期末Unit 7 Know Our World单元素养测评卷 （含解析）2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 7 素养测评卷
(时间:40 分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
第一节：阅读下面语言材料，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳选项。
(A)
Iceland is a northern European country with amazing natural beauty and oceans around. There are a number of volcanoes (火山).It has a short summer which lasts from June to August. The long winter starts from September and ends next May.
Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year,people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-seeing.
In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night.Skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties can really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first choice to relax. There are also story-telling activities for children, which can teach them to be strong and kind. The most popular stories are about Christmas in Iceland.
Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season. The food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. It had to buy most of its food from other countries. Later, when farmers learned to use lights and underground heat to grow crops (庄稼) all year round in the greenhouse , things changed a lot.
Living in such a nice environment, most people in Iceland live a happy life. According to a survey about happiness made each year in Europe, Iceland is always among the top 3.
( ) 1. What does the underlined word“It”refer to (指代) in Paragraph 1
A. The ocean. B. Natural beauty.
C. Iceland, D. The volcano.
( ) 2. When do visitors usually go to enjoy the whale-seeing
A. In spring. B. In summer.
C. In autumn. D. In winter.
( ) 3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. What is the first choice to relax after the fun.
B. How people in Iceland finish their daily work.
C. What stories are the most popular in Iceland.
D. How people in Iceland spend the long dark night.
( ) 4. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Iceland, a Poor Country
B. Food Problems in Iceland
C. Colorful Activities in Iceland
D. Iceland, an Amazing Country
(B)
①It's the tallest peak (峰) on earth(地球). Here, you can see snowy mountains shining under the blue sky. You can take a breath of the freshest air. Welcome to Qomolangma!
② The top of the earth
The name Qomolangma means mother of the earth. It's also called Mount Everest in the West. It stands on the border betweenNepal and China. Qomolangma is part of the Himalaya Mountains. It's about 8848 meters tall, as high as airplanes can fly.
③ Climbing Qomolangma
Every September and October, hundreds of climbers from all over the world come here. They wear warm clothes, sunglasses, tents and get together in groups.
④ How's the weather
It's always very cold and windy here. There is snow everywhere.The wind blows all year long. In winter the lowest temperature (温度) can be -60℃.
⑤Yaks
It's very cold, and there is very little oxygen here. Not many animals can live. Yaks may be the only kind of animals you can find here. Yaks have long hair to keep them warm. They are very strong and able to keep their feet on narrow ways. People keep them for milk, meat and riding. They call yaks“the ships of the highland”.
( ) 5. Which is the right picture of Qomolangma
( ) 6. [篇章结构题]How is the passage organized
A. ①②/③④⑤ B. ①②③/④/⑤
C..①/②③④⑤ D. ①/②/③④⑤
( ) 7. What fact (事实) can we find out about Qomolangma
A. It's windy in spring, summer, fall and winter in Qomolangma..
B. Qomolangma is much bigger than the Himalaya Mountains.
C. September is the best time for climbers to climb Qomolangma.
D. Yaks are the only kind of animals living in this highland.
( ) 8. Where might we find such a passage
A. In a storybook. B. In a weather report.
C. In a tourist book. D. In a traffic report.
第二节：阅读下面的短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。
(C)
Hippos look a little bit silly, don't you think They have huge bodies, but small eyes and ears. This contrast always makes hippos look funny and cute.
As it turns out, they play an important role in Africa's ecosystem(生态系统) as well. Hippos have been keeping silicon(硅), a nutrient for plants and animals, on the move throughout East Africa,Science News reported.
Each day, a hippo eats about 36kg of plants. Most of these plants are rich in silicon. 9. Their poop brings 0.4 tons of silicon into the Mara River, where hippos often poop, according to scientists from the University of Antwerp in Belgium. That's about 76percent of the river's whole downstream silica flow.
Silicon is mostly found in sand. 10. The element feeds the growth of a plant called the diatom(硅藻), which lives in oceans, fresh water and other wet environments. Together, these plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and change it into oxygen.It is estimated(估计) that diatoms make at least 20 percent of the oxygen on Earth, according to Live Science.
Diatoms also form the base of the food chain. They are eaten by small animals like crabs(螃蟹) and snails, which in turn feed bigger animals like otters(水獭), turtles, and even humans. 11.
Their population decreased by up to 20 percent from 1996 to 2004, Science News reported. If these animals disappear from the Mara River, the diatom population could decrease remarkably.
A. Its role in nature is important.
B. But hippos are threatened by hunting and habitat(栖息地) loss.
C. Without diatoms, many ecosystems would face a food shortage.
D. Hippos play an important role in ecosystem.
E. The silicon cycles through their body and finally comes out in their poop.
Ⅱ.完形填空 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
In Northern Europe, there is a country with a long, cold winter. 13 doesn't have a lot of sunshine all year round. But it is called the happiest country in the world. This is Denmark (丹麦). It's 14 to Germany, not far from Hamburg. And Hans Christian Andersen is one of the most famous Danes (丹麦人). Every child loves his famous 15 Ugly, Duckling (《丑小鸭》).
Danish people say they are happy 16 they have no worries about anything. The government (政府) does many things to give people 17 life than before. For example, all children receive an education for free; 18 have long holidays to stay with their babies; women have the same rights 19 men.
Danish people also have 20 life habits. Most of them love 21 bikes. In Denmark's capital, Copenhagen, about 50 percent of people ride bikes to school 22 to work. Biking is not only good for the environment but for people's health.
( ) 13. A. This B. That C. One D. It
( ) 14. A. inside B. close C. outside D. far
( ) 15. A. job B. note C. advice D. story
( ) 16.A . because B. if C. when D. until
( ) 17. A. well B. good C. better D. best
( ) 18. A. students B. teachers C. parents D. doctors
( ) 19. A. as B. for C. of D. except
( ) 20. A. special B. healthy C. careless D. usual
( )21. A. taking B. riding C. buying D. selling
( ) 22. A. and B. so C. but D. or
Ⅲ.语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people think that the dinosaurs were the biggest animals that ever lived. They are wrong. The world's biggest animal is still23. (live), and it lives in the sea. It is the Blue Whale.Blue Whales can be as long as 33 meters and they weigh as much as181 tons. The largest dinosaur weighed only 60 tons.
The whale is not only the world's biggest animal, but it is also one of the 24. (clever) animals. We know that whales can communicate with one another, although we do not know25.____ they are saying. One day perhaps we will learn26. (talk) to whales, and then they will be able to tell us about 27. (they).
There are lots of stories 28. whales, and maybe the most famous one is called Moby Dick, which was written by the American writer, Herman Melville. He spends a lot of time29. (do) research on whales. In this story, a sailor-Captain Ahab makes an effort to kill a very big white whale named Moby Dick.
30. (sad), there are not many kinds of whales left.People have killed them for 31. ( thousand) of years for food and other things. 32. , now there are laws to stop people killing most kinds of whales, so perhaps there will be more of them in the years to come.
Ⅳ.阅读与表达 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
[动物的特征与生活环境]
The sun bear is the smallest bear, with a body length of 48 to 60inches. Sun bears prefer rainforests. They are believed to sleep in trees. The sun bear is not a big meat-eater. The sun bear often uses its long tongue(舌头) for eating termites(白蚁).
The name sun bear comes from the pale circle on its chest(胸膛). They have short, black fur with a golden or white horseshoe shape on their chest. It is also known as“honey bear”because of its love for the sweet food.
With only 600 to 1,000 left in the wild in the rainforests of South Asia, they are in danger.
People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming. So the rainforests where the sun bears live are becoming smaller and smaller. Sun bears are killed because their meat is delicious and parts of their body can be made into traditional medicine. People also like to keep young sun bears as pets and kill the mother bears. So the sun bear needs our help.
33. What's the sun bear
34. Where does the sun bear sleep
35. Why people call it sun bear
36. Will you do something to help sun bears Why or why not
V.书面表达
假如你是海伦，你的村庄古老但风景优美，尤其是高大奇美的山峰和平缓清澈的流水，吸引了许多游客。你的美国笔友乔想了解你们村庄，请你用英语写一封信向他介绍你的村庄。
要求：1.恰当运用比较级和最高级；
2.80词左右，可适当发挥；
3.信的格式和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Joe,
Our village is ancient but its mountains and rivers attract many tourists.
Yours,
Helen
Unit 7 素养测评卷
Ⅰ. (A)1——4 CBDD
1. C 【解析】代词指代题。根据 Iceland is a northern European country with amazing natural beauty and oceans around. There are a number of volcanoes(火山). It has a short summer which lasts from June to August.可知，冰岛是一个北欧国家，拥有令人惊叹的自然美景和海洋。这里有许多火山。它的夏天很短，从六月持续到八月。此处 It 指的是“冰岛”。故选C。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-seeing. 可知,冰岛的夏天是游客的黄金季节。每年，来自世界各地的人们来到这里欣赏美丽的景色，享受令人兴奋的观鲸活动。故选B。
3.D 【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段内容尤其是In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night.可知,本段主要介绍了冰岛人如何度过漫长的黑夜。故选D。
4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了冰岛的相关情况，“冰岛，一个神奇的国家”是最佳标题。故选D。
(B) 5——8 BCAC
5. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据 It's about 8848meters tall 可知,珠穆朗玛峰大约8848米高,选项B符合。故选B。
6.C 【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了珠穆朗玛峰；第二至第五段分别介绍了珠穆朗玛峰不同方面的信息，选项 C 的结构符合。故选C。
7. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据 The wind blows all year long 可知风整年都在吹。故选A。
8.C 【解析】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的相关信息，故文章可能出现在一本旅游书里。故选C。
(C) 9——12 EACB
Ⅱ. 13——17 DBDAC 18——22 CABBD
Ⅲ, 23. living 24. cleverest 25. what 26. to talk27. themselves 28. about 29. doing 30. Sadly31. thousands 32. However
Ⅳ. 33. It's the smallest bear./The smallest bear.
34. In trees.
35. Because of the pale circle on its chest.
36. Yes, I will. Because sun bears are our friends.
V. One possible version:
Dear Joe,
Our village is ancient but its mountains and rivers attract many tourists. The mountains are in different shapes. They look amazing. Of all the mountains,Mount Lingshi is the highest. It's about 1,000 meters high. Few people in our village have climbed it. The rivers run quietly and the water in them is very clean. Shuiniu River is longer than any other river in our village and it is the deepest of all the rivers in our village. Also, if you come to my village, you can enjoy the wonderful and clean air.
Yours,
Helen