2024译林版八年级下册期末单句选词填空集中练（含解析）

2024译林版八年级下册期末单句选词填空集中练
题号 一 总分
得分
一、选词填空-句子：本大题共10小题，共50分。
1.
twenty; success; discuss; busy; polite
(1) Mr. Chen knows Chengdu very well because he has been there on many times.
(2) It has been the world-famous trade center since the century.
(3) We students should behave both at home and in public.
(4) They had a warm about the plan for the coming holiday.
(5) The people with confidence will be lucky and in their lives.
2.
plant; not notice; be; dig; buy
(1) —I went to the shop and found the comic books were sold out.—Don't worry. My father one for me. You can have it now.
(2) Some workers a big hole in front of the shop when I walked past.
(3) —Tom, don't take photos here. Haven't you seen the sign "No Photos" —Sorry, I it.
(4) The government has done a lot to protect the environment. Now there less air pollution in our hometown than before.
(5) —Do you know Ant Forest in the Alipay mobile payment app —Yes. If a user's green energy gets high enough, Ant Forest and its partners a real tree for that person.
3.
improve; wait; drop; discover; realize
(1) We the importance of low-carbon life and will take action right now.
(2) They this beach while they were sailing around the island.
(3) In autumn, days usually get shorter and the temperature slowly .
(4) —Did you see the headmaster in the hall this morning
—Yes. He, together with some teachers, for the exchange students then.
(5) Boys and girls, join in the summer camp, and you some basic life skills.
4.
polite; south; survey; he; twenty; know
(1) The restaurant has been famous for its food since the early century.
(2) It's wrong of the children to shout at the disabled .
(3) —Do you have any of the instructions on how to use the computer —Of course. And I can use it very well.
(4) Go straight on, and you will find the theatre at the part of town.
(5) Recently Mr Wu has carried out some to improve the students' daily habits.
(6) Simon was proud of when he won the first prize in the English competition.
5.
provide； expect； play； train； give
(1) As a top player, Daniel hard to improve his physical strength over the past six years.
(2) Don't worry. I you a helping hand in the work.
(3) We all know that Project Hope lots of poor children with love and care.
(4) He once computer games, but now he has given up playing them because they take too much time.
(5) —Why do you check your mail box all the time
—I several important letters from my son in Shanghai.
6.
find; choose; donate; expect; tie
(1) Chen Dan a nice present for his mum for the coming birthday just now.
(2) Millie, like her classmates, money to charities every year.
(3) Look! Nick up the horse to a tree over there.
(4) —I lost my mobile phone in the shopping mall yesterday. —Why not go to the Lost and Found They one.
(5) —I you all the time at yesterday's party, but you didn't come. —I'm truly sorry. I attended an important meeting and forgot to tell you.
7.
stomach; south; pleased; ugly; care
(1) His beautiful art works have brought to people all over the world.
(2) The boy put the cup on the bench and it fell off.
(3) His hometown lies in the part of Taihang Mountains.
(4) According to the UFA(联合国粮农组织), around the world, some 800 million people can't fill their .
(5) Take action right away, or things might get even .
8.
three; discuss; polite; different; stomach
(1) Unlike other animals, an ox has four . That's amazing!
(2) Suzy is a really nice girl. She always speaks to the elderly .
(3) Think carefully while reading. Then we'll have a further about the topic.
(4) He is disabled, but he tried his best and finished . Everybody cheered for him.
(5) I believe anyone can do something to make a to the world. Just be confident.
9.
lie; see; book; greet; complete
(1) When I met Julie in the shopping mall, I her with a big smile.
(2) —Where is your cousin, Luke —He on the grass to enjoy the sunshine.
(3) It's said that the designers and workers the Sports Park in half a year.
(4) —Has your father prepared for his business trip —Yes. He always tickets and hotels online before he starts off.
(5) you my car key I put it on the table, but I can't find it now.
10.
tie... to get rid of fall out hang out make history pull... up
(1) ________ with Nancy quite a few times, I know her likes and dislikes very well.
(2) When we get to 5 or 6 years old, our baby teeth start ________ one by one.
(3) The Wright brothers ________ with the first powered and controlled air plane flight in 1903.
(4) The new media is more and more important in our life as it ________ the space and time limit enormously in the past few years.
(5) The horse keeper was very angry when he found the horses ________ the tree stolen.
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】
business
【小题2】
twentieth
【小题3】
politely
【小题4】
discussion
【小题5】
successful
【解析】1. 句意：陈先生对成都非常了解，因为他曾多次出差到那里。根据“because he has been there on…many times”及备选词可知，去那出差过几次，on business“出差”，故填business。
2. 句意：自20世纪以来，它一直是世界著名的贸易中心。since与过去的时间连用，句子用现在完成时结构，备选词twenty的序数词twentieth“第二十”符合，故填twentieth。
3. 句意：我们学生在家里和公共场合都应该有礼貌。根据“We students should behave… both at home and in public.”及备选词可知，此处指要行为举止礼貌端正，副词politely“礼貌地”修饰动词behave，故填politely。
4. 句意：他们热烈地讨论了即将到来的假期计划。根据“They had a warm…about the plan”及备选词可知，此处指进行了热烈的讨论，have a warm discussion“热烈地讨论”，故填discussion。
5. 句意：有信心的人会在他们的生活中幸运和成功。此空与lucky构成并列关系，故此空也应填形容词，备选词success的形容词successful“成功的”符合，故填successful。
2.【答案】【小题1】
has bought
【小题2】
were digging
【小题3】
didn't notice
【小题4】
is
【小题5】
will plant
【解析】1. 句意：——我去商店发现漫画书都卖光了。——不用担心。我父亲给我买了一个。你现在可以看它。根据“ I went to the shop and found the comic books were sold out”可知漫画书卖光了，但是他爸爸已经买了一本，buy“买”符合，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，主语是my father，助动词用has。故填has bought。
2. 句意：当我走过时，一些工人正在商店前面挖一个大洞。根据“a big hole”以及所给词可知是挖洞，dig“挖”符合，根据“when I walked past”可知此处表示在路过的时候正在挖洞，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是名词复数，be动词用were。故填were digging。
3. 句意：——汤姆，不要在这里拍照。你没看到“禁止拍照”的标志吗？——对不起，我没注意到。根据“ Haven't you seen the sign”可知此处指刚才没有注意到这个标志，用一般过去时，否定句时借助助动词did，其后加动词原形。故填didn't notice。
4. 句意：政府为保护环境做了很多工作。现在我们家乡的空气污染比以前少了。根据“ there...less air pollution”可知此处是结构“there be有”，根据“now”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is。
5. 句意：——你知道支付宝移动支付APP中的蚂蚁森林吗？——是的。如果一个用户的绿色能量足够高，蚂蚁森林和它的合作伙伴就会为那个人种一棵真正的树。根据“ a real tree”可知在种一棵树，plant“种植”符合，句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will do。故填will plant。
3.【答案】【小题1】
have realized
【小题2】
discovered
【小题3】
drops
【小题4】
was waiting
【小题5】
will improve
【解析】1. 句意：我们已经意识到低碳生活的重要性，并将立即采取行动。根据“will take action right now.”可知，立即采取行动是因为意识到了低碳生活的重要性，过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响应用现在完成时“have/has done”，主语为复数we，助动词用have，realize“意识到”，过去分词为realized。故填have realized。
2. 句意：他们在环岛航行时发现了这个海滩。根据“while they were sailing around the island.”可知，此处指发现了海滩，discover“发现”，是短暂性动词，while引导的时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，主语的短暂性动词应用一般过去时，谓语动词为过去式。故填discovered。
3. 句意：在秋天，白天通常变短，气温缓慢下降。根据“autumn”和常识，可知此处指温度缓慢下降，drop“下降”，叙述自然真理用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数 temperature，谓语用三单drops。故填drops。
4. 句意：——今天早上你在大厅里见到校长了吗？——是的。当时，他和一些老师在等交换生。根据“for the exchange students then”可知，此处指等待交换生，wait for sb“等待某人”，then“那时”作时间状语，应用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语为第三人称单数he，助动词用was。故填was waiting。
5. 句意：男孩女孩们，加入夏令营，你们将改善一些基本的生活技能。根据“Boys and girls, join in the summer camp, and you … some basic life skills.”可知，此处指改善生活技能，improve“改善”，句型为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”，陈述句为祈使句的结果，应用一般将来时“will do”，故填will improve。
4.【答案】【小题1】
twentieth
【小题2】
impolitely
【小题3】
knowledge
【小题4】
southern
【小题5】
surveys
【小题6】
himself
【解析】1. 句意：自二十世纪初以来，这家餐厅就以其美食而闻名。根据“century”和备选单词可知，此处指二十世纪，应用序数词twentieth“第二十”。故填twentieth。
2. 句意：孩子们不礼貌地对残疾人大喊大叫是不对的。根据“the children to shout at the disabled”可知，此处指不礼貌地喊叫，polite“礼貌的”，其反义词为“impolite”，此处应用副词impolitely“不礼貌地”修饰动词shout。故填impolitely。
3. 句意：——你知道如何使用这台电脑的说明吗？——当然。我可以很好地使用它。根据“of the instructions”可知，此处应填名词，know“知道”，其名词形式为knowledge“知识”，have a/any knowledge of sth“了解某事物”。故填knowledge。
4. 句意：一直往前走，你会在镇的南部找到剧院。根据“part of town”可知，空格为形容词修饰part，south“南方”，其形容词形式为southern，表示“南方的”。故填southern。
5. 句意：最近，吴先生进行了一些调查，以改善学生的日常习惯。根据“ carried out some”和备选单词可知，此处指开展调查，根据“some”可知，应填复数名词surveys“调查”。故填surveys。
6. 句意：西蒙在英语比赛中获得一等奖，他为自己感到骄傲。根据“he won the first prize in the English competition.”可知，此处指为自己骄傲，应用he的反身代词himself“他自己”。故填himself。
5.【答案】【小题1】
has trained
【小题2】
will give
【小题3】
provides
【小题4】
played
【小题5】
am expecting
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
6.【答案】【小题1】
chose
【小题2】
donates
【小题3】
is tying
【小题4】
have found
【小题5】
was expecting
【解析】1. 句意：陈丹刚刚给妈妈选了一个不错的生日礼物。根据“a nice present for his mum”以及所给词可知是挑选了一个礼物，choose“选择”，根据“just now”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填chose。
2.
句意：米莉和她的同学一样，每年都会向慈善机构捐款。根据“money to charities”以及所给词可知是捐钱给慈善机构，donate“捐赠”，根据“every year”可知句子使用一般现在时，句子主语是Millie，谓语动词用单三。故填donates。
3.
句意：看！尼克正在把马拴在那边的一棵树上。根据“ up the horse to a tree ”以及所给词可知是把马栓到树上，tie“系，绑”，根据“Look”可知句子使用现在进行时be doing，主语是Nick，be动词用is。故填is tying。
4.
句意：——昨天我在商场里丢了手机。——为什么不去失物招领处？他们找到了一个。根据“ Why not go to the Lost and Found”以及所给词可知此处指失物招领处找到了一个手机，find“找到”，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在进行时have/has done，主语是They，助动词用have。故填have found。
5. 句意：——昨天的聚会上我一直在等你，但你没有来。——真的很抱歉。我参加了一个重要的会议，忘了告诉你。根据“ you all the time at yesterday's party, but you didn't come”以及所给词可知昨天一直在期待对方，expect“期待”，根据“all the time at yesterday's party”可知是昨天一直在期待，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was expecting。
7.【答案】【小题1】
pleasure
【小题2】
carelessly
【小题3】
southern
【小题4】
stomachs
【小题5】
uglier
【解析】1.
句意：他美丽的艺术作品给世界各地的人们带来了乐趣。bring...to sb.“给某人带来……”，此处缺宾语，需填名词；此处指“带来乐趣”，因此填pleased的名词形式pleasure。故填pleasure。
2.
句意：男孩不小心把杯子放在长凳上，杯子掉了下来。空处位于主谓之间，因此需填副词作状语修饰动词；根据“it fell off”可知杯子掉下来了，因此是“粗心地”。故填carelessly。
3.
句意：他的家乡位于太行山的南部。根据lie in可知指地点/方位，又因为修饰part，需要用到形容词，即“南方的”，故填southern。
4.
句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，全世界约有8亿人无法填饱肚子。their是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词复数形式，即“无法填饱肚子”，故填stomachs。
5. 句意：立即采取行动，否则事情可能会变得更糟。此处修饰thing需要形容词；even修饰形容词的比较级，即“更糟”，故填uglier。
8.【答案】【小题1】
stomachs
【小题2】
politely
【小题3】
discussion
【小题4】
third
【小题5】
difference
【解析】1. 句意：与其他动物不同，牛有四个胃。那太神奇了！根据“Unlike other animals, an ox has four ...”结合常识可知牛有四个胃，stomach“胃”，four后接其复数形式stomachs。故填stomachs。
2. 句意：苏西是一个非常好的女孩。她对老人说话总是很有礼貌。根据“Suzy is a really nice girl.”可知好女孩对老人说话有礼貌，此处用polite的副词形式politely表示“有礼貌地”，副词修饰动词。故填politely。
3. 句意：阅读时要仔细思考。然后我们将进一步讨论这个话题。根据“Then we'll have a further ... about the topic.”可知是进一步讨论这个话题，a further后接可数名词单数，discuss的名词形式discussion，意为“讨论”，符合语境。故填discussion。
4. 句意：他是残疾人，但他尽了最大的努力，获得了第三名，每个人都为他欢呼。根据“He is disabled, but he tried his best and finished ... Everybody cheered for him.”可推出是得了第三名，此处用three的序数词thrid表示“第三”。故填third。
5. 句意：我相信任何人都可以做一些事情来改变世界。要自信。make a difference to ... “对……产生影响；改变……”。故填difference。
9.【答案】【小题1】
greeted
【小题2】
is lying
【小题3】
will complete
【小题4】
books
【小题5】
Have
seen
【解析】1. 句意：当我在购物中心遇到朱莉时，我对她报以灿烂的微笑。根据“with a big smile”可知，用微笑来问候朱莉，greet“问候”，结合“met”可知，此处用一般过去时。故填greeted。
2. 句意：——你表弟卢克在哪儿？——他躺在草地上享受阳光。根据“on the grass to enjoy the sunshine”可推出是躺在草地上享受阳光，lie“躺”，结合“Where is your cousin, Luke ”可知，要回答现在正在做什么，用现在进行时，主语He后用be动词is，lie的现在分词形式lying。故填is lying。
3. 句意：据说，设计师和工人将在半年内完成体育公园。根据“It's said that the designers and workers ... the Sports Park in half a year.”可推出是要在半年内完成体育公园，complete“完成”，结合“in half a year”可知，要用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故填will complete。
4. 句意：——你父亲为出差做好准备了吗？——是的。他总是在出发前在网上预定票和酒店。根据“He always ... tickets and hotels online before he starts off.”可推出是在出发前订票和酒店，book“预定”，结合“always”可知，用一般现在时，主语是“He”，谓语动词用三单形式。故填books。
5. 句意：你看到我的车钥匙了吗？我把它放在桌子上，但是我现在找不到它了。根据“I put it on the table, but I can't find it now.”可推出问看到自己的车钥匙没有，see“看到”，结合语境可知，问到目前为止看到过没有，用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语you前用助动词have，see的过去分词seen。故填Have；seen。
10.【答案】【小题1】
Having hang out
【小题2】
to fall out
【小题3】
made history
【小题4】
has get rid of
【小题5】
tied to
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
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