中考英语专题复习课件—定语从句和关系代词

(共15张PPT)
Attributive Clauses
定语从句
定语从句和关系代词
目录：
一、定语从句的概念
二、关系词的选用
三、关系代词只能用that的情况
四、课后作业
一、定语从句概念：
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。
定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句
如：I like the music that I can dance to.
↓ ↓ ↓
先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句）
二、关系词的选用
关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句
which 物 主语宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle.
that 人、物 主语宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle. The girl that has long hair is his sister.
who 人 主语宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister.
whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.
whose 人的、物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.
注意一：
关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略
如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes.
我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting.
我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
练一练：
填写先行词 作成分
1） The room __________ Mr. Li lives in is a good one. ___________
2） The boy __________ broke the window is called Roy. ___________
3） The girl __________ you are waiting for is my good friend. ___________
4） I’d like a room _________ window looks out over the sea. ___________
答案：1）that/which 做宾语 2）that/who 做主语
3）who/whom/that做宾语 4）whose做定语
注意二：关系代词的省略
关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略
如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes.
我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting.
我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
三、关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that
如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember.
(2)当先行词是不定代词 或 被不定代词修饰时
是指物的不定代词anything, something, nothing, everything, || all, few, none, some, little等或被不定代词 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时关系代词只能用that.
注意三：
【先行词是指人的不定代词anybody, anyone, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody等，应用who或者whom.】
关系代词只能用that的情况
(3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same，the last 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).
如：That’s the only thing that I can do now.
These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used.
(4)当先行词是序数词、最高级或被其修饰时，关系代词只能用that.
如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
This is the best novel that I have read.
(5)当主句是who或which 开头的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，为避免重复,关系词只能用that.
如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday
Who is the person that is standing at the gate
练一练：
（2023·安徽合肥·合肥一六八中学校考一模）—Do you know the girl ________ is talking with our teacher
—Oh, she’s my sister.
A．who B．whose C．whom D．which
课后作业：
1．（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ______ I have ever read.
A．who B．where C．that
2．（2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）A true friend is a person ______ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A．who B．whom C．which D．whose
3．（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present.
A．which B．who C．what D．where
课后作业：
4．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about.
A．who B．that C．what D．/
5．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin
—Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to.
A．that B．who C．what
6．（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—What kind of music do you like, Linda
—I like music ________ I can dance to.
A．when B．that C．what
课后作业：
7．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）— Tom, what kind of stories do you prefer
— The ones ________ have a happy ending.
A．that B．who C．those D．whom
8．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mom is waiting. Can we set off now
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.
A．that B．who C．what D．who
9．（2022·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ will live in our heart forever.
A．which B．who C．what
课后作业：
10．（2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题）—Volunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs.　　
A．whom B．what C．who D．which