Unit 8 A green world知识点复习（含答案）2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册
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| 名称 | Unit 8 A green world知识点复习（含答案）2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册 |  | |
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8B Unit 8 A green world
一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit.
1. be going to do sth. 打算做某事
【例句】The money we raise will be going to a very worthy cause.
我们筹集的钱款将用于非常崇高的事业。
2.More trees will be planted. 将要种更多的树。 【将来时的被动语态】
中考链接：
--The work________(finish) in one week.
3. be good for… 对……有好处
be good at意为“擅长”。
【例句】Taking exercise is good for health.运动对健康有益。
Are you good at English 你擅长英语吗？
【词组】be weak in 在某方面薄弱/不擅长
do well in = be good at擅长
do harm to = be harmful to多某某有害
5. plant breadfruit trees 种植水果面包树
6.Are you serious 你是认真（严肃）的吗？
7.reduce air pollution by riding bicycles 通过骑自行车减少空气污染
8.save water by taking shorter showers 通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水
9.save energy by turning off the lights 通过关灯来节约能源
10.protect the environment by recycling waste 通过回收垃圾来保护环境
11.live a green life 过绿色生活 【live a happy life 过幸福生活】
12.drive me to school 开车送我去上学
13. cause serious air pollution 引起严重的空气污染
★be serious about… 对…认真
【例句】Be serious about your connection to Spirit.
认真对待你与心灵的联系。
14.It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.
对人们来说选择公共交通或骑自行车是明智的。
二、Reading
1. try to keep it that way 尽力让它保持原来那样
that way意为“这样；那样；那边”。way可以和this、that等连用。
【例句】Why does he act this way 他为什么这样做？
2. be separated into different groups 被分成不同的类群
separate... into.... 把......分成........(若干部分)
3.an organization for recycling clothes 一个回收旧衣服的组织
4.collect old clothes from all over（= around) the country 收集来自全国的旧衣服
5.Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling. 【some...., some....., others......】
6.have many laws to protect the environment 有许多法律来保护环境
7.We are not allowed to cut down trees. 我们不被允许砍伐树木。
★①allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 → sb. be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事
★②allow doing sth. 允许做某事。
中考链接：
--My boss does not allow me ______(use)the mobile phone.
--We are only allowed ______(smoke)in this house.
★③cut down 砍伐,砍下 【动副词组，代词放中间】
中考链接：
--( ) The tree is dead. Please_______.
A. cut down it B. cut it down C. cut it out D. cut out it
8.be punished 被惩罚
9.be fined 被罚款
10. limit air and water pollution 限制空气和水污染
11.depend on its rich resources 依靠它丰富的资源
★【重点】depend on sth. / sb. 依靠某物/某人
【扩展】be rich in.... 富含.... e.g: Tomatoes are rich in Vitamin C. 西红柿富含维 C.
中考链接：
--You should avoid d______ on your parents.
12. protect it wisely 明智地保护它 wise adj.明智的 wisely adv.明智地 wisdom n.智慧
中考链接：
--After reading the touching story, I know I should spend my money ________(明智地).
13.use energy from the sun 使用来自太阳的能量
14.These new types of energy cost very little. 这些新型能源成本很低（花钱少）
中考链接：
--( )The bike_______ him about 350 yuan yesterday.
A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid
15. ★run out 用光；耗尽 （无被动） = be used up
The time will run out. = The time will be used up.
run out和run out of这两个短语都有“用完”的意思，但用法不同。run out作不及物短语，表示“被用完；被耗尽；（人）把东西用完（或花光）”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词，而run out of则是及物短语，表示主动，其主语通常为人。
【例句】My money is running out.我的钱快用完了。
中考链接：
--( )Is the time_______
A. run out B. running out C. running out of D. ran out
--( )I'm afraid that this type of energy will if we continue to waste it．
A. run out B. break out C. come down D. fall down
--( )The energy from the sun and the wind is very cheap and it will never ________.
A. come out B. put out C. get out D. run out
--( )―We must take action to protect our earth right now as time is _______.
―Yes. Let's get started.
coming out B. going out C. putting out D. running out
16. produce little pollution 产生很少的污染 【produce 动词：生产；产生】
【扩展】product 名词：产品；production 名词：产量
17.World Environment Day 世界环境日
18.Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.
请记住每个人都能做些事来（对环境）产生影响/起到作用。
★① make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某物产生影响/起到作用 【to 为介词 】
【例句】It is never too late to make a difference to our environment.
为我们的环境做出的任何改变永远都不嫌晚。
扩展： make a difference to doing sth. 【to 为介词 】
★②different (adj) → difference (n.)
19.What do they do with old clothes 他们如何处理旧衣服？
= How do they deal with old clothes
【回顾】what ....do with ....？ = how.... deal with......？ 如何处理......？
三、Grammar :一般将来时的被动语态。
【语法】A.一般将来时的被动语态：
结构：will be + 过去分词 或 am/is/are going to + 过去分词
Eg:①The show will be held in the town square.
②A lot of activities are going to be organized next week.
【语法】B.特殊句型的被动语态：
含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch ,feel 等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带 to 的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的 to 再加上去，另外 help 这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带 to, 也可不带 to, 但在被动语态中也必须把 to 加上去。
例：①Mother often makes me do some housework.
→I am often made to do some housework by mother.
②We saw him run into the classroom.
→He was seen to run into the classroom by us.
teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell 等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词 to/for。
例：①Ｓhe gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.
→I was given a pen by her. →A pen was given to me by her.
②My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.
→I was bought a new bike by my father.
→A new bike was bought for me by my father.
由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉
例：①Ｗe should speak to old people politely.
→Old people should be spoken to politely (by us).
②He took away the box.
→The box was taken away by him.
含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变）
例：①We call him Xiao Ma.
主 谓 宾 宾补
→Ｈe is called Xiao Ma by us.
②He found the book very interesting.
→The book was found very interesting by him.
【语法】C.没有被动语态的动词：
在英语中，有些不及物动词的主动语态可以表示被动意义。这些不及物动词有：
1.表示开始和结束的动词没有被动语态，如：begin, start, finish, end, close 等，当主语为“事物”且不强调动作的执行者时。例如：
①The meeting will begin at 8:00a.m. tomorrow.
②The library opens at 9:00a.m. and closes at 5:00 p.m.
2. ★某些表示“发生”意义的不及物动词如：happen= take place 无被动语态，如：
③Many changes have happened in our hometown.（happen 没有被动形式）
3. ★大多数系动词：feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，
taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。 例：
④Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。(用主动表示被动意义)
⑤The food tastes delicious. (用主动表示被动意义)
⑥This idea sounds great. (用主动表示被动意义)
4.某些可与 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词无被动，
★如：read, write, wash, sell 等。例如：
⑦This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。(用主动表示被动意义)
⑧The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。(用主动表示被动意义)
⑨This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。(用主动表示被动意义)
5.有些不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear, die ,disappear, fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, ...
⑩The film lasted for 3 hours. （last 没有被动形式）
6.need doing sth. 含有被动意义。
⑾My watch needs repairing.= My watch needs to be repaired.我的手表修理。
★need doing = need to be done
【语法】D. 被动语态与系表结构：
1.The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态)
2.The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作）
【语法】E. 被动语态与过去分词短语作后置定语:
1.The cat is called Mimi.
2.There is a cat (called Mimi) in the house.
【语法】F. 与被动语态相关的一些短语：
1. be covered with + 雪、树林等 be covered by + 森林等
2. be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料）
【例句】The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
be made from 由……制成（不能看出原材料）
【例句】We all know that the paper is made from wood.
我们都知道纸是由木头制成的
be made in +年代、地点
3. be used as…. 被用来作为….
【例句】In the past, cloth and knives can be used as money.
在过去，刀和布匹可以被当作钱用
be used to do sth. = be used for (doing) sth. 被用来做某事
【例句】Computers can be used to do a lot of work now.
如今电脑可用来做许多事。
4.be surprised by/at…对…感到惊奇
【语法】G. 重点短语句型
1.The show will be held at the town hall. 表演将在镇上大礼堂被举行。
=The show will take place at the town hall. 【take place 没有被动】
2.be thrown into lakes 被扔进湖里
3.The air is filled with pollution. 【be filled with 被装满 = be full of 充满】
4.make people ill/sick 使人们生病 = make people get illness
5.More people will be hurt in the future if it is not cleaned up. 【clean up：清理（动副词组）】
6.As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. 和人类一样,动物也受到污染的伤害。
★①harm sb. = do harm to sb. 伤害某人 【harm 动词或名词：伤害】
★②be harmful to sb. 对某人是有害的 【harmful 形容词：有害的】
7.land and water pollution 土地和水污染
8.If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution. ★①act to do sth. = take action to do sth.采取行动做某事
★②living things 活着的东西（生物）
【区分】living 形容词：活着的（常作定语修饰名词，也可作表语构成系表结构）
alive 形容词：活着的（只能作表语构成系表结构，不能作定语修饰名词）
lively 形容词：生动的、充满生机的
live 形容词：直播的
9.All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us.
①have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 ②think about 考虑
10.work together 合作
四、Integrated skills
1.do a survey on sth. 做一个关于某事的调查
2.a survey on students’ daily habits 关于学生日常习惯
3.turn off the tape while brushing teeth 当刷牙的时侯关掉水龙头
★①turn on/off 打开/关闭（电器、水龙头） 【动副词组】
★②turn up/down 调高/调低音量 【动副词组】
4.less than 10 minutes 少于 10 分钟 → more than 10 minutes 多于 10 分钟
5.the number of students 学生的数量
6.use both sides of the paper 用纸的两面
7.recycle empty bottles 回收空瓶子
8.turn off the lights 关灯
9.the result(s) of the survey 调查的结果
10.The survey shows that students are doing a lot to help protect the environment.
这次调查表明学生们正在许多事情来帮助保护环境。
11.There are still many more things (that) they can do（定从）.
他们仍然有更多得多的事情可以做。
12.look nicer with more trees around 周围带有更多的树木看起来更加漂亮
13.Air pollution is harmful to our health. 空气污染对我们的健康是有害的。
14.help keep soil in place during storms 帮助保持土壤在暴风雨中不流失
★in place 在正确的位置 = in the right place
15.reduce dust and help keep the air clean 减少灰尘并帮助保持空气清洁
16.provide home for animals 给动物提供家园
五、Study skills
（一）Checking your work 检查你的工作（作业、作品）
错误类型： W--word usage mistake 单词用法错误 P--punctuation mistake 标点错误
S--spelling mistake 拼写错误 M--missing word 漏词
G-- grammatical mistake 语法错误
（二）重点短语句型。
1.depend on natural resources to live 依靠自然资源来生存
2.have a wider use for factories 对工厂来说有更广阔的用途
3.be dug up from the ground 从地底下被挖出来
4.use them wisely 明智地使用他们
5.be thrown away carelessly 被满不在乎地扔掉 【拓展：carelessness 名词：粗心】
6.Coal, oil and natural gas be formed over thousands or even millions of years.
煤炭、石油和天然气的形成需要数千年甚至数百万年。
【注】 ①form 作动词：形成
【作及物动词时常用被动语态；做不及物动词时常用主动语态表被动】
②form 作名词：形式; 外表; 表格
7. ★if possible = if sb. can 如果可能的话
六、Task
1.change for the worse 变得更加糟糕 = become worse
2. It’s time for us to go green. 是访我们过绿色生活的时候了。
★go green 生产或使用绿色产品
中考链接：
翻译：我们的环境正变得越来越糟糕，所以是时候环保了。
3.In order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room.
为了节约电能，我们应该在离开房间的时候关灯。
4. be in use 投入使用 The Yangzhou subway will be in use. 扬州地铁将投入使用。
5. take our own bags when shopping 当购物时带上我们自己的购物袋
6. We should separate waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.
我们应该将垃圾分类成不同的组别，以便于被回收利用。
【区分】 ★①so .... that .... 如此.....以致..... 【that 常引导结果状语从句】
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
★②......so that .. ......以便于，为了..... 【so that 常引导目的状语从句】
I'll give you a key so that you can let yourself in.
我把钥匙给你，你可以自己开门进去。
7.develop a green lifestyle 养成环保的生活方式
8.Here are some simple steps to take. 这儿是一些可采用的简单的步骤。
【simply 副词：简直】I simply adore his music! 我简直太喜爱他的音乐了！
9. Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth.
遵循这些小步骤，你可以对地球产生大影响
课后练习
一、单项选择
( )1.We should try our best to make _____ world that is safer, cleaner and healthier than _____ one we are living in now.
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; the D. a；the
( )2. All the flowers have come out. The sweet smell ________ the whole room and make me comfortable.
A. rushes B. fills C. covers D. spreads
( )3.---How soon ________ the underground Line 4 ________
--- ________ the end of next month.
A. has; been used; Not until B. will; be used; Until
C. will; be in use; Not until D. has; been in use; Until
( )4.Try to guess its meaning when you meet a new word. Don’t just your dictionary all the time.
A. look on B. take on C. keep on D. depend on
( )5. It’s a good manner to be while watching the raising of our national flag.
A. happy B. serious C. kind D. generous
( )6. ---The book says trees can help keep soil ______during storms.
---That’s why more trees next spring.
A.in place; will be planted B.in the place; are planted
C.in place; are planted D.in the place; will be planted
( )7.---Who does the cooking when your parents are not at home
---If we are hungry, we _____________order fast food.
A. simply B. exactly C. properly D. hardly
( )8.---How is your new teacher
---We _________ ask for a better one. All our classmates love her so much.
A. could B. couldn’t C. should D. shouldn’t
( )9.Please leave your name and telephone number ______ our manager can call you back later.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. in order to
( )10.---Why did your family buy a second-hand car
---We couldn't afford a new car, but even an old one is better than .
A. nothing B. either C. neither D. none
( )11. ---May we leave the classroom now
---No, you ________. You ________ to leave until the bell rings.
A. needn’t; aren’t allowed B. may not; are allowed
C. mustn’t; aren’t allowed D. can’t; are allowed
( )12.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. am missing
( )13.When his property (财产) ________, he had to borrow money from his relatives.
A. was run out B. has run out C. ran out D. is run out
( )14.---Mr Smiths, would you please teach me how to draw on the computer
---Oh, you know ________ You have to learn to type first.
A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Learn to walk before you run.
C. A good beginning is half done. D. The early bird catches the worm.
( )15.---I'm going to sell all your old books. They're taking up(占据) too much space.
--- ________! They’re treasures. You sell them, you take my life.
A. What a pity B. You can't be serious C. Sounds great D. Couldn’t agree more.
二、完型填空
I never thought I would be a “runner”. I was the girl who ran slowest in the PE class. A few years ago, I was walking with a group of ____1____ in the Race for the Cure, a 5km race designed to ___2_____ money for the fight against breast cancer(癌), ___3____ one lady caught my eye.
She was one of the weakest-looking women I’ve ever seen. She must have been close to seventy years old, wearing a T-shirt with the word “Survivor”. She was so small that it seemed as if she could even be turned ___4_____ by a strong wind. But, she was running. And she was ___5_____ me and my group of friends. She ran slowly, but determinedly(坚定地)—as if each step ___6___ her cancer further into her past. Right at that moment, I ___7_____ that in the next Race for the Cure, I’d be running along with her.
A week later, I found myself in the gym, running on the treadmill(跑步机). Three minutes after I started, my face was bright red. I felt like my lungs were going to burst. I had to slow down to a walk. I thought of the woman at the race. I kept it up. I was able to go a little ____8____ each time. Three and a half minutes. Four minutes. Five.
A year later, I was again at the Race for the Cure, but this time, I ____9____ with the runners. When the race started, the other runners passed me by. I ran forward. I wondered if I’d be able to do it. But then, I remembered the brave woman. I ran as fast as I could until I finally crossed that finish line. I had just finished my first race! I looked down at my legs, amazed. They had done something I’d never thought ___10___. I have never felt stronger than at that moment. And, I knew that I wanted to do it again.
( )1. A. friends B. teachers C. students D. patients
( )2. A. save B. use C. make D. raise
( )3. A. while B. when C. until D. before
( )4. A. off B. up C. down D. over
( )5. A. passing B. watching C. greeting D. calling
( )6. A. pulled B. pushed C. brought D. took
( )7. A. learned B. decided C. agreed D. explained
( )8. A. earlier B. longer C. harder D. farther
( )9. A. watched B. queued C. walked D. talked
( )10. A. good B. right C. possible D. necessary
三、阅读理解
A
“It must be perfect” Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test before handing in her paper. She got 100 percent today she’d win her class’s First-Quarter Spelling Challenge along with a new dictionary and other cool things. What’s more, Ms.McCormack had promised to do a handstand if anyone got a perfect score.
After the break, Ms. McConnack walked to the front of the room and cleared her throat (嗓子). “Congratulations, Karie! You did it! ” She announced while upside down. The whole class cheered. Ms.McCormack righted herself and presented Karie with her prize. Karie smiled as she read the words on the box: To Karie Carter For her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.
“Mum, everything’s so perfect!” As soon as Kaire was at home, she showed Mum her spelling test and prize. “Every word is so perfect! Nicely, honesly...” Karie’s stomach tumbled (翻滚).H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! Not honestly! “Karie, what’s the matter ” said Mum.
“I don’t feel so good, ” Karie said, stuffing the test paper into her schoolbag.
Karie walked slowly down the hall and fell onto her bed. How could she tell the class she hadn't won the prize after all McCormack did the handstand for nothing
Soon Karie heard her dad and Kevin come in. The smell of pizza from the kitchen was all over the air. Karie thought back to the last time they’d picked up pizza, after Kevin’s school play. They had almost reached home when Mom realized the shopkeeper had given them too much change. “Let’s turn around,” Mom had said.
McCormack was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning. She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary. “I can’t keep this. I misspelled honestly and you didn't catch it.”
For a moment, McCormack stood quietly reading the words on the paper. Then she picked up her pen. She crossed out the word perfect and wrote honest before handing the dictionary back to Karie.
Karie’s jaw (下巴) dropped. “I get to keep this Honestly ” “For honestly, no.” “But for honesty, yes.”
( )1. How did Karie feel when she handed in her paper after the test
A. Calm. B. Bored. C. Confident. D. Worried.
( )2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Karie never thought she would ever win the test.
B. Karie was surprised to know she could keep the prize.
C. McCormack was sure that someone would get a perfect score.
D. McCormack didn’t do a handstand because of Karie's mistake.
( )3. Which of the following shows the correct time order of the events
a. Karie realized she had made a mistake. b. Karie’s teacher did a handstand.
d. Karie kept the prize for her honesty. c. Karie’s mum returned the change.
A. b-a-d-c. B. b-a-c-d. C. c-a-b-d. D. c-b-a-d.
( )4. Which can be the best title of the passage
A. A Perfect Girl B. A Helpful Teacher C. An Honest Mistake D. An Important Test
B
A company called OpenAI has recently announced a new version (版本) of its AI artist, DALL-E 2. Given just a short sentence describing a picture, the tool can create(创造)different pictures in many different styles.
The name “DALL-E” mixes the name of the robot in the movie WALL-E, and the name of the famous Spanish artist Salvador Dalí. He painted amazing, but impossible pictures. Like Dalí, DALL-E 2 can create pictures that are unbelievable, for example, Teddy bears doing crazy experiments as scientists.
OpenAI has already changed the world once with its AI writing tool, GPT-3. GPT-3 was trained on a great deal of writing in many different styles. When it was released (发布) in 2020, it surprised people by quickly creating complete, well-written articles in different styles. It is so powerful that OpenAI has tried to be prudent when it comes to how it allows people to use the tool, to make sure that it isn’t used for harmful purposes.
DALL-E actually grew out of an effort to apply (应用) GPT-3 to pictures. OpenAI released the first version of DALL-E in 2021. DALL-E 2 is even more powerful. DALL-E 2 has been trained on huge numbers of pictures with matching descriptions, which means it “knows” a lot about how different things look, even when they’re shown in different styles, such as a photo, a painting or even a cartoon.
The user can select an area of an image (图像) and ask DALL-E 2 to put something into the picture, or take it out. Some artists are worried that it will take their place if a computer system can create such high-quality pictures so easily. OpenAI says the tool will allow artists to be creative in new ways.
To make sure the tool isn’t misused, OpenAI already has strict rules about the types of pictures that can be created with DALL-E. One of those rules prevents DALL-E from creating realistic pictures of actual (真实的) people. By now, the company hasn’t released DALL-E 2. Instead, it is allowing a small number of people to work with the tool to learn more about what works well, and to discover possible problems.
( )5.The name “DALL-E” comes from __________.
A. a film and a robot B. a toy and a robot
C. an artist and a robot D. a company and a movie
( )6.What does the underlined word “prudent” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Careful. B. Confident. C. Patient. D. Modest.
( )7.The most suitable place for the sentence “Does DALL-E 2 have anything new ” is __________.
A. at the beginning of Paragraph 3 B. at the beginning of Paragraph 4
C. at the beginning of Paragraph 5 D. at the beginning of Paragraph 6
( )8.What can be a suitable title for the text
A. How DALL-E 2 Makes Use of GPT-3 B. Why Open AI Develops Its DALL-E 2
C. DALL-E 2 Helps Offer Artists New Jobs D. From Words, DALL-E 2 Creates Pictures
四、词汇运用
Scientists are working on water________________(循环利用) to save water.
China is a great country with rich natural____________(资源).
3.Mike felt sleepy at the concert because he __________(简单地) has no interest in music.
4. The ____________ (调查) have shown that more than half of the children like US TV series best.
5. They spent all morning _______________ (挖) in the garden to find gold.
6. The _____________(different) between the two cars are very clear.
7.Doctors have warned against the ____________(harm) effects of smoking.
8. More laws must be made to prevent people ___________(pollution) the environment.
9. Students should be taught to use their money _______________ (wise).
10.Hans, you've (care) left the electric fan on twice. Please remember to turn it off next time.
五、动词填空
1.—Why do you turn a deaf ear to my words again
—Oh, I’m sorry. I (think) about something else. I do beg your pardon.
2. People _____________ (punish) whenever they break the law.
3. Everyone ____________ (ask) to turn off their mobile phones before the meeting started.
4. People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years.
5.Do you think Tom ___________(avoid) meeting me I haven’t seen him all day.
6.---Why were you late for the interview
---Because I __________(catch) in the heavy traffic during the morning rush hour.
7.The police warn people, especially young women, __________ (not jog) alone at night.
8.It’s said scientists have found a new type of energy that (not run) out.
六、完成句子
1.“不乱扔垃圾”虽然是一件小事，但却可以使环境大为改观。
‘No littering’ is only a small matter, but it ___________________________________.
2.他还下不了决心戒烟，多可惜啊！
He _____________________________________________yet. What a pity!
3.去年新冠爆发期间，这家旅馆曾为病人免费供应膳宿。
Free room and board ___________________________________in this hotel during the outbreak of COVID-19 last year.
4.垃圾分分类，环境美十分。
If the waste ____________________________, our environment will be more beautiful.
5.昨天有人因砍伐树木而被罚款。
Yesterday someone .
6.离开家时记得关闭电源。
Remember when you leave home.
7.如果周围有更多的污染，我们的生活肯定会更糟糕。
Our life will surely be worse .
七、七选五（有两项多余）
Winston Churchill once said, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” These are certainly words that millions of volunteers around the world could agree with.
In the US, April is National Volunteer Month, to praise and thank volunteers who lend their time, talent, and support to what they care about.
__1__ People who volunteer spend their time doing things they feel strongly about. For example, animal lovers may volunteer at an animal centre to help improve the treatment of animals.
Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices. __2__
Take Andrew Makhoul, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn’t spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19 year old boy decided to do something for people who were less lucky than himself. He travelled to an orphanage(孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central America. __3__ And it depends on volunteers to stay open.
Andrew doesn’t speak much Spanish, but he found communication wasn’t a problem, “You communicated with love,” according to an article on his university’s website. And what he gave out, he got back, “__4__” Andrew’s first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew he’d be back soon—because he saw love and hope.
US author Sherry Anderson once wrote, “__5__” And this is perhaps why volunteers all around the world keep doing what they do—their work is “priceless”．
A. It’s a chance for poor children to get better care and support. B. Life will be difficult, but I have the confidence to live a happy, full life. C. For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering. D. Volunteers don’t get paid, not because they’re worthless, but because they’re priceless. E. It is in one of the poorest parts of the country. F. You could see love when you looked in their eyes. G. Volunteering means choosing to work without being paid.
U8参考答案
一、1-5 DBCDB 6-10 AABCD 11-15 CBCBB
二、ADBDA BBBBC
三、CBDC CACD
四、1. recycling 2. resources 3. simply 4. surveys 5.digging
6. differences 7.harmful 8.polluting 9. wisely 10. carelessly
五、1. was thinking 2.will be punished 3.was asked 4. has risen 5. is avoiding 6.was caught 7.not to jog 8.won’t run
六、1. can make a big difference to the environment
2. hasn’t made up his mind to give up smoking
3.used to be provided for the patients
4.is separated into different groups
5. was fined because of cutting down trees
6. to turn off the power
7.if there is more pollution around
七、GCEFD
一、单项选择
( )1.We should try our best to make _____ world that is safer, cleaner and healthier than _____ one we are living in now.
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; the D. a；the
( )2.I just can't say ________ I want to go back to my motherland I've been away for nearly ten years.
A. how much B. how soon C. how often D. how long
( )3.---How soon ________ the underground Line 4 ________
--- ________ the end of next month.
A. has; been used; Not until B. will; be used; Until
C. will; be in use; Not until D. has; been in use; Until
( )4.Try to guess its meaning when you meet a new word. Don’t just your dictionary all the time.
A. look on B. take on C. keep on D. depend on
( )5. It’s a good manner to be while watching the raising of our national flag.
A. happy B. serious C. kind D. generous
( )6. ---The book says trees can help keep soil ______during storms.
---That’s why more trees next spring.
A.in place; will be planted B.in the place; are planted
C.in place; are planted D.in the place; will be planted
( )7. What _____________ it is to go surfing in______________ weather!
A. a great fun; so fine B. a great fun; such a fine
C. great fun; so fine a D. great fun; such fine
( )8.No rules all things, will not be long. Without proper lessons, you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.
A. give up B. catch up C. keep up D. pick up
( )9.---I think swimming _______our health.
--- I agree. But swimming in a polluted river _________our health.
A.is good for; do harm to B.is good to; is harmful to
C.is good to; does harm to D.is good for; is harmful to
( )10.---Why did your family buy a second-hand car
---We couldn't afford a new car, but even an old one is better than .
A. Nothing B. either C. neither D. none
( )11.Look! The wooden house is on fire. The dry woods in the house ________ and I’m afraid they ________ soon.
A. are burned; will be put out B. are burning; will be put out
C. are burning; will be burned up D. are burned; will be burned up
( )12.---Look at what you wrote here, you made a ________ mistake again.
---Oh, yes. “wisely” should be “wise” here.
A. word usage B. spelling C. grammatical D. missing word
( )13.We humans, animals and plants are all things. Air and water keep us .
A. living, alive B. alive, living C. living, living D. alive, alive
( )14.---Does she like singing English songs
---Yes, she is often heard __________ English songs in her room,
A. sing B.to sing C. singing D. sung
( )15.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. am missing
( )16.---He never tells us he can make model plane.
---In fact he can and often wins in the competition. _________.
A. Actions speak louder than words B. Many hands make light work
C. No pain, no gain D. The early bird catches the worm.
( )17.When his property (财产) ________, he had to borrow money from his relatives.
A. was run out B. has run out C. ran out D. is run out
( )18.--- We must work hard to gain more knowledge ________ we are young.
--- I can't agree more
A. since B. until C. if D. while
( )19.---I'm going to sell all your old books. They're taking up too much space.
--- ________! They’re treasures. You sell them, you take my life.
A. What a pity B. You can't be serious C. Sounds great D. Couldn’t agree more.
二、词汇运用
A.根据中文提示填写合适单词形式
Scientists are working on water________________(循环利用) to save water.
China is a great country with rich natural____________(资源).
Did you know when the earth was __________(形成)
In fact, the problem isn’t as ___________(简单的) as we thought.
We should take ____________(措施) to prevent wars happening again.
6. The _______________ (调查) have shown that more than half of the children like US TV series best.
7. They spent all morning _______________ (挖) in the garden to find gold.
B.用所给英文单词的正确形式填空
1. The _____________(different) between the two cars are very clear.
2. His father made him stay in the room for a whole day as a ___________(punish).
3.Doctors have warned against the ____________(harm) effects of smoking.
4. More laws must be made to prevent people ___________(pollution) the environment.
5. Students should be taught to use their money _______________ (wise).
6.You will have a car accident if you keep driving (care).
三、动词填空
We all love Mr. Hu who is very kind and ____________(treat) us as his own children.
2. People _____________ (punish) if they break the law any time.
3. Everyone _______________ (ask) to turn off their mobile phones before the meeting started.
4. People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years.
5. You can never know what great difficulty we have at that time (solve) the problem.
6.---Hello, I ____________(call) to make sure if Dr. King will be free tonight.
---Hold on, please.
四、完成句子
1.“不乱扔垃圾”虽然是一件小事，但却可以使环境大为改观。
‘No littering’ is only a small matter, but it ___________________________________.
2.他还下不了决心戒烟，多可惜啊！
He ___________________________________yet. What a pity!
3.去年新冠爆发期间，这家旅馆曾为病人免费供应膳宿。
Free room and board ___________________________________in this hotel during the outbreak of COVID-19 last year.
4.老师把孩子们分成了两组。
The children by the teacher.
5. 昨天有人因砍伐树木而被罚款。
Yesterday someone .
6. 你有机会和他们密切合作来获得成功。
You get ________________________________________________ achieve success.
五、完型填空
One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color？”
I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick stop at the grocery store. I have something to show you.”
At grocery store, we bought some apples—red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to answer your question.” I put one apple of each 2 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 3 look on his face.
“People are like apples. They come in all different colors, shapes and sizes. On the outside, some of the apples may not 4 look as the others.” As I was talking, Adam was looking at each one carefully.
Then, I took each of the apples and peeled(削皮) them, 5 them back on the table, but 6 a different place.
“Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.”
He said, “I 7 tell. They all look the same now.” “Take a bite of each one .See if that helps you 8 which one is which.”
He took big bites, and then a huge smile came across his face. “People are just like apples! They are all different, but once you 9 the outside, they’re pretty much the same on the inside.”
He totally 10 it. I didn’t need to say or do anything else.
( )1.A. however B．so C．because D．if
( )2.A. size B．type C．shape D．class
( )3.A. worried B．satisfied C．proud D．curious
( )4.A. still B．even C．only D．even
( )5A. placing B．keeping C．pulling D．giving
( )6.A. on B．toward C．for D．in
( )7.A. mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
( )8.A. agree B．discuss C．decide D．believe
( )9.A. put away B．get down C．hand out D．take off
( )10.A. made B．took C．got D．did
六、阅读理解
A
Down by the Salley Gardens
By William Butler Yeats
Down by the salley gardens
My love and I did meet;
She passed the salley gardens
With little snow-white feet.
She bid(嘱咐) me take love easy,
As the leaves grow on the tree;
But I being young and foolish,
With her would not agree.
In a field by the river
My love and I did stand,
And on my leaning shoulder
She laid(放置) her snow-white______.
She bid me take life easy,
As the grass grows on the weirs.
But I was young and foolish.And now am full of tears.
( )1. This may be a ___________written by Yeats.
A. story B. poem C. notice D. letter
( )2. The best word to fill in the blank of Line 12 should be ___________.
A. hand B. face C. head D. arm
( )3. The writer wants to tell us that ___________.
A. he should take everything easy B. he is as foolish as he used to be
C. he passed the garden with love D. he is sorry with tears now
B
Babies don’t learn to talk just from hearing sounds, They are lip (嘴唇) readers too. It happens during the period when a baby’s babbling (咿呀声) slowly changes from unclear voices into that first “mama” or “dada”. The babies have to find out how to shape their lips to make that particular sound they are hearing, according to developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study.
Clearly it doesn’t take them too long to understand the movements that match basic sounds. By their first birthdays, babies start changing back to look you in the eye again. It offers more evidence (证据) that quality face-time with babies is very important for speech development more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD.
But Lewkowicz went a step further. He and his student Amy Hansen Tift tested nearly 180 babies, groups of them at ages 4, 6,8,10 and 12 months. How They showed videos of a woman speaking in English or French to babies of English speakers. They found that when the speaker used English, the 4-montlr-old babies gazed(凝视)mostly into her eyes. The 6-month-old babies spent equal amounts(数量) of time looking at the eyes and the mouth. The 8-month-old babies and 10-month-old babies studied-mostly the mouth. At 12 months, attention started changing back toward the speaker’s eyes.
But what happened when these babies are used to English heard French The 12-month-old babies studied the mouth longer, just like younger babies. They needed the extra information to understand the unfamiliar(不熟悉的) sounds. That fits with research into bilingualism(双语) that shows babies’ brains adjust(调整) themselves to tell the differences between the sounds of their native(本国的) language over other languages in the first year of life.
The continued lip reading shows the l-year-old babies clearly still are fit for learning. Babies are so hard to study, says Duke University cognitive scientist Greg Appelbaum, who found the research so fantastic that he wants to know more.
( )4.According to the first paragraph, babies ________.
A. might get its voice “mama” by lip reading B. like to find out how to shape their lips
C. learn to talk just from hearing the sounds D. communicate with parents by gestures
( )5.Which of the following shows the right change of babies’ eye gaze according to the text
A. B.
C. D.
( )6.What would be the best title of the text
A. Babies Have Different Methods to Talk B. Babies Try Lip-reading in Learning to Talk
C. Babies Are Suitable to Learn Two Languages D. Babies Can Easily Accept Foreign Language
七、根据内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you ever seen a squid(乌贼) before Maybe you have seen one on television. ①_____ There are a lot of fantastic things to know about squids. Let's take a closer look together!
Squids belong to a group of ocean animals called "mollusks(软体动物)". ②_____ Their bodies are very soft. Squids' bodies are long, but their heads are very short. Around its mouth, there are eight arms and two long tentacles(触须).
Do you know where squids live Well, squids live in both water and fresh water. They like to live quite deep in the ocean. Some can be found more than 13,000 feet (3,962 metres) deep. ③_____
Do you know what squids eat Squids are carnivores (肉食动物). ④_____ They eat lots of fish. Sometimes they even eat smaller squids.
⑤_____ No matter what their size is or what they eat, the average lifespan(平均寿命) of a squid is only about three to five years.
Scientists have discovered more than 300 types of squids. There could be as many as 200 more types that we still have to discover.
A. That means they only eat meat.
B. Or you may have seen it in a big forest.
C. That's because squids do not have bones.
D. They eat hundreds of tons of fish except squids.
E. You may have even seen one in the ocean on a family vacation.
F. You might be surprised to know that squids do not live a very long life.
G. But sometimes they like to swim in shallow waters, or even along the coast.
U8参考答案
一、1-5 DACDB 6-10 ADDAD 11-15 CAABB 16-19ACDB
二、1. recycling 2. resources 3. formed 4.simple 5. steps 6. surveys 7.digging
1. differences 2. punishment 3. harmful 4. polluting 5. wisely 6. carelessly
三、1. treats 2.will be punished 3.was asked 4. has risen 5. Solving 6.am calling
四、1. can make a big difference to the environment
2. hasn’t made up his mind to give up smoking
3.used to be provided for the patients
4.was separated into two groups by
5. was fined for/because of cutting down trees
6. a chance to work closely with them to
五、DBDBA DBCDC
六、BAD ADB
七、ECGAF
一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit.
1. be going to do sth. 打算做某事
【例句】The money we raise will be going to a very worthy cause.
我们筹集的钱款将用于非常崇高的事业。
2.More trees will be planted. 将要种更多的树。 【将来时的被动语态】
中考链接：
--The work________(finish) in one week.
3. be good for… 对……有好处
be good at意为“擅长”。
【例句】Taking exercise is good for health.运动对健康有益。
Are you good at English 你擅长英语吗？
【词组】be weak in 在某方面薄弱/不擅长
do well in = be good at擅长
do harm to = be harmful to多某某有害
5. plant breadfruit trees 种植水果面包树
6.Are you serious 你是认真（严肃）的吗？
7.reduce air pollution by riding bicycles 通过骑自行车减少空气污染
8.save water by taking shorter showers 通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水
9.save energy by turning off the lights 通过关灯来节约能源
10.protect the environment by recycling waste 通过回收垃圾来保护环境
11.live a green life 过绿色生活 【live a happy life 过幸福生活】
12.drive me to school 开车送我去上学
13. cause serious air pollution 引起严重的空气污染
★be serious about… 对…认真
【例句】Be serious about your connection to Spirit.
认真对待你与心灵的联系。
14.It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.
对人们来说选择公共交通或骑自行车是明智的。
二、Reading
1. try to keep it that way 尽力让它保持原来那样
that way意为“这样；那样；那边”。way可以和this、that等连用。
【例句】Why does he act this way 他为什么这样做？
2. be separated into different groups 被分成不同的类群
separate... into.... 把......分成........(若干部分)
3.an organization for recycling clothes 一个回收旧衣服的组织
4.collect old clothes from all over（= around) the country 收集来自全国的旧衣服
5.Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling. 【some...., some....., others......】
6.have many laws to protect the environment 有许多法律来保护环境
7.We are not allowed to cut down trees. 我们不被允许砍伐树木。
★①allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 → sb. be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事
★②allow doing sth. 允许做某事。
中考链接：
--My boss does not allow me ______(use)the mobile phone.
--We are only allowed ______(smoke)in this house.
★③cut down 砍伐,砍下 【动副词组，代词放中间】
中考链接：
--( ) The tree is dead. Please_______.
A. cut down it B. cut it down C. cut it out D. cut out it
8.be punished 被惩罚
9.be fined 被罚款
10. limit air and water pollution 限制空气和水污染
11.depend on its rich resources 依靠它丰富的资源
★【重点】depend on sth. / sb. 依靠某物/某人
【扩展】be rich in.... 富含.... e.g: Tomatoes are rich in Vitamin C. 西红柿富含维 C.
中考链接：
--You should avoid d______ on your parents.
12. protect it wisely 明智地保护它 wise adj.明智的 wisely adv.明智地 wisdom n.智慧
中考链接：
--After reading the touching story, I know I should spend my money ________(明智地).
13.use energy from the sun 使用来自太阳的能量
14.These new types of energy cost very little. 这些新型能源成本很低（花钱少）
中考链接：
--( )The bike_______ him about 350 yuan yesterday.
A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid
15. ★run out 用光；耗尽 （无被动） = be used up
The time will run out. = The time will be used up.
run out和run out of这两个短语都有“用完”的意思，但用法不同。run out作不及物短语，表示“被用完；被耗尽；（人）把东西用完（或花光）”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词，而run out of则是及物短语，表示主动，其主语通常为人。
【例句】My money is running out.我的钱快用完了。
中考链接：
--( )Is the time_______
A. run out B. running out C. running out of D. ran out
--( )I'm afraid that this type of energy will if we continue to waste it．
A. run out B. break out C. come down D. fall down
--( )The energy from the sun and the wind is very cheap and it will never ________.
A. come out B. put out C. get out D. run out
--( )―We must take action to protect our earth right now as time is _______.
―Yes. Let's get started.
coming out B. going out C. putting out D. running out
16. produce little pollution 产生很少的污染 【produce 动词：生产；产生】
【扩展】product 名词：产品；production 名词：产量
17.World Environment Day 世界环境日
18.Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.
请记住每个人都能做些事来（对环境）产生影响/起到作用。
★① make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某物产生影响/起到作用 【to 为介词 】
【例句】It is never too late to make a difference to our environment.
为我们的环境做出的任何改变永远都不嫌晚。
扩展： make a difference to doing sth. 【to 为介词 】
★②different (adj) → difference (n.)
19.What do they do with old clothes 他们如何处理旧衣服？
= How do they deal with old clothes
【回顾】what ....do with ....？ = how.... deal with......？ 如何处理......？
三、Grammar :一般将来时的被动语态。
【语法】A.一般将来时的被动语态：
结构：will be + 过去分词 或 am/is/are going to + 过去分词
Eg:①The show will be held in the town square.
②A lot of activities are going to be organized next week.
【语法】B.特殊句型的被动语态：
含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch ,feel 等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带 to 的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的 to 再加上去，另外 help 这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带 to, 也可不带 to, 但在被动语态中也必须把 to 加上去。
例：①Mother often makes me do some housework.
→I am often made to do some housework by mother.
②We saw him run into the classroom.
→He was seen to run into the classroom by us.
teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell 等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词 to/for。
例：①Ｓhe gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.
→I was given a pen by her. →A pen was given to me by her.
②My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.
→I was bought a new bike by my father.
→A new bike was bought for me by my father.
由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉
例：①Ｗe should speak to old people politely.
→Old people should be spoken to politely (by us).
②He took away the box.
→The box was taken away by him.
含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变）
例：①We call him Xiao Ma.
主 谓 宾 宾补
→Ｈe is called Xiao Ma by us.
②He found the book very interesting.
→The book was found very interesting by him.
【语法】C.没有被动语态的动词：
在英语中，有些不及物动词的主动语态可以表示被动意义。这些不及物动词有：
1.表示开始和结束的动词没有被动语态，如：begin, start, finish, end, close 等，当主语为“事物”且不强调动作的执行者时。例如：
①The meeting will begin at 8:00a.m. tomorrow.
②The library opens at 9:00a.m. and closes at 5:00 p.m.
2. ★某些表示“发生”意义的不及物动词如：happen= take place 无被动语态，如：
③Many changes have happened in our hometown.（happen 没有被动形式）
3. ★大多数系动词：feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，
taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。 例：
④Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。(用主动表示被动意义)
⑤The food tastes delicious. (用主动表示被动意义)
⑥This idea sounds great. (用主动表示被动意义)
4.某些可与 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词无被动，
★如：read, write, wash, sell 等。例如：
⑦This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。(用主动表示被动意义)
⑧The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。(用主动表示被动意义)
⑨This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。(用主动表示被动意义)
5.有些不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear, die ,disappear, fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, ...
⑩The film lasted for 3 hours. （last 没有被动形式）
6.need doing sth. 含有被动意义。
⑾My watch needs repairing.= My watch needs to be repaired.我的手表修理。
★need doing = need to be done
【语法】D. 被动语态与系表结构：
1.The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态)
2.The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作）
【语法】E. 被动语态与过去分词短语作后置定语:
1.The cat is called Mimi.
2.There is a cat (called Mimi) in the house.
【语法】F. 与被动语态相关的一些短语：
1. be covered with + 雪、树林等 be covered by + 森林等
2. be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料）
【例句】The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
be made from 由……制成（不能看出原材料）
【例句】We all know that the paper is made from wood.
我们都知道纸是由木头制成的
be made in +年代、地点
3. be used as…. 被用来作为….
【例句】In the past, cloth and knives can be used as money.
在过去，刀和布匹可以被当作钱用
be used to do sth. = be used for (doing) sth. 被用来做某事
【例句】Computers can be used to do a lot of work now.
如今电脑可用来做许多事。
4.be surprised by/at…对…感到惊奇
【语法】G. 重点短语句型
1.The show will be held at the town hall. 表演将在镇上大礼堂被举行。
=The show will take place at the town hall. 【take place 没有被动】
2.be thrown into lakes 被扔进湖里
3.The air is filled with pollution. 【be filled with 被装满 = be full of 充满】
4.make people ill/sick 使人们生病 = make people get illness
5.More people will be hurt in the future if it is not cleaned up. 【clean up：清理（动副词组）】
6.As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. 和人类一样,动物也受到污染的伤害。
★①harm sb. = do harm to sb. 伤害某人 【harm 动词或名词：伤害】
★②be harmful to sb. 对某人是有害的 【harmful 形容词：有害的】
7.land and water pollution 土地和水污染
8.If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution. ★①act to do sth. = take action to do sth.采取行动做某事
★②living things 活着的东西（生物）
【区分】living 形容词：活着的（常作定语修饰名词，也可作表语构成系表结构）
alive 形容词：活着的（只能作表语构成系表结构，不能作定语修饰名词）
lively 形容词：生动的、充满生机的
live 形容词：直播的
9.All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us.
①have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 ②think about 考虑
10.work together 合作
四、Integrated skills
1.do a survey on sth. 做一个关于某事的调查
2.a survey on students’ daily habits 关于学生日常习惯
3.turn off the tape while brushing teeth 当刷牙的时侯关掉水龙头
★①turn on/off 打开/关闭（电器、水龙头） 【动副词组】
★②turn up/down 调高/调低音量 【动副词组】
4.less than 10 minutes 少于 10 分钟 → more than 10 minutes 多于 10 分钟
5.the number of students 学生的数量
6.use both sides of the paper 用纸的两面
7.recycle empty bottles 回收空瓶子
8.turn off the lights 关灯
9.the result(s) of the survey 调查的结果
10.The survey shows that students are doing a lot to help protect the environment.
这次调查表明学生们正在许多事情来帮助保护环境。
11.There are still many more things (that) they can do（定从）.
他们仍然有更多得多的事情可以做。
12.look nicer with more trees around 周围带有更多的树木看起来更加漂亮
13.Air pollution is harmful to our health. 空气污染对我们的健康是有害的。
14.help keep soil in place during storms 帮助保持土壤在暴风雨中不流失
★in place 在正确的位置 = in the right place
15.reduce dust and help keep the air clean 减少灰尘并帮助保持空气清洁
16.provide home for animals 给动物提供家园
五、Study skills
（一）Checking your work 检查你的工作（作业、作品）
错误类型： W--word usage mistake 单词用法错误 P--punctuation mistake 标点错误
S--spelling mistake 拼写错误 M--missing word 漏词
G-- grammatical mistake 语法错误
（二）重点短语句型。
1.depend on natural resources to live 依靠自然资源来生存
2.have a wider use for factories 对工厂来说有更广阔的用途
3.be dug up from the ground 从地底下被挖出来
4.use them wisely 明智地使用他们
5.be thrown away carelessly 被满不在乎地扔掉 【拓展：carelessness 名词：粗心】
6.Coal, oil and natural gas be formed over thousands or even millions of years.
煤炭、石油和天然气的形成需要数千年甚至数百万年。
【注】 ①form 作动词：形成
【作及物动词时常用被动语态；做不及物动词时常用主动语态表被动】
②form 作名词：形式; 外表; 表格
7. ★if possible = if sb. can 如果可能的话
六、Task
1.change for the worse 变得更加糟糕 = become worse
2. It’s time for us to go green. 是访我们过绿色生活的时候了。
★go green 生产或使用绿色产品
中考链接：
翻译：我们的环境正变得越来越糟糕，所以是时候环保了。
3.In order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room.
为了节约电能，我们应该在离开房间的时候关灯。
4. be in use 投入使用 The Yangzhou subway will be in use. 扬州地铁将投入使用。
5. take our own bags when shopping 当购物时带上我们自己的购物袋
6. We should separate waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.
我们应该将垃圾分类成不同的组别，以便于被回收利用。
【区分】 ★①so .... that .... 如此.....以致..... 【that 常引导结果状语从句】
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
★②......so that .. ......以便于，为了..... 【so that 常引导目的状语从句】
I'll give you a key so that you can let yourself in.
我把钥匙给你，你可以自己开门进去。
7.develop a green lifestyle 养成环保的生活方式
8.Here are some simple steps to take. 这儿是一些可采用的简单的步骤。
【simply 副词：简直】I simply adore his music! 我简直太喜爱他的音乐了！
9. Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth.
遵循这些小步骤，你可以对地球产生大影响
课后练习
一、单项选择
( )1.We should try our best to make _____ world that is safer, cleaner and healthier than _____ one we are living in now.
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; the D. a；the
( )2. All the flowers have come out. The sweet smell ________ the whole room and make me comfortable.
A. rushes B. fills C. covers D. spreads
( )3.---How soon ________ the underground Line 4 ________
--- ________ the end of next month.
A. has; been used; Not until B. will; be used; Until
C. will; be in use; Not until D. has; been in use; Until
( )4.Try to guess its meaning when you meet a new word. Don’t just your dictionary all the time.
A. look on B. take on C. keep on D. depend on
( )5. It’s a good manner to be while watching the raising of our national flag.
A. happy B. serious C. kind D. generous
( )6. ---The book says trees can help keep soil ______during storms.
---That’s why more trees next spring.
A.in place; will be planted B.in the place; are planted
C.in place; are planted D.in the place; will be planted
( )7.---Who does the cooking when your parents are not at home
---If we are hungry, we _____________order fast food.
A. simply B. exactly C. properly D. hardly
( )8.---How is your new teacher
---We _________ ask for a better one. All our classmates love her so much.
A. could B. couldn’t C. should D. shouldn’t
( )9.Please leave your name and telephone number ______ our manager can call you back later.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. in order to
( )10.---Why did your family buy a second-hand car
---We couldn't afford a new car, but even an old one is better than .
A. nothing B. either C. neither D. none
( )11. ---May we leave the classroom now
---No, you ________. You ________ to leave until the bell rings.
A. needn’t; aren’t allowed B. may not; are allowed
C. mustn’t; aren’t allowed D. can’t; are allowed
( )12.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. am missing
( )13.When his property (财产) ________, he had to borrow money from his relatives.
A. was run out B. has run out C. ran out D. is run out
( )14.---Mr Smiths, would you please teach me how to draw on the computer
---Oh, you know ________ You have to learn to type first.
A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Learn to walk before you run.
C. A good beginning is half done. D. The early bird catches the worm.
( )15.---I'm going to sell all your old books. They're taking up(占据) too much space.
--- ________! They’re treasures. You sell them, you take my life.
A. What a pity B. You can't be serious C. Sounds great D. Couldn’t agree more.
二、完型填空
I never thought I would be a “runner”. I was the girl who ran slowest in the PE class. A few years ago, I was walking with a group of ____1____ in the Race for the Cure, a 5km race designed to ___2_____ money for the fight against breast cancer(癌), ___3____ one lady caught my eye.
She was one of the weakest-looking women I’ve ever seen. She must have been close to seventy years old, wearing a T-shirt with the word “Survivor”. She was so small that it seemed as if she could even be turned ___4_____ by a strong wind. But, she was running. And she was ___5_____ me and my group of friends. She ran slowly, but determinedly(坚定地)—as if each step ___6___ her cancer further into her past. Right at that moment, I ___7_____ that in the next Race for the Cure, I’d be running along with her.
A week later, I found myself in the gym, running on the treadmill(跑步机). Three minutes after I started, my face was bright red. I felt like my lungs were going to burst. I had to slow down to a walk. I thought of the woman at the race. I kept it up. I was able to go a little ____8____ each time. Three and a half minutes. Four minutes. Five.
A year later, I was again at the Race for the Cure, but this time, I ____9____ with the runners. When the race started, the other runners passed me by. I ran forward. I wondered if I’d be able to do it. But then, I remembered the brave woman. I ran as fast as I could until I finally crossed that finish line. I had just finished my first race! I looked down at my legs, amazed. They had done something I’d never thought ___10___. I have never felt stronger than at that moment. And, I knew that I wanted to do it again.
( )1. A. friends B. teachers C. students D. patients
( )2. A. save B. use C. make D. raise
( )3. A. while B. when C. until D. before
( )4. A. off B. up C. down D. over
( )5. A. passing B. watching C. greeting D. calling
( )6. A. pulled B. pushed C. brought D. took
( )7. A. learned B. decided C. agreed D. explained
( )8. A. earlier B. longer C. harder D. farther
( )9. A. watched B. queued C. walked D. talked
( )10. A. good B. right C. possible D. necessary
三、阅读理解
A
“It must be perfect” Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test before handing in her paper. She got 100 percent today she’d win her class’s First-Quarter Spelling Challenge along with a new dictionary and other cool things. What’s more, Ms.McCormack had promised to do a handstand if anyone got a perfect score.
After the break, Ms. McConnack walked to the front of the room and cleared her throat (嗓子). “Congratulations, Karie! You did it! ” She announced while upside down. The whole class cheered. Ms.McCormack righted herself and presented Karie with her prize. Karie smiled as she read the words on the box: To Karie Carter For her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.
“Mum, everything’s so perfect!” As soon as Kaire was at home, she showed Mum her spelling test and prize. “Every word is so perfect! Nicely, honesly...” Karie’s stomach tumbled (翻滚).H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! Not honestly! “Karie, what’s the matter ” said Mum.
“I don’t feel so good, ” Karie said, stuffing the test paper into her schoolbag.
Karie walked slowly down the hall and fell onto her bed. How could she tell the class she hadn't won the prize after all McCormack did the handstand for nothing
Soon Karie heard her dad and Kevin come in. The smell of pizza from the kitchen was all over the air. Karie thought back to the last time they’d picked up pizza, after Kevin’s school play. They had almost reached home when Mom realized the shopkeeper had given them too much change. “Let’s turn around,” Mom had said.
McCormack was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning. She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary. “I can’t keep this. I misspelled honestly and you didn't catch it.”
For a moment, McCormack stood quietly reading the words on the paper. Then she picked up her pen. She crossed out the word perfect and wrote honest before handing the dictionary back to Karie.
Karie’s jaw (下巴) dropped. “I get to keep this Honestly ” “For honestly, no.” “But for honesty, yes.”
( )1. How did Karie feel when she handed in her paper after the test
A. Calm. B. Bored. C. Confident. D. Worried.
( )2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Karie never thought she would ever win the test.
B. Karie was surprised to know she could keep the prize.
C. McCormack was sure that someone would get a perfect score.
D. McCormack didn’t do a handstand because of Karie's mistake.
( )3. Which of the following shows the correct time order of the events
a. Karie realized she had made a mistake. b. Karie’s teacher did a handstand.
d. Karie kept the prize for her honesty. c. Karie’s mum returned the change.
A. b-a-d-c. B. b-a-c-d. C. c-a-b-d. D. c-b-a-d.
( )4. Which can be the best title of the passage
A. A Perfect Girl B. A Helpful Teacher C. An Honest Mistake D. An Important Test
B
A company called OpenAI has recently announced a new version (版本) of its AI artist, DALL-E 2. Given just a short sentence describing a picture, the tool can create(创造)different pictures in many different styles.
The name “DALL-E” mixes the name of the robot in the movie WALL-E, and the name of the famous Spanish artist Salvador Dalí. He painted amazing, but impossible pictures. Like Dalí, DALL-E 2 can create pictures that are unbelievable, for example, Teddy bears doing crazy experiments as scientists.
OpenAI has already changed the world once with its AI writing tool, GPT-3. GPT-3 was trained on a great deal of writing in many different styles. When it was released (发布) in 2020, it surprised people by quickly creating complete, well-written articles in different styles. It is so powerful that OpenAI has tried to be prudent when it comes to how it allows people to use the tool, to make sure that it isn’t used for harmful purposes.
DALL-E actually grew out of an effort to apply (应用) GPT-3 to pictures. OpenAI released the first version of DALL-E in 2021. DALL-E 2 is even more powerful. DALL-E 2 has been trained on huge numbers of pictures with matching descriptions, which means it “knows” a lot about how different things look, even when they’re shown in different styles, such as a photo, a painting or even a cartoon.
The user can select an area of an image (图像) and ask DALL-E 2 to put something into the picture, or take it out. Some artists are worried that it will take their place if a computer system can create such high-quality pictures so easily. OpenAI says the tool will allow artists to be creative in new ways.
To make sure the tool isn’t misused, OpenAI already has strict rules about the types of pictures that can be created with DALL-E. One of those rules prevents DALL-E from creating realistic pictures of actual (真实的) people. By now, the company hasn’t released DALL-E 2. Instead, it is allowing a small number of people to work with the tool to learn more about what works well, and to discover possible problems.
( )5.The name “DALL-E” comes from __________.
A. a film and a robot B. a toy and a robot
C. an artist and a robot D. a company and a movie
( )6.What does the underlined word “prudent” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Careful. B. Confident. C. Patient. D. Modest.
( )7.The most suitable place for the sentence “Does DALL-E 2 have anything new ” is __________.
A. at the beginning of Paragraph 3 B. at the beginning of Paragraph 4
C. at the beginning of Paragraph 5 D. at the beginning of Paragraph 6
( )8.What can be a suitable title for the text
A. How DALL-E 2 Makes Use of GPT-3 B. Why Open AI Develops Its DALL-E 2
C. DALL-E 2 Helps Offer Artists New Jobs D. From Words, DALL-E 2 Creates Pictures
四、词汇运用
Scientists are working on water________________(循环利用) to save water.
China is a great country with rich natural____________(资源).
3.Mike felt sleepy at the concert because he __________(简单地) has no interest in music.
4. The ____________ (调查) have shown that more than half of the children like US TV series best.
5. They spent all morning _______________ (挖) in the garden to find gold.
6. The _____________(different) between the two cars are very clear.
7.Doctors have warned against the ____________(harm) effects of smoking.
8. More laws must be made to prevent people ___________(pollution) the environment.
9. Students should be taught to use their money _______________ (wise).
10.Hans, you've (care) left the electric fan on twice. Please remember to turn it off next time.
五、动词填空
1.—Why do you turn a deaf ear to my words again
—Oh, I’m sorry. I (think) about something else. I do beg your pardon.
2. People _____________ (punish) whenever they break the law.
3. Everyone ____________ (ask) to turn off their mobile phones before the meeting started.
4. People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years.
5.Do you think Tom ___________(avoid) meeting me I haven’t seen him all day.
6.---Why were you late for the interview
---Because I __________(catch) in the heavy traffic during the morning rush hour.
7.The police warn people, especially young women, __________ (not jog) alone at night.
8.It’s said scientists have found a new type of energy that (not run) out.
六、完成句子
1.“不乱扔垃圾”虽然是一件小事，但却可以使环境大为改观。
‘No littering’ is only a small matter, but it ___________________________________.
2.他还下不了决心戒烟，多可惜啊！
He _____________________________________________yet. What a pity!
3.去年新冠爆发期间，这家旅馆曾为病人免费供应膳宿。
Free room and board ___________________________________in this hotel during the outbreak of COVID-19 last year.
4.垃圾分分类，环境美十分。
If the waste ____________________________, our environment will be more beautiful.
5.昨天有人因砍伐树木而被罚款。
Yesterday someone .
6.离开家时记得关闭电源。
Remember when you leave home.
7.如果周围有更多的污染，我们的生活肯定会更糟糕。
Our life will surely be worse .
七、七选五（有两项多余）
Winston Churchill once said, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” These are certainly words that millions of volunteers around the world could agree with.
In the US, April is National Volunteer Month, to praise and thank volunteers who lend their time, talent, and support to what they care about.
__1__ People who volunteer spend their time doing things they feel strongly about. For example, animal lovers may volunteer at an animal centre to help improve the treatment of animals.
Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices. __2__
Take Andrew Makhoul, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn’t spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19 year old boy decided to do something for people who were less lucky than himself. He travelled to an orphanage(孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central America. __3__ And it depends on volunteers to stay open.
Andrew doesn’t speak much Spanish, but he found communication wasn’t a problem, “You communicated with love,” according to an article on his university’s website. And what he gave out, he got back, “__4__” Andrew’s first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew he’d be back soon—because he saw love and hope.
US author Sherry Anderson once wrote, “__5__” And this is perhaps why volunteers all around the world keep doing what they do—their work is “priceless”．
A. It’s a chance for poor children to get better care and support. B. Life will be difficult, but I have the confidence to live a happy, full life. C. For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering. D. Volunteers don’t get paid, not because they’re worthless, but because they’re priceless. E. It is in one of the poorest parts of the country. F. You could see love when you looked in their eyes. G. Volunteering means choosing to work without being paid.
U8参考答案
一、1-5 DBCDB 6-10 AABCD 11-15 CBCBB
二、ADBDA BBBBC
三、CBDC CACD
四、1. recycling 2. resources 3. simply 4. surveys 5.digging
6. differences 7.harmful 8.polluting 9. wisely 10. carelessly
五、1. was thinking 2.will be punished 3.was asked 4. has risen 5. is avoiding 6.was caught 7.not to jog 8.won’t run
六、1. can make a big difference to the environment
2. hasn’t made up his mind to give up smoking
3.used to be provided for the patients
4.is separated into different groups
5. was fined because of cutting down trees
6. to turn off the power
7.if there is more pollution around
七、GCEFD
一、单项选择
( )1.We should try our best to make _____ world that is safer, cleaner and healthier than _____ one we are living in now.
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; the D. a；the
( )2.I just can't say ________ I want to go back to my motherland I've been away for nearly ten years.
A. how much B. how soon C. how often D. how long
( )3.---How soon ________ the underground Line 4 ________
--- ________ the end of next month.
A. has; been used; Not until B. will; be used; Until
C. will; be in use; Not until D. has; been in use; Until
( )4.Try to guess its meaning when you meet a new word. Don’t just your dictionary all the time.
A. look on B. take on C. keep on D. depend on
( )5. It’s a good manner to be while watching the raising of our national flag.
A. happy B. serious C. kind D. generous
( )6. ---The book says trees can help keep soil ______during storms.
---That’s why more trees next spring.
A.in place; will be planted B.in the place; are planted
C.in place; are planted D.in the place; will be planted
( )7. What _____________ it is to go surfing in______________ weather!
A. a great fun; so fine B. a great fun; such a fine
C. great fun; so fine a D. great fun; such fine
( )8.No rules all things, will not be long. Without proper lessons, you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.
A. give up B. catch up C. keep up D. pick up
( )9.---I think swimming _______our health.
--- I agree. But swimming in a polluted river _________our health.
A.is good for; do harm to B.is good to; is harmful to
C.is good to; does harm to D.is good for; is harmful to
( )10.---Why did your family buy a second-hand car
---We couldn't afford a new car, but even an old one is better than .
A. Nothing B. either C. neither D. none
( )11.Look! The wooden house is on fire. The dry woods in the house ________ and I’m afraid they ________ soon.
A. are burned; will be put out B. are burning; will be put out
C. are burning; will be burned up D. are burned; will be burned up
( )12.---Look at what you wrote here, you made a ________ mistake again.
---Oh, yes. “wisely” should be “wise” here.
A. word usage B. spelling C. grammatical D. missing word
( )13.We humans, animals and plants are all things. Air and water keep us .
A. living, alive B. alive, living C. living, living D. alive, alive
( )14.---Does she like singing English songs
---Yes, she is often heard __________ English songs in her room,
A. sing B.to sing C. singing D. sung
( )15.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. am missing
( )16.---He never tells us he can make model plane.
---In fact he can and often wins in the competition. _________.
A. Actions speak louder than words B. Many hands make light work
C. No pain, no gain D. The early bird catches the worm.
( )17.When his property (财产) ________, he had to borrow money from his relatives.
A. was run out B. has run out C. ran out D. is run out
( )18.--- We must work hard to gain more knowledge ________ we are young.
--- I can't agree more
A. since B. until C. if D. while
( )19.---I'm going to sell all your old books. They're taking up too much space.
--- ________! They’re treasures. You sell them, you take my life.
A. What a pity B. You can't be serious C. Sounds great D. Couldn’t agree more.
二、词汇运用
A.根据中文提示填写合适单词形式
Scientists are working on water________________(循环利用) to save water.
China is a great country with rich natural____________(资源).
Did you know when the earth was __________(形成)
In fact, the problem isn’t as ___________(简单的) as we thought.
We should take ____________(措施) to prevent wars happening again.
6. The _______________ (调查) have shown that more than half of the children like US TV series best.
7. They spent all morning _______________ (挖) in the garden to find gold.
B.用所给英文单词的正确形式填空
1. The _____________(different) between the two cars are very clear.
2. His father made him stay in the room for a whole day as a ___________(punish).
3.Doctors have warned against the ____________(harm) effects of smoking.
4. More laws must be made to prevent people ___________(pollution) the environment.
5. Students should be taught to use their money _______________ (wise).
6.You will have a car accident if you keep driving (care).
三、动词填空
We all love Mr. Hu who is very kind and ____________(treat) us as his own children.
2. People _____________ (punish) if they break the law any time.
3. Everyone _______________ (ask) to turn off their mobile phones before the meeting started.
4. People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years.
5. You can never know what great difficulty we have at that time (solve) the problem.
6.---Hello, I ____________(call) to make sure if Dr. King will be free tonight.
---Hold on, please.
四、完成句子
1.“不乱扔垃圾”虽然是一件小事，但却可以使环境大为改观。
‘No littering’ is only a small matter, but it ___________________________________.
2.他还下不了决心戒烟，多可惜啊！
He ___________________________________yet. What a pity!
3.去年新冠爆发期间，这家旅馆曾为病人免费供应膳宿。
Free room and board ___________________________________in this hotel during the outbreak of COVID-19 last year.
4.老师把孩子们分成了两组。
The children by the teacher.
5. 昨天有人因砍伐树木而被罚款。
Yesterday someone .
6. 你有机会和他们密切合作来获得成功。
You get ________________________________________________ achieve success.
五、完型填空
One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color？”
I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick stop at the grocery store. I have something to show you.”
At grocery store, we bought some apples—red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to answer your question.” I put one apple of each 2 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 3 look on his face.
“People are like apples. They come in all different colors, shapes and sizes. On the outside, some of the apples may not 4 look as the others.” As I was talking, Adam was looking at each one carefully.
Then, I took each of the apples and peeled(削皮) them, 5 them back on the table, but 6 a different place.
“Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.”
He said, “I 7 tell. They all look the same now.” “Take a bite of each one .See if that helps you 8 which one is which.”
He took big bites, and then a huge smile came across his face. “People are just like apples! They are all different, but once you 9 the outside, they’re pretty much the same on the inside.”
He totally 10 it. I didn’t need to say or do anything else.
( )1.A. however B．so C．because D．if
( )2.A. size B．type C．shape D．class
( )3.A. worried B．satisfied C．proud D．curious
( )4.A. still B．even C．only D．even
( )5A. placing B．keeping C．pulling D．giving
( )6.A. on B．toward C．for D．in
( )7.A. mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
( )8.A. agree B．discuss C．decide D．believe
( )9.A. put away B．get down C．hand out D．take off
( )10.A. made B．took C．got D．did
六、阅读理解
A
Down by the Salley Gardens
By William Butler Yeats
Down by the salley gardens
My love and I did meet;
She passed the salley gardens
With little snow-white feet.
She bid(嘱咐) me take love easy,
As the leaves grow on the tree;
But I being young and foolish,
With her would not agree.
In a field by the river
My love and I did stand,
And on my leaning shoulder
She laid(放置) her snow-white______.
She bid me take life easy,
As the grass grows on the weirs.
But I was young and foolish.And now am full of tears.
( )1. This may be a ___________written by Yeats.
A. story B. poem C. notice D. letter
( )2. The best word to fill in the blank of Line 12 should be ___________.
A. hand B. face C. head D. arm
( )3. The writer wants to tell us that ___________.
A. he should take everything easy B. he is as foolish as he used to be
C. he passed the garden with love D. he is sorry with tears now
B
Babies don’t learn to talk just from hearing sounds, They are lip (嘴唇) readers too. It happens during the period when a baby’s babbling (咿呀声) slowly changes from unclear voices into that first “mama” or “dada”. The babies have to find out how to shape their lips to make that particular sound they are hearing, according to developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study.
Clearly it doesn’t take them too long to understand the movements that match basic sounds. By their first birthdays, babies start changing back to look you in the eye again. It offers more evidence (证据) that quality face-time with babies is very important for speech development more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD.
But Lewkowicz went a step further. He and his student Amy Hansen Tift tested nearly 180 babies, groups of them at ages 4, 6,8,10 and 12 months. How They showed videos of a woman speaking in English or French to babies of English speakers. They found that when the speaker used English, the 4-montlr-old babies gazed(凝视)mostly into her eyes. The 6-month-old babies spent equal amounts(数量) of time looking at the eyes and the mouth. The 8-month-old babies and 10-month-old babies studied-mostly the mouth. At 12 months, attention started changing back toward the speaker’s eyes.
But what happened when these babies are used to English heard French The 12-month-old babies studied the mouth longer, just like younger babies. They needed the extra information to understand the unfamiliar(不熟悉的) sounds. That fits with research into bilingualism(双语) that shows babies’ brains adjust(调整) themselves to tell the differences between the sounds of their native(本国的) language over other languages in the first year of life.
The continued lip reading shows the l-year-old babies clearly still are fit for learning. Babies are so hard to study, says Duke University cognitive scientist Greg Appelbaum, who found the research so fantastic that he wants to know more.
( )4.According to the first paragraph, babies ________.
A. might get its voice “mama” by lip reading B. like to find out how to shape their lips
C. learn to talk just from hearing the sounds D. communicate with parents by gestures
( )5.Which of the following shows the right change of babies’ eye gaze according to the text
A. B.
C. D.
( )6.What would be the best title of the text
A. Babies Have Different Methods to Talk B. Babies Try Lip-reading in Learning to Talk
C. Babies Are Suitable to Learn Two Languages D. Babies Can Easily Accept Foreign Language
七、根据内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you ever seen a squid(乌贼) before Maybe you have seen one on television. ①_____ There are a lot of fantastic things to know about squids. Let's take a closer look together!
Squids belong to a group of ocean animals called "mollusks(软体动物)". ②_____ Their bodies are very soft. Squids' bodies are long, but their heads are very short. Around its mouth, there are eight arms and two long tentacles(触须).
Do you know where squids live Well, squids live in both water and fresh water. They like to live quite deep in the ocean. Some can be found more than 13,000 feet (3,962 metres) deep. ③_____
Do you know what squids eat Squids are carnivores (肉食动物). ④_____ They eat lots of fish. Sometimes they even eat smaller squids.
⑤_____ No matter what their size is or what they eat, the average lifespan(平均寿命) of a squid is only about three to five years.
Scientists have discovered more than 300 types of squids. There could be as many as 200 more types that we still have to discover.
A. That means they only eat meat.
B. Or you may have seen it in a big forest.
C. That's because squids do not have bones.
D. They eat hundreds of tons of fish except squids.
E. You may have even seen one in the ocean on a family vacation.
F. You might be surprised to know that squids do not live a very long life.
G. But sometimes they like to swim in shallow waters, or even along the coast.
U8参考答案
一、1-5 DACDB 6-10 ADDAD 11-15 CAABB 16-19ACDB
二、1. recycling 2. resources 3. formed 4.simple 5. steps 6. surveys 7.digging
1. differences 2. punishment 3. harmful 4. polluting 5. wisely 6. carelessly
三、1. treats 2.will be punished 3.was asked 4. has risen 5. Solving 6.am calling
四、1. can make a big difference to the environment
2. hasn’t made up his mind to give up smoking
3.used to be provided for the patients
4.was separated into two groups by
5. was fined for/because of cutting down trees
6. a chance to work closely with them to
五、DBDBA DBCDC
六、BAD ADB
七、ECGAF