Unit1 What's the matter 单元词汇讲解练习（无答案）人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 1 What’s the matter
一、词汇英汉互译
1.问题;事情n.__________
2.脚;足n.__________pl.__________
3. 脖子;颈部n.__________
4. 发烧n.__________
5. 躺;平躺v.__________
6. 放松：休息v.&n.__________
咳嗽n.＆v.__________
牙痛n.__________
头痛n.__________
间歇;休息n.__________
11.（使)疼痛;受伤v._________
12. 乘客;旅客n._________
13. 离开（某处）;不工作;
从……去掉 adv. & pron._________
14.到 之上prep._________
15. 问题.苦恼n._________
16.（用手或器具)击;打v._________
17. 她自己 pron._________
18.生病的;有病的adj._________
19. 膝;膝盖n._________
20. 我们自己 pron._________
21. 交通事放;意外遭遇n._________
22. 情况;状况n._________
23. 千克;公斤n._________
24. 岩石n._________
25. 刀 n._________
(pl.）_________
26. 血 n._________
27.意思是：打算;意欲v._________
28. 决定：抉择n._________
29. 限制;约束;管理n＆v.._________
30. 勇气;意志n._________
31. sore adj._________
33. throat n._________
34. X-ray n._________
35. bandage n. & v._________
36.press v._________
37. nosebleed n._________
38.breathe v._________
39. sunburned adj._________
40.climber n._________
41. risk n. & v._________
42.importance n._________
43. death n._________
二、重点短语
1.have a stomachache 胃痛
2.have a cold 感冒
3.lie down 躺倒
4.take one’s temperature 给某人量体温
5.have a fever 发烧
6.go to a doctor 看医生
7.get off 离开，出发
8.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
9.agree to (do sth) 同意做某事
10.get into trouble 陷入麻烦
11.fall down 摔打，
12.thanks to 幸亏，由于
13.in time 及时
14.give up 放弃
15.be interested in 对......感兴趣
16.make a decision 做决定
17.cut off 砍到，切碎
三、词汇讲解
1. have a cold
2. rest
3. break
4. hurt
5. free
6. mean
7. lie
8. breathe
9. ourselves
详解版
1. have a cold
have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。
have a headache 头痛
have a toothache 牙痛
have a stomachache胃痛
（2）have a sore + 身体部位名词。
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
have a sore arm 胳膊痛
have a sore foot 脚痛
（3）身体部位 + hurt/ache。
（4）have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。：
（5）There is something wrong with + one’s + 身体部位。
2. rest
（1）rest作及物动词，意为“使休息”，作不及物动词，意为“休息”。
（2）rest也可以作名词，常用搭配have a rest，表示“休息一下”。
3. break
（1）break作不及物，意为“弄碎，破碎”。break的过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。
（2）break作及物动词，意为“弄碎，弄断”。
（3）break作及物动词，意为“不遵守”。
4. hurt
（1）hurt作及物动词，意为“使受伤，使弄痛”，过去分词和过去式都是hurt。
(2) hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如：
（3）hurt作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。
5. free
free作及物动词，意为“使自由”。
（1）free作形容词，表示“自由的；空闲的”。
（2）free还可作“免费的”。
6. mean
（1）mean作及物动词，表示“打算，意味着”，后接名词，动词不定式短语或从句。
（2）mean的名词形式是“meaning”，表示“意思、含义”。
（3）What do / did you mean by... 该句型的意思是“你……是什么意思 ”
7. lie
lie是动词，意为“躺”，过去式和过去分词分别为lay和lain，现在分词为lying。
(1) lie有“位于”的意思。
(2) lie作动词时，也可意为“撒谎”，过去式和过去分词是规则的，均为lied。lie也可用作名词，意为“谎言”。
原形 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie 躺；位于 lay lain lying
lie 说谎 lied lied lying
8. breathe
breathe可以作不及物动词也可以作及物动词，意为“呼吸”。
breath 是名词；breathe 是动词。
9. ourselves
反身代词的构成是：
第一人称和第二人称是“形容词性物主代词＋-self/selves”。例如：myself（我自己），ourselves（我们自己），yourself（你自己），yourselves（你们自己）
第三人称是“宾格代词＋-self/selves”；单数形式是加-self，复数形式是加-selves。例如：himself（他自己），herself（她自己），itself（它自己），themselves（他们自己）
1 His left leg was hurt badly. The doctors ______.
A. cut off them B. cut them off C. cut off it D. cut it off
2 —______. Where there is a will, there is a way.
—Thanks, Mr. Li. I’ll try my best to improve my English.
A. Best wishes B. Never give up C. Have a good trip D. What a pity
3 The traffic in Wuhan will be less busy ______ more subways.
A. because of B. because C. in control of D. thank for
4 Zootopia, the cartoon, is popular ______ there are many lovely animals in it.
A. though B. because C. if D. because of
5 —Can you remember this park We ______ here.
—Sure. But now I ______ in that swimming pool.
A. are used to take a walk; am used to swim
B. are used to taking a walk; am used to swimming
C. used to take a walk; used to swim
D. used to take a walk; am used to swimming
6．To have a good living environment, all of us________ fight pollution.
A．mustn't B．needn't C．should D．may
7．I saw many boys ________ games near the river just now.
A．played B．playing C．plays D．to play
8．My grandpa is used ________ a newspaper at the table for a while before breakfast.
A．to reading B．to read C．reading D．read
9．My mom always asks me not to stay up late ______I can keep in good health.
A．Though B．unless C．so that D．as long as
10．Last night, we saw a dog _______ on the ground and we were very afraid.
A．lies B．to lie C．lied D．lying
二、阅读理解
Did you remember some unforgettable things that happened around you Have you ever seen a fire What will you do if there is a fire Will you shout for help Or will you just stay there but do nothing Many people are too afraid to do something when there is a fire. But in fact, this is wrong.
Last Sunday evening my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he was cooking so I went on studying.
Soon, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thought something was wrong. I went out and saw fire coming out of my neighbor’s kitchen. So I shouted “Fire! Fire!” But no one heard or came out.
I ran quickly into my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbor’s doorbell, knocked at the door, but there was no response. I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom. I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together.
We tried our best to pour water through the kitchen window, but the fire was too heavy. Luckily, the firemen came and put out the fire quickly. When my parents came back, they found I was dirty and tired. After my neighbor told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.
1．The writer didn’t go out for a walk with his parents because ________.
A．his parents only liked his sister B．he would have an English class
C．he had to study for an English test D．there was a fire in his neighbor’s kitchen
2．The underlined word “response” can be replaced by ________.
A．result B．answer C．question D．key
3．________ put out the fire at last.
A．The writer B．The writer’s parents
C．The writer’s neighbor D．The firemen
4．According to passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer’s neighbor was sleeping when the fire started.
B．No one helped the writer’s neighbor put out the fire.
C．The fire happened last Friday evening.
D．The writer’s parents were angry when they knew what had happened.
5．The passage mainly tells ________.
A．how to put out a fire B．my neighbor was a brave man
C．I saved my neighbor from the fire D．I studied for a test at home
三、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. The cow's (foot) were broken.
2. His grandfather's (die) made him very sad.
3. I think her (decide) is right. We should support her.
4. Luckily,we didn't hurt (we) in the traffic accident.
5. Aron Ralston is one of the most famous mountain (climb).
6.She ___________（lie）down in bed for a while, then she felt better.
7.Look! A little boy is ________ (lie) under the big tree near the river.
8.My father didn’t agree __________ (take) a vacation on the beach.
9.I hurt__________(my) when I played basketball yesterday.
10.He taught ________ (he) to play the guitar. He didn't go to any classes.
四、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1．He has a very bad ________(胃痛) from eating too much.
2．There are three ________ (刀) on the table.
3．She had a bad cold. She ________(咳嗽) day and night.
4．This ________(意味着) we have lost the football match.
5. As the saying goes, “God helps those who help (他们自己).”
6.She saw a man _______（躺）in the middle of the road and called an ambulance（救护车） at once.
7.My sister was _______（生病的）and didn't go to school.
8.You need to learn to ______（控制）your feelings.
9.He fell down and hurt his _______（膝盖）。
10.Do you know who is the first _______(登山者) to reach the top of Qomolangma