话题一 生活故事(8年3考5次)
Passage 1 (2015 广东改编)
The Great Wall is known as the eighth wonder of the world. Every year thousands of tourists from all over the world come to visit this place of interests in China.
Last Saturday I went to the Great Wall 1 some of my friends. It was a sunny day. On our way up, we saw many volunteers (志愿者) keeping order in the sun. They helped the elders with their bags, 2 photos for some tourists and answered people's questions. Though they were very 3 , they didn't stop to have a rest. We were deeply moved when we saw this.
Just at that 4 , we saw a little boy standing alone and crying. We went over and asked what 5 to him. From his answer we knew that he couldn't find his mother. We told him not to worry about it and then we tried to get in touch with his mother with the phone number he gave us. Twenty minutes 6 ,his mother turned up. When she saw her son, she was very excited and thanked 7 with tears in her eyes.
That day we not only enjoyed the beauty of the Creat Wall, but also felt the warmth of the society. 8 everyone can reach out a helping hand to others, the world around us will be more and more harmonious(和谐的).
参考答案及解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和朋友们在一次爬长城过程中的所见所闻，并且同朋友们一起帮一个迷路小男孩找妈妈的过程。最后作者告诉我们：如果人人都能帮助别人，那么我们的世界就会变得和谐。
1. with【解析】句意为：上星期六我 几个朋友去了长城。此处表示我与一些朋友，故填with。
2. took【解析】句意为：他们帮助老人拿包，为游客 照片，回答人们的问题。此处表示的是帮助游客拍照，take photos意为拍照，为固定搭配，动作发生在过去，故填动词过去式took。
3. tired【解析】句意为：虽然很 ，但是他们没有停下来休息。根据空后下文可知，要休息自然是感觉到累了，故空格处应填tired。
4. moment【解析】句意为：就在那个 ，我们看见一个小男孩独自站在那里哭。此处考查固定搭配at that moment在那时，故填moment。
5. happened【解析】句意为：我们走过去问他 什么事了。小男孩独自在哭，我们过去自然是先询问他怎么了，此处考查sth. happen to sb.的用法，此处动作发生在过去，故填happened。
6. later【解析】句意为：二十分钟 ，他的妈妈出现了。根据上下文可知，此处表示的是二十分钟之后，故填写later。
7. us【解析】句意为：当她看到她儿子之后，她很兴奋，眼里含着泪水感谢 。联系上文可知，是我和朋友一起帮助小男孩找妈妈的，故此处应该是感谢我们，又因此处缺少thanked的宾语，故填us。
8. If【解析】句意为： 每个人都能够伸出手帮助别人，我们周围的世界将会变得越来越和谐。此句是一个条件状语从句，表示假设应，由if引导，句首字母应大写，故填If。
话题三 学校生活
Passage 1 (2015湖州改编)
Many students have hobbies, like reading, painting and looking 1 animals. Some hobbies are relaxing and others are creative. 2 can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills.
David Smith is a student, and his hobby 3 writing. During the summer of 2011, he spent four weeks on a summer camp. As well as the usual activities, such 4 sailing, climbing and mountain biking, there was a writing workshop with a professional writer. “She asked us to imagine that we were in a story. Then we wrote about our experiences at the camp.” In senior high school David 5 a book about teenage life. Many teenagers love his book, and as a result, David has become a 6 young writer.
David has been very lucky because his hobby has brought enjoyment and success to 7 , but he is also interested in many other things.“I like playing volleyball, too,” says David. “I spend some of my free time 8 volleyball for my school team. Maybe I’ll write more books in the future, but I’m not sure.”
There are many other interesting things to do in life, and we should try to do something new or different.
参考答案及解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了同学们的兴趣爱好，有些爱好使人放松，有些爱好充满创造性。爱好可以让你成长，培养你的兴趣并帮你学习新的技巧。
1. after 【解析】句意为：许多学生有兴趣爱好，如阅读，画画，和 动物。根据句意可知，此处考察look词组，look after表示照顾，比较符合语境。故填after。
2. Hobbies【解析】句意为： 可以使你成长，培养你的兴趣，并帮助你学习新技能。本段一直在讲述兴趣爱好的种类、特点等等，此处依然是在对兴趣爱好进行阐述。由于此处指的并不是某一种爱好，而是一个总称。故填Hobbies。
3. is 【解析】句意为：他的爱好 写作。分析句子可知该句子在陈述一个事实，缺少一个系动词。主语his hobby为第三人称单数，故填is。
4. as 【解析】句意为：如同其他常见的活动一样，例如航海，爬山和山地自行车……。由于此处后面的三个例子“sailing, climbing and mountain biking”，前面需要一个词或词组引出这些例子。such已经给出，可以想到用such as表示举例。故填as。
5. wrote【解析】句意为：在高中时，大卫 一本关于青少年生活的书。由上文可知，大卫爱好写作，所以可推测出此处表示他写了一本书。In senior high school，可知是过去的时间，要用一般过去时。故填wrote。
6. successful/famous 【解析】句意为：大卫已经成为了一位 年轻作家。由上下文可知，此时大卫写的书很受欢迎，因此他成为一名成功的或是有名望的年轻作家。分析句子成分可知此处需要一个形容词来修饰writer，故填successful/famous。
7. him 【解析】句意为：大卫已十分幸运因为他的爱好已经给他带来快乐和成功，句中用到bring sth. to sb.，to为介词，后面的人称代词作它的宾语要用宾格形式。故填him。
8. playing 【解析】句意为：我花费大部分空闲时间在我们校队打排球。此处缺少动词play,由spend some time (in) doing sth.结构可知此处要用动名词。故填playing。
话题二 教育故事
Passage 1 (2015 潍坊改编)
Danny is short and thin. Of all the boys around he is the 1 kid. So he is called Bones（骨头） 2 his friends. He talks more and laughs louder than anyone. However, he is always 3 , because he is not good at sports.
One day, Danny watched the men’s marathon(马拉松) on TV. The runners needn’t go fast and they just ran on and on. They didn’t have big muscles. They were more like Danny. He decided to have a try. “Boy, it’s better to do a little bit each day,” advised his mum. The next day, Danny started his practice. From then on he kept on 4 in the park every morning.
The race day came. There 5 109 runners and they were all bigger than Danny. They all started fast. Danny tried to keep up with 6 . But he fell further and further behind. Halfway someone got tired. Danny passed a big guy with muscles like footballs. Suddenly he felt like a switch（开关） had been turned on. He passed another one, then a 7 one...All the runners were breathing 8 and looked tired except Danny. He looked like he could run forever. At that time he didn’t see the crowds or hear them cheering. He just ran and ran. At last he raised his arms like a champion(冠军) as he crossed the ending line.
参考答案及解析
【主旨大意】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个叫丹尼的男孩，由于自己比别的男孩瘦小，所以总是感到不自信。有一天，他在电视上看到在马拉松比赛中，没有大块肌肉的选手照样可以获得冠军。从那时起他每天坚持锻炼，最终在一次长跑比赛中赢得了冠军。本文告诉我们只要坚持不懈地为自己的梦想而努力，终有一天你会有所收获。
1. thinnest【解析】根据句中的 “Of all the boys...”可知此空应填形容词的最高级。根据前一句“Danny is short and thin”及后文说他外号叫骨头可知，此处应填thin的最高级。故填thinnest。
2. by【解析】结合句意和上文可知，丹尼很瘦，所以他的朋友叫他“骨头”，his friends是动作的执行者，在被语态中由by引出，故填by。
3. unhappy/sad【解析】根据后半句“because he is not good at sports. 因为他不擅长体育。”可以推出“他总是不开心”，故此处填unhappy/sad。
4. training/running【解析】由前一句可知丹尼开始锻炼，keep on doing sth. 意为“继续做某事”。所以此空应填training/running。
5. were【解析】表示某地有某人或某物应用there be句型，be动词后接可数名词复数runners，故应选are，根据上下文可知这里在讨论过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填were。
6. them【解析】由上文可知参赛者开始跑得很快，丹尼尽力赶上他们，keep up with sb.赶得上某人，分析句子结构可知空格处应填they的宾格形式作宾语。故填them。
7. third【解析】结合上下文，他先超过了一个大块头，再超过另一个，然后……可知此处应是超过另三个人。 使用充数中“third”表示“第三个”。故填third。
8. hard【解析】根据常识以及后文的“...and looked tired...”可推知“所有的跑步者呼吸困难”。此处需要一个副词修饰breathing。hard是副词，意为“努力地；困难地”。故填hard。
话题四 咨询建议（8年4考4次）
Passage 1 (2015聊城改编)
What should you do if you are in a crowd(人群)？ The first and most 1 thing is to make yourself clear where you are and where the exits are. No matter where you are, make sure you always know how to get out and to be safe.
Make yourself know the type of 2 you are standing on. Wet or uneven(不平坦的) ground can cause you to fall down in a crowd of moving people.
If you find 3 in the middle of a moving crowd, you must be careful. Do not walk 4 the moving direction and do not stop or sit down, because you could get trampled(踩踏) easily. Instead, move in the same 5 of the crowd. Keep your hands up by your chest(胸部) to protect your chest. If you fall down, get up quickly. If you can’t get up, ask someone to pull you back up. If you have kids, lift 6 up.
If you fall and cannot get up, keep on moving in the same direction of the crowd. If that is not possible, then cover your head with your arms.
Try to get away from hard things in a crowd. If you’re pushed against them, as a result, you may be hurt 7 .
We should learn to 8 ourselves. Stay away from the crowd.
Remember: Whatever you do, safety is first!
参考答案及解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几条在人群中保护自己免受伤害的建议。
1. important 【解析】分析句子结构可知应填一个形容词，the first and most important thing为固定搭配，意为最首要的事情。故填important。
2. ground 【解析】根据后一句“Wet or uneven(不平坦的) ground can cause you to fall down in a crowd of moving people.”可知此处指的是“确信你自己站立的地面是什么类型的”。故填ground。
3. yourself 【解析】根据后半句“...you must be careful.”可知此处指的是“如果你发现自己在一个移动的人群里”。故填yourself。
4. against 【解析】根据下文“...because you could get trampled easily”以及常识，可知此处指的是“逆着人流的方向移动”。故填against。
5. direction 【解析】根据前一句 “Do not walk against the moving direction and do not stop or sit down, because you could get trampled（踩踏） easily.不要在人流中逆向行走，也不要停下来或者坐下，因为这样你很容易会被踩到。”可知这样是危险的，再由Instead，我们可知后面讲的应该是怎么样保护自己，所以此处应该是“顺着人流的方向走”。故填direction。
6. them 【解析】根据前半句“If you have kids...”，可知此处指的是“把他们举起来”。故填them。
7. badly 【解析】分析句子结构可知应填一个副词修饰动词。根据句意可知被撞到硬物上，会严重受伤。故填badly。
8. protect 【解析】整篇短文都是在说怎样在人流多的地方保护自己，而此句是一个总结句。所以此句指的是“我们应该学会保护我们自己”。to是不定式，后面动词用原形。故填protect。
课件6张PPT。第三部分 中考题型研究
题型六 短文填空
【考情概览】重庆中考近8年短文填空对说明文和记叙文均有考查，以说明文为主。话题主要为咨询建议、学校生活、生活常识、发表观点、生活故事、教育故事等。词数210-270词，生词0-5个。设题8空，主要考点为名词（0-2个）、代词（1-2个）、动词（1-3个）、介词（0-2个）、连词（0-2个）与副词（0-4个）。所填词多能从上下文语境或固定搭配和句型中推断出来。
短文填空主要考查学生的知识连贯性和对语言的综合运用能力。它不仅考查学生对短文的阅读理解能力，还考查学生对词汇的综合运用能力。短文填空没有任何提示，给文章增加了一定的难度。那么，如何做好短文填空题呢？
1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意
解题时先跳过空格，通读整篇短文，了解全篇的内容和主旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。 解题方法与技巧2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。有时候所填的词就是文中出现过的词，考生要做到心中有数。
若空格在be动词或感官动词后，空格处填形容词；
若空格在冠词、形容词等之后，空格处填名词，并且考虑名词是否变复数；
若空格前是介词，空格处一般填名词或动名词；若空格后面有个逗号，空格处一般填副词；
对于动词，形容词等，要考虑固定搭配确定其后面的介词或副词；
同时，要结合上下文填写合适的连词、名词等。
3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等方面进行综合验证。同时检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、习惯用法及词语选用上的错误，同时不要忘记英文大小写的运用，以确保答案的正确性。话题一 生活故事（8年3考5次）
话题二 教育故事
话题三 学校生活
话题四 咨询建议（8年4考4次）2016备考猜押
