人教八上Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister知识清单（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
进门测
1、 ---Alice always keeps going over lessons ________ exams start．
---How hard she works!(　　)
A.until B.while C.after D.since
【答案】 A
【解析】 until"直到…为止"; while"与…同时"; after "在…之后"; since "自…以来", 四者都是从属连词．由题干"﹣﹣爱丽丝总是复习功课直到考试开始．﹣﹣她工作多努力呀！"可知, 空格是"直到…为止", 用until, 因此答案应是until．
2、 J.K. Rowling is one of the most ________ writers in the world.
A.similar B.interested
C.crowded D.creative
【答案】 D
【解析】 暂无解析
3、 -Tracy, what do you usually do after dinner every day
-I usually ________ the dog in the park.
A.walk B.walks C.am walking
【答案】 A
【解析】 暂无解析
知识图谱
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
知识精讲
一、必背词汇
outgoing [‘a tɡ ] adj.外向的
better [‘bet (r)] adj.更好的；较好的 adv.更好地
loudly [‘la dli] adv.大声地；高声地；花俏地
quietly [‘kwa tli] adv.安静地；悄悄地；平静地
hard-working [ha d’w k ] adj.勤勉的；努力工作的
competition [ k mp ’t n] n.竞争；比赛
fantastic [f n’t st k] adj.极好的；了不起的
which adj.哪一个；哪一些pron.哪一个；哪些
clearly [‘kl li] adv.清楚地；显然地
win [w n] v.赢；赢得；获胜；获得n.胜利
though conj.虽然；尽管；adv.不过
talented [‘t l nt d] adj.有才能的；有天赋的
truly [‘tru li] adv.真实地；真诚地；正确地
care [ke (r)] v.关心；担忧；照顾；在乎
serious [‘s ri s] adj.严肃的；严重的；庄重的
mirror [‘m r (r)] n.镜子；反映
kid n. 孩子，小孩
necessary [‘nes s ri] adj.必要的；必然的
both [b θ] adj.两者都pron.两者
grade n. 成绩
should [ d] aux.应该；可能；应当；将要
saying n. 名言
reach [ri t ] v.到达；伸出；达成；取得联系；延伸；(伸手)去够
hand n.援手
touch [t t ] vt.触摸；感动
heart [ha t] n.心脏；内心
fact [f kt] n.事实；真相；实际
break [bre k] v.打碎；折断；违背；解决；中断
arm n. 胳膊
laugh [la f] v.发笑；笑；嘲笑 n.笑声；笑；笑料
share [ e (r)] vt.分享，共享；分配；共有
loud [la d] adj.大声的；adv.大声地；响亮地
similar [‘s m l (r)] adj.类似的
primary [‘pra m ri] adj.最初的，最早的
information [ nf ’me n] n.信息；情报；资料；通知
二、重点词汇
1. competition noun / k m.p t . n/
a situation in which someone is trying to win something or be more successful than someone else
竞争
petition for jobs is intense.
求职的竞争非常激烈。
2). There’s a lot of competition between computer companies.
计算机公司间的竞争很激烈。
3). The two companies are in competition with each other.
两家公司相互竞争。
2. share verb / e r/
to have or use something at the same time as someone else
分享；共享
1). She’s very possessive about her toys and finds it hard to share.
她对自己的玩具占有欲太强，很难跟别人分享。
2). Bill and I shared an office for years.
比尔和我同在一个办公室里工作了多年。
3. similar adjective / s m. .l r/
looking or being almost, but not exactly, the same
相似的，近似的
1). My father and I have similar views on politics.
我和父亲在政治上观点相似。
2). I bought some new shoes which are very similar to a pair I had before.
我买了一双新鞋，和我以前的一双非常相似。
3). Paul is very similar in appearance to his brother.
保罗和他哥哥长得很像。
4. break verb /bre k/ broke, broken
to (cause something to) separate suddenly or violently into two or more pieces, or to (cause something to) stop working by being damaged
破碎，破裂；打破；打断；损坏，弄坏
1). The dish fell to the floor and broke.
碟子掉到地上摔碎了。
2). Charles is always breaking things.
查尔斯老是打碎东西。
3). She fell and broke her arm (= broke the bone in her arm).
她摔断了胳膊。
5. necessary adjective / nes. .ser.i/
needed in order to achieve a particular result
必需的，必不可少的
1). He lacks the necessary skills for the job.
他不具备做这项工作所需的技能。
2). I don’t have much time so I won’t be staying any longer than necessary.
我时间不多，所以若非必要我不会逗留。
3). Just do what’s necessary and then leave.
做完必要的事情就走吧。
三、必背短语
be similar to类似于；与……相似
the same as与……同样的
bring out拿出；推出
as long as只要
be different from和……不同
care about 关心、在乎
have fun玩的开心
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
make sb. laugh 让某人笑
in fact 事实上
primary school 小学
四、经典句型
1. ---Is Tom smarter than Sam
---No, he isn’t. Sam is smarter than Tom.
2. Are you as friendly as your sister
3. ---Does Tara work as hard as Tina
4. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
5. For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.
三点剖析
一、考点：
形容词和副词比较级的基本用法
1. 大多数形容词和副词有比较级的变化，用来表示事物的等级差别。比较级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
2. 常见用法：
1). 形容词和副词的比较级+than
2). 可修饰比较级的词
(1). a bit, a little, much, far, even, agreat deal, still等。
(2). 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰词。
3). much/ many, old和far
(1). much和many的比较级都是more。后接名词时，much more+不可数名词，many more+可数名词复数。
(2). old有两种比较级形式：older和elder。elder只用于兄弟姐妹的 长幼关系。
(3). far有两种比较级形式：farther和further。farther侧重表示距离更远，further侧重表示程度更进一步。
二、易错点：
1. both与all
both指“两者都”，both与复数名词连用，但是both…and可与单数名词连用
all指“三者或三者以上都”all修饰名词作主语或all单独作主语时，谓语动词的数由all所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。
2. win和beat
1). win
做及物动词，意为“赢得”，宾语是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词。
做不及物动词，意为“获胜”。
2). beat
做及物动词，意为“击败”，宾语是比赛或竞争的对手，即指人或团队的名词或代词。
做不及物动词，意为“殴打”，(风雨等)拍打，(心脏)跳动。
3. smile和laugh
1). smile表示无声的微笑，指面部表情。
2). laugh指出声的笑，既有声音，又有表情。
both与all, win与beat, smile与laugh
例题1、 ---Which of the two subjects do you like, art or music
---_________. They are really interesting.
A.Neither B.Both C.None D.All
【答案】 B
【解析】 由答语中They are really interesting可知，两门学科都喜欢。both表示两者都，符合句意，故选B。
例题2、 Lingling and Betty are great. _________ of them have been chosen to enter the maths competition.
A.None B.Neither C.All D.Both
【答案】 D
【解析】 none指三者或三者以上都不，all指三者或三者以上都，neither指两者中无一个，both指两者都。此句讲了两个人都被选上。故选D。
随练1、 写出下列单词的比较级。
(1)funny________
(2)outgoing________
(3)interesting________
(4)hard-working________
(5)slowly________
【答案】
(1)funnier
(2)more outgoing
(3)more interesting
(4)more hard-working
(5)more slowly
【解析】 (1)funny的比较级是funnier
(2)outgoing是多音节词,比较级是 more outgoing
(3)interesting是多音节词,比较级是 nore interesting
(4)hard-working是多音节词,比较级是 nore hard-working
(5)slowly的比较级是 more slowly
随练2、 单词拼写(词汇运用)
根据句意及汉语提示写单词。
(1)Voice of China is a singing ________ (比赛) for all people.
(2)Last year Zhang Bichen ________(赢) Voice of 句意是China.
(3)— ________ (哪一个) woman is your mother
— The one in a red hat.
(4)Yesterday we had a ________ (极好的) time in the park.
(5)________ (虽然) he has much money, his life isn't happy.
【答案】
(1)competition
(2)won
(3)Which
(4)fantastic
(5)Though/Although
【解析】 (1)“比赛”competition,句意是：中国好声音是面向所有人的歌唱比赛。
(2)句意是：去年,张碧晨赢了中国好声音。时间状语是last year,用一般过去时。
(3)“哪一个”Which,注意句首大写,句意是：—哪位女士是你妈妈？—戴红帽子的那个。
(4)“极好的”fantastic, have a fantastic time 玩得高兴。
(5)“虽然”Although或者 Though。句意是：虽然他有很多钱,但是他并不快乐。
随练3、 选词填空(词汇运用)
根据短文内容。从方框中选择恰当的词语填空,有的需要变换形式
As an English ________goes, "A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart." I have a good friend called Dale. He ________me a lot. We knew each other when we were in ________Dale is very funny and he often ________As for study, we are ________hard-working and like to learn everything new. He is better at all the subjects and ________than I do. So he always tries his best ( 尽他最大的努力) to help me ________I have difficulties (困难). We________ our teachers and classmates. I' m a little bit shy in class, so it's difficult for me to make friends with others. But Dale is ________He has more Mends than me. He always tells me ________are very important. Dale makes me understand (理解) that life without friendship is like the sky without the sun.
【答案】 saying；cares about；primary school；makes me laugh；both；gets better grades；as long as；are friendly to；outgoing；friends
【解析】 both两者都, outgoing外向的；活泼的, make sb. laugh使我大笑, be friendly to对……友好, say说, get good grades取得好成绩, friend朋友, as long as只要, primary school小学, care about关心；在乎
(1)句意：有一句英语谚语说：“一个真正的朋友是向着你伸手触动你心灵的人。”根据句意可知将say变为名词saying,谚语。
(2)句意：我有一个好朋友叫戴尔,他很关心我。此处充当句子的谓语,且后有宾语,所以选择及物动词或短语,由修饰词a lot。
(3)句意：我们在小学的时候就相互认识。此处表示时间,由介词in可知用名词,根据上下文。
(4)句意：戴尔很搞笑,他经常让我们大笑。由funny可知选择make sb laugh,根据上下文可知用一般现在时。
(5)句意：至于学习,我们都很努力,喜欢学习一切新东西。由and可知选择both构成短语：both……and。
(6)句意：他比我更擅长所有学科,成绩比我更好。根据 better at all the subjects可知此处谈论学习成绩。
(7)句意：所以只要我有困难他总是尽最大努力帮助我。此处引导从句,所以用连词或短语,根据句意可知表示条件。
(8)句意：我们对别的老师和同学都很友好。根据句意可知选择be friendly to,用一般现在时。
(9)句意：在班上我有点害羞,所以对我来说与别人交朋友有点难,但是戴尔是外向的。此处与shy构成对比。
(10)句意：他总是告诉我朋友是非常重要的。根据上下文可知此处他在谈论“朋友”的作用。
形容词和副词的比较级的用法
例题1、 Peter is 15 years old. He is _________ than his father.
A.tall B.taller
C.tallest D.the tallest
【答案】 B
【解析】 than是比较级的标志词。tall的比较级是taller，句意：彼得15岁了，他比她父亲高。故选B。
例题2、 ---Your father never shops online. Why’s that
---He says they’re much _________ but the products are not really good.
A.nicer B.cheap C.nice D.cheaper
【答案】 D
【解析】 much修饰比较级的标志词。再结合答语后半句句意：但是产品并不是真的好。句意：你父亲从不上网购物，那是为什么呢？—他说它们便宜得多，但是产品并不真的好。
随练1、 A journey by train is _________ than by coach.
A.more relaxing B.relaxing
C.most relaxing D.the most relaxing
【答案】 A
【解析】 than是比较级的标志词。relaxing是多音节形容词，其比较级是more relaxing.故选A。
随练2、 ---I think it’s necessary to learn how to work in groups.
---I quite agree. Sometimes it’s even _________ than grades.
A.less important B.more important
C.the least important D.the most important
【答案】 B
【解析】 even和than是比较级的标志词。important的比较级形式是more important，故选B。
随练3、 ---Who will you ask to help with the work, Lucy or Lily
---Lily. She is much _________.
A.careful B.more careful
C.carefuller D.most careful
【答案】 B
【解析】 由句意：露西和莉莉不会要求谁帮助做这份工作？—莉莉。可知瓷锤谈论的是露西和莉莉两个人。两者之间进行比较应用比较级。答语后句句意为：她细心得多。故选B。
随练4、 Mr. Black’s memory is getting _________. As a result, he often leaves his keys at home.
A.older B.poorer C.greater D.better
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据后半句As a result, he often leaves his keys at home.“结果，他常常把钥匙落在家里。”可推知前面说的是布莱克先生的记忆越来越差，故选B。
随练5、 ---Playing video games is a waste of time
---I can’t agree more. There are _________ meaningful things to do.
A.the most B.the least
C.more D.less
【答案】 C
【解析】 由上句：玩电子游戏是浪费时间。和答语前句：我再同意不过了。可知，空格所在句句意为：有更有意义的事情要做。联系上下文可知，此处有比较级的意味，故选C。
随练6、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I read the most books in our class. No one read _________ (many) books than I.
2. more and more people have their own cars. That’s why there’s _________ (heavy) traffic than before.
3. Tom is much _________ (quiet) than his friend.
4. John is as _________ (careful) as his brother Jack.
5. His _________ brother is three years _________ than he. (old)
【答案】 1. more
2. heavier
3. quieter
4. careful
5. elder; older
【解析】 考查单词的正确形式。
出门测
1、 We are in ________ school．Our English teacher is Mr. Li．(　　)
A.different B.same
C.the same D.the different
【答案】 C
【解析】 different不同的, 形容词；same不能单独使用, 前面必须加一个"the"才能构成一个形容词修饰名词．根据后一句"Our English teacher is Mr. Li．"可知我们在同一个学校．
2、 ---Your dress looks nice .Is it ________ cotton
---Yes. And it's ________ my mother.
A.made of; made by B.made from; made in
C.made of; made in D.made from; made by
【答案】 A
【解析】 暂无解析
3、 It is not polite to ________ those persons in trouble.
A.laugh to B.laugh with
C.laugh of D.laugh at
【答案】 D
【解析】 暂无解析
拓展
1、 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。
1. _________ (两个都) my mother and my father like watching the movie Lost inTailand.
2. Louder, please! I can’t hear you _________ (清楚地).
3. Tony was very _________ (勤奋的) and he did well in Chinese.
4. Mary is an _________ (外向的) girl. She always gets on well with others.
5. _________ (哪一个) skirt do you like better, the white one or the blue one
【答案】 1. Both
2. clearly
3. hard-working
4. outgoing
5. Which
【解析】 考查单词的正确形式。
2、 根据句意和首字母提示,完成句中所缺单词
①We should brush our________ (tooth) every day.
②—What’s Jane doing —She’s b________ her sister.
③ What is she doing for v________
④—How do you come to school —I usually ride a b________ to school.
⑤ I want to s ________ an e-mail to my aunt.
【答案】
①teeth；②babysitting；③vacation ；④bike；⑤send
【解析】 ①“刷牙”tooth 必须用复数。
②现在进行时表将来。
③for vacation 度假。
④ride a bike 骑自行车。
⑤send ...to 寄...给...
3、 从方框内选词并用其适当形式填空。
(1)Molly studies ________ than the other students in our class.
(2)Mr. Zhang is very funny and he often makes us ________.
(3)Little Tom never speaks loudly and he is a good ________.
(4)Her pen is different from ________.
(5)Edison was ________ in science.
【答案】 (1)harder
(2)laugh
(3)listener
(4)mine
(5)talented
【解析】 (1)study hard 意为“努力学习”,than是比较级的标志,故填 harder。句意是：Molly 比我们班上其他学生学习更努力。
(2)句意是：张老师很幽默,经常使我们大笑。make sb do sth 是固定搭配,后跟省略to的不定式。
(3)句意是：小汤姆从不大声说话,他是个优秀的倾听者。listen是动词,需要变为名词形式 listener。
(4)句意是：她的钢笔和我的(钢笔)不同。比较的对象要一致,故填名词性物主代词mine,相当于 my pen。
(5)句意是：Edison在科学方面很有才能。talent是名词,本句be动词was后面应该跟形容词。
4、 根据短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空
Ali and Hamlet are twin brothers. They both have short curly hair, but Ali looks ________ (strong) because he plays soccer every day and he can run much________ (fast). Ali is quiet, and Hamlet is a little________ (outgoing) and he likes telling jokes. Ali likes living in the city very much He thinks living in the city is________ (interesting) than living in the countryside. Hamlet likes the countryside, because it's________ (beautiful) there in his eyes. Ali is as________ (hard-working) as Hamlet, but Hamlet always gets _______ (good) grades than Ali.
【答案】 stronger；faster；outgoing；more interesting；more beautiful；hard-working；better
【解析】 本文介绍孪生兄弟阿里和哈姆雷特之间的共同之处和各自的特点。
(1)句意：他们都是短的卷发,但是阿里看起来更壮一些,因为他每天踢足球。根据句意可知两人进行对比,所以用比较级,故答案为stronger。
(2)句意：他能跑得更快。根据句意可知此处是两人进行对比,much修饰比较级,故答案为faster。
(3)句意：阿里很文静,哈姆雷特有点外向,他喜欢讲笑话。此处与前文quiet形成对比,a little修饰形容词原级,故答案为outgoing。
(4)句意：他认为住在城里比住在乡村更有趣。由than可知用比较级,interesting的比较级是more interesting,故答案为：more interesting。
(5)句意：哈姆雷特喜欢乡村,因为在他眼中乡村更美丽。根据句意可知用比较级,beautiful的比较级是more beautiful故答案为：more beautiful。
(6)句意：阿里和哈姆雷特一样努力。as+原级+as,和……一样,故答案为：hardworking。
(7)句意：但是哈姆雷特总是比阿里的成绩好。根据than可知用比较级,故答案为：better。
5、 补全对话
根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话,其中有两项多余。
A: Hey, Linda. I' m not working today.
B: Oh. ________
A: I' m having brunch (早午餐) with some friends.
B: ________Brunch is a great meal.
A: It's part (部分的) breakfast.
B: And part lunch! ________
A: Yeah, you're right. I meet my friends for brunch every month.
B: What do you talk about at brunch
A: Well, we usually just catch up on (了解) each other's news. ________
B: That's nice. It's good to share with friends.
A: Yes. I enjoy spending time with my friends. ________
B: It's important to have good friends.
A: Yes. And it's always nice to have a good meal with friends!
【答案】 CAEDF
【解析】 A. Oh, that's fun.哦,那真有趣。
B. Well, it's a great idea.哦嗯,这是个好主意。
C. What are you doing 你在干什么？
D. We talk about our lives. "我们谈论我们的生活。
E. You can eat both meals together.你可以两顿饭一起吃。
F. They help me with my problems.他们帮我解决问题。
G. How often do you visit your friends 你多久去看一次你的朋友。
(1)根据下文的 I' m having brunch (早午餐) with some friends可知此处问“你在做什么？”。
(2)根据后一句提到Brunch(break and lunch)。
(3)根据Yeah, you're right结合上文可知琳达指出“两顿饭一起吃”。
(4)根据上一句的提问What do you talk about at brunch 可知此处告诉对方他们谈的内容。
(5)根据前一句和下一句可知此处谈论朋友在生活中的作用。
6、 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. What a _________ story! It makes me laugh.
2. Sam gets up _________ than before.
3. The villagers are _________ to the visitors.
4. ---How are you feeling now
---Much _________.
5. My Chinese teacher is as _________ as my father.
【答案】 1. funny
2. earlier
3. friendly
4. better
5. outgoing
【解析】 考查单词的正确形式。