【高考真题】2024年高考英语真题试卷（全国甲卷）
第二部分
一、阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880 -1990: Into the Light.
Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates(无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft(手工艺)materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom-PomMaking
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit(编织).
1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.
B．It offers art courses for all ages.
C．It presents recreational activities.
D．It is a major tourist attraction.
2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A．Light Awash in Watercolor.
B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C．Wheel Throwing.
D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.
3．What can you do together with Javier Marin
A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts.
C．Visit a local museum D．Feed invertebrates.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；其他节日
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 文章介绍了哈佛大学的年度艺术庆典ARTS FIRST，这是一个展示哈佛艺术社区创造力的独特年度庆祝活动。庆典通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动等形式，向公众展示哈佛艺术社区的创造力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题这种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的" We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力"，可知关于ARTS FIRST，我们知道它提供娱乐活动，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一个小标题"Light Awash in Watercolor"下的"Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880 -1990: Into the Light在即将到来的‘'美国水彩画，1880 -1990：进入光'展览中，你可以尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧 "，可知与画画有关的是Light Awash in Watercolor项目，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的"Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity"下的"Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft(手工艺)materials加入哈佛自然历史博物馆的Javier Marin，学习昆虫和其他无脊椎动物如何跳舞，启发时尚和创造艺术，同时用工艺材料制作自己的无骨气艺术家"，可知和Javier Marin可以一起做手工，故选B。
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it!
4．What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph
A．It's a survival skill. B．It's taught by mother cats.
C．It's hard to interpret. D．It's getting louder with age.
5．How does a pet cat assess different situations
A．By listening for sounds.
B．By touching familiar objects.
C．By checking on smells.
D．By communicating with other cats.
6．Which best explains the phrase "take ... up notch" in paragraph 3
A．Perform appropriately. B．Move faster.
C．Act strangely. D．Do better.
7．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B．Understanding Your Cat's Behavior
C．Have Fun with Your Cat
D．How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了猫咪的几种独特表达方式和它们高度敏锐的感官。首先，文章指出猫咪拥有出色的发声能力，它们能够通过不同的喵喵声与人类进行交流，并表达各种需求，如饥饿或寻求关爱。接着，文章描述了猫咪敏锐的嗅觉，它们通过嗅觉来评估环境和寻找危险信号，同时也利用嗅觉来识别和记住熟悉的气味，如主人的气味。最后，文章提到猫咪会模仿其他捕食者的习性，将外界发现的随机物品带回给主人，作为对主人的爱的表达。整篇文章突出了猫咪作为宠物的独特性和它们与人类之间深厚的情感联系。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推理判断题题、词义猜测题、和主旨大意题都是常考题型。推理判断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨大意题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护"，可知猫的喵喵叫是一种生存技能，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells然而，猫能够区分不同情况的另一种方式是寻找熟悉的气味"，可知宠物猫通过辨别气味评估不同的情况，故选C。
6．词义猜测题，根据划线词后句"Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人"和"Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time猫会给它们的主人带礼物来表达它们对你的爱。这些可爱的小猎人只是在做一些从一开始就存在于他们本性中的事情"，可知"take ... up notch"大意是"做得更好，更进一步"，故选D。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合段落中反复提到的关键词cats，以及第二段首句"Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive猫有许多敏锐的感官，但它们的嗅觉令人印象深刻"和第三段首句"Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名，但猫将这种行为提升了一个档次"，可知本文主要着重理解猫的各种行为，故选B。
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers -it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.
"People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning," says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions(区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. "I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned," says Ducke. " They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. "
8．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains
A．It runs across countries.
B．It reserves seats for the seniors.
C．It functions as a hospital.
D．It travels along a river.
9．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk
A．It is heavily populated.
B．It offers training for doctors.
C．It is a modern city.
D．It needs medical aid.
10．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply
A．About a year. B．About ten months.
C．About two months. D．About two weeks.
11．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．D
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 《圣卢卡斯》号医疗列车是俄罗斯政府专为偏远小镇提供的医疗服务。列车不搭载普通乘客，只为病人提供服务。医生和护士在每个停留站为乡村居民提供基本的医疗检查和药品，每次停留约两天。这是俄罗斯政府为解决偏远地区医疗问题而采取的措施之一。列车每年在多个站点停留，为当地居民提供治疗机会。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的" Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions每一站平均停留两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士向农村人口(乡村)提供基本医疗服务、x光扫描和处方"，可知圣卢卡斯和其他火车的区别在于它的功能是医院，故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据"The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生到克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医"，可知 Krasnoyarsk也需要医疗救助，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock每年有10个月的时间，火车在两周内停在大约8个车站，然后返回地区首府加油和补充物资"，可知圣卢卡斯一次补给能维持两星期时间，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Ducke的原话"I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned我对医生和他们的助手印象深刻，他们在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关心"和"They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会"，可知达克对圣卢卡斯的服务持感激的态度，故选A。
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
"I didn't like the ending," I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end - that's hard. It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters.
That's why this issue (期)of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won't tell you what your ending should be - that's up to you and the story you're telling - but it might provide what you need to get there.
12．Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie
A．To discuss a novel. B．To submit a book report.
C．To argue for a writer. D．To ask for a reading list.
13．What did the author realize after seeing Prof Gracie
A．Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B．Readers are often carried away by characters
C．Each type of literature has its unique ending
D．A story which begins well will end well
14．What is expected of a good ending
A．It satisfies readers' taste.
B．It fits with the story development.
C．It is usually positive.
D．It is open for imagination.
15．Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims
A．To give examples of great novelists.
B．To stress the theme of this issue.
C．To encourage writing for the magazine.
D．To recommend their new books.
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．B
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 文章主要讲述作者在大学时读了一本维多利亚时代的小说，对结局不满意。教授Gracie建议作者理解一个结局是否符合角色的命运和故事逻辑更重要。这次经历让作者重新思考了如何看待故事结局。之后，作者学会了根据偏好选择不同类型的书籍来阅读。但作家创作一个合适的结局很难，因为结局对读者意义重大。《作家文摘》这期讨论了如何为不同故事创作最佳结局，提供了技巧和经典小说结局的分析，帮助作家找到创作方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not当时我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，读到结尾我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下，不要只看我喜不喜欢"，可知作者去找格雷西教授是为了讨论一本小说的结局，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段最后的" Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them当然，我更希望汤姆和玛吉·特利佛有一个不同的结局，但他们得到的结局对他们来说是最合理的"和第二段"This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一本悬疑小说。一种是我知道会发生什么，历史小说。选择读什么变得更容易了"，可知见过格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种文学都有其独特的结局，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters这对作家来说很难，因为结局对读者来说太重要了。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局，但似乎不是凭空而来的，一个适合角色的结局"，可知一个好的结局需要平衡创造性和不可预测性，同时又不能显得突兀，还需要符合角色的发展，故选B。
15．推理判断题。由第四段"That's why this issue (期)of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work这就是为什么本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在做的任何一种写作写出最好的结局。如果是短篇小说，Peter Mountford给出了六种技巧，你可以试着看看哪一种能帮助你坚持着落。伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看它们包含了什么关键点，以及你如何将它们改编成你的作品"，可知作者提到Peter Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期《Writer's Digest》杂志的主题，即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好的结尾，故选B。
二、第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2024·全国甲卷）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is moderation(适度) Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 16． But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 17． It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 18．
Control emotional(情绪的)eating. 19． Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
20． A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢)，while eating small， healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 -16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】16．F；17．C；18．E；19．B；20．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了什么是适度饮食（moderation），即只吃身体所需的食物量，并在饭后感到满足但不过饱。 同时给出了几个关于如何做到适度饮食的建议。
A. 全天合理饮食。
B. 我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西。
C. 不要在上班的路上吞下饭。
D. 我们大多数人需要把食量加倍。
E. 相反，让自己置身于健康的选择之中。
F. 对我们中的许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少。
G. 这不会导致欺骗或放弃你的新饮食计划。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．根据空格后句"But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love但这并不意味着要和你喜欢的食物说再见"中的转折连词But，可知空格处应是与后句意义相反，选项F"For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now对我们中的许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少"符合句意，即"比现在吃得少并不意味着要和你喜欢的食物说再见"，故选F。
17．根据段落小标题"Take your time慢慢来"和空格后的"It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full实际上，你的大脑需要几分钟的时间来告诉你的身体它已经吃饱了，所以慢慢吃，在你感觉饱之前停止进食"，可知空格空格处应是与吃饭速度有关，这与选项C"Don't swallow a meal on the way to work不要在上班的路上吞下饭"意思相关，表明作者不建议在上班路上吃饭，故选C。
18．选项E"Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices相反，让自己置身于健康的选择之中"与上句话"It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了"由Instead（意"相反"）连接，其后的内容与前句话意思想法，使上下文衔接，故选E。
19．根据段落小标题"Control emotional(情绪的)eating控制情绪化进食"和空格后句"Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings我们中的许多人也求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊。但是通过学习更健康的方式来管理情绪，你可以重新控制你吃的食物和你的感觉"中的"also也"，可知空格处应是提到一种也应该避免的饮食方式，这与选项B"We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西"意义一致，故选B。
20．段落小标题位置。根据段落中的" A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢)，while eating small， healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 -16 hours until breakfast the next morning一顿健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛。尽量早点吃晚餐，禁食14 -16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐"，可知这与选项A"Eat properly throughout the day全天合理饮食"意义一致，故选A。
第三部分
三、语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分) 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the 21． to help my grandmother wash dishes. 22． my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood.
Born just before WWI, my grandmother 23． an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to 24． . Like in typical families, where boys were 25． much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do 26． . The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to 27． was when her brother was having Chinese 28． with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening 29． . This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down一 a skill that has turned out to be quite 30． ，especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then，and her brother would go to the 31． . There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 32． while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 33． — her ability to open her 34． underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
My childhood is quite 35． compared with hers. I am 36． that I did not need to 37． the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 38． . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 39． to: her stories always make my history textbooks 40． .
21．A． sitting room B． kitchen
C． yard D． dining hall
22．A．As always B．By the way
C．For example D． Here and now
23．A．adjusted B． promoted C． achieved D．experienced
24．A．work B．school C． court D．press
25．A． favored B． tolerated C． trusted D．acknowledged
26．A． gardening B． homework C． business D．housework
27．A． exercise B． study C． explore D．teach
28．A．food B． guests C． lessons D．tea
29．A． closely B． directly C． nervously D．freely
30．A．professional B． awkward C．simple D． practical
31．A．market B．mountain C． beach D． class
32．A．secret B． breath C． view D．tongue
33．A．admire B． notice C． adopt D．value
34．A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms
35．A． difficult B． complex C． happy D．similar
36．A． grateful B． surprised C． convinced D．regretful
37．A．reflect upon B． go through C． ask about D．prepare for
38．A． unemployment B． health C． education D．communication
39．A． attend B． refer C． lead D．talk
40．A． come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．D；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．C；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．C；36．A；37．B；38．C；39．D；40．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一天家庭聚餐时，我和祖母在厨房洗碗，她给我讲述了她的童年故事。祖母出生在一战前，她的童年与我很不一样。她没有机会上学，只能在家做家务，但会在哥哥学中文时偷听学习。她还会和哥哥去海边，能在水下长时间保持呼吸。我的童年很幸福，没有经历过祖母那样的艰辛。祖母的故事使我觉得她很了不起，也让我的历史书更加有趣。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：当大人们在外面忙着严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。A. sitting room客厅；B. kitchen厨房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐厅。根据后句中的"help my grandmother wash dishes帮我奶奶洗碗"，可知作者和奶奶在厨房，故选B。
22．句意：像往常一样，我的祖母会给我讲她童年的故事。A. As always像往常一样；B. By the way顺便说一下；C. For example比如；D. Here and now此时此地。根据空后的"my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood我祖母会给我讲她童年的故事"，结合后文，可知奶奶会像往常一样，给我讲她童年的故事，故选A。
23．句意：我的祖母出生在第一次世界大战之前，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. promoted提升；C. achieved实现；D. experienced经历。根据后文"I am16 that I did not need to17 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of18 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to19 to: her stories always make my history textbooks20 "，结合选项，可知作者的童年生活与奶奶的童年经历大不相同，故选D。
24．句意：她没有机会上学。A. work工作；B. school学校；C. court法院；D. press出版社。根据下文"The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to7 was when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor"，可知奶奶没机会上学，故选B。
25．句意：就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favored受到优待的，受宠的；B. tolerated容忍的；C. trusted信任的；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文"The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to7 was when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor"，可知奶奶的兄弟可以上学，而奶奶不能，所以那个时代，男孩子在家里是受到青睐的，故选A。
26．句意：就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. gardening园艺；B. homework作业；C. business生意；D. housework家务。根据上文" She did not have a chance to go to 4"，可知奶奶没机会上学，只能在家做家务，故选D。
27．句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是她哥哥和家庭教师一起上中文课的时候。A. exercise练习；B. study学习；C. explore探索；D. teach教。根据后半句"when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor"，可知此处是指奶奶的兄弟和家庭教师一起上中文课的时候，奶奶才有学习的机会，故选B。
28．句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是她哥哥和家庭教师一起上中文课的时候。A. food食物；B. guests客人；C. lessons课；D. tea茶。根据空格后的"with the family tutor"，可知此处是指和家庭教师上中文课，故选C。
29．句意：她会静静地坐在长长的餐桌的另一头，仔细地听着。A. closely仔细地；B. directly直接地；C. nervously紧张地；D. freely自由地。根据"This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down一 a skill that has turned out to be quite10 ，especially whenever we share the newspaper"，可知奶奶听得很仔细认真，故选A。
30．句意：这个训练教会了她读和写倒过来的中文一这个技能被证明是非常实用的，特别是当我们分享报纸的时候。A. professional专业的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. simple简单的；D. practical实际的。根据"especially whenever we share the newspaper尤其是当我们共用报纸的时候"，可知奶奶倒过来读写的技能很实用，故选D。
31．句意：在大多数周末，我的祖母，一个年轻的女孩，和她的哥哥会去海滩。A. market市场；B. mountain山；C. beach海滩；D. class班级。根据"There, they would walk through deep water在那里，他们会穿过深水"，可知奶奶和兄弟去海滩，故选C。
32．句意：在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view观点；D. tongue舌头。根据上下文"There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿在水下坐下"，可知去水下，需要屏住呼吸，故选B。
33．句意：我很欣赏她在水下睁开眼睛，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire欣赏；B. notice注意；C. adopt采纳；D. value珍惜。根据破折号后的"her ability to open her 14 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed"，可知作者很羡慕奶奶可以在水下可以睁眼的能力，故选A。
34．句意：我很欣赏她在水下睁开眼睛，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. mouth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根据"while they watched all action going on around them他们看着周围发生的一切"，可知奶奶在水下睁着眼睛看周围的一切，故选C。
35．句意：与她的童年相比，我的童年要快乐得多。A. difficult困难的；B. complex复杂的；C. happy高兴的；D. similar相似的。根据" I am 16 that I did not need to 17 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 18 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 19 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 20"，可知作者很高兴没有经历奶奶经历过的困难，故选C。
36．句意：我很感激我没有像她那样经历苦难。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. convinced信服的；D. regretful后悔的。根据空格后的"the hardships like she did像她一样的艰辛"，结合选项，可知此处指作者很感激不需要像奶奶那样经历苦难，故选A。
37．句意：我很感激我没有像她那样经历苦难。A. reflect upon反思；B. go through经历；C. ask about询问；D.prepare for准备。根据空格后的"the hardships like she did像她一样的艰辛"，结合选项，可知此处指作者不需要像奶奶那样经历苦难，故选B。
38．句意：我从来没有遇到过教育的问题。A. unemployment失业；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. communication交流。根据上文，可知奶奶没上过学，而作者从来不用面对教育的问题，故选C。
39．句意：我想我们不同的童年背景使我的祖母成为一个如此令人惊奇的人：她的故事总是使我的历史教科书生动起来。A. attend参加；B. refer提到；C. lead带领；D. talk交谈。根据后半句中的"her stories"，可知奶奶经常给作者讲故事，故选D。
40．句意：我想我们不同的童年背景使我的祖母成为一个如此令人惊奇的人：她的故事总是使我的历史教科书生动起来。A. come true实现；B. come round恢复到以前的状态；C. come out出来；D. come alive活跃起来。结合选项，可知此处是指奶奶的故事让作者在历史课本上学的知识生动起来，故选D。
四、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 41． (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 42． (treasure) of American heritage (遗产).How did the national park system come about On a cool，starry night in mid- September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 43． is now northwestern Wyoming. They 44． (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 45． (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 46． (it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 47． all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 48． ( complete ) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 49． ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50． became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】41．to catch；42．treasures；43．what；44．were；45．be done；46．its；47．for；48．completion；49．largest；50．which
【知识点】说明文；自然地理类
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的国家公园因其巨大和多样性而特别。它们的起源可以追溯到1870年，四位探险家看到怀俄明州西北部的美景后，决定将其保护起来作为国家公园。两年后，黄石公园成为美国第一个国家公园。后来，阿拉斯加的兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯公园成为了面积最大的国家公园。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词、名词、宾语从句、谓语动词、被动语态、代词、介词、形容词最高级和定语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：尽管在任何层面上都存在着各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。tend to do sth是固定短语，意"趋向于做某事"，故填to catch。
42．句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。所给词treasure是可数名词，在句中表示"国家公园是美国传统的瑰宝"，所以应使用复数形式，故填treasures。
43．句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、满天繁星的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。介词in后的宾语从句中缺少主语，应使用连接代词；根据句意，宾语从句中的主语指物，故填what。
44．句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。根据句意，可知句子描述的是发生在过去的事情，所以应使用一般过去时态；they是复数的主语，故填were。
45．句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？情态动词should后应使用动词原形；句子主语what与谓语动词do构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填be done。
46．句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园加以保护，让全国人民都能享受。根据常见结构"形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处应使用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
47．句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园加以保护，让全国人民都能享受。be preserved for是固定短语，意"为……保留"，在句中意"为全国人民保留"，故填for。
48．句意：他们都同意并发誓(承诺)在他们的旅程结束时推广这个想法。根据常见结构"冠词+名词"，可知空格处应使用名词；complete的名词形式completion是不可数的，故填completion。
49．句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据后半句话"Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres"，可知在Wrangell- Saint Elias之前，黄石公园是最大的国家公园，故填largest。
50．句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句子结构，可知此处属于非限制性定语从句；非限制性定语从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词；先行词Wrangell- Saint Elias指物，故填which。
第三部分
五、写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51．（2024·全国甲卷） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. Our fast train was packing with passengers. A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. When we arrived, we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted greatly. The atmosphere here made the meal all the more enjoyed. Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.
【答案】1. but改成and
2.me改成mine
3.packing改成packed
4. A改成An (an attendant)
5.went straight和a 之间 加 to (went straight to a famous)
6.greatly 改成 great (tasted great)
7.here 改成 there
8.enjoyed 改成enjoyable
9.this 去掉(like this in one中的this 去掉)
10.shared改成share
【知识点】日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 上周，我在电视上看到重庆火锅，很感兴趣，就和朋友去了重庆。火车上人多，但有乘务员给我们介绍。到了重庆，我们去了一家火锅店，菜很好吃，氛围也很好。火锅是和家人朋友一起吃，一起分享的食物。
（1）句意：我很好奇，就和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。根据句意，可知句中形容词curious和planned是并列关系，意"我很好奇并且计划了……"，故but改为and。
（2）句意：我很好奇，就和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。a friend of mine是固定短语，意"我的一个朋友"，故me改为mine。
（3）句意：我们的快车上挤满了乘客。根据句意，可知句子主语"Our fast train"和谓语动词"pack"构成被动关系，意"快车被挤满了乘客"，应使用被动语态，故packing改为packed。
（4）句意：一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。attendant是元音开头的单词，所以其前应使用不定冠词an，故A改为An。
（5）句意：当我们到达时，我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆，点了一些菜，味道很好。go to sp是固定短语，意"去某地"；句中"a famous restaurant"是表示地点的名词，不及物动词go后常用介词to，再接表示地点的名词，故went straight和a 之间 加 to。
（6）句意：当我们到达时，我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆，点了一些菜，味道很好。感官动词tasted后应使用形容词，构成"系表结构"，故greatly改为great。
（7）句意：那里的气氛使这顿饭更愉快了。通读全文，可知文章介绍的是发生在上周的事情，所以作者此刻不在文中提到的餐馆，不应该使用here，故here改为there。
（8）句意：这里的气氛使这顿饭更加愉快。根据句意，可知"enjoyed"在句中作宾语补足语，表示"愉快的，愉悦的"，故enjoyed改为enjoyable。
（9）句意：火锅意味着家人和朋友坐在一起，把他们喜欢的东西放在一个锅里，分享友谊和爱。定语从句 they like this中被省略的关系代词that/which指代先行词everything，而从句中的只是代词this指代的也是everything，构成了定语从句中的重复指代，故删除this。
（10）句意：火锅意味着家人和朋友坐在一起，把他们喜欢的东西放在一个锅里，分享友谊和爱。句中的and连接了三个并列的谓语动词，其中的sit和dip都是一般现在时态，故shared改为share。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题涉及非谓语动词、时态、形容词、定语从句、主语从句介词、固定短语的知识点的考查，是一篇应用文，知识点覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52．（2024·全国甲卷） 英语课要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给图片，以 Development of Transport in China为题写一篇发言稿。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.题目和首句已为你写好。
Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development.
【答案】Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. In recent years, we have witnessed remarkable advancements in various modes of transportation.
One such innovation is the shared bicycle, which has revolutionized urban travel. These bicycles are easily accessible and environmentally friendly, encouraging people to adopt a healthier and more sustainable lifestyle. Another significant development is the high-speed rail network. Connecting cities across the country, the high-speed trains offer fast and comfortable travel, significantly reducing travel time. This has greatly enhanced inter-city connectivity and promoted economic development. Moreover, the introduction of new energy vehicles has been a game-changer in the automotive industry. These vehicles run on clean energy, reducing emissions and contributing to a greener environment.
In conclusion, the development of transport in China has brought significant benefits to society, improving convenience, promoting sustainability, and driving economic growth.
【知识点】命题作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文发言稿，要求考生根据所给的三幅关于共享单车、新能源汽车和高铁的图片，以 Development of Transport in China为题写一篇发言稿，介绍我国公共交通的快速发展。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达需要要点齐全，上下文连贯，还需使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时尽可能运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，以提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。可参考使用下列句型和结构，例如：Firstly, shared bicycles have become a popular choice in cities, providing an eco-friendly and cost-effective way to travel short distances和Secondly, the high-speed train network has revolutionized long-distance travel, significantly reducing travel time across the country都运用了非谓语动词短语作状语；The public transport in China, which benefits us a great deal, helps us in various ways 运用了非限制性定语从句；Without shared bicycles，high-speed trains and new energy vehicles，not only would our environment be seriously polluted, but also it would bring much inconvenience to us运用了虚拟语气和部分倒装结构。
1 / 1【高考真题】2024年高考英语真题试卷（全国甲卷）
第二部分
一、阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880 -1990: Into the Light.
Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates(无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft(手工艺)materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom-PomMaking
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit(编织).
1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.
B．It offers art courses for all ages.
C．It presents recreational activities.
D．It is a major tourist attraction.
2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A．Light Awash in Watercolor.
B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C．Wheel Throwing.
D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.
3．What can you do together with Javier Marin
A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts.
C．Visit a local museum D．Feed invertebrates.
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it!
4．What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph
A．It's a survival skill. B．It's taught by mother cats.
C．It's hard to interpret. D．It's getting louder with age.
5．How does a pet cat assess different situations
A．By listening for sounds.
B．By touching familiar objects.
C．By checking on smells.
D．By communicating with other cats.
6．Which best explains the phrase "take ... up notch" in paragraph 3
A．Perform appropriately. B．Move faster.
C．Act strangely. D．Do better.
7．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B．Understanding Your Cat's Behavior
C．Have Fun with Your Cat
D．How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers -it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.
"People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning," says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions(区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. "I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned," says Ducke. " They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. "
8．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains
A．It runs across countries.
B．It reserves seats for the seniors.
C．It functions as a hospital.
D．It travels along a river.
9．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk
A．It is heavily populated.
B．It offers training for doctors.
C．It is a modern city.
D．It needs medical aid.
10．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply
A．About a year. B．About ten months.
C．About two months. D．About two weeks.
11．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.
（2024·全国甲卷） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
"I didn't like the ending," I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end - that's hard. It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters.
That's why this issue (期)of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won't tell you what your ending should be - that's up to you and the story you're telling - but it might provide what you need to get there.
12．Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie
A．To discuss a novel. B．To submit a book report.
C．To argue for a writer. D．To ask for a reading list.
13．What did the author realize after seeing Prof Gracie
A．Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B．Readers are often carried away by characters
C．Each type of literature has its unique ending
D．A story which begins well will end well
14．What is expected of a good ending
A．It satisfies readers' taste.
B．It fits with the story development.
C．It is usually positive.
D．It is open for imagination.
15．Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims
A．To give examples of great novelists.
B．To stress the theme of this issue.
C．To encourage writing for the magazine.
D．To recommend their new books.
二、第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2024·全国甲卷）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is moderation(适度) Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 16． But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 17． It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 18．
Control emotional(情绪的)eating. 19． Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
20． A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢)，while eating small， healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 -16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
第三部分
三、语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分) 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the 21． to help my grandmother wash dishes. 22． my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood.
Born just before WWI, my grandmother 23． an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to 24． . Like in typical families, where boys were 25． much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do 26． . The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to 27． was when her brother was having Chinese 28． with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening 29． . This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down一 a skill that has turned out to be quite 30． ，especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then，and her brother would go to the 31． . There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 32． while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 33． — her ability to open her 34． underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
My childhood is quite 35． compared with hers. I am 36． that I did not need to 37． the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 38． . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 39． to: her stories always make my history textbooks 40． .
21．A． sitting room B． kitchen
C． yard D． dining hall
22．A．As always B．By the way
C．For example D． Here and now
23．A．adjusted B． promoted C． achieved D．experienced
24．A．work B．school C． court D．press
25．A． favored B． tolerated C． trusted D．acknowledged
26．A． gardening B． homework C． business D．housework
27．A． exercise B． study C． explore D．teach
28．A．food B． guests C． lessons D．tea
29．A． closely B． directly C． nervously D．freely
30．A．professional B． awkward C．simple D． practical
31．A．market B．mountain C． beach D． class
32．A．secret B． breath C． view D．tongue
33．A．admire B． notice C． adopt D．value
34．A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms
35．A． difficult B． complex C． happy D．similar
36．A． grateful B． surprised C． convinced D．regretful
37．A．reflect upon B． go through C． ask about D．prepare for
38．A． unemployment B． health C． education D．communication
39．A． attend B． refer C． lead D．talk
40．A． come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive
四、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 41． (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 42． (treasure) of American heritage (遗产).How did the national park system come about On a cool，starry night in mid- September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 43． is now northwestern Wyoming. They 44． (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 45． (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 46． (it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 47． all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 48． ( complete ) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 49． ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50． became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
第三部分
五、写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51．（2024·全国甲卷） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. Our fast train was packing with passengers. A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. When we arrived, we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted greatly. The atmosphere here made the meal all the more enjoyed. Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.
六、第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52．（2024·全国甲卷） 英语课要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给图片，以 Development of Transport in China为题写一篇发言稿。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.题目和首句已为你写好。
Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；其他节日
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 文章介绍了哈佛大学的年度艺术庆典ARTS FIRST，这是一个展示哈佛艺术社区创造力的独特年度庆祝活动。庆典通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动等形式，向公众展示哈佛艺术社区的创造力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题这种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的" We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力"，可知关于ARTS FIRST，我们知道它提供娱乐活动，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一个小标题"Light Awash in Watercolor"下的"Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880 -1990: Into the Light在即将到来的‘'美国水彩画，1880 -1990：进入光'展览中，你可以尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧 "，可知与画画有关的是Light Awash in Watercolor项目，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的"Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity"下的"Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft(手工艺)materials加入哈佛自然历史博物馆的Javier Marin，学习昆虫和其他无脊椎动物如何跳舞，启发时尚和创造艺术，同时用工艺材料制作自己的无骨气艺术家"，可知和Javier Marin可以一起做手工，故选B。
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了猫咪的几种独特表达方式和它们高度敏锐的感官。首先，文章指出猫咪拥有出色的发声能力，它们能够通过不同的喵喵声与人类进行交流，并表达各种需求，如饥饿或寻求关爱。接着，文章描述了猫咪敏锐的嗅觉，它们通过嗅觉来评估环境和寻找危险信号，同时也利用嗅觉来识别和记住熟悉的气味，如主人的气味。最后，文章提到猫咪会模仿其他捕食者的习性，将外界发现的随机物品带回给主人，作为对主人的爱的表达。整篇文章突出了猫咪作为宠物的独特性和它们与人类之间深厚的情感联系。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推理判断题题、词义猜测题、和主旨大意题都是常考题型。推理判断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨大意题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护"，可知猫的喵喵叫是一种生存技能，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells然而，猫能够区分不同情况的另一种方式是寻找熟悉的气味"，可知宠物猫通过辨别气味评估不同的情况，故选C。
6．词义猜测题，根据划线词后句"Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人"和"Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time猫会给它们的主人带礼物来表达它们对你的爱。这些可爱的小猎人只是在做一些从一开始就存在于他们本性中的事情"，可知"take ... up notch"大意是"做得更好，更进一步"，故选D。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合段落中反复提到的关键词cats，以及第二段首句"Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive猫有许多敏锐的感官，但它们的嗅觉令人印象深刻"和第三段首句"Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名，但猫将这种行为提升了一个档次"，可知本文主要着重理解猫的各种行为，故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．D
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 《圣卢卡斯》号医疗列车是俄罗斯政府专为偏远小镇提供的医疗服务。列车不搭载普通乘客，只为病人提供服务。医生和护士在每个停留站为乡村居民提供基本的医疗检查和药品，每次停留约两天。这是俄罗斯政府为解决偏远地区医疗问题而采取的措施之一。列车每年在多个站点停留，为当地居民提供治疗机会。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的" Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions每一站平均停留两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士向农村人口(乡村)提供基本医疗服务、x光扫描和处方"，可知圣卢卡斯和其他火车的区别在于它的功能是医院，故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据"The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生到克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医"，可知 Krasnoyarsk也需要医疗救助，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock每年有10个月的时间，火车在两周内停在大约8个车站，然后返回地区首府加油和补充物资"，可知圣卢卡斯一次补给能维持两星期时间，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Ducke的原话"I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned我对医生和他们的助手印象深刻，他们在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关心"和"They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会"，可知达克对圣卢卡斯的服务持感激的态度，故选A。
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．B
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 文章主要讲述作者在大学时读了一本维多利亚时代的小说，对结局不满意。教授Gracie建议作者理解一个结局是否符合角色的命运和故事逻辑更重要。这次经历让作者重新思考了如何看待故事结局。之后，作者学会了根据偏好选择不同类型的书籍来阅读。但作家创作一个合适的结局很难，因为结局对读者意义重大。《作家文摘》这期讨论了如何为不同故事创作最佳结局，提供了技巧和经典小说结局的分析，帮助作家找到创作方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not当时我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，读到结尾我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下，不要只看我喜不喜欢"，可知作者去找格雷西教授是为了讨论一本小说的结局，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段最后的" Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them当然，我更希望汤姆和玛吉·特利佛有一个不同的结局，但他们得到的结局对他们来说是最合理的"和第二段"This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一本悬疑小说。一种是我知道会发生什么，历史小说。选择读什么变得更容易了"，可知见过格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种文学都有其独特的结局，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters这对作家来说很难，因为结局对读者来说太重要了。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局，但似乎不是凭空而来的，一个适合角色的结局"，可知一个好的结局需要平衡创造性和不可预测性，同时又不能显得突兀，还需要符合角色的发展，故选B。
15．推理判断题。由第四段"That's why this issue (期)of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work这就是为什么本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在做的任何一种写作写出最好的结局。如果是短篇小说，Peter Mountford给出了六种技巧，你可以试着看看哪一种能帮助你坚持着落。伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看它们包含了什么关键点，以及你如何将它们改编成你的作品"，可知作者提到Peter Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期《Writer's Digest》杂志的主题，即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好的结尾，故选B。
【答案】16．F；17．C；18．E；19．B；20．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了什么是适度饮食（moderation），即只吃身体所需的食物量，并在饭后感到满足但不过饱。 同时给出了几个关于如何做到适度饮食的建议。
A. 全天合理饮食。
B. 我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西。
C. 不要在上班的路上吞下饭。
D. 我们大多数人需要把食量加倍。
E. 相反，让自己置身于健康的选择之中。
F. 对我们中的许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少。
G. 这不会导致欺骗或放弃你的新饮食计划。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．根据空格后句"But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love但这并不意味着要和你喜欢的食物说再见"中的转折连词But，可知空格处应是与后句意义相反，选项F"For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now对我们中的许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少"符合句意，即"比现在吃得少并不意味着要和你喜欢的食物说再见"，故选F。
17．根据段落小标题"Take your time慢慢来"和空格后的"It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full实际上，你的大脑需要几分钟的时间来告诉你的身体它已经吃饱了，所以慢慢吃，在你感觉饱之前停止进食"，可知空格空格处应是与吃饭速度有关，这与选项C"Don't swallow a meal on the way to work不要在上班的路上吞下饭"意思相关，表明作者不建议在上班路上吃饭，故选C。
18．选项E"Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices相反，让自己置身于健康的选择之中"与上句话"It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了"由Instead（意"相反"）连接，其后的内容与前句话意思想法，使上下文衔接，故选E。
19．根据段落小标题"Control emotional(情绪的)eating控制情绪化进食"和空格后句"Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings我们中的许多人也求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊。但是通过学习更健康的方式来管理情绪，你可以重新控制你吃的食物和你的感觉"中的"also也"，可知空格处应是提到一种也应该避免的饮食方式，这与选项B"We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西"意义一致，故选B。
20．段落小标题位置。根据段落中的" A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢)，while eating small， healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 -16 hours until breakfast the next morning一顿健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛。尽量早点吃晚餐，禁食14 -16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐"，可知这与选项A"Eat properly throughout the day全天合理饮食"意义一致，故选A。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．D；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．C；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．C；36．A；37．B；38．C；39．D；40．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一天家庭聚餐时，我和祖母在厨房洗碗，她给我讲述了她的童年故事。祖母出生在一战前，她的童年与我很不一样。她没有机会上学，只能在家做家务，但会在哥哥学中文时偷听学习。她还会和哥哥去海边，能在水下长时间保持呼吸。我的童年很幸福，没有经历过祖母那样的艰辛。祖母的故事使我觉得她很了不起，也让我的历史书更加有趣。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：当大人们在外面忙着严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。A. sitting room客厅；B. kitchen厨房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐厅。根据后句中的"help my grandmother wash dishes帮我奶奶洗碗"，可知作者和奶奶在厨房，故选B。
22．句意：像往常一样，我的祖母会给我讲她童年的故事。A. As always像往常一样；B. By the way顺便说一下；C. For example比如；D. Here and now此时此地。根据空后的"my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood我祖母会给我讲她童年的故事"，结合后文，可知奶奶会像往常一样，给我讲她童年的故事，故选A。
23．句意：我的祖母出生在第一次世界大战之前，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. promoted提升；C. achieved实现；D. experienced经历。根据后文"I am16 that I did not need to17 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of18 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to19 to: her stories always make my history textbooks20 "，结合选项，可知作者的童年生活与奶奶的童年经历大不相同，故选D。
24．句意：她没有机会上学。A. work工作；B. school学校；C. court法院；D. press出版社。根据下文"The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to7 was when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor"，可知奶奶没机会上学，故选B。
25．句意：就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favored受到优待的，受宠的；B. tolerated容忍的；C. trusted信任的；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文"The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to7 was when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor"，可知奶奶的兄弟可以上学，而奶奶不能，所以那个时代，男孩子在家里是受到青睐的，故选A。
26．句意：就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. gardening园艺；B. homework作业；C. business生意；D. housework家务。根据上文" She did not have a chance to go to 4"，可知奶奶没机会上学，只能在家做家务，故选D。
27．句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是她哥哥和家庭教师一起上中文课的时候。A. exercise练习；B. study学习；C. explore探索；D. teach教。根据后半句"when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor"，可知此处是指奶奶的兄弟和家庭教师一起上中文课的时候，奶奶才有学习的机会，故选B。
28．句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是她哥哥和家庭教师一起上中文课的时候。A. food食物；B. guests客人；C. lessons课；D. tea茶。根据空格后的"with the family tutor"，可知此处是指和家庭教师上中文课，故选C。
29．句意：她会静静地坐在长长的餐桌的另一头，仔细地听着。A. closely仔细地；B. directly直接地；C. nervously紧张地；D. freely自由地。根据"This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down一 a skill that has turned out to be quite10 ，especially whenever we share the newspaper"，可知奶奶听得很仔细认真，故选A。
30．句意：这个训练教会了她读和写倒过来的中文一这个技能被证明是非常实用的，特别是当我们分享报纸的时候。A. professional专业的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. simple简单的；D. practical实际的。根据"especially whenever we share the newspaper尤其是当我们共用报纸的时候"，可知奶奶倒过来读写的技能很实用，故选D。
31．句意：在大多数周末，我的祖母，一个年轻的女孩，和她的哥哥会去海滩。A. market市场；B. mountain山；C. beach海滩；D. class班级。根据"There, they would walk through deep water在那里，他们会穿过深水"，可知奶奶和兄弟去海滩，故选C。
32．句意：在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view观点；D. tongue舌头。根据上下文"There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿在水下坐下"，可知去水下，需要屏住呼吸，故选B。
33．句意：我很欣赏她在水下睁开眼睛，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire欣赏；B. notice注意；C. adopt采纳；D. value珍惜。根据破折号后的"her ability to open her 14 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed"，可知作者很羡慕奶奶可以在水下可以睁眼的能力，故选A。
34．句意：我很欣赏她在水下睁开眼睛，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. mouth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根据"while they watched all action going on around them他们看着周围发生的一切"，可知奶奶在水下睁着眼睛看周围的一切，故选C。
35．句意：与她的童年相比，我的童年要快乐得多。A. difficult困难的；B. complex复杂的；C. happy高兴的；D. similar相似的。根据" I am 16 that I did not need to 17 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 18 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 19 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 20"，可知作者很高兴没有经历奶奶经历过的困难，故选C。
36．句意：我很感激我没有像她那样经历苦难。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. convinced信服的；D. regretful后悔的。根据空格后的"the hardships like she did像她一样的艰辛"，结合选项，可知此处指作者很感激不需要像奶奶那样经历苦难，故选A。
37．句意：我很感激我没有像她那样经历苦难。A. reflect upon反思；B. go through经历；C. ask about询问；D.prepare for准备。根据空格后的"the hardships like she did像她一样的艰辛"，结合选项，可知此处指作者不需要像奶奶那样经历苦难，故选B。
38．句意：我从来没有遇到过教育的问题。A. unemployment失业；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. communication交流。根据上文，可知奶奶没上过学，而作者从来不用面对教育的问题，故选C。
39．句意：我想我们不同的童年背景使我的祖母成为一个如此令人惊奇的人：她的故事总是使我的历史教科书生动起来。A. attend参加；B. refer提到；C. lead带领；D. talk交谈。根据后半句中的"her stories"，可知奶奶经常给作者讲故事，故选D。
40．句意：我想我们不同的童年背景使我的祖母成为一个如此令人惊奇的人：她的故事总是使我的历史教科书生动起来。A. come true实现；B. come round恢复到以前的状态；C. come out出来；D. come alive活跃起来。结合选项，可知此处是指奶奶的故事让作者在历史课本上学的知识生动起来，故选D。
【答案】41．to catch；42．treasures；43．what；44．were；45．be done；46．its；47．for；48．completion；49．largest；50．which
【知识点】说明文；自然地理类
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的国家公园因其巨大和多样性而特别。它们的起源可以追溯到1870年，四位探险家看到怀俄明州西北部的美景后，决定将其保护起来作为国家公园。两年后，黄石公园成为美国第一个国家公园。后来，阿拉斯加的兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯公园成为了面积最大的国家公园。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词、名词、宾语从句、谓语动词、被动语态、代词、介词、形容词最高级和定语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：尽管在任何层面上都存在着各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。tend to do sth是固定短语，意"趋向于做某事"，故填to catch。
42．句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。所给词treasure是可数名词，在句中表示"国家公园是美国传统的瑰宝"，所以应使用复数形式，故填treasures。
43．句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、满天繁星的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。介词in后的宾语从句中缺少主语，应使用连接代词；根据句意，宾语从句中的主语指物，故填what。
44．句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。根据句意，可知句子描述的是发生在过去的事情，所以应使用一般过去时态；they是复数的主语，故填were。
45．句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？情态动词should后应使用动词原形；句子主语what与谓语动词do构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填be done。
46．句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园加以保护，让全国人民都能享受。根据常见结构"形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处应使用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
47．句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园加以保护，让全国人民都能享受。be preserved for是固定短语，意"为……保留"，在句中意"为全国人民保留"，故填for。
48．句意：他们都同意并发誓(承诺)在他们的旅程结束时推广这个想法。根据常见结构"冠词+名词"，可知空格处应使用名词；complete的名词形式completion是不可数的，故填completion。
49．句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据后半句话"Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres"，可知在Wrangell- Saint Elias之前，黄石公园是最大的国家公园，故填largest。
50．句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句子结构，可知此处属于非限制性定语从句；非限制性定语从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词；先行词Wrangell- Saint Elias指物，故填which。
51．【答案】1. but改成and
2.me改成mine
3.packing改成packed
4. A改成An (an attendant)
5.went straight和a 之间 加 to (went straight to a famous)
6.greatly 改成 great (tasted great)
7.here 改成 there
8.enjoyed 改成enjoyable
9.this 去掉(like this in one中的this 去掉)
10.shared改成share
【知识点】日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 上周，我在电视上看到重庆火锅，很感兴趣，就和朋友去了重庆。火车上人多，但有乘务员给我们介绍。到了重庆，我们去了一家火锅店，菜很好吃，氛围也很好。火锅是和家人朋友一起吃，一起分享的食物。
（1）句意：我很好奇，就和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。根据句意，可知句中形容词curious和planned是并列关系，意"我很好奇并且计划了……"，故but改为and。
（2）句意：我很好奇，就和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。a friend of mine是固定短语，意"我的一个朋友"，故me改为mine。
（3）句意：我们的快车上挤满了乘客。根据句意，可知句子主语"Our fast train"和谓语动词"pack"构成被动关系，意"快车被挤满了乘客"，应使用被动语态，故packing改为packed。
（4）句意：一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。attendant是元音开头的单词，所以其前应使用不定冠词an，故A改为An。
（5）句意：当我们到达时，我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆，点了一些菜，味道很好。go to sp是固定短语，意"去某地"；句中"a famous restaurant"是表示地点的名词，不及物动词go后常用介词to，再接表示地点的名词，故went straight和a 之间 加 to。
（6）句意：当我们到达时，我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆，点了一些菜，味道很好。感官动词tasted后应使用形容词，构成"系表结构"，故greatly改为great。
（7）句意：那里的气氛使这顿饭更愉快了。通读全文，可知文章介绍的是发生在上周的事情，所以作者此刻不在文中提到的餐馆，不应该使用here，故here改为there。
（8）句意：这里的气氛使这顿饭更加愉快。根据句意，可知"enjoyed"在句中作宾语补足语，表示"愉快的，愉悦的"，故enjoyed改为enjoyable。
（9）句意：火锅意味着家人和朋友坐在一起，把他们喜欢的东西放在一个锅里，分享友谊和爱。定语从句 they like this中被省略的关系代词that/which指代先行词everything，而从句中的只是代词this指代的也是everything，构成了定语从句中的重复指代，故删除this。
（10）句意：火锅意味着家人和朋友坐在一起，把他们喜欢的东西放在一个锅里，分享友谊和爱。句中的and连接了三个并列的谓语动词，其中的sit和dip都是一般现在时态，故shared改为share。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题涉及非谓语动词、时态、形容词、定语从句、主语从句介词、固定短语的知识点的考查，是一篇应用文，知识点覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. In recent years, we have witnessed remarkable advancements in various modes of transportation.
One such innovation is the shared bicycle, which has revolutionized urban travel. These bicycles are easily accessible and environmentally friendly, encouraging people to adopt a healthier and more sustainable lifestyle. Another significant development is the high-speed rail network. Connecting cities across the country, the high-speed trains offer fast and comfortable travel, significantly reducing travel time. This has greatly enhanced inter-city connectivity and promoted economic development. Moreover, the introduction of new energy vehicles has been a game-changer in the automotive industry. These vehicles run on clean energy, reducing emissions and contributing to a greener environment.
In conclusion, the development of transport in China has brought significant benefits to society, improving convenience, promoting sustainability, and driving economic growth.
【知识点】命题作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文发言稿，要求考生根据所给的三幅关于共享单车、新能源汽车和高铁的图片，以 Development of Transport in China为题写一篇发言稿，介绍我国公共交通的快速发展。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达需要要点齐全，上下文连贯，还需使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时尽可能运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，以提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。可参考使用下列句型和结构，例如：Firstly, shared bicycles have become a popular choice in cities, providing an eco-friendly and cost-effective way to travel short distances和Secondly, the high-speed train network has revolutionized long-distance travel, significantly reducing travel time across the country都运用了非谓语动词短语作状语；The public transport in China, which benefits us a great deal, helps us in various ways 运用了非限制性定语从句；Without shared bicycles，high-speed trains and new energy vehicles，not only would our environment be seriously polluted, but also it would bring much inconvenience to us运用了虚拟语气和部分倒装结构。
1 / 1
