中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024年高考英语真题(新高考I卷)C篇 解读分析学案
CIs comprehension the same whether a person reads a text on screen or on paper And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material The answers to both questions are often “no.” The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than on screen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple task---like identifying the main idea in a reading passage --- to ones that require mental abstraction --- such as drawing inferences from a text.The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说).” According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies - say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean A. Seem unlikely to last.B. Seem hard to explain.C. Become ready to use.D. Become easy to notice.29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media.30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers A. They can hold students’ attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare.C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text.31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【词汇积累】comprehension n. 理解effective adj. 有效果的concentration n. 注意,专注tendency n. 倾向multitask n. 多任务consume v. 处理,消耗finding n. 结果print n. 印刷品literal adj. 确切的,真实的distinct adj. 不同的shine v. 表现突出propose v. 提出shallow v. 使变浅approach v. 处理devote v. 使用,专注于engaging adj. 吸引人的assign v. 布置(作业、任务)psychologist n. 心理学家demonstrate v. 证明 maximize v. 使最大化reflection n. 深思assume v. 假设,认为identical adj. 完全相同的【短语积累】relate to 和---有关entertainment mindset 娱乐的心态physical properties 物理性质visual geography 可视的地理位置link --- to --- 把---和---联系起来be suited to 适合,合适call for 需要【难句分析】1. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple task---like identifying the main idea in a reading passage --- to ones that require mental abstraction --- such as drawing inferences from a text. (翻译见译文部分)这个句子中when引起的从句的结构:when experimenters move from sth to sth, 其中like 和such as用于举例。2. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. (翻译见译文部分)这个句子中的laying on of hands 是lay hands on (the paper) 的变形, geography 指不同书页在书中的位置。注意:laying on of hands 还要祝福的意思;lay hands on 还有获得、袭击等意思。 3. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. (翻译见译文部分)这个句子基本结构是:people link sth to sth. 其中to的宾语从句how far into the book it was 指的是读到的内容在书里的位置(比如某个章节、页码)。4. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. (翻译见译文部分)这个句子的基本结构是:people approach ---, and devote ---. 注意这个句子中的两个谓语动词approach 和devote 的理解,重在理解结构和语境,不要翻译。
【应试点拨】:1. 对于推测词义题,不论推测单个的词还是词组,或者句子,都要从语境上去理解,不能仅仅靠理解一个句子。比如第28题,例子的作用要么是说明和解释,要么是支撑和论证,这个例子是为了支撑第二段的主题句,那么它的内容肯定要表达纸质阅读的效果好,进而推测出划线部分应该是好处明显。2. 在词汇方面,同学们的关注点一定要在语境上,理解上下文的逻辑关系,进而理解词汇的大概意思,不要试图翻译句子。如果遇到熟词新义或存粹的生词,一旦翻译失误,思路方向就可能陷入歧途。比如文章中devote,如果按着常见的汉语意思“专注于”就很难理解了。还有第29题A选项中的lightly,如果按常见的“轻松地、容易地”就很难理解A项的含义了。当然,通过核实其他选项的相关细节也能判断出各个干扰项的错处。总之,理解其实就是理解的上下文语境,搞清楚逻辑关系,而不是要搞清楚每一处细节的准确意思。对于一些长句的理解也是如此,比如对于一些我们感到生疏的表达,搞清楚上下文的逻辑关系就等于明白了相应的句子,不能追求精致精细。这在我们的难句分析部分中有提醒。 3. 平时的阅读训练仍然要注重文章的结构,其实就是段落之间的逻辑关系。比如本篇文章,第一段开头两个问句导出了两种阅读的效果不同,并从屏幕阅读方面介绍了几个原因。然后第二段算是第一段的例证。第三段从纸质阅读方面介绍了这种不同效果的原因。第四段又回到屏幕阅读方面,它对思维方面也有不利影响,以“肤浅假说”例证。第五段从现象上转折,仍然介绍纸质阅读的有利方面。最后一段提醒教育者注意到这种学习效果上的不同。【译文】不论一个人在屏幕上阅读文本还是阅读纸质上的文本,对文本的理解是一样的吗 当涉及相同的材料时,听和在屏幕上看内容是否与阅读书面文字一样印象深刻 这两个问题的答案通常都是否定的。其原因与多种因素有关,包括注意力下降、娱乐心态以及在处理数字化内容时倾向于多任务处理。当阅读几百字或更多的文本时,纸质阅读的学习通常比在屏幕上阅读的学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现。当实验人员从提出简单的,如识别阅读文章中的主要思想的任务,转向需要抽象思维的,如从文本中得出推断结论的任务时,阅读印刷品的好处尤其明显。印刷和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分上与纸张的物理特性有关。在纸上,手真正的可以放置在上面,并且有不同页码的视觉上的地理位置。人们通常会把他们对所读内容的记忆与页码在书里的位置或在书页上的具体位置联系起来。但同样重要的是心理方面。阅读研究人员提出了一种叫做“肤浅假设”的猜测。根据这一理论,人们对待数字文本时有着与社交媒体相适应的心态,通常不那么严肃,而且比阅读纸质书时投入的脑力更少。音频和视频比文本更吸引人,因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术——比如,布置一场在线演讲的任务,而不是要求这个人提交一篇文章。然而,心理学家已经证明,当成年人阅读新闻故事时,他们记住的内容要多于听或看相同的新闻故事。数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育上的作用,特别是在提供印刷版无法获得的资源时。然而,为了最大限度地提高需要注意力集中和思索的学习过程的效果,教育工作者不应该假设所有的媒体都是一样的,即便是它们包含的内容完全相同。 【答案】28-31:DAAC【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“纸质阅读”与“屏幕阅读”效果不同,并且从各自的方面分析了这种不同效果产生的原因。文章最后提醒教育者要注意到这种不同。【28题详解】D. 词义推测题。第二段中提及:当阅读几百字或更多的文本时,纸质阅读的学习通常比在屏幕上阅读的学习更成功。然后举例以支持这个观点。在这个例子中,任务的变化显示出纸质阅读的好处肯定是明显才符合这个例子的作用,所以划线部分的语境应该是阅读印刷品的好处尤其明显。故D项“Become easy to notice.变得明显”是正确选项。【29题详解】A.细节理解题。这个肤浅假说出现在第四段:“肤浅假说”认为人们对待数字文本时有着与社交媒体相适应的心态,通常不那么严肃,而且比阅读纸质书时投入的脑力更少。故A项“Readers treat digital texts lightly.读者对数字化文本掉以轻心、不是怎么认真。”是正确选项。【30题详解】A.细节理解题。第五段第一句就提出:音频和视频比文本更吸引人,因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术——比如,布置一场在线演讲的任务,而不是要求这个人提交一篇文章。所以,大学教师越来越多地使用音频和视频是因为它们能更吸引人。故A项“They can hold students’ attention. 他们可以抓住学生的注意力。”是正确选项。【31题详解】C. 推理判断题。最后一段中作者提醒教育者要注意到纸质阅读和屏幕阅读效果的不同:为了最大限度地提高需要注意力集中和思索的学习过程的效果,教育工作者不应该假设所有的媒体都是一样的,即便是它们包含的内容完全相同。故C项“Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.纸质文本在教育中不能完全被替代。”是正确选项。