2025译林版高中英语必修第一册同步练习题--Unit 4　Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025译林版高中英语必修第一册
Unit 4　Looking good, feeling good
Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He looked thoroughly at the 　　　　(目录) page to seek what he wanted.
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ)In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal 　　　　(优势).”
3.The scientist and his 　　　　(成就) that you told me about are admired by us all.
4.(2023北京)Nina recently finished her year-long 　　　　(一系列) of runs in Chicago.
5.(2024福建南平期中)The new model will appear at the f　　　 show in Paris next week.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.(2024福建建瓯芝华中学期中)To my delight, I was finally recognized by the coach, who said that I showed great talent for sports.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　
2.The company is home to talents, most of whom are highly creative.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.There is some evidence, scientists report, that eating garlic(大蒜) may guard 　　　　　cancer.
2.(2024山东青岛莱西期中)The 　　　　　(digit) age enables us to find people who share our interests.
3.The question that has hung 　　　　　 the industry for months has not gone away.
4.The stone bridge 　　　　　(see) great changes in the village in the past two hundred years.
5.He seems to be hard 　　　　　(get) along with, but in fact he is not.
6.(2023浙江1月)Often, they ll end up 　　　　　(fill) the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.
7.I ll never forget that moment　　　　　 all my classmates stood up and sang the birthday song to me.
Ⅳ.选词填空
take pride in, fight a losing battle, live up to
　　The Chinese women s basketball team was so strong that they didn t 1.　　　　　　 in the 2022 FIBA Women s Basketball World Cup. Although they didn t win the championship, they 2.　　　　　　 our expectations. All of us Chinese should 3.　　　　　　 them.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.这节英语课以一个笑话开始,以讨论课本上的故事结束。(end up)
The English lesson started with a joke and 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 of the story in the textbook.
2.Atoms(原子) are so small that they cannot be seen by us.(句型转换;too...to...)
→Atoms are 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 by us.
3.正如老话所说,一个人可以走得很快,但一群人可以走得更远。
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, one person can go fast, but a group of people can travel farther.
4.尽管这个问题难以解决,但我们不应该泄气。(一句多译)
①Although 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　,
we should not lose heart.(主语+be+adj.+to do)
②Although 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
　　　　　　　　, we should not lose heart.(it作形式主语)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　“Don t judge a book by its cover,” the old saying goes. Unfortunately, as a teenager, that is often exactly 　1　 you do to yourself. Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on what you think of your physical 　2　(appear). These standards are extreme and simply 　3　(possible) for most of the population to live up to. If you have friends who 　4　(be) good-looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their shadow. The external influences are always present, 　5　 there are certainly ways to deal with them. Firstly, be careful not to follow popular beauty standards 　6　(blind). Secondly,recognize that you are unique and talk about your feelings with someone you trust. 　7　(hear) how much they value you can help you feel comfortable in your own skin. Finally, 　8　 is a good idea to try to direct your attention away from negative thoughts. 　9　(achieve) this, you should do something you enjoy. You may often judge yourself by what is on the outside, not on the inside. However, like a book, your contents are much 　10　(important) than your cover.
1.　　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024浙江杭州月考)
New research says nuts could be a valuable, 　1　(taste) and nutritious slimming help. Researchers from Harvard University suggested that people replace a daily unhealthy snack with a small handful of nuts to slow down weight gain. This is 　2　(especial) helpful for people as they get older. The researchers found that people who ate just 14g of nuts every day gained 　3　(little) weight than those who ate another snack. The people who ate nuts were unlikely 　4　(become) obese.
A long-term study 　5　(carry) out by the researchers observed the lifestyle of nearly 190,000 people for over twenty years. The people in the research were divided 　6　 three groups. They included more than 51,000 male health 　7　(professional) aged 40 to 75, and 121,700 nurses aged 35 to 55. They 　8　(ask) questions every four years about their weight, how often they ate nuts, and how often they exercised. 　9　 researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help slow down the weight gain 　10　 is common as we age, and might lower the chances of becoming obese.
1.　　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2023江苏常熟五校10月联考)
Vegetarian foods are not equally healthy, according to the new research at ESC Congress 2020. Dr. Matina said, “This finding is clearer in women. The recent research has shown that women tend to eat more plant-based foods and fewer animal-based products than men. But our study suggests this does not ensure healthier food choices or in turn better health condition.”
Most studies see plant-based diets simply as “vegetarian” or “low in meat”, thus treating all plant-based foods as equals. However, this study examined the type of plant-based foods, in addition to the overall amount. Healthy plant-based products were made up of fruits, vegetables and coffee while unhealthy plant-based products included juices, potatoes and sweets.
The study examined the link between the quantity(数量) and quality of plant-based foods and heart health over a 10-year period. In 2011, the study selected 146 fat adults living in Athens with normal blood pressure and blood sugar. Diet was studied through a questionnaire about usual habits in the year. It listed 156 foods and drinks commonly had in Greece.
Within ten years, nearly half of these fat participants developed high blood pressure and high blood sugar, though most of them preferred plant-based foods. The rest who ate quality plant-based foods, however, didn t have these health problems.
Regarding the quality of plant-based foods, healthier choices were linked with keeping normal blood pressure and blood sugar. On the contrary, eating unhealthy plant-based foods was connected with developing high blood pressure and high blood sugar. These relationships were stronger in women compared to men.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.What did Dr. Matina say about the study
A.Vegetarian foods are unhealthy.　　　　　B.Men tend to choose healthier foods.
C.Women tend to eat fewer plant-based foods.　　　　　D.Not all plant-based foods can keep you fit.
2.What do we know about the participants in this study
A.Most of them living in Greece ate fatty foods.
B.They all had low blood pressure and blood sugar.
C.About half of them made healthier food choices.
D.Men were more likely to become worse in health condition.
3.What is the result of eating quality plant-based foods
A.It can help keep good health.　　　B.It has nothing to do with health.
C.It only benefits women s health.　　　D.It can make women stronger than men.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Are All Vegetarian Diets Healthy
B.A Balanced Diet Is Good for Your Health
C.Plant-based Foods or Animal-based Products
D.The More Vegetarian Foods You Eat, the Healthier You Are
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024江苏南京鼓楼区期中)
When you eat is as important as what you eat for keeping a good weight, preventing and curing some diseases and living a long and happy life. We re all familiar with our biological clocks that send out chemical signals at certain times to help us wake, sleep, and do other activities. 　1　 That is to sync(同步) our consumption(消耗) of food with chemical reactions in the body.
According to these clocks, the best way to eat is to consume more energy earlier in the day and less energy later in the day. But our bodies desire the opposite—more calories at the end of the day and fewer in the morning. This is a problem from a time when humans food supply was unreliable and storing energy was an advantage. 　2　 Studies on animals and humans have connected it with weight gain, diseases and aging.
So we need to change that food clock and eat in a way that allows food patterns in line with our biological clocks.
What are the guiding principles(原理) in this system of eating A few changes to these eating habits will help sync up our internal systems. Two are especially important:
1.Limit your eating to when the sun shines—a window of about 12 hours or, better yet, fewer. 　3　
2.Eat more in the morning and midday and less later on. Your body will work best and it will be healthier if you store calories in advance rather than saving them until later in the day, as many of us do.
We should learn how to do this day to day. 　4　 Our bodies change depending on what s going on in our lives, so we may need to change when we eat to be at our best.
　5　 It will help prevent diseases and even control diseases. Following this plan can result in all kinds of improvements to your quality of life: better sleep, more energy—and just better overall health.
A.That means cutting out nighttime food.
B.Here is the science behind your eating habits.
C.What benefits can we get from eating this way
D.But we also should define “when” another way.
E.We also have a food clock with a similar purpose.
F.Today this kind of food clock has negative effects on our health.
G.Healthy food and regular eating habits can help you live longer.
1.　　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4　Looking good, feeling good
Part 3　Extended reading, Project,
Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.contents　2.strengths　3.achievement(s)　4.series
5.fashion
Ⅱ.1.名词;天赋　句意:令我高兴的是,我终于被教练认可了,他说我表现出了很强的运动天赋。
2.名词;人才　句意:这家公司是人才的聚集地,其中大多数人都极具创造力。
Ⅲ.1.against　考查固定短语。句意:科学家报告说,有一些证据表明,吃大蒜可以预防癌症。guard against意为“防范,防止”。故填against。
2.digital　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词age,应用形容词。digital age数字时代。故填digital。句意:数字时代使我们能够找到与我们有共同爱好的人。
3.over　考查固定短语。句意:使该行业几个月来一直忧心忡忡的问题并没有消失。固定短语hang over意为“使忧心忡忡”。故填over。
4.has seen　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的两百年里,这座石桥见证了这个村庄的巨大变化。根据时间状语in the past two hundred years可知,谓语动词应用现在完成时。主语表单数意义,故填has seen。
5.to get　考查动词不定式。句意:他似乎很难相处,但实际上并不是。此处为固定句型“主语+be+adj.+to do”。形容词hard说明不定式的特性,主语He是不定式的逻辑宾语,所以动词不定式应用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to get。
类比启发
　　有类似用法的形容词还有difficult、easy、comfortable和pleasant等。
6.filling　考查动名词。固定搭配end up doing...意为“以做……而告终”。故填filling。句意: 通常,他们最后会用小石头填满这片区域,并使用化学品来控制杂草。
7.when　考查定语从句。句意:我永远不会忘记我所有的同学都站起来给我唱生日歌的那一刻。先行词为that moment,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when。
Ⅳ.1.fight a losing battle　2.lived up to　3.take pride in
Ⅴ.1.ended up with a discussion　2.too small to be seen
3.Just as the old saying goes　4.①the problem is difficult to deal with　②it is difficult to deal with the problem
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.what　考查表语从句。设空处无提示词,位于系动词is后,故推测设空处引导表语从句,从句中缺少宾语,此处指“……的事情”,所以应用连接代词what。句意:不幸的是,作为一个十几岁的孩子,那往往正是你对自己做的事情。
2.appearance　考查名词。设空处作think of的宾语,且前有your和形容词physical修饰,应用名词。故填appearance。句意:媒体上的审美标准会很大程度地影响你对自己外表的看法。
3.impossible　考查形容词。根据语境和extreme可知,大部分人达到媒体上的审美标准是不可能的,应用possible的反义词。故填impossible。
4.are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,who引导定语从句,设空处为从句的谓语动词,由上下文语境及后面的have可知此处应用一般现在时,先行词为friends,所以此处谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
5.but　考查连词。根据语境可知,上下文在意思上构成转折。故填but。
6.blindly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词follow,应用副词作状语。故填blindly。
7.Hearing　考查动名词。分析句子成分可知,设空处作主语,强调事情本身,是一种经验,应用动名词,注意首字母大写。故填Hearing。
8.it　考查代词。由空后的内容可推知此处为“it is+n.+to do sth.”句型,设空处作形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语作真正的主语。故填it。
9.To achieve　考查动词不定式。根据语境可知,设空处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语,注意首字母大写。故填To achieve。
10.more important　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空后的than可知此处表示比较,设空处应用形容词的比较级。故填more important。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究结果——用少量的坚果来代替不健康的零食有助于减缓体重的增加。
1.tasty　考查形容词。此处作定语,修饰名词短语slimming help,应用形容词tasty,意为“美味的”。故填tasty。
2.especially　考查副词。此处修饰形容词helpful,应用副词。故填especially。句意:这对上了年纪的人特别有帮助。
3.less　考查形容词的比较级。句意:研究人员发现,每天只吃14克坚果的人比那些吃另一种零食的人体重增加得少。根据than可知,此处应用比较级。故填less。
4.to become　考查动词不定式。句意:吃坚果的人不大可能变得肥胖。be unlikely to do sth.意为“不大可能做某事”。故填to become。
5.carried　考查过去分词。句意:研究人员进行的一项长期研究观察了近十九万人的生活方式长达二十多年。分析可知,设空处作后置定语,动词短语carry out与被修饰词study之间构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填carried。
6.into　考查介词。句意:参与研究的人被分为三组。固定搭配be divided into...意为“被分为……”。故填into。
7.professionals　考查名词的数。句意:他们包括五万一千多名年龄在40至75岁之间的男性医务人员和十二万一千七百名年龄在35至55岁之间的护士。根据数字51,000可知,此处应用名词复数。故填professionals。
8.were asked　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的ate和exercised可知此处描述的是过去发生的事情,且ask与主语They之间为被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were asked。句意:每四年向他们询问一次体重、吃坚果的频率和锻炼的频率。
9.A　考查冠词。researcher是可数名词,此处表示泛指,所以其前应用不定冠词,且researcher的发音以辅音音素开头。故填A。
10.which/that　考查定语从句。句意:一位研究人员表示,用坚果代替不太健康的食物可能有助于减缓随着我们变老而常见的体重增加,并可能降低肥胖的可能性。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,空后部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,先行词为the weight gain,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指物,所以用关系代词which或that。
【高频词汇】　1.replace v.替换;取代　2.slow down减缓　3.gain v.& n.增加　4.carry out实施　5.observe v.观察;注意到;遵守　6.be divided into...被分成……
7.lower vt.降低,减少;把……放低adj.下面的;在底部的
【差距词汇】　1.a handful of一把……;少数……
2.obese adj.肥胖的
长难句
原句　A researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help slow down the weight gain which/that is common as we age, and might lower the chances of becoming obese.
分析　本句是一个主从复合句。said后是省略引导词的宾语从句,其中“replacing...with nuts”是动名词短语作主语,and连接并列谓语might help和might lower,which/that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the weight gain,as引导时间状语从句。
译文　一位研究人员表示,用坚果代替不太健康的食物可能有助于减缓随着我们变老而常见的体重增加,并可能降低肥胖的可能性。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,不是所有的素食都能让人保持健康。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段Matina博士说的话可知,吃更多的植物性食物并不能确保选择了更健康的食物,也不能确保健康状况就会更好,所以并不是所有的植物性食物都能让你保持健康。故选D。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“nearly half of these fat participants...The rest who ate quality plant-based foods”可知,这项研究的参与者中大约一半的人选择了高质量的植物性食物,即更健康的食物。故选C。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,吃高质量的植物性食物可有助于保持健康。故选A。
4.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段首句中的“Vegetarian foods are not equally healthy”并结合全文其他内容可知,不是所有的素食都是健康的。所以A项“Are All Vegetarian Diets Healthy ”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.equally adv.同样地;平均地→equal n.相等物;同等的人　2.in turn相应地;转而　3.condition n.情况;健康状况;环境,条件　4.examine v.调查;检查
5.in addition to除……之外(还)　6.quality n.质量 adj.高质量的,优质的　7.be linked with与……有关　8.on the contrary相反
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。我们如今的吃饭时间对健康有负面影响,我们需要改变食物钟,让食物模式与我们的生物钟保持一致。
1.E　根据上文可知,我们的生物钟在某些时间发出化学信号来帮助我们醒来、睡觉和做其他活动;而下文主要介绍食物钟。由此可推断,E项“我们还有一个目的相似的食物钟”承上启下。故选E。
2.F　根据下文“Studies on animals and humans have connected it with weight gain, diseases and aging.”可知,此处介绍了前文提到的食物钟对身体的负面影响。由此可推断,F项“今天这种食物钟对我们的健康有负面影响”引起下文。故选F。
3.A　根据上文“Limit your eating to when the sun shines”可知,上文介绍把吃饭限制在有阳光的时候,A项“这意味着夜间不吃食物”承接上文,是对上文的进一步说明。故选A。
4.D　根据下文可知,我们的身体会根据我们生活中发生的事情而改变,所以我们可能需要调整吃东西的时间,以达到最佳状态。由此可推断,D项“但我们也应该用另一种方式来确定‘何时’”引出下文。上文中的We should和D项中的we also should相呼应。故选D。
5.C　根据下文可知,这将有助于预防疾病,甚至控制疾病,具体介绍了这种饮食方式的好处。C项“这样吃,我们能有什么好处 ”和下文构成问答关系,下文的It指代C项中的“eating this way”。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.cure v.治愈　2.be familiar with...对……熟悉　3.send out发出　4.signal n.信号
5.consume v.消耗　6.desire v.渴望,期望　7.supply n.补给,供应　8.pattern n.方式　9.in advance事先,提前 10.improvement n.改善;改进处
【熟词生义】　window n.开展活动的间隙(或时机)
【差距词汇】　1.reaction n.反应　2.in line with...与……一致
长难句
原句　Your body will work best and it will be healthier if you store calories in advance rather than saving them until later in the day, as many of us do.
分析　if引导条件状语从句;as引导方式状语从句。
译文　如果你提前储存卡路里,而不是像我们很多人那样把它们保存到当天的晚些时候,你的身体会工作得最好,也会更健康。
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