中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高一期末模拟试卷一（适用天津地区）
一、单项选择题
1．When I went into the room, I saw my foreign teacher ____ some students with their oral English.
A．helping B．to help C．help D．having helped
2． —I have been working hard at my English in the past two months, but I think I make little progress in it.
____ , Emma! Your English will soon be perfect.
A．I can't help it B．Make it
C．Hang in there D．You really have me there
3． I wonder if this red dress is____in a larger size. This one is too tight
A．possible B．acceptable C．available D．adjustable
4． ____his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
A．Far from B．Regardless of
C．Rather than D．Due to
5． More highways have been built in China, thus ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A．make B．made C．to make D．making
6．—I called you last night, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I____sleeping.
A．must have been B．should have been
C．must be D．should be
7． It is the production of food, not its transport,____uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
A．which B．that C．where D．what
8． We started from Vancouver, where we____our vehicle for the trip — a home on wheels.
A．broke down B．made up C．turned down D．picked up
9． We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China____globally.
A．hearing B．to hear C．heard D．having heard
10． I will introduce to Dr. Richard Fairhurst,____new book The New Age of Invention____.
A．which, had just been published B．whose, had just published
C．where, has just been published D．whose, has just been published
11． Users can find shared bikes more____thanks to Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).
A．accurately B．actually C．entirely D．significantly
12．It is reported that the United States uses _______ energy as the whole of Europe.
A．as twice B．twice much C．twice much as D．twice as much
13．It was many years before the king was ______ what played a key role in keeping a balanced and healthy nature in the gardens.
A．aware B．content C．independent D．unique
14．______ great achievements the world may have in the future, the part China will play can't be left out.
A．If B．Whatever C．Whichever D．However
15．When I was a child, I would play with my friends in the place ______ used to be an old park.
A．where B．what C．which D．when
二、完形填空
A
friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt
that he couldn't move. What was the 16． was that he found himself unable to ask for
help-his mobile phone went out of 17． as a result of exhausted battery (电池没电) . Nothing could be done but 18． in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that
day broke, and then the 19． of the rescue (救援) .
It
is almost 20． that he could stand the horror in the darkness
for so long. Even more surprising was his 21． ："First
of all I checked up my 22． conditions and found myself not in fatal (致命的) danger. As there was no 23． to call for help, I leaned back in my seat
trying my best to keep the wound from 24． . In this way I dozed (打盹) off."
His
story put an end to my regret for the 25． of an exploration adventure that happened last
year. A group of young men 26． to explore a mountain cave and got lost. 27． to find a way out in the dark cave, they were
frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of 28． .
Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the 29． people that found them, the place where they
got lost was only about 10 meters away from the 30． of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when
they lost their way and tried to 31． themselves, they would probably sense a faint
light glimmering (闪烁) not far away.
Don't
you think that you can compare it with 32． itself When you meet with obstacles in life,
you are lost in darkness. Mind you (请你注意)
when it's 33． ,
you needn't put up struggle 34． . It seems to be a negative attitude, 35． a person who can afford to do so must have
foresight (预见) as well as great courage in the first
place.
16．A．hopeless B．worst C．more D．best
17．A．place B．way C．order D．work
18．A．wait B．lie C．cry D．sleep
19．A．delay B．success C．team D．arrival
20．A．untrue B．unimaginable C．true D．useless
21．A．plan B．decision C．explanation D．excuse
22．A．physical B．mental C．working D．medical
23．A．method B．way C．view D．strength
24．A．rotting B．spreading C．hurting D．bleeding
25．A．loss B．failure C．disappointment D．sadness
26．A．tried B．managed C．had D．planned
27．A．Willing B．Determined C．Unable D．Deciding
28．A．hearing B．sight C．feeling D．direction
29．A．rescue B．village C．community D．brave
30．A．end B．top C．opening D．side
31．A．save B．help C．stop D．calm
32．A．adventure B．work C．life D．man
33．A．unclear B．unacceptable C．unnecessary D．unable
34．A．really B．immediately C．carefully D．hopefully
35．A．and B．so C．but D．while
三、阅读理解
A
The 2024 Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories: Adult (19 & over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12 & under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished, and in English.
Deadline
All entries must be submitted by July 1st. 2024.
Entry Fee
Adult (19 & over) — $15
Youth (13 - 18) — $5
Youth (12 & under) — no fee
Notes
1). You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2). Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school's name and your teacher's name.
3). Title each poem.
4). Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return them.
5). Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner — $1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner — $200
Youth (12 & under) Winner — $200
Winners will be announced by October 1st, 2024 on our website. Winners will be notified by email. Past years winning poems can be found here.
36．What does the contest encourage people to explore
A．Development and challenge. B．Cooperation and competition.
C．Peace and human spirit. D．Disease and health.
37．What can we learn about the contest
A．It includes two categories.
B．It is held every three years.
C．It only accepts poems in English.
D．It is only open to people aged 12 and over.
38． You should write the following in the upper right-hand corner of each poem EXCEPT ____.
A．name B．email C．age D．fax
39．To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ____.
A．pay an entry fee of $5
B．write a poem of at least 30 lines
C．submit his entry by October 1st, 2024
D．include his teacher's name in his entry
40．What will an adult winner get
A．$200 in prize money.
B．$1,000 in prize money.
C．A collection of this year's winning poems.
D．A collection of past years winning poems.
B
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging（外包装）has increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household's waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for burying（埋）this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Besides, the plastic from the package puts some creatures in danger, especially birds and fish.
Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it is also applied to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary materials are collected. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
41．What does the underlined phrase "that over-consumption" refer to
A．Using too much packaging.
B．Recycling too many wastes.
C．Having more material than is needed.
D．Making more products than necessary.
42．The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show____.
A．the tendency of cutting household waste
B．the increase of packaging recycling
C．the rapid growth of supermarkets
D．the fact of packaging overuse
43．According to the text, which of the following is true about recycling
A．It leads to a waste of land.
B．It means burning packaging for energy.
C．It helps control the greenhouse effect.
D．It is the solution to gas shortage.
44．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B．It is wrong to judge quality only by packaging.
C．Supermarkets care more about packaging.
D．Other products are better packaged than food.
45．What does the writer tell us in the last paragraph
A．Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B．People don't waste any more.
C．People only recycle necessary goods now.
D．We should continue our consumer culture.
C
Every
kid has their own favorites. Dolls, dinosaurs, remote controls and cellphones —
they might have a toy box with a wide range of play things to keep them entertained,
but there's firm favorite they always reach for first-cars. Although the sex difference
in the toy world remains, it's not only little boys who are drawn to all things
with wheels. That my 20-month-old daughter dotes on the red bus toy is the
proof of this.
From
age 0 to 2, children are in the sensorimotor (感觉运动的)
stage of development, explains Alyssa Wilkins. "They are learning by absorbing
everything through their senses — sight, touch, taste, smell and hearing,"
Wilkins says. "Toys and real-life objects like cars are very sensorily engaging.
Kids can interact with toy cars, trucks, etc. through spinning (旋转) their wheels, watching them move in a variety of directions, or hearing
the sounds they make. "
Plus,
kids are just naturally drawn to loud and moving objects. "They see the lights
on the cars and the rolling wheels, and hear the sound of the running engine. It's
very engaging," Wilkins says. "Kids will always be drawn to attractive
and loud things because that is what engages their brain and sensory systems."
Another
appeal of toy vehicles is that they're typically small enough to fit in a child's
hand Cars become the favorite of both boys and girls because they can put their
cars in their pockets r carry them around. A car is also a cause-and-effect toy
— it teaches children that their actions can make something happen. "It's super
interesting and exciting for kids to learn that they can change something in their
environment, and they may feel proud of what they have done," Capanna-Hodge
says.
Every
child is unique in how they engage with toys, and the reasons for their play style
may be diverse and complex. Ultimately, how your kids play with their toy vehicles
could be a little window into what controls or excites them.
46．What does the underlined phrase "dotes on" in Paragraph I mean
A．Turns down. B．Goes in for.
C．Runs into. D．Has control of.
47．Which of the following aspects plays a big role in children's love for toy vehicles
A．The influence form parents. B．The shape of toys vehicles.
C．The exciting sensory input. D．The peaceful learning environment.
48．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．The smaller the toy vehicles are, the more the kids like them.
B．Boys perform better than girls while playing with toy vehicles.
C．The more toy vehicles the kids have, the more benefits the kids get.
D．Kids can gain a sense of achievement from playing with toy vehicles.
49．What might be the best title of the text
A．Why toy vehicles are kids' favorites
B．How toy vehicles can boost kids' five sense
C．Why parents choose toy vehicles for their kids
D．How parents can encourage kids to play with toy vehicles
50．How does the author develop the text.
A． B．
C． D．
D
Some
people say that friendship is the only channel through which human beings can
ever experience the value of life. In our daily life, it is likely that you
share some common interests with others-they may like the same sport, go to the
same school or like the same kind of music as you do. Since you often meet
them, they become your acquaintances (相识的人).
Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good
friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances
and friends.
It
is said that true friendship begins when someone knows what you are really
like, but still likes you anyway. A true friend shows loyalty (忠诚)from the very beginning of the relationship. A friend will go
through challenges to help you without expecting anything in return. A "friend"
today may probably become a "true friend" tomorrow when they get
involved in unexpected circumstances (条件)together with
you-for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your
friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you
when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true
friendship is.
In
our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may
be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality (性格). For these people, wherever they go, people seem to like them and
welcome their company. But when they go through challenging life experiences,
some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of
their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.
However,
others seem to go through life with no friends at all. They like to be alone,
to travel by themselves or to do their own things. It's a pity that few of
these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the
best gift in life-friendship.
51．What can we learn about acquaintances from the passage
A．You seldom meet them in your life.
B．Not all of them can become your friends.
C．They are sure to become your good friends.
D．They have all of the same interests as you do.
52．You may get to know the meaning of friendship better when you ______.
A．get into trouble
B．see your friend often
C．go to the same school as your friend
D．enjoy the same kind of music as your friend
53．According to the passage, we can know that ______.
A．it's easier to lose a friend than to get one
B．people without friends are always successful
C．it doesn't matter whether one has friends or not
D．people with bright personality are easy to have friends
54．What does the underlined word "skin-deep" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Very deep. B．Not deep at all.
C．As precious as skin. D．Hidden under the skin.
55．What is the author's attitude towards people without friends in their life
A．Interested. B．Angry. C．Hopeful. D．Regretful.
四、写作
第一节 阅读表达
Peking opera, known as China's national opera, is a combination of music, dance and art and is widely regarded as a full expression of Chinese culture. Today, this art form is facing the danger of extinction as the younger generation is mostly interested in pop culture.
A Peking opera project for primary and secondary schools was launched by China's Ministry of Education. But it has met with a cold reaction from the public. More than half of the 1, 000 respondents from ten big cities expressed doubts about the practical meaning of the project in the survey conducted by the Social Survey Institute of China.
The project plans to add 15 Peking opera pieces into music courses in 200 schools in ten provinces. The pilot programs will last from March to July next year. At present, teaching materials and video tapes are still in production, China News Service reported. The Ministry of Education hopes that the promotional course can help students better appreciate Chinese culture and cultivate a love for the mother country.
The surveyed people do recognize Peking opera as a comprehensive (综合性的) art form and a representative of the traditional culture. They also understand the purpose of the educational project. However, they wonder whether it is necessary for every student to learn to sing Peking opera, when they are already stressed from endless exams. In fact, most music teachers themselves know little about this ancient art form, and thus are not confident in arousing (激起) students' Interest in its slow pace and abstruse (深奥的) lyrics.
56．What's Peking opera widely regarded as (No more than 10 words)
57．What does the underlined word "extinction" in Paragraph I mean (No more than 3 words)
58．Why did China's Ministry of Education launch a Peking opera project for primary and secondary schools (No more than 20 words)
59．Why are most music teachers not confident in teaching Peking opera pieces (No more than 10 words)
60． What do you think of the Peking opera project for schools (No more than 20 words)
第二节 61．假设你是李津，你的英国笔友 Daniel来信向你求助。他最近在学校举办的汉语演讲比赛中没有获奖，情绪低落，希望你能回信谈谈如何学好汉语。请你给他写-封回信，要点如下：
(1)表示遗憾并安慰
(2)给出学好汉语的方法，如阅读多使用语不犯错
(3)鼓励他不要气馁并表示祝愿
注意：
(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：演讲比赛 speech competition
Dear Daniel,
I feel deeply sorry when hearing that_________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高一期末模拟试卷一（适用天津地区）
一、单项选择题
1．When I went into the room, I saw my foreign teacher ____ some students with their oral English.
A．helping B．to help C．help D．having helped
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：当我走进房间时，我看到我的外国老师正在帮助一些学生练习英语口语。短语see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，此处现在分词doing 作宾语补足语，表示正在发生的动作，根据with their oral English可知外教正在帮助学生练习口语。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。要求考生会分析句子成分，在语境中正确使用see sb. doing sth.看见某人做某事。
2． —I have been working hard at my English in the past two months, but I think I make little progress in it.
____ , Emma! Your English will soon be perfect.
A．I can't help it B．Make it
C．Hang in there D．You really have me there
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：——在过去的两个月里，我一直在努力学习英语，但我觉得我没有取得什么进步。——坚持下去，艾玛！你的英语很快就会完美的。A. I can't help it"情不自禁"；B. Make it"成功做到"；C. Hang in there"坚持下去"；D. You really have me there"你真的难倒我了"。根据"Your English will soon be perfect."可知，此处是在鼓励对方要坚持下去。故选C。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分I can't help it；Make it；Hang in there和You really have me there的含义和使用环境。
3． I wonder if this red dress is____in a larger size. This one is too tight
A．possible B．acceptable C．available D．adjustable
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：我想知道这件红色连衣裙是否有大码的，这个太紧了。A. possible"可能的"；B. acceptable"可接受的"；C. available"可用的，可得到的"；D. adjustable"可调整的"。根据下文"This one is too tight(这个太紧了)"可知顾客对这个连衣裙不满意，询问是否有大一点的，故选C项。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分possible；acceptable；available和adjustable的含义。
4． ____his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
A．Far from B．Regardless of
C．Rather than D．Due to
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：由于他为实现和平和国际合作所做的努力，总统被授予诺贝尔和平奖。A. Far from"远非"；B. Regardless of"不管，不顾"；C. Rather than"而不是"；D. Due to"由于"。结合句意，表示原因，应用due to。故选D。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分far from；regardless of；rather than和due to的含义。
5． More highways have been built in China, thus ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A．make B．made C．to make D．making
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：中国修建了更多的高速公路，从而使人们从一个地方到另一个地方更加方便。句中谓语是have been built，空格处用非谓语动词，空后是自然而然的结果，应该用现在分词作结果状语，故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作结果状语。
6．—I called you last night, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I____sleeping.
A．must have been B．should have been
C．must be D．should be
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：——昨晚我给你打电话了，但没人接。——对不起，我一定是睡着了。分析可知，前文提及打电话无人应答，后文解释原因：肯定当时在睡觉。must have done表示肯定过去发生的事，故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词，掌握must have done的应用。
7． It is the production of food, not its transport,____uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
A．which B．that C．where D．what
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是粮食生产，而不是运输。此句是强调句，其结构是" It is +被强调部分+who/that+其它"，此句强调的是" the production of food, not its transport"，应用that，故选B。
【点评】考查强调句，掌握其基本结构" It is +被强调部分+who/that+其它"。
8． We started from Vancouver, where we____our vehicle for the trip — a home on wheels.
A．broke down B．made up C．turned down D．picked up
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：我们从温哥华出发，在那里我们取了车去旅行—— 一个有轮子的家。A：broke down"出故障，抛锚"；B：made up"组成，编造，化妆"；C：turned down"拒绝，把（声音）调小"；D：picked up"获得，找到"，此处指得到车去旅行，故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分break down；make up；turn down和pick up的含义。
9． We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China____globally.
A．hearing B．to hear C．heard D．having heard
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事，让世界听到中国的声音。此空与 the voice of China 在逻辑上是动宾关系，过去分词表被动，此处作宾补，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作宾补。
10． I will introduce to Dr. Richard Fairhurst,____new book The New Age of Invention____.
A．which, had just been published B．whose, had just published
C．where, has just been published D．whose, has just been published
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：我将介绍理查德·费尔赫斯特博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。第一空是非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词是 Dr. Richard Fairhurst ，在从句中作 new book 的定语，应用关系代词whose引导，第二空是定语从句的谓语动词，与主语 new book The New Age of Invention 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合主句 I will introduce to Dr. Richard Fairhurst 的时态，可知应用现在完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和时态语态，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句以及现在完成时的被动语态。
11． Users can find shared bikes more____thanks to Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).
A．accurately B．actually C．entirely D．significantly
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：借助北斗卫星导航系统，用户可以更准确地找到共享单车。A：accurately"准确地，精确地"；B：actually"事实上"；C：entirely"完整地"；D：significantly"显著地，明显地"。根据句意可知，此处指更准确地定位共享单车，故选A。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分accurately；actually；entirely和significantly的含义。
12．It is reported that the United States uses _______ energy as the whole of Europe.
A．as twice B．twice much C．twice much as D．twice as much
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】在as…as结构表示比较时，倍数应位于第一个as之前，构成固定表倍数结构为倍数+as+形容词或副词原形+as；句意：据报道，美国消耗的能源是整个欧洲所消耗能源的两倍。根据句意，故选D。
【点评】考查固定句式。学生须掌握几种常见的重要固定句式。
13．It was many years before the king was ______ what played a key role in keeping a balanced and healthy nature in the gardens.
A．aware B．content C．independent D．unique
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：很多年以后国王才意识到是什么在保持花园的平衡和生态健康中起了关键作用。A. aware意识到的；B. content满意的；C. independent独立的；D. unique独特的。下文“what played a key role in keeping a balanced and healthy nature in the gardens. (是什么在保持花园的平衡和健康的本质中起了关键作用)”是国王意识到的事情，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析。要求考生正确识记和运用形容词aware。
14．______ great achievements the world may have in the future, the part China will play can't be left out.
A．If B．Whatever C．Whichever D．However
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：无论未来世界会有什么伟大的成就，中国扮演的角色都不能被忽视。A. If 假如；B. Whatever 无论什么；C. Whichever 无论哪一个；D. However 无论怎样。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个让步状语从句，由“great achievements(伟大的成就)”可知应用whatever，表示“无论有什么伟大的成就”，所以用whatever引导此从句，故选B。
【点评】考查让步状语从句。要求考生会在实际语境中正确运用whatever引导的让步状语从句。
15．When I was a child, I would play with my friends in the place ______ used to be an old park.
A．where B．what C．which D．when
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我总是和我的朋友在过去是一个老公园的地方玩。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是place，从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。要求考生会分析句子成分，在语境中正确使用which做主语时的定语从句。
二、完形填空
A
friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt
that he couldn't move. What was the 16． was that he found himself unable to ask for
help-his mobile phone went out of 17． as a result of exhausted battery (电池没电) . Nothing could be done but 18． in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that
day broke, and then the 19． of the rescue (救援) .
It
is almost 20． that he could stand the horror in the darkness
for so long. Even more surprising was his 21． ："First
of all I checked up my 22． conditions and found myself not in fatal (致命的) danger. As there was no 23． to call for help, I leaned back in my seat
trying my best to keep the wound from 24． . In this way I dozed (打盹) off."
His
story put an end to my regret for the 25． of an exploration adventure that happened last
year. A group of young men 26． to explore a mountain cave and got lost. 27． to find a way out in the dark cave, they were
frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of 28． .
Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the 29． people that found them, the place where they
got lost was only about 10 meters away from the 30． of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when
they lost their way and tried to 31． themselves, they would probably sense a faint
light glimmering (闪烁) not far away.
Don't
you think that you can compare it with 32． itself When you meet with obstacles in life,
you are lost in darkness. Mind you (请你注意)
when it's 33． ,
you needn't put up struggle 34． . It seems to be a negative attitude, 35． a person who can afford to do so must have
foresight (预见) as well as great courage in the first
place.
16．A．hopeless B．worst C．more D．best
17．A．place B．way C．order D．work
18．A．wait B．lie C．cry D．sleep
19．A．delay B．success C．team D．arrival
20．A．untrue B．unimaginable C．true D．useless
21．A．plan B．decision C．explanation D．excuse
22．A．physical B．mental C．working D．medical
23．A．method B．way C．view D．strength
24．A．rotting B．spreading C．hurting D．bleeding
25．A．loss B．failure C．disappointment D．sadness
26．A．tried B．managed C．had D．planned
27．A．Willing B．Determined C．Unable D．Deciding
28．A．hearing B．sight C．feeling D．direction
29．A．rescue B．village C．community D．brave
30．A．end B．top C．opening D．side
31．A．save B．help C．stop D．calm
32．A．adventure B．work C．life D．man
33．A．unclear B．unacceptable C．unnecessary D．unable
34．A．really B．immediately C．carefully D．hopefully
35．A．and B．so C．but D．while
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．A；19．D；20．B；21．C；22．A；23．B；24．D；25．B；26．A；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．D；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了发生在作者朋友身上的一次车祸，这使作者想起了去年的一次以悲剧告终的探险活动，以此说明只有那些具有远见和勇气的人才能够从容应对生活中遇到的不测。
【点评】考查完形填空。本题考点涉及名词、动词、形容词和并列连词辨析，是一篇生活百味类记叙文，要求考生跳过空格通读全文 ，了解大意，在做题时要做到瞻前顾后、上下求索，逐句分析，前后联系，考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
16．句意：最糟糕的是，他发现自己无法寻求帮助——他的手机因为电池耗尽而无法工作。 A. hopeless充满希望的；B. worst最差的；C. more更多的；D. best最好的。根据第1空后“he found himself unable to ask for help-his mobile phone went out of ___2___ as a result of exhausted battery（电池没电）.”可知，此处突出强调状况之“糟”。他动不了，更为糟糕的是他不能求救。故选B。
17．句意：最糟糕的是，他发现自己无法寻求帮助——他的手机因为电池耗尽而无法工作。 A. place 地方；B. way 方法，方式；C. order命令，顺序；D. work工作。根据第2空前后“he found himself unable to ask for help-his mobile phone went out of ___2___ as a result of exhausted battery（电池没电）.”可知，因为电池用尽，手机不能用了，go out of work意为“不工作”。out of service当“停止服务”讲，out of order当“混乱”讲。故选D。
18．句意： 除了在寒冷的荒野里等待，别无他法。A. wait 等待；B. lie躺，说谎；C. cry 哭；D. sleep睡觉。此处表示除了“等”之外，别无选择。根据第3空前后“Nothing could be done but ___3___ in cold wilderness.”可知，此处是固定句型nothing can be done but do 相当于have no choice but to do从作者叙述的朋友在深夜受伤但非常镇静这一事实可知是在“等待”。其他动词不合题意。故选A。
19．句意：8个小时后天亮了，然后救援人员来了。 A. delay拖延；B. success成功；C. team队；D. arrival到达。根据第4空前后“It was 8 hours later that day broke, and then the ___4___ of the rescue（救援）.”可知，从后文看，作者的朋友最终获救了，因此此处应是援救“到来”了。“耽误”不合题意，因为作者已经说明朋友没有办法呼救;此处作者强调的也不是“成功”。故选D。
20．句意：难以想象他能在黑暗中忍受这么长时间的恐怖。 A. untrue不真实的；B. unimaginable 没有想象力的；C. true真实的；D. useless无用的。根据第5空后的“he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long.”可知，在黑夜里如此长时间忍受恐惧，作者认为这是令人“无法想象的”。作者此处是在赞扬朋友在那样的情况下能如此镇静，其他选项不合题意。故选B。
21．句意：更让人吃惊的是他的解释:“首先，我检查了自己的身体状况，发现自己没有生命危险。由于没有办法呼救，我靠在座位上，尽力不让伤口流血。我就这样睡着了。” A. plan 计划；B. decision决定；C. explanation解释；D. excuse借口。根据第6空后的“First of all I checked up my ___7___ conditions and found myself not in fatal（致命的）danger. As there was no ___8___ to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from ___9___ . In this way I dozed（打盹）off.”可知，这是指朋友后来的“解释”。从后文可以排除其他选项，此处不是朋友的“借口”，更不是“计划”和“决定”。故选C。
22．句意：更让人吃惊的是他的解释:“首先，我检查了自己的身体状况，发现自己没有生命危险。由于没有办法呼救，我靠在座位上，尽力不让伤口流血。我就这样睡着了。” A. physical身体的；B. mental精神上的；C. working有工作的；D. medical医疗的。根据第7空后的“conditions and found myself not in fatal（致命的）danger.”可知，在受伤的情况下，检查的应是“身体的”状况，后面“没有生命危险”也印证了这一点。“精神的”，“工作的”，“医疗的”在此都不合语境。故选A。
23．句意：更让人吃惊的是他的解释:“首先，我检查了自己的身体状况，发现自己没有生命危险。由于没有办法呼救，我靠在座位上，尽力不让伤口流血。我就这样睡着了。” A. method方法，办法；B. way方法，方式；C. view 观点；D. strength力气，力量。根据第8空前后“As there was no ___8___ to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from ___9___ .”可知，此处指做事情的“方式”，应用way 指没有办法呼救。method多表示解决问题的具体“方法”。如：his studying method。故选B。
24．句意：更让人吃惊的是他的解释:“首先，我检查了自己的身体状况，发现自己没有生命危险。由于没有办法呼救，我靠在座位上，尽力不让伤口流血。我就这样睡着了。” A. rotting腐烂；B. spreading传播；C. hurting伤害；D. bleeding流血。根据第9空前的“I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from”可知，因为朋友在车祸中受了重伤，又没法“呼救”，因此应实施自救，阻止伤口“流血”。故选D。
25． 句意：他的故事结束了我对去年探险失败的遗憾。 A. loss 损失；B. failure失败；C. disappointment失望；D. sadness伤心。根据第10空前后“His story put an end to my regret for the ___10___ of an exploration adventure that happened last year.”从后文可知，探险“失败”了。loss的意思是“损失”，不合题意。故选B。
26．句意：一群年轻人试图探索一个山洞，结果迷路了。 A. tried尝试；B. managed管理，控制；C. had 有；D. planned计划。根据第11空后的“to explore a mountain cave and got lost.”可知，探险没有成功，因此此处只能是“尝试”去做。manage to do sth. 表示“设法干成了某事”，与整个事情的结局矛盾。故选A。
27．句意：在黑暗的山洞里找不到出路，他们惊慌失措，没有了方向感，焦急地奔跑着。 A. Willing 乐意的；B. Determined 坚决的；C. Unable 不能的；D. Deciding决定性的。根据第12空后的“to find a way out in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of ___13___.”从后文“这群年轻人乱作一团”可知，他们找不到出口。其他选项“决心”，“愿意”等不合逻辑。故选C。
28．句意： 在黑暗的山洞里找不到出路，他们惊慌失措，没有了方向感，焦急地奔跑着。 A. hearing 听力；B. sight视力；C. feeling感觉；D. direction方向。根据第13空前后“to find a way out in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of ___13___. Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion.”由这群年轻人迷路可知，他们乱跑一气，没有了“方向”感。故选D。
29．句意：据发现他们的救援人员称，他们迷路的地方距离洞口只有大约10米。 A. rescue营救；B. village 村庄；C. community社区； D. brave勇敢的。根据第14空前后的“According to the ___14___ people that found them”可知，发现年轻人失败真相的应是“营救”人员。由具体的语境可排除其他选项，此处不是指“当地的人”，作者强调的也不是“勇敢的人”。故选A。
30．句意： 据发现他们的救援人员称，他们迷路的地方距离洞口只有大约10米。 A. end 结束；B. top 顶端；C. opening 开始；D. side方面。根据第15空前后“the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the ___15___ of the cave.”和第16空后的“a faint light glimmering（闪烁）not far away”，从后面“亮光闪烁”可知，这儿指的是“出口”，所以opening符合句意。故选C。
31．句意： 如果他们在迷路的时候呆在原地，试着让自己平静下来，他们可能会感觉到不远处有微弱的灯光在闪烁。A. save挽救；B. help 帮助；C. stop 停止；D. calm使冷静。根据第16空前后“If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to ___16___ themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering（闪烁）not far away.”可知，作者强调的就是人们处于危急或困境时应“保持镇静”，所以用calm。故选D。
32．句意：你不认为你可以把它和生命本身作比较吗 A. adventure 冒险；B. work 工作；C. life生活；D. man男士。根据第17空下文“When you meet with obstacles in life, you are lost in darkness.”可知，作者由上述两个事例联想到“生活”。life意义最具有概括性。作者把上述的经验和教训与人们的实际生活联系起来，其他选项都太片面。故选C。
33．句意：请注意，当事情不明朗的时候，你不必立即做出挣扎。 A. unclear不清楚的；B. unacceptable不能接受的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unable不会的。根据第18空前后“Mind you（请你注意）when it's ___18___ , you needn't put up struggle ___19___.”可知，处于迷茫状态时，你应该提醒自己情况不明朗，不要轻举妄动。mind sb. 当“提醒某人”讲。watch“注视、监视”;imagine“想象”不合题意;warn“警告”语气太强，用在此处也不合适。故选A。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：请注意，当事情不明朗的时候，你不必立即做出挣扎。 A. really真正地；B. immediately 立刻；C. carefully细心地；D. hopefully充满希望地。根据第19空前you needn't put up struggle ___19___.可知，作者强调人们在处于危急或困境时应“保持镇静”，不要轻举妄动，因此不必“立即”去斗争。其他副词都偏离了作者所表达的中心。故选B。
35．句意：这似乎是一种消极的态度，但一个人有能力这样做必须有远见和巨大的勇气。 A. and 和；B. so 所以；C. but 但是；D. while……而。根据第20空前后“It seems to be a negative attitude, ___20___ a person who can afford to do so must have foresight（预见）as well as great courage in the first place.”可知，前后文构成的是转折关系。这种态度似乎是消极的，但却表现了一个人的智慧和勇气。理顺了上下文的逻辑关系，就能排除其他选项的干扰。故选C。
三、阅读理解
A
The 2024 Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories: Adult (19 & over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12 & under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished, and in English.
Deadline
All entries must be submitted by July 1st. 2024.
Entry Fee
Adult (19 & over) — $15
Youth (13 - 18) — $5
Youth (12 & under) — no fee
Notes
1). You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2). Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school's name and your teacher's name.
3). Title each poem.
4). Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return them.
5). Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner — $1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner — $200
Youth (12 & under) Winner — $200
Winners will be announced by October 1st, 2024 on our website. Winners will be notified by email. Past years winning poems can be found here.
36．What does the contest encourage people to explore
A．Development and challenge. B．Cooperation and competition.
C．Peace and human spirit. D．Disease and health.
37．What can we learn about the contest
A．It includes two categories.
B．It is held every three years.
C．It only accepts poems in English.
D．It is only open to people aged 12 and over.
38． You should write the following in the upper right-hand corner of each poem EXCEPT ____.
A．name B．email C．age D．fax
39．To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ____.
A．pay an entry fee of $5
B．write a poem of at least 30 lines
C．submit his entry by October 1st, 2024
D．include his teacher's name in his entry
40．What will an adult winner get
A．$200 in prize money.
B．$1,000 in prize money.
C．A collection of this year's winning poems.
D．A collection of past years winning poems.
【答案】36．C
37．C
38．D
39．D
40．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2024年和平诗歌奖的参赛流程。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段重点"The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit."该奖项竞赛旨在鼓励人们探索和平与人类精神。可知，该竞赛鼓励人们探索和平与人类精神。故选C。
37．考查细节理解。根据第一段重点"Your poems must be unpublished, and in English."你的诗必须是未发表的，而且是英文的。可知，作品必须是英文的。故选C。
38．考查细节理解。根据Notes部分中的"Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem."在每首诗的右上角写上姓名、地址、电子邮件、电话号码和年龄。可知，右上角不需要写传真。故选D。
39．考查细节理解。根据Notes部分中的"For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school's name and your teacher's name."青少年(12岁及以下)组别，请同时填写学校名称及老师姓名。可知，12岁的男孩参赛，需在参赛作品上填写老师姓名。故选D。
40．考查细节理解。根据Awards部分中的"Adult Winner—$1,000"成人赢家——1000美元，可知，成人赢家会获得1000美元奖励。故选B。
B
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging（外包装）has increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household's waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for burying（埋）this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Besides, the plastic from the package puts some creatures in danger, especially birds and fish.
Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it is also applied to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary materials are collected. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
41．What does the underlined phrase "that over-consumption" refer to
A．Using too much packaging.
B．Recycling too many wastes.
C．Having more material than is needed.
D．Making more products than necessary.
42．The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show____.
A．the tendency of cutting household waste
B．the increase of packaging recycling
C．the rapid growth of supermarkets
D．the fact of packaging overuse
43．According to the text, which of the following is true about recycling
A．It leads to a waste of land.
B．It means burning packaging for energy.
C．It helps control the greenhouse effect.
D．It is the solution to gas shortage.
44．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B．It is wrong to judge quality only by packaging.
C．Supermarkets care more about packaging.
D．Other products are better packaged than food.
45．What does the writer tell us in the last paragraph
A．Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B．People don't waste any more.
C．People only recycle necessary goods now.
D．We should continue our consumer culture.
【答案】41．C
42．D
43．C
44．B
45．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了回收对环保有好处。太多的包装对环境有着严重的损害。如果不过度包装就会减少很多的垃圾，如果能意识到这一点，让人们正确认识消费的意义，还有很多工作要做。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. "我们以可能的最环保的方式处理过度消费的结果，但如果我们首先不需要带那么多的材料回家应该会更好。可知over-consumption的意思应为"过度消费"，故选C。
42．考查推理判断。根据作者在文中使用的数字可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题，故选D。
43．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. "如果这种包装被烧掉，它就会释放继续导致温室效应的温室气体。回收是有帮助，但这一过程本身也消耗能源。故选C。
44．考查推理判断。根据第四段"Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. "回收有帮助，但这个过程本身需要能源。解决办法是一开始就不生产这种产品。食物浪费也是一个严重的问题。太多的超市鼓励顾客购买超出他们需要的东西。然而，他们中很少有人意识到这种情况不能继续下去，例如鼓励顾客重复使用他们的塑料袋。讲述了人们对于包装不好的商品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的东西质量肯定差，故选B。
45．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，结合最后一段中的"we have a mountain to climb." 提示我们事情不会一蹴而就，故选A。
C
Every
kid has their own favorites. Dolls, dinosaurs, remote controls and cellphones —
they might have a toy box with a wide range of play things to keep them entertained,
but there's firm favorite they always reach for first-cars. Although the sex difference
in the toy world remains, it's not only little boys who are drawn to all things
with wheels. That my 20-month-old daughter dotes on the red bus toy is the
proof of this.
From
age 0 to 2, children are in the sensorimotor (感觉运动的)
stage of development, explains Alyssa Wilkins. "They are learning by absorbing
everything through their senses — sight, touch, taste, smell and hearing,"
Wilkins says. "Toys and real-life objects like cars are very sensorily engaging.
Kids can interact with toy cars, trucks, etc. through spinning (旋转) their wheels, watching them move in a variety of directions, or hearing
the sounds they make. "
Plus,
kids are just naturally drawn to loud and moving objects. "They see the lights
on the cars and the rolling wheels, and hear the sound of the running engine. It's
very engaging," Wilkins says. "Kids will always be drawn to attractive
and loud things because that is what engages their brain and sensory systems."
Another
appeal of toy vehicles is that they're typically small enough to fit in a child's
hand Cars become the favorite of both boys and girls because they can put their
cars in their pockets r carry them around. A car is also a cause-and-effect toy
— it teaches children that their actions can make something happen. "It's super
interesting and exciting for kids to learn that they can change something in their
environment, and they may feel proud of what they have done," Capanna-Hodge
says.
Every
child is unique in how they engage with toys, and the reasons for their play style
may be diverse and complex. Ultimately, how your kids play with their toy vehicles
could be a little window into what controls or excites them.
46．What does the underlined phrase "dotes on" in Paragraph I mean
A．Turns down. B．Goes in for.
C．Runs into. D．Has control of.
47．Which of the following aspects plays a big role in children's love for toy vehicles
A．The influence form parents. B．The shape of toys vehicles.
C．The exciting sensory input. D．The peaceful learning environment.
48．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．The smaller the toy vehicles are, the more the kids like them.
B．Boys perform better than girls while playing with toy vehicles.
C．The more toy vehicles the kids have, the more benefits the kids get.
D．Kids can gain a sense of achievement from playing with toy vehicles.
49．What might be the best title of the text
A．Why toy vehicles are kids' favorites
B．How toy vehicles can boost kids' five sense
C．Why parents choose toy vehicles for their kids
D．How parents can encourage kids to play with toy vehicles
50．How does the author develop the text.
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】46．B
47．C
48．D
49．A
50．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多孩子喜欢玩具汽车这一现象。并解释了孩子们喜欢玩具汽车的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测和推理判断四大常考题型，是一篇社会类说明文，要求考生通读全文，了解大意，找准说明对象，分清事实和结论，用精辟的语言总结出文章主旨，分析和对比选项内容和原文内容，总结原文所提供的信息，进行必要的逻辑推理，得出合情合理的结论，选出正确答案。
46．根据第一段“Every kid has their own favorites. Dolls, dinosaurs, remote controls and cellphones — they might have a toy box with a wide range of play things to keep them entertained, but there's firm favorite they always reach for first-cars. Although the sex difference in the toy world remains, it's not only little boys who are drawn to all things with wheels. That my 20-month-old daughter dotes on the red bus toy is the proof of this. (每个孩子都有自己的最爱。玩偶、恐龙、遥控器和手机——他们可能有一个玩具盒，里面有各种各样的玩具供他们娱乐，但他们最喜欢的还是第一批汽车。尽管玩具世界的性别差异依然存在，但并不是只有小男孩才会被所有带轮子的玩具所吸引。我20个月大的女儿dotes on 红色巴士玩具就是证明)”可知，此处提出的话题是“孩子最喜欢的玩具是玩具车”，作者用女儿作为例子，可知作者的女儿对红色巴士玩具是“喜欢的”，所以dotes on的意思是“喜欢，钟爱”，结合选项可知B项“goes in for(爱好，追求……)”与之意思相近。故选B。
47．根据第三段“ “They see the lights on the cars and the rolling wheels, and hear the sound of the running engine. It's very engaging,” Wilkins says. “Kids will always be drawn to attractive and loud things because that is what engages their brain and sensory systems. ”(“他们看到汽车上的灯光和滚动的车轮，听到发动机运行的声音。这非常吸引人，”威尔金斯说。“孩子们总是会被有吸引力的、吵闹的东西吸引，因为这会让他们的大脑和感觉系统活跃起来。”)”可知，汽车的灯光，滚动的车轮和发动机的声音等对于孩子来说都属于较为兴奋的感官输入，这些因素在孩子对喜欢玩具车起到了关键作用。故选C。
48．根据第四段“A car is also a cause-and-effect toy—it teaches children that their actions can make something happen. “It's super interesting and exciting for kids to learn that they can change something in their environment, and they may feel proud of what they have done,” Capanna·Hodge says. (汽车也是一种因果关系玩具——它告诉孩子们，他们的行为可以让事情发生。卡帕纳·霍奇说：“让孩子们知道他们可以改变环境中的某些东西是非常有趣和令人兴奋的，他们可能会为自己所做的事情感到自豪。”)”可知，孩子们可以通过玩玩具车获得一种成就感。故选D。
49．根据第一段“Every kid has their own favorites. Dolls, dinosaurs, remote controls and cellphones—they might have a toy box with a wide range of play things to keep them entertained, but there's firm favorite they always reach for first-cars. (每个孩子都有自己的最爱。玩偶、恐龙、遥控器和手机——他们可能有一个玩具盒，里面有各种各样的玩具供他们娱乐，但他们最喜欢的还是第一批汽车)”和最后一段“Every child is unique in how they engage with toys, and the reasons for their play style may be diverse and complex. Ultimately, how your kids play with their toy vehicles could be a little window into what controls or excites them. (每个孩子玩玩具的方式都是独一无二的，他们玩游戏的原因可能是多样和复杂的。最终，你的孩子如何玩他们的玩具车可能是一个窗口，了解什么控制或刺激他们)”结合文章主体内容解释了为什么孩子喜欢玩玩具车的原因可知，本文的主旨是“为什么玩具车是孩子们的最爱”。故选A。
50．通读全文可知，文章第一段“Every kid has their own favorites. Dolls, dinosaurs, remote controls and cellphones — they might have a toy box with a wide range of play things to keep them entertained, but there's firm favorite they always reach for first-cars. (每个孩子都有自己的最爱。玩偶、恐龙、遥控器和手机——他们可能有一个玩具盒，里面有各种各样的玩具供他们娱乐，但他们最喜欢的还是第一批汽车)”提出了文章的主旨；由第二题解析可知，文章第二、第三段主要解释了孩子喜欢汽车玩具的第一个原因——儿童在感觉运动发育阶段通过视觉、触觉、味觉、嗅觉和听觉来吸收一切东西；第四段解释了孩子们喜欢汽车玩具的另一个原因——孩子们可以通过玩玩具车获得一种成就感；最后一段总结了孩子喜欢玩汽车玩具这一文章主题并且说明了孩子如何玩玩具车是了解说明控制或刺激他们的一个窗口，所以文章的组织方式是按照B项图示所开展的。故选B。
D
Some
people say that friendship is the only channel through which human beings can
ever experience the value of life. In our daily life, it is likely that you
share some common interests with others-they may like the same sport, go to the
same school or like the same kind of music as you do. Since you often meet
them, they become your acquaintances (相识的人).
Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good
friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances
and friends.
It
is said that true friendship begins when someone knows what you are really
like, but still likes you anyway. A true friend shows loyalty (忠诚)from the very beginning of the relationship. A friend will go
through challenges to help you without expecting anything in return. A "friend"
today may probably become a "true friend" tomorrow when they get
involved in unexpected circumstances (条件)together with
you-for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your
friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you
when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true
friendship is.
In
our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may
be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality (性格). For these people, wherever they go, people seem to like them and
welcome their company. But when they go through challenging life experiences,
some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of
their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.
However,
others seem to go through life with no friends at all. They like to be alone,
to travel by themselves or to do their own things. It's a pity that few of
these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the
best gift in life-friendship.
51．What can we learn about acquaintances from the passage
A．You seldom meet them in your life.
B．Not all of them can become your friends.
C．They are sure to become your good friends.
D．They have all of the same interests as you do.
52．You may get to know the meaning of friendship better when you ______.
A．get into trouble
B．see your friend often
C．go to the same school as your friend
D．enjoy the same kind of music as your friend
53．According to the passage, we can know that ______.
A．it's easier to lose a friend than to get one
B．people without friends are always successful
C．it doesn't matter whether one has friends or not
D．people with bright personality are easy to have friends
54．What does the underlined word "skin-deep" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Very deep. B．Not deep at all.
C．As precious as skin. D．Hidden under the skin.
55．What is the author's attitude towards people without friends in their life
A．Interested. B．Angry. C．Hopeful. D．Regretful.
【答案】51．B
52．A
53．D
54．B
55．D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了友谊是人类体验人生价值的唯一途径。你可以在困难的经历中体验什么是真正的友谊，有些友谊是表面的，但是没有朋友的人是令人遗憾的。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断三大常考题型，是一篇人际关系类的议论文，要求考生通读全文，了解大意，找准中心论点，捕捉具体事实，分析分论点和论据，分清理论和事例，通过对比、分析、推理和归纳，避免张冠李戴、半对半错和无中生有，从而选出正确选项。
51．根据第一段中“Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances and friends.”可知， 虽然有些人结识了许多熟人，只有少数熟人能在他们的生活中成为他们的好朋友，因为熟人和朋友之间存在有差异。可知，不是所有的熟人都能成为你的朋友。故选B。
52．根据第二段中“A “friend” today may probably become a “true friend” tomorrow when they get involved in unexpected circumstances together with you — for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true friendship is.”可知，今天的“朋友”可能明天就会变成“真正的朋友”，因为他们会和你一起经历一些意想不到的事情——例如，当你正在经历一段困难的经历时，你的朋友会帮助你走出困境。然而，一些熟人可能会在你急需他们的帮助时离开你。在这个时候，你可以体验什么是真正的友谊。由此可知，当你陷入困境时，你可能会更了解友谊的意义。故选A。
53．根据第三段中“In our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality. ”可知，在我们的生活中，有些人似乎一辈子都有很多朋友。他们可能是有趣的，或者他们可能有一个开朗和令人愉快的性格。由此可知，性格开朗的人很容易交到很多朋友。故选D。
54．根据第三段中“But when they go through challenging life experiences, some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.”可知，但当他们经历人生的挑战时，他们的一些朋友并没有帮助他们。因此，我们可以说他们的一些朋友不是真正的朋友，他们的友谊只是_______。根据描述有一些朋友没有帮助他们，不是真正的朋友，可推断他们的友谊只是表面的，因此划线词的意思为“表面的，肤浅的，轻微的”。故选B。
55．根据最后一段中“It's a pity that few of these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the best gift in life — friendship.” 可知，遗憾的是，这些人很少在生活中取得成功，因为他们没有朋友。他们缺少生命中最好的礼物——友谊。可知，作者认为生活中有的人没有朋友是令人遗憾的。故选D。
四、写作
第一节 阅读表达
Peking opera, known as China's national opera, is a combination of music, dance and art and is widely regarded as a full expression of Chinese culture. Today, this art form is facing the danger of extinction as the younger generation is mostly interested in pop culture.
A Peking opera project for primary and secondary schools was launched by China's Ministry of Education. But it has met with a cold reaction from the public. More than half of the 1, 000 respondents from ten big cities expressed doubts about the practical meaning of the project in the survey conducted by the Social Survey Institute of China.
The project plans to add 15 Peking opera pieces into music courses in 200 schools in ten provinces. The pilot programs will last from March to July next year. At present, teaching materials and video tapes are still in production, China News Service reported. The Ministry of Education hopes that the promotional course can help students better appreciate Chinese culture and cultivate a love for the mother country.
The surveyed people do recognize Peking opera as a comprehensive (综合性的) art form and a representative of the traditional culture. They also understand the purpose of the educational project. However, they wonder whether it is necessary for every student to learn to sing Peking opera, when they are already stressed from endless exams. In fact, most music teachers themselves know little about this ancient art form, and thus are not confident in arousing (激起) students' Interest in its slow pace and abstruse (深奥的) lyrics.
56．What's Peking opera widely regarded as (No more than 10 words)
57．What does the underlined word "extinction" in Paragraph I mean (No more than 3 words)
58．Why did China's Ministry of Education launch a Peking opera project for primary and secondary schools (No more than 20 words)
59．Why are most music teachers not confident in teaching Peking opera pieces (No more than 10 words)
60． What do you think of the Peking opera project for schools (No more than 20 words)
【答案】56．A full expression of Chinese culture.
57．Disappearing/Stopping existing/Dying out
58．To help students better appreciate Chinese culture and cultivate a love for the mother country.
59．Because they know little about this ancient art form.
60．Although Peking Opera is a traditional culture art form, it is not easy to arouse students' interest in it.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国教育部启动的一项京剧项目，以及公众对该项目的反应和质疑。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和开放性试题三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而写出正确答案。
56．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Peking opera, known as China's national opera, is a combination of music, dance and art and is widely regarded as a full expression of Chinese culture."京剧，被称为中国的国剧，是音乐，舞蹈和艺术的结合，被广泛认为是中国文化的充分表达。可知，京剧被认为是中国文化的充分表达。故答案为：A full expression of Chinese culture.。
57．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"as the younger generation is mostly interested in pop culture."因为年轻一代大多对流行文化感兴趣。可知，年轻一代大多对流行文化感兴趣，对京剧没什么兴趣，所以有灭绝的危险，推知extinction意为"灭绝"之意，和Disappearing或者Stopping existing或者Dying out意思相近。故答案为：Disappearing或者Stopping existing或者Dying out。
58．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The Ministry of Education hopes that the promotional course can help students better appreciate Chinese culture and cultivate a love for the mother country."教育部希望这门推广课程能帮助学生更好地欣赏中国文化，培养对祖国的热爱。可知，中国教育部在中小学开展京剧项的目的是帮助学生更好地欣赏中华文化，培养对祖国的热爱。故答案为：To help students better appreciate Chinese culture and cultivate a love for the mother country.
59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"In fact, most music teachers themselves know little about this ancient art form, and thus are not confident in arousing (激起) students' Interest in its slow pace and abstruse (深奥的) lyrics."事实上，大多数音乐教师自己对这种古老的艺术形式知之甚少，因此对激发学生对其缓慢的节奏和深奥的歌词的兴趣没有信心。可知，因为大多数音乐教师自己对这种古老的艺术形式知之甚少，所以大多数音乐教师对京剧作品的教学没有信心。故答案为：Because they know little about this ancient art form.
60．考查开放性试题。虽然京剧是国粹，但是年轻人确实很少有人能欣赏，对它缓慢的节奏，深奥的歌词，以及特殊的唱腔都不太能接受。故答案为：Although Peking Opera is a traditional culture art form, it is not easy to arouse students' interest in it.
第二节 61．假设你是李津，你的英国笔友 Daniel来信向你求助。他最近在学校举办的汉语演讲比赛中没有获奖，情绪低落，希望你能回信谈谈如何学好汉语。请你给他写-封回信，要点如下：
(1)表示遗憾并安慰
(2)给出学好汉语的方法，如阅读多使用语不犯错
(3)鼓励他不要气馁并表示祝愿
注意：
(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：演讲比赛 speech competition
Dear Daniel,
I feel deeply sorry when hearing that
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Daniel,
I feel deeply sorry when hearing that you failed to win the speech competition in Chinese held in your school, which made you so depressed. Please don't think about it any more. After all, what is important is that you had put your mind to it.
As for how to learn Chinese, I would really like to offer my helping hand. To begin with, it would always be a great idea to read books in Chinese. I am sure that you can take your Chinese to the next level by reading. In addition, practising Chinese with others or attending a Chinese class is also helpful. Besides, there is no need being afraid of making mistakes when learning a foreign language, without which we can never learn.
I hope you can be persistent in learning Chinese and make progress day by day. Please remember nothing can stop you to make your dream come true once you make up your mind to do it.
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份写-封回信。写作背景：你的英国笔友 Daniel来信向你求助。他最近在学校举办的汉语演讲比赛中没有获奖，情绪低落，希望你能回信谈谈如何学好汉语。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：(1)表示遗憾并安慰；(2)给出学好汉语的方法，如阅读多使用语不犯错；(3)鼓励他不要气馁并表示祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I feel deeply sorry when hearing that you failed to win the speech competition in Chinese held in your school, which made you so depressed.运用了宾语从句，非限制性定语从句； Please don't think about it any more. 运用了祈使句；After all, what is important is that you had put your mind to it.运用了主语从句，表语从句；As for how to learn Chinese, I would really like to offer my helping hand. 运用了"疑问词+不定式"作宾语； To begin with, it would always be a great idea to read books in Chinese. 运用了it作形式主语； I am sure that you can take your Chinese to the next level by reading. 运用了宾语从句；In addition, practising Chinese with others or attending a Chinese class is also helpful. 运用了动名词作主语； Besides, there is no need being afraid of making mistakes when learning a foreign language, without which we can never learn.运用了固定句式there is no need ，时间状语从句的省略，非限制性定语从句；I hope you can be persistent in learning Chinese and make progress day by day. 运用了宾语从句；Please remember nothing can stop you to make your dream come true once you make up your mind to do it.运用了宾语从句，条件状语从句。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
