2025译林版高中英语必修第一册同步练习题--Unit 4 Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025译林版高中英语必修第一册
Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good
Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We shouldn t (抨击) others in the social media.
2.(2024江苏吴江中学期中)Too much (压力) may account for his failure in the English exam.
3.(2024江苏镇江一中月考)Huge (数量) of money have been spent on the new bridge up to now.
4.I knew that I would always cherish the (记忆) we shared.
5.(2023浙江1月)The times listed on the (时间表) are departure(离开) times, not arrival times.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
1.We can t accept the reason for you were absent.
2.I went to the company I worked ten years ago.
3.The Spring Festival is an occasion Chinese people are reunited with family members.
4.There was a time which people might have felt awkward about asking for a single table.
5.(2023新课标Ⅰ)I ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter(数字整理).
6.The reason he came to the party was that he wanted to see Jane.
7.(2024安徽合肥一中素质拓展训练)We spent a few days on an island the scenery was beautiful beyond description.
8.Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
9.Can you think of a situation the idiom can be used
10.I enjoyed the evening we stayed together by the sea.
11.The reason he didn t want to go was that he didn t have enough money.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.做运动给人们带来身体上的好处。此外,它改善心理健康状况。
Doing sports brings people physical benefits. , it improves mental health.
2.经常锻炼加上合理的饮食,从长远来看,对我们的健康有益。
, along with proper diet, benefits our health .
3.这种压力在很大程度上导致了她的健康问题。(contribute to)
This kind of stress her health problems.
4.The method proved to be very effective.(句型转换:改为主从复合句)
→ the method was very effective.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024江苏宿迁青华中学第三次统测)
Ten years ago I used to be very fit. I rode a bike to work and I got a lot of exercise at weekends. I used to play tennis a lot and go for long walks. In those days I didn t earn very much. I had a job in an office. It wasn t a very good job but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed doing.
Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day. I began to take people out for lunch. And I began to put on weight, too. I stopped playing tennis and going for long walks at weekends because I just didn t have any time for things like that any more.
There was a lot of pressure in my job. Perhaps that was why I started drinking more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and I would have several glasses rather than one. I started smoking a lot, too. I never used to smoke at all.
Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn t believe it. Luckily it wasn t very serious. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and eat less. He also advised me to work less and get more exercise. But I just didn t have any time! My job took everything from me!
Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do something like I used to do. But if I do that, I won t earn as much. I have a family to support. I have to think of them, too. I just don t know what I should do. What do you think
1.Compared with ten years ago, what is worse for the author now
A.His job. B.His pay.
C.His means of transport. D.His health.
2.According to the passage, when the author got the better job, which of the following is NOT true
A.He got higher pay. B.His working hours weren t long.
C.He found it very stressful. D.He had little free time at weekends.
3.After the author had a heart attack, what did the doctor advise him to do
A.Not work any longer. B.Take a long vacation abroad.
C.Stop smoking and take exercise. D.Not eat out any more.
4.What can we learn about the author
A.He is not sure what he should do now.
B.He has taken the doctor s advice.
C.He has got another new job.
D.He feels much better now.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024河南驻马店月考)
One thing that everyone has to do in order to survive is eat food and drink water. Along with air, food and water are two other key elements that we need in order to allow our bodies to function. 1 However, it is well recommended that you eat a very well-balanced meal so that you can let your body work fully. One important area you should always keep track of is fruits.
The first fruit that will be discussed is the all-powerful apple. As the saying goes, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” This is a scientifically tested fact and it is always a good idea to eat an apple a day just for the good natural goodness found in apples. An apple has about forty-nine calories(卡路里) and about eighty-four per cent water. It also has many key elements such as sugar. 2
3 Bananas are really good to eat for several reasons. They are good for our skin and the inside of our bodies as well. A banana has about eighty-eight calories and about seventy-six per cent water. 4 And they also have a small number of other all-important vitamins(维生素) such as vitamins A, B, C, and E.
Those two fruits are the most popular fruits that people eat more than other fruits. 5 One fruit can be better for you in one area of your health, while the other fruit is good for you in another area.
A.Bananas have a high level of water.
B.There are plenty of choices when it comes to food.
C.However, all fruits are good for you in one way or another.
D.Another popular fruit we all eat from time to time is the banana.
E.In addition, bananas have many key elements including sugar and so on.
F.All these things are all-important in order for our bodies to work properly.
G.Fruits are delicious, but many people avoid them for one reason or another.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024陕西榆林月考)
You may have noticed some changes in your grandparents. As they get old, they start 1 things. And the older they get, the 2 things they will forget. For example, they may not be able to 3 where they left their glasses, or they may forget the names of their close friends. If you don t want to 4 memories very early, put down your sandwiches. A new study published in a science magazine shows that cutting calories can 5 people s (especially the old people s) memory.
Calorie restriction(热量限制) let lab animals live longer. And these 6 animals seemed to be 7 . But it wasn t clear 8 it was the same with people.
In the latest 9 , scientists asked 50 elderly women to 10 the number of calories they consumed by a third. After three months, the 11 found that the women were not only 12 , but they were better at 13 words than they had been—they remembered more words than ever, which suggested that keeping calories under 14 could help keep the brain 15 .
In a word, the less you eat, the more you will remember.
1.A.missing B.understanding
C.forgetting D.loving
2.A.less B.more C.farther D.deeper
3.A.remember B.leave
C.find D.believe
4.A.get B.close
C.practice D.lose
5.A.reduce B.improve
C.test D.prove
6.A.energetic B.happy
C.dangerous D.hungry
7.A.healthier B.weaker
C.higher D.better
8.A.what B.why C.whether D.how
9.A.magazine B.match
C.study D.exercise
10.A.put B.cut
C.increase D.take
11.A.researchers B.farmers
C.teachers D.postmen
12.A.fatter B.higher
C.shorter D.thinner
13.A.writing B.memorizing
C.recognizing D.drawing
14.A.control B.limit
C.reduction D.repair
15.A.weak B.tired C.fit D.hard
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good
Part 2 Grammar and usage &
Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.attack 2.pressure 3.amounts 4.memories/memory
5.schedule(s)
Ⅱ.1.which 考查定语从句。句意:我们不能接受你缺席的原因。关系词指代先行词the reason,在定语从句中作介词for的宾语,所以应用关系代词which, for which相当于关系副词why。故填which。
2.where 考查定语从句。句意:我去了十年前我工作的那家公司。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。
3.when 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为an occasion,意为“时刻;场合”,此处指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语。故填when。句意:春节是中国人与家人团聚的时刻。
4.in/during 考查“介词+which”引导定语从句。分析可知,设空处和其后的which一起引导定语从句。根据语境和先行词time可知这里指“在一段时间里”,故填in或during。句意:曾经有一段时间,人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬。
5.in 考查“介词+which”引导定语从句。分析可知,“I ran in 2018”是定语从句,修饰先行词an experiment,设空处和其后的which一起引导定语从句,也修饰先行词an experiment,结合句意可知,此处表示“在实验中”,an experiment常与介词in搭配。故填in。句意:我会利用我在2018年做的一项实验,在这个实验中,有一千六百多人同意实施数字整理。
6.why 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为The reason,表原因,关系词在从句中作原因状语。故填why。句意:他来参加聚会的原因是他想见简。
7.where 考查定语从句。句意:我们在一个岛上待了几天,那里的景色美得难以形容。先行词为an island,表地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
8.where 考查定语从句。句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界的其他国家处于同一起跑线的领域。先行词为an area,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。
9.where 考查定语从句。句意:你能想出一个能用这个习语的情况吗 先行词为a situation,表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。
10.when 考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢我们一起在海边度过的那个夜晚。先行词为the evening,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when。
11.why 考查定语从句。句意:他不想去的原因是他没有足够的钱。先行词为The reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,所以要用关系副词why。
Ⅲ.1.In addition 2.Regular exercise;in the long term
3.largely contributed to 4.It was proved that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了不同的工作给作者的健康状况带来了不同的影响,以此告诉我们要多注意自己的健康状况,保持身体健康。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Ten years ago I used to be very fit.”和倒数第二段第一句“Two months ago I had a heart attack.”可知,和十年前相比,作者的健康状况现在出了问题。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“but the hours were a lot longer”可知,B项“他的工作时间不长”与原文不符。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“stop smoking and eat less”和“work less and get more exercise”可知,医生建议作者戒烟、少吃、少工作和多锻炼。故选C。
4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“I just don t know what I should do. What do you think ”可知,作者现在很迷茫,不知道该怎么办。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.fit adj.健康的 2.put on weight 增加体重 3.serious adj.严重的 4.wonder v.想知道 5.support v.养活;维持;支持;帮助;支撑
长难句
原句 For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and I would have several glasses rather than one.
分析 本句是but、and连接的并列复合句。when引导时间状语从句。
译文 例如,我以前到家后只喝半杯威士忌,但后来我开始把杯子倒满,我会喝几杯而不是一杯。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍吃水果对人的重要性,特别介绍了苹果和香蕉的益处。
1.B 过渡句。上文介绍食物和水是我们身体正常运转所需的两个关键要素;下文建议吃营养均衡的饭,以便让身体充分工作,应该时刻关注的一个重要领域是水果。结合选项可知,B项“说到食物,会有很多选择”承上启下,故选B。
2.F 细节句。根据上文可知,苹果中有对我们的身体很重要的营养成分,F项“为了让我们的身体正常工作,所有这些东西都是极其重要的”承接上文,F项中的“All these things”指代上文提到的“water”“many key elements”等,故选F。
3.D 主旨句。根据下文可知,本段介绍香蕉,D项“另一种我们时不时都会吃的受欢迎的水果是香蕉”引起下文,故选D。
4.E 细节句。根据上文可知,一根香蕉含有大约88卡路里的热量和大约76%的水分;根据下文可知,它们还含有少量其他至关重要的维生素,如维生素A、B、C和E。由此可推断,E项“此外,香蕉有许多关键要素,包括糖等”符合语境,都是在介绍香蕉所含的成分。故选E。
5.C 细节句。根据下文可知,除了苹果与香蕉外,其他水果也会在某些方面对你的健康有好处。由此可推断,C项“然而,所有的水果都以这样或那样的方式对你有益”引起下文。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.survive v.生存 2.element n.要素
3.recommend v.推荐 4.keep track of了解……的情况
5.keep...away使……离开;使……不接近
【熟词生义】 key adj.关键的
长难句
原句 However, it is well recommended that you eat a very well-balanced meal so that you can let your body work fully.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句;so that引导目的状语从句。
译文 然而,非常建议你吃很均衡的饭,以便你可以让你的身体充分工作。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究证明,减少卡路里摄入可以提高人们(尤其是老年人)的记忆力。
1.C 根据下文中的“they will forget”可知,随着年龄的增长,他们开始忘记事情。miss想念;understand理解;forget忘记;love爱。
2.B 此处为“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构,表示“越……就越……”。根据语境可知,他们年纪越大,忘记的事情就会越多。less更少的;more更多的;farther更远的;deeper更深的。
3.A 根据本句中的“they may forget”可知,此处指他们可能记不起把眼镜放在哪里了。remember记起;leave离开;find找到;believe相信。
4.D 上文提到人变老会忘记事情,由此可知,此处指如果你不想很早就失去记忆。get得到;close闭上;practice练习;lose失去。
5.B 根据第三段中的“they remembered more words than ever”可知,一项发表在科学杂志上的新研究表明,减少卡路里摄入可以提高人们(尤其是老年人)的记忆力。reduce减少;improve提高;test测试;prove证明。
6.D 根据上文中的“Calorie restriction”可知,限制实验室动物摄入热量,结合选项可知用“hungry”形容这些动物更符合语境。energetic精力充沛的;happy快乐的;dangerous危险的;hungry饥饿的。
7.A 根据上文“Calorie restriction(热量限制) let lab animals live longer.”可推知,这些饥饿的动物更健康。healthier更健康的;weaker较弱的;higher较高的;better较好的。
8.C 设空处引导从句,根据本句中的“it wasn t clear”可知,此处应用whether,表示“是否”。what什么;why为什么;whether是否;how怎样。
9.C 根据本句中的“scientists asked 50 elderly women to 10 the number of calories they consumed by a third”可知,科学家在做实验,用study符合语境。magazine杂志;match比赛;study研究;exercise运动。
10.B 根据上文中的“Calorie restriction”可知,科学家要求50名老年女性将她们摄入的卡路里的数量减少三分之一。put放;cut削减;increase增加;take拿走。
11.A 根据上句中的scientists和语境可知,此处指研究人员。researcher研究人员;farmer农民;teacher教师;postman邮递员。
12.D 根据常识可知,减少卡路里摄入,人应该会变瘦。fatter更胖的;higher较高的;shorter较短的;thinner更瘦的。
13.B 根据本句中的“they remembered more words than ever”可知,她们比之前更擅长记单词。write写;memorize记忆;recognize认出;draw画。
14.A 根据上文中的“Calorie restriction”可知,此处指控制卡路里。keep...under control使……处于控制之下。control控制;limit极限;reduction减少;repair修理。
15.C 根据本句中的“they remembered more words than ever”可知,控制卡路里摄入有助于保持大脑健康。weak虚弱的;tired疲劳的;fit健康的;hard坚固的。
【高频词汇】 1.put down放下 2.publish v.发表,刊登;出版 3.elderly adj.上了年纪的 4.under control在控制之下 5.in a word总之
【熟词生义】 1.consume v.吃,喝 2.third n.三分之一
长难句
原句 After three months, the researchers found that the women were not only thinner, but they were better at memorizing words than they had been—they remembered more words than ever, which suggested that keeping calories under control could help keep the brain fit.
分析 本句是主从复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句,作found的宾语。在宾语从句中,than引导比较状语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰它前面的主句,第二个that引导宾语从句,作suggested的宾语,其中“keeping calories under control”为动名词短语作主语,“keep the brain fit”为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构。
译文 三个月后,研究人员发现,这些女性不仅更瘦了,而且比以前更擅长记单词了——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多,这表明控制卡路里摄入能有助于保持大脑健康。
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2025译林版高中英语必修第一册
Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good
Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We shouldn t (抨击) others in the social media.
2.(2024江苏吴江中学期中)Too much (压力) may account for his failure in the English exam.
3.(2024江苏镇江一中月考)Huge (数量) of money have been spent on the new bridge up to now.
4.I knew that I would always cherish the (记忆) we shared.
5.(2023浙江1月)The times listed on the (时间表) are departure(离开) times, not arrival times.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
1.We can t accept the reason for you were absent.
2.I went to the company I worked ten years ago.
3.The Spring Festival is an occasion Chinese people are reunited with family members.
4.There was a time which people might have felt awkward about asking for a single table.
5.(2023新课标Ⅰ)I ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter(数字整理).
6.The reason he came to the party was that he wanted to see Jane.
7.(2024安徽合肥一中素质拓展训练)We spent a few days on an island the scenery was beautiful beyond description.
8.Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
9.Can you think of a situation the idiom can be used
10.I enjoyed the evening we stayed together by the sea.
11.The reason he didn t want to go was that he didn t have enough money.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.做运动给人们带来身体上的好处。此外,它改善心理健康状况。
Doing sports brings people physical benefits. , it improves mental health.
2.经常锻炼加上合理的饮食,从长远来看,对我们的健康有益。
, along with proper diet, benefits our health .
3.这种压力在很大程度上导致了她的健康问题。(contribute to)
This kind of stress her health problems.
4.The method proved to be very effective.(句型转换:改为主从复合句)
→ the method was very effective.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024江苏宿迁青华中学第三次统测)
Ten years ago I used to be very fit. I rode a bike to work and I got a lot of exercise at weekends. I used to play tennis a lot and go for long walks. In those days I didn t earn very much. I had a job in an office. It wasn t a very good job but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed doing.
Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day. I began to take people out for lunch. And I began to put on weight, too. I stopped playing tennis and going for long walks at weekends because I just didn t have any time for things like that any more.
There was a lot of pressure in my job. Perhaps that was why I started drinking more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and I would have several glasses rather than one. I started smoking a lot, too. I never used to smoke at all.
Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn t believe it. Luckily it wasn t very serious. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and eat less. He also advised me to work less and get more exercise. But I just didn t have any time! My job took everything from me!
Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do something like I used to do. But if I do that, I won t earn as much. I have a family to support. I have to think of them, too. I just don t know what I should do. What do you think
1.Compared with ten years ago, what is worse for the author now
A.His job. B.His pay.
C.His means of transport. D.His health.
2.According to the passage, when the author got the better job, which of the following is NOT true
A.He got higher pay. B.His working hours weren t long.
C.He found it very stressful. D.He had little free time at weekends.
3.After the author had a heart attack, what did the doctor advise him to do
A.Not work any longer. B.Take a long vacation abroad.
C.Stop smoking and take exercise. D.Not eat out any more.
4.What can we learn about the author
A.He is not sure what he should do now.
B.He has taken the doctor s advice.
C.He has got another new job.
D.He feels much better now.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024河南驻马店月考)
One thing that everyone has to do in order to survive is eat food and drink water. Along with air, food and water are two other key elements that we need in order to allow our bodies to function. 1 However, it is well recommended that you eat a very well-balanced meal so that you can let your body work fully. One important area you should always keep track of is fruits.
The first fruit that will be discussed is the all-powerful apple. As the saying goes, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” This is a scientifically tested fact and it is always a good idea to eat an apple a day just for the good natural goodness found in apples. An apple has about forty-nine calories(卡路里) and about eighty-four per cent water. It also has many key elements such as sugar. 2
3 Bananas are really good to eat for several reasons. They are good for our skin and the inside of our bodies as well. A banana has about eighty-eight calories and about seventy-six per cent water. 4 And they also have a small number of other all-important vitamins(维生素) such as vitamins A, B, C, and E.
Those two fruits are the most popular fruits that people eat more than other fruits. 5 One fruit can be better for you in one area of your health, while the other fruit is good for you in another area.
A.Bananas have a high level of water.
B.There are plenty of choices when it comes to food.
C.However, all fruits are good for you in one way or another.
D.Another popular fruit we all eat from time to time is the banana.
E.In addition, bananas have many key elements including sugar and so on.
F.All these things are all-important in order for our bodies to work properly.
G.Fruits are delicious, but many people avoid them for one reason or another.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024陕西榆林月考)
You may have noticed some changes in your grandparents. As they get old, they start 1 things. And the older they get, the 2 things they will forget. For example, they may not be able to 3 where they left their glasses, or they may forget the names of their close friends. If you don t want to 4 memories very early, put down your sandwiches. A new study published in a science magazine shows that cutting calories can 5 people s (especially the old people s) memory.
Calorie restriction(热量限制) let lab animals live longer. And these 6 animals seemed to be 7 . But it wasn t clear 8 it was the same with people.
In the latest 9 , scientists asked 50 elderly women to 10 the number of calories they consumed by a third. After three months, the 11 found that the women were not only 12 , but they were better at 13 words than they had been—they remembered more words than ever, which suggested that keeping calories under 14 could help keep the brain 15 .
In a word, the less you eat, the more you will remember.
1.A.missing B.understanding
C.forgetting D.loving
2.A.less B.more C.farther D.deeper
3.A.remember B.leave
C.find D.believe
4.A.get B.close
C.practice D.lose
5.A.reduce B.improve
C.test D.prove
6.A.energetic B.happy
C.dangerous D.hungry
7.A.healthier B.weaker
C.higher D.better
8.A.what B.why C.whether D.how
9.A.magazine B.match
C.study D.exercise
10.A.put B.cut
C.increase D.take
11.A.researchers B.farmers
C.teachers D.postmen
12.A.fatter B.higher
C.shorter D.thinner
13.A.writing B.memorizing
C.recognizing D.drawing
14.A.control B.limit
C.reduction D.repair
15.A.weak B.tired C.fit D.hard
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good
Part 2 Grammar and usage &
Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.attack 2.pressure 3.amounts 4.memories/memory
5.schedule(s)
Ⅱ.1.which 考查定语从句。句意:我们不能接受你缺席的原因。关系词指代先行词the reason,在定语从句中作介词for的宾语,所以应用关系代词which, for which相当于关系副词why。故填which。
2.where 考查定语从句。句意:我去了十年前我工作的那家公司。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。
3.when 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为an occasion,意为“时刻;场合”,此处指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语。故填when。句意:春节是中国人与家人团聚的时刻。
4.in/during 考查“介词+which”引导定语从句。分析可知,设空处和其后的which一起引导定语从句。根据语境和先行词time可知这里指“在一段时间里”,故填in或during。句意:曾经有一段时间,人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬。
5.in 考查“介词+which”引导定语从句。分析可知,“I ran in 2018”是定语从句,修饰先行词an experiment,设空处和其后的which一起引导定语从句,也修饰先行词an experiment,结合句意可知,此处表示“在实验中”,an experiment常与介词in搭配。故填in。句意:我会利用我在2018年做的一项实验,在这个实验中,有一千六百多人同意实施数字整理。
6.why 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为The reason,表原因,关系词在从句中作原因状语。故填why。句意:他来参加聚会的原因是他想见简。
7.where 考查定语从句。句意:我们在一个岛上待了几天,那里的景色美得难以形容。先行词为an island,表地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
8.where 考查定语从句。句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界的其他国家处于同一起跑线的领域。先行词为an area,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。
9.where 考查定语从句。句意:你能想出一个能用这个习语的情况吗 先行词为a situation,表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。
10.when 考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢我们一起在海边度过的那个夜晚。先行词为the evening,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when。
11.why 考查定语从句。句意:他不想去的原因是他没有足够的钱。先行词为The reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,所以要用关系副词why。
Ⅲ.1.In addition 2.Regular exercise;in the long term
3.largely contributed to 4.It was proved that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了不同的工作给作者的健康状况带来了不同的影响,以此告诉我们要多注意自己的健康状况,保持身体健康。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Ten years ago I used to be very fit.”和倒数第二段第一句“Two months ago I had a heart attack.”可知,和十年前相比,作者的健康状况现在出了问题。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“but the hours were a lot longer”可知,B项“他的工作时间不长”与原文不符。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“stop smoking and eat less”和“work less and get more exercise”可知,医生建议作者戒烟、少吃、少工作和多锻炼。故选C。
4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“I just don t know what I should do. What do you think ”可知,作者现在很迷茫,不知道该怎么办。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.fit adj.健康的 2.put on weight 增加体重 3.serious adj.严重的 4.wonder v.想知道 5.support v.养活;维持;支持;帮助;支撑
长难句
原句 For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and I would have several glasses rather than one.
分析 本句是but、and连接的并列复合句。when引导时间状语从句。
译文 例如,我以前到家后只喝半杯威士忌,但后来我开始把杯子倒满,我会喝几杯而不是一杯。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍吃水果对人的重要性,特别介绍了苹果和香蕉的益处。
1.B 过渡句。上文介绍食物和水是我们身体正常运转所需的两个关键要素;下文建议吃营养均衡的饭,以便让身体充分工作,应该时刻关注的一个重要领域是水果。结合选项可知,B项“说到食物,会有很多选择”承上启下,故选B。
2.F 细节句。根据上文可知,苹果中有对我们的身体很重要的营养成分,F项“为了让我们的身体正常工作,所有这些东西都是极其重要的”承接上文,F项中的“All these things”指代上文提到的“water”“many key elements”等,故选F。
3.D 主旨句。根据下文可知,本段介绍香蕉,D项“另一种我们时不时都会吃的受欢迎的水果是香蕉”引起下文,故选D。
4.E 细节句。根据上文可知,一根香蕉含有大约88卡路里的热量和大约76%的水分;根据下文可知,它们还含有少量其他至关重要的维生素,如维生素A、B、C和E。由此可推断,E项“此外,香蕉有许多关键要素,包括糖等”符合语境,都是在介绍香蕉所含的成分。故选E。
5.C 细节句。根据下文可知,除了苹果与香蕉外,其他水果也会在某些方面对你的健康有好处。由此可推断,C项“然而,所有的水果都以这样或那样的方式对你有益”引起下文。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.survive v.生存 2.element n.要素
3.recommend v.推荐 4.keep track of了解……的情况
5.keep...away使……离开;使……不接近
【熟词生义】 key adj.关键的
长难句
原句 However, it is well recommended that you eat a very well-balanced meal so that you can let your body work fully.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句;so that引导目的状语从句。
译文 然而,非常建议你吃很均衡的饭,以便你可以让你的身体充分工作。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究证明,减少卡路里摄入可以提高人们(尤其是老年人)的记忆力。
1.C 根据下文中的“they will forget”可知,随着年龄的增长,他们开始忘记事情。miss想念;understand理解;forget忘记;love爱。
2.B 此处为“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构,表示“越……就越……”。根据语境可知,他们年纪越大,忘记的事情就会越多。less更少的;more更多的;farther更远的;deeper更深的。
3.A 根据本句中的“they may forget”可知,此处指他们可能记不起把眼镜放在哪里了。remember记起;leave离开;find找到;believe相信。
4.D 上文提到人变老会忘记事情,由此可知,此处指如果你不想很早就失去记忆。get得到;close闭上;practice练习;lose失去。
5.B 根据第三段中的“they remembered more words than ever”可知,一项发表在科学杂志上的新研究表明,减少卡路里摄入可以提高人们(尤其是老年人)的记忆力。reduce减少;improve提高;test测试;prove证明。
6.D 根据上文中的“Calorie restriction”可知,限制实验室动物摄入热量,结合选项可知用“hungry”形容这些动物更符合语境。energetic精力充沛的;happy快乐的;dangerous危险的;hungry饥饿的。
7.A 根据上文“Calorie restriction(热量限制) let lab animals live longer.”可推知,这些饥饿的动物更健康。healthier更健康的;weaker较弱的;higher较高的;better较好的。
8.C 设空处引导从句,根据本句中的“it wasn t clear”可知,此处应用whether,表示“是否”。what什么;why为什么;whether是否;how怎样。
9.C 根据本句中的“scientists asked 50 elderly women to 10 the number of calories they consumed by a third”可知,科学家在做实验,用study符合语境。magazine杂志;match比赛;study研究;exercise运动。
10.B 根据上文中的“Calorie restriction”可知,科学家要求50名老年女性将她们摄入的卡路里的数量减少三分之一。put放;cut削减;increase增加;take拿走。
11.A 根据上句中的scientists和语境可知,此处指研究人员。researcher研究人员;farmer农民;teacher教师;postman邮递员。
12.D 根据常识可知,减少卡路里摄入,人应该会变瘦。fatter更胖的;higher较高的;shorter较短的;thinner更瘦的。
13.B 根据本句中的“they remembered more words than ever”可知,她们比之前更擅长记单词。write写;memorize记忆;recognize认出;draw画。
14.A 根据上文中的“Calorie restriction”可知,此处指控制卡路里。keep...under control使……处于控制之下。control控制;limit极限;reduction减少;repair修理。
15.C 根据本句中的“they remembered more words than ever”可知,控制卡路里摄入有助于保持大脑健康。weak虚弱的;tired疲劳的;fit健康的;hard坚固的。
【高频词汇】 1.put down放下 2.publish v.发表,刊登;出版 3.elderly adj.上了年纪的 4.under control在控制之下 5.in a word总之
【熟词生义】 1.consume v.吃,喝 2.third n.三分之一
长难句
原句 After three months, the researchers found that the women were not only thinner, but they were better at memorizing words than they had been—they remembered more words than ever, which suggested that keeping calories under control could help keep the brain fit.
分析 本句是主从复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句,作found的宾语。在宾语从句中,than引导比较状语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰它前面的主句,第二个that引导宾语从句,作suggested的宾语,其中“keeping calories under control”为动名词短语作主语,“keep the brain fit”为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构。
译文 三个月后,研究人员发现,这些女性不仅更瘦了,而且比以前更擅长记单词了——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多,这表明控制卡路里摄入能有助于保持大脑健康。
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