still stick to the belief that gaining riches will be the answer to all their problems, yet they are probably mistaken.
Studies have been carried out on people who acquired sudden wealth, such as lottery winners. In most cases, after the initial joy had worn off, people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness. 58 Previously contented people continue to be contented, while those who were miserable before sink back into misery.
If material wealth does not bring happiness, then what does Perhaps happiness has something to do with where you live. The authorities at the World Database on Happiness have surveyed levels of happiness in different countries. Other surveys consistently point to the importance of relationships. 59 The Web site suggests that falling in love and having children are two of the situations that bring the greatest happiness.
60 People increasingly spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet rather than spending time with family. Can technology truly make people happy It is too difficult to tell, but one thing is sure: If the Web site's research is accurate, time spent with your family is a better investment than time spent making money.
第Ⅱ卷（共26分）
IV. Translation
Section A
Directions: Complete the following sentences in English according to the sentences given in Chinese.
61. We shouldn't ignore______________ the economy has on society.
我们不应忽视经济对社会的潜在影响。
62. ______________lack of sleep, poor nutrition and lack of exercise are not conducive to the healthy development of teenagers.
证据表明, 睡眠不足、营养不良和缺乏锻炼都不利于青少年的健康成长。
Section B
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
63. 为了加快进度, 工人们埋头苦干。（bury）
64. 教师致力于培养孩子的创新能力, 这是教书育人的重要使命之一。（which）
65. 令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。（despite）
V. 66. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in about 100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是启明中学高二学生李明。你的笔友约翰近日发邮件和你说, 他拟使用数字化学习工具来辅助完成作业, 想听取你的意见。请回复电子邮件给笔友, 内容须包含:
1. 对此做法的态度;
2. 结合个人经历给出你的理由。
（文章中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名）
黄浦区 2023 学年第一学期高二年级期终调研测试
英语试卷参考答案
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
1-5 BCDCC 6-9 BCAD
Section B
10-12 DCD 13-15 CBD
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
16. are making/have been making 17. which 18. because 19. written
20. those /ones 21. a/into 22. transfer 23. stronger
Section B
24. expose 25. global 26. frequent 27. impression 28. desperate
29. employer（s）
Section C
30-33 DCTH 34-37 EBAG
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A 38-41 CBCD 42-45 ABAC 46-49 BCAC
Section B 50-53 DBDC 54-56 DCC
Section C 57-60 EACB
IV. Translation
Section A
61. the potential impact/influence/effect
62. Proof shows（that）/ Evidence shows（that）/ It has been proved that
Section B
63. The workers buried themselves / are buried in hard work in order to speed up（the progress）.
In order to speed up（the progress）, the workers buried themselves /are buried in hard work.
64. Teachers are devoted/committed to cultivating children's innovative ability, which is one of the important missions/tasks of teaching and educating people.
65. What made us moved/touched a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road.
What moved/touched us a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult /rough road.
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