Unit1单词全解析
greet vt. 和(某人)打招呼(或问好)
变形:第三人称单数greets?过去式greeted?过去分词greeted?现在分词greeting
名词greeting(问候)---greetings(复数)
固定搭配:①greet sb:向某人打招呼 例:She greeted me with a smile.(她微笑着向我打招呼。)
②greet sb with:以某种方式或形式进行问候 例:He greeted us with a warm hug.(他以一个热情的拥抱向我们打招呼。)
③greet by:通过某种方式或形式进行问候 例:They were greeted by the sound of applause.(他们受到了掌声的欢迎。)
④greet sb as:以某种身份或状态来迎接某人 例:The students greeted their new teacher as an expert in the field.(学生们把他们的新老师当作该领域的专家来欢迎。)
introduce vt.介绍
变形:第三人称单数introduces?过去式introduced?过去分词introduced?现在分词introducing?名词introduction
常用搭配:introduce oneself to sb.:向某人做(自我)介绍
introduce A to B:把A介绍给B;引见
each other pron.互相
注意事项:each other通常用在两个人或物之间;如果是三个或以上的人或物之间,应该使用one another。
请比较:They haven’t seen each other for years.(他们彼此多年没有见面了。)
The three children enjoy playing with one another.(这三个孩子爱在一块儿玩。)
go by 叫做,被称为
地道用法:go by+人名表示“被叫做,人们常叫我...”,即表达一个人的昵称或别名。
例:“My name is William, and I go by Billy.”(我的名字是William,但人们通常叫我Billy.)
拓展:①表示“时光流逝” 例:Time went by slowly.(时间慢慢逝去。)
②表示“顺便走访” 例:She was in when I went by yesterday.(我昨天顺便去看她时,她正好在家。)
glad adj.高兴的
变形:副词gladly
常用搭配:glad to do sth:乐意做某事 例:I’m glad to help you.(我很乐意帮助你。)
glad about sth:对某事感到高兴 例:I’m glad about your promotion(我为你的晋升感到高兴。)
【辨析】happy与glad都表示积极的情绪,但happy更侧重于持续的幸福状态,而glad更多指因特定原因或事件而产生的短暂高兴情绪。
请比较:"I believe they are quite happy together."(我认为他们在一起的确很幸福。)
"I am glad we have come together at last."(很高兴我们终于取得了一致)。
same adj.同一的,相同的
反义词:different、unlike
常用搭配:the same ...as/that:与...一样 例:We treat boys exactly the same as girls.(我们对男孩、女孩同等对待。)
注意两种错误说法请避免:as same as...,the same like
look the same:看起来一样
at the same time:同时
hobby n.业余爱好
变形:复数hobbies
常用搭配:pursue one’s hobbies:追求某人的业余爱好
take up a new hobby:培养一样新的爱好
grade n.年级,等级
表示年级:“Grade+基数词”,首字母要大写=“the+序数词+grade”。
例:My brother is in Grade two= My brother is in the second grade.
在表示几年级几班的时候,首先要注意先写班级,再写年级,由小到大,其次需要注意首字母大写,并且中间的逗号不能省略。 例如:Class 1, Grade 7
常用搭配:get good grades:取得很好的成绩
classmate n.同班同学
变形:复数classmates
例:My classmate is very smart.(classmate指班级中的一个具体的学生)
My classmates are very friendly.(classmates指班级中的多个学生)
friendly adj.友好的
变形:比较级friendlier 最高级friendliest
常用搭配:be friendly to sb:对某人友好/友善
be friendly with sb:和某人友好相处
It’s friendly of sb (to do sth):惯用句式,表示“某人做某事很友好”
full adj.(有)大量的;满的
变形:比较级fuller 最高级fullest
常用搭配辨析:be full of:主动结构,强调装满的状态,full是形容词
=be filled with:被动结构,强调动态的过程,fill是动词
例:The bottle is full of water.(瓶子里装满了水。)
I want my life to be filled with happiness.(我想要我的生活充满快乐。)
energy n. 精力,活力
变形:形容词energetic
例句:Young people usually have more energy than the old.(年轻人通常比老年人精力充沛。)
be good at 擅长...
常用搭配:be good at doing sth:擅长做某事 例:She is good at playing the piano.
=do well in doing sth 例:I do well in playing computer games.
反义词:be bad/poor at...,do badly in...
拓展:①be good with强调“擅长于和……友好相处、打交道”,其宾语一般是“人”,有时也可以跟“具体的事物”。
②be good at强调“在......方面擅长、善于”,其宾语往往指“技能、技巧、学科等”之类的词语。
slim adj.苗条的
变形:比较级slimmer 最高级slimmest
例句:How do you keep so slim?(你是怎么保持这么苗条的?)
反义词:fat
polite adj.有礼貌的
变形:副词politely 反义词impolite
常用搭配:be polite to...:对...有礼貌 例:It’s important to be polite to others.(对别人有礼貌很重要。)
It is polite(of sb.)to do sth:(某人做某事是礼貌的)
polite society:上流社会
smart adj.聪明的,智能的
变形:比较级smarter 最高级smartest
拓展:smart还可以用作动词,表示使某人感到疼痛或受到侵犯 例:My eyes smarted from the smoke.(我因为烟雾而感到眼睛疼痛)
ready adj.愿意迅速做某事;准备好
常用搭配:be ready for:为某事做好准备 例:Are you ready for the exam?(你为考试做好准备了吗?)
be ready to do sth:准备/乐意做某事 例:I’m ready to go.(我准备走了。)
on the ready:处于待命状态
ready-made:预先做好的或现成的
other pron.&adj.另外,其他
用法辨析:①other:泛指另一个、另一些。常与可数名词复数连用。 例:We learn English、Chinese、Math and other subjects.
②others:泛指别的,其他人,常用于some...others...句型中。相当于other+可数名词复数。 例:Some students are doing their homework, but others are talking loudly.
③the other:表示两者中的另一个,常用于one...the other...句型中。 例:She has two children, one is a boy, the other is a girl.
④another:泛指(三者或三者以上中的)另一个。 例:I have finished this book, please give me another.
interested adj.感兴趣的
变形:名词interest 动词interest 形容词interesting
常用搭配:be interested in (doing) sth:对某事感兴趣/关心 例:He is interested in learning a new language.
be interested at sth:感到好奇或关心 例:The children were interested at the story.(孩子们对那个故事感到好奇。)
【辨析】interested&interesting
①interesting表示使人感兴趣,多说明或修饰事物。 例:The story book is interesting.(那本故事书很有趣。)
②interested表示某人自己本身感兴趣,主语通常是人。 例:I’m very interested in English.(我对英语非常感兴趣。)
looks n.相貌,容貌
变形:动词look
例句:How much do looks matter during a job research?(长相在找工作中究竟有多大影响呢?)
character n.性格
变形:形容词characteristic 动词characterize
常用搭配:a lot of character:有个性
strong character:意志坚强
of good character:品格高尚
both pron.&det.两个都
位置:both与动词连用时,大多数放在be动词、情态动词、助动词之后,其他动词之前。请比较:His parents are both workers.(他的父母都是工人。)
They both enjoy reading.(他们都喜欢阅读)
常用搭配:both of 例:Both of us are from Canada.
both...and...:表示两者都,连接并列主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式 例:Both you and your sister like it very much.
拓展:both的反义词为neither(两者都不)。neither...nor连接并列主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。
enjoy vt.享受...的乐趣,欣赏,喜爱
变形:过去式enjoyed 过去分词enjoyed 现在分词enjoying
常用搭配:enjoy (doing) sth:喜欢做... 例:He enjoys playing football.(他喜欢踢足球。)
enjoy oneself:玩的高兴 例:I hope you enjoy yourself this evening.(我希望你今晚过得愉快。)
pretty adj.漂亮的,标志的
常用搭配:pretty good:很好,非常好
pretty much:表示几乎,差不多
例句:What a pretty dress you’re wearing!(你穿的裙子真漂亮!)
shy adj.腼腆的
变形:比较级shyer 最高级shyest 副词shyly
常用搭配:shy away from:表示回避或避免做某事 例:She always shines away from difficult conversations.(她总是回避困难的对话。)
shy of:表示缺乏或达不到某种数量或程度 例:I’m shy of a few dollars to buy that book.(我缺了几美元来买那本书。)
only adv.只有,仅
常用搭配:only与not连用:表示排除 例:I will go, but only if she doesn’t come.(我会去,但前提是她不来。)
only后加动词不定式结构做结果状语,表示“不料,结果却”
注意:only位于句首并修饰句子的状语时,后面的句子要倒装。 例:Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.(只有这样我们才能消灭敌军。)
stay vi.保持,继续是;暂住,逗留
n.逗留,停留
变形:过去式stayed 过去分词stayed 现在分词staying
常用搭配:stay in:(晚上)呆在家里,没有外出
stay on:继续留下
stay out:不在家,不回家
match n.比赛
常用搭配:a good match for her
match for competition for a prize
luck n.幸运,好运
变形:形容词lucky 副词luckily 反义词unlucky
常用搭配:good luck:好运(反义词:bad luck坏运)
bring good luck to sb:给某人带来好运
chance one’s luck:碰运气
keep off bad luck:避免厄运
chess n.国际象棋
变形:复数chesses
例句:She plays a mean game of chess.(她的国际象棋下得很棒。)
常用搭配:Chinese chess:中国象棋
problem n.数学题;难题,困难
变形:复数problems 形容词problematic
常用搭配:have/there is a problem with sth:在某事上有困难 例:There is a problem with the car’s engine.(这辆车的引擎有问题。)
have problems doing sth:表示在做某事时遇到了困难或问题
have problems to do sth:有待解决的问题(动作发生在将来)
【辨析】problem指说话者认为难以解决的问题,常与solve、settle连用
question指说话者需要找到答案的问题,常与ask、answer连用
请比较:The problem is difficult to be solved.(这个问题很难解决。)
May I ask you some questions?(我可以问你一些问题吗?)
weekend n.周末
常用搭配:在周末at the weekend=at weekends=on the weekend=on weekends
fun adj.有趣的,使人快乐的
n.开心,乐趣,好玩的事
常用搭配:It is fun (to) do sth:做某事很有趣 例:It’s great fun to sail a boat.(杨帆驾舟十分有趣。)
have fun (in) doing sth:做某事时很开心 例:We had fun riding our bicycles to the beach today.(我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心。)
in fun:表示不是当真的,闹着玩的,开玩笑地。 例:He said so only in fun.(他这样说只是开开玩笑。)
make fun of:嘲笑,戏弄某人。 例:Don't make fun of me.(不要取笑我。)
make friends with 与...交朋友
例句:I want to make friends with you.