人教版七年级英语下册期末复习知识点导学案

七下期末复习知识点导学案
U6
Ⅰ. 重点单词:
miss: miss 可当名词, 亦可当动词, 动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词
用法:vt. 及物动词.未击中; 未得到; 未达到; 未看到; 未听到; 未领会[+v-ing]
He missed my meaning. 他没有领会我的意思。
The hunter fired at the deer but missed it. 猎人向鹿开了枪, 但未打中。
.未履行; 未出席; 未赶上, 错过[+v-ing]
She missed going to the party on Saturday. 星期六她没能出席聚会。
.想念, 惦记[+v-ing]
I know how you miss your mother. 我了解你多麼地想念你的母亲。
.发觉没有, 觉得遗失She did not miss her necklace until she arrived home. 直到回到家里她才发现丢失了项鍊。 遗漏; 省去[(+out)]
wish: n. Best wishes to you. v. wish (sb.) to do
Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom’s delicious zhongzi.
Ⅱ.重点词组:
1.看报纸 2. 在电话里交谈
3.用电脑做作业 4.包粽子
Ⅲ. Target language
△语法：现在进行时
一，定义①：
--现在进行时态表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。
定义②：
--还可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
二，现在进行时的构成及句式
主语+be(am/is/are)+动词现在分词(V-ing)
肯定式结构：主语+be+动词-ing形式+其他 I am reading my book now.
否定式结构：主语+be+not+动词-ing形式+其他. I am not reading my book now.
一般疑问句式结构：Be+主语+动词-ing形式+其他？Are you reading your book now
特殊疑问句式结构：疑问词+ 一般疑问句式结构？ What are you doing now
三，用法：现在进行时的时间状语主要有：now，these days，this week，at the moment等，有时句首有“Look！”、“Listen！”或“It’s+时刻”等词、句存在。
△ 电话用语：
A：Hello! This is …(speaking). / Is that … / Is …there
B: May I speak to … / Hi,… It’s…/This is …
U7
Ⅰ. 重点单词:
1. n → adj → v-ing 2.weather : n (uc)
wind windy 改错：What a fine weather it is !
cloud cloudy
sun sunny 3. cook : n v cooker :
rain rainy raining
snow snowy snowing
ice icy
fog foggy
Ⅱ. 重点语法:
take a message / leave a message; call sb back; study hard;
have a good(nice/great)time / have fun / enjoy oneself + v-ing;
right now; (be) on a vacation; write to sb; next month; no problem;
Ⅲ. 重点句型
--How’s the weather today = What’s …
-- It’s + adj. / It’s + v-ing.
2. -- Hows’ it going It’s ……/……/……
How’s…going == How’s it going with…
IV．重点句子:
1. I’m having a great time visiting my aunt in…. 2. I’m learning a lot.
3. I’m so happy to see them again.
4. I’m sitting by the pool.
5. Sounds like you are having a good time
(=It sounds like you are having a good time )
.sound 听起来… That sounds good.（+adj.）
sound like 听起来好像 …. It sounds like a bird ( +n./从句)
6. Could you just tell him to call me back
1）Could you (please) … 表示委婉的语气。
2）tell sb to do sth告诉某人去做某事 / tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要
翻译：请你告诉他不要玩游戏好吗？
U8
Ⅰ. 重点单词:
区别spend, cost, take, pay和pay for
spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：
spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
2. pay的基本用法是：
pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
pay for sth. 付……的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例：Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。 pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。
pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。 pay off one's money还清钱。
3. cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：
sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱, 某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 / The book costs 5 yuan.
(doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间, 某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
4. take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：
It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
Ⅱ. 重点词组:
cross = go across (+river / bridge / road / street )
go through(+door / forest / park)
in front of / in the front of
Ⅲ. 重点句型: Ask for and give directions on the street.
Ask for directions: 1. --- (Excuse me.) Is there a bank near here
--- Yes, there is. It’s on Bridge Street.
2. --- Where is the hospital --- It’s on / next to / between…
3. --- (Excuse me.) Can you tell me where the bank is
how I can get to the bank
how to get to the bank
Give directions: 1. Go down / along the road / street /Xingxin Street.
2. Then turn left / right at the first crossing / when you see the…./ on Center Street.
3. It’s on the / your right.
IV．重点句子:
1. How can I help you 2. I’m new in town.
3. It’s not too far from here. I can walk with you.
4. --- Thanks so much. --- No problem.
5. I love to watch the monkeys (climb) around.
6. (get) to the park, you just have to cross Center Street.
7. You can get to the library e .
8. It’s relaxing (spend) the weekend like this.
U9
Ⅰ.重点单词:
1. actor / actress; waiter / waitress;
2. a little boy / panda ( 不用a small boy)
little / a little There’s meat in the fridge. Let’s buy some.
few / a few Let’s be quick! There’s time left.
3. late : adj Sorry, I’m late. adv I got up late this morning.
later: (late 的比较级) I’m later than you.
adv 20 minutes later, the police came.
4. person (=he / she) several persons = some people
5. face : n wash my face (wash my faces ×) / a round face / make faces
v face difficulties
6. each / every / both
There are many trees on side of the river.
There are many trees on sides of the river.
7. way : n 道路，方法 the way to(the way home) / the same way / by the way
8. in the end / at the end of 9. put …in newspapers / on television
10. other / others / the other / another
11. 长短+ 卷直+ 颜色+hair : long straight black hair
Ⅱ. 重点词组:
1. look like / be like 2. in the end 3. (be) of medium … 4. a picture of
Ⅲ. 重点句型: How to describe a person
--- What does he look like？ ( He looks like his father.)
--- He is tall / short / of medium height.
He is thin / heavy / of medium build.
He has …hair / face / ears / … .
2. --- Is he tall short --- He isn’t tall short.
IV．重点句子s:
1. He is a tall man with …hair / … glasses.
2. The tall man with …hair / … glasses is Johnny Dean.
3. … tell him what he looks like.
4. … don’t always see things the same way so they may describe …differently.
U10
Ⅰ. 重点单词:
1. potato / tomato / hero / negro
2. special : adj special present; n some specials
3. would like = want ( would是情态动词，无人称和数的变化)
would like + n / to do / sb to do
4. order : n / v 命令，点餐 order some food / take one’s order
order sb to do sth
n do … in order / put … in order in order to / that 为了
5. the number of + n(复数):…的数字/ a number of + n(复数): 许多…
6. and / or
Ⅱ. 重点词组:
1. would like 2. take one’s order 3. in one go 4. make a wish
5. blow out 6. bring good luck to 7. be short of
Ⅲ. 重点句型:
1.--- What would you like --- I’d like some noodles .
What kind of noodles would you like (What kind of noodles do you have )
What size bowl of noodles would you like (What size bowl of noodles do you have )
2. --- Would you like some noodles --- Yes , please . / No , thank you .(thanks)
IV．重点句子:
1. I’d like beef and carrot noodles. = I’d like beef noodles .
2. People have birthday cakes with candles. The number of candles is the person’s age.
3. It’s getting popular to have cake on your birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthdays
4.… the long noodles are a symbol of long.
U11
语言点
1. anything 不定代词，表示“某事物，某东西”，主要
用于否定句和疑问句中，肯定句用something. (P62)
(1)在表示请求，建议或征求意见的疑问句中用 something，不能用anything。
Would you like something to drink
(2)不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Anything is better than nothing.
(3)形容词修饰不定代词时，放在它后面。
Did you hear anything interesting here （你在这儿看到一些有趣的事情了吗）
2.show sb. around…意为“带领某人参观……”
show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物
3. pick 意为“采，摘，挑选”
e.g. Don’t pick flowers in the garden.
pick up意为“捡起，拿起，接……”
e.g. I’ll pick you up at your home tomorrow.
注意：pick up中，代词放中间，名词都可以。
e.g. You should pick it up.
Please pick up the flowers.=Please pick the flowers up.
4. fun 是不可数名词，“乐趣，开心，有趣的人或事”。 其前常用great, much, a lot of修饰，用来加强语气。 e.g. Skating is great fun.
have fun意为“玩的开心”=have a good time
5. clean：形容词“干净的”
e.g. We must keep our hands clean.
动词“打扫……”
e.g. She is cleaning the room.
6. all in all意为“总的来说”，常用于句首。
e.g. All in all, we had a good time.
not ...at all一点也不
e.g. He doesn’t like apples at all.
7. I think today’s school trip was terrible.
本句为I think引导的宾语从句。
（ 拓展：宾语从句中，当主句的主语是第一人称、谓语是think,believe等词，从句中的意思是否定时，常把否定转移到主句上来，即“否定转移”。）
e.g. I don’t think he can answer the question.
8. 对比interested , interesting & interest
(1) interested是形容词，主语是人，“感到有趣的”
be interested in (doing) sth.对（做）某事感兴趣
e.g. I am interested in English.
(2) interesting是形容词，主语是物。e.g. This book is very interesting.
(3) interest是名词,"兴趣”。
places of interest名胜 e.g. His main interests are reading and playing.
He knows many places of interest.
9.… it was difficult to take photos.
It is + adj. (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做 …... 怎么样
e.g. 对我来说骑车上学是很容易的。
It is easy for me to go to school by bike.
There were also too many people.
too many加可数名词复数
too much加不可数名词 e.g. too much water
11.quiet a lot + of + 可数或不可数, 也可以单独使用。
quite a little “相当多, 不少” + 不可数名词
quite a few “相当多, 不少” + 可数名词
我看到了相当多的奶牛。I saw quite a lot of cows.
语法
规则动词过去式的变化规则如下：
规则动词的过去式一般由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有：
1. 直接在词尾加-ed，如: look-looked
2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加d，如：live-lived, practise-practised
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed，如：
study-studied
4. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed，如：stop-stopped
（2）不规则动词的过去式变化各异，没有统一的规则，但也并非一点规律没有，下面介绍一部分动词过去式的记忆规律。
①动词过去式与动词原形一样。如:let→let, put→put, cut→cut。
②遇见i改为a。如: swim→swam, sing →sang, begin→began。
助记:过去式将i改为a的动词
游泳(swim)唱歌(sing)后，开始(begin)坐(sit)下来，
给(give)点儿喝(drink)的吧，i就变为a。
③过去式以ought和aught结尾的单词，
如: bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought, teach →taught
④中间去e末尾加t,
如:feel→____, keep→kept, sleep→ ____, sweep → swept
⑤把i变为o,如: ride→rode, drive→______, write → wrote。
⑥ow/aw变为ew,
如:know→knew,grow→_____,throw→threw，draw→drew。
⑦以d结尾的词， 把d变成t,
如: build→built, lend→lent, send→_____, spend→ spent。
⑧连系动词be的过去式有两种形式,主语是第一、三人称单数用 was,其他用were。
（3）.一般过去时的句式结构
(1)含连系动词be的一般过去时的句式
①肯定句:主语+was/were+其他. 我昨天在家。
②否定句:主语+was not (或wasn't)/were not (或weren't)+其他。
I wasn't at home yesterday.
③一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+其他
肯定回答用 Yes,主语+was/were. ;
否定回答用 No,主语+wasn't/weren't.
---______ you at home yesterday 昨天你在家吗
---No,I _______.不，我不在家。
④特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语+ 其他 （对划线部分提问）
（2）含实义动词的一般过去时的句式
①肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他. 他们昨天玩得很开心。
②否定句:主语+did not (或didn't)+动词原形+其他.
他们昨天玩得不开心。
③一般疑问句: Did+主语+动词原形+其他
他们昨天玩得开心吗？
肯定回答用“Yes,主语+ did.";否定回答 用“No,主语+didn't”
④特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他
他们什么时候玩得很开心？
U12
Ⅰ. 重点单词:
n. 1. sheep / mouse / baby; visitor
v. 2. shout at / to
3. put up put up your hand put up the poster put up a tent
4. surprise The news surprised me.
be surprised at: I’m surprised at the news. / We were surprised at his arrival（到达）
adi. be surprised to do: She was surprised to find her handbag missing.
be surprised that: I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a long time.
n. in surprise / to one's surprise / get a surprise
He looked at me in surprise．他吃惊地看着我。
To my surprise, the door was unlocked．使我吃惊的是，门没有锁。
It was a great surprise to me when I heard the news.
※ a surprising look 一个令人吃惊的表情 a surprised look一个吃惊的表情
5. wake…up: wake Peter up = wake up Peter; wake him up ≠ wake up him(×)
6. move n. movement adj. moved
7. see / hear / watch /feel… do /doing…
Ⅱ. 重点词组:
go to the cinema 2.camp by the lake 3.visit sb. 4.study for the English test
5. have so much / a lot of fun 6. a weekend to remember 7.finish high school
8. two weeks ago 9.as a special gift 10.go camping 11. take a long bus ride
12.make a fire to do… 13.go to sleep 14.jump up and down 15. move into
16.look out of… 17.fly a kite
Ⅲ. 重点句型
1 What did you /your friend/he/she/they do last weekend
Where… / How… / When… / Who…
IV．重点句子:
1. It’s +adj. (for sb.) + (not) to do… .
2. I worked as a guide at the Natural History Museum. They have butterfly house with over 200 kinds of butterflies. I told the visitors about them and their living habits.
3. I stayed up late (watch) the soccer game.
4.We put up our tents and made a fire keeping us warm. (改错)