广州市三校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考
英语
本试卷共8页，共47小题，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，每小题2.5，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Linda Hall Library is open to the public free of charge during regular library hours. There is no charge for getting a library card. Patrons can request and use materials in the library, provided the items are in good physical condition.
To sign up for a borrowing account, you must be a resident of the Kansas City area. You have to provide a current state or federal photo ID with a KC area street address.
A photo ID plus utility bill in your name is needed if the current address differs from that on the ID．
Patrons must show their LHL library card or a photo ID at the time of check-out.
Who Can Borrow:
Individuals living within the Kansas City area as defined below:
Missouri — Bates, Caldwell, Cass, Clay, Clinton, Jackson, Johnson, Iafayette, Platte, Ray
Kansas —Douglas, Franklin, Johnson, Leavenworth, L.inn, Miami, Wyandotte
Established businesses within the KC area. Contact Reference Services at 8169268701 or reference@lindahall.org for more information about authorized borrowing for businesses, or fill out our web application.
Students, faculty, and staff participating in Courtesy Card institutions. Contact for more information about the Courtesy Card Program.
If you wish to borrow from the Linda Hall Library but do not meet the above criteria, please contact your local library and request to borrow through interlibrary loan from Document Delivery Services.
For more information on how to request library materials, please see this guide on Making Requests in Primo. You may wish to register to attend an in-person “Navigating Linda Hall Library” session.
1．What is a must for borrowing materials from the library
A．A currently taken photo. B．A borrowing account.
C．A guarantee deposit. D．An authorized application.
2．Which of the following persons can borrow materials from the library
A．A student studying in a college.
B．An individual living in Washington.
C．A person working a company in the KC area.
D．A person interested in Courtesy Card Program.
3．What should you do if you don’t meet the criteria for the library
A．Fill out an application online.
B．Turn to your local library for help.
C．Follow the official guidance.
D．Borrow some materials online.
B
Even now, I have vivid memories of my last day of high school. In my mind’s eye, I’m cleaning out my locker, and then staring at the emptiness for a few extra beats before slamming it shut for the last time. I’m wandering around the halls with my best friend, blissfully ignoring the bells going off every 50 minutes on schedule because, just today, we’re allowed to break the rules. I’m sitting on my desk, swinging my feet, and shooting the breeze (闲聊) with my English teacher, Mr. Carr, in a way that makes me feel almost grown up.
It was maybe my favorite day of the whole year. Like the final layer of watercolor, the freedom and lightness I feel seeps (渗透) into the rest of my memories of that day and turns them just a shade rosier.
If the school year hasn’t yet ended for you, consider what you can do to make the finale count. Why Because when it comes to human memory, not all moments are created equal. Instead, our remembered experiences are disproportionately (不成比例地) influenced by peaks (the best moments as well as the worst) and endings (the last moments). Nobel Prize winner Danny Kahneman, who discovered this phenomenon, called this the peak-end rule. It suggests that our judgment of a past experience is largely based on its most extreme point and its endpoint.
I took advantage of the peak-end rule years ago, when my girls were young enough to want a bedtime story each night. I remember thinking that whatever disagreement and stress had occurred that day, I could make the last moments count. I could end on a note of calm and act like the patient mom I hadn’t quite managed to be just hours before.
Don’t mistake all moments as equal insignificance. There’s a reason why yoga classes end with savasana (挺卧式). There’s a reason we eat dessert last. Do organize endings carefully. As Seattle Seahawks coach Pete Carroll might say: Finish strong. Last impressions are especially lasting.
4．What can the author suggest doing to make the end of a school year memorable
A．Planning a special event for the last day. B．Reflecting on the entire academic year.
C．Ignoring school regulations. D．Focusing on the final exam.
5．Which statement is true about the peak-end rule
A．The last moments matter the most in our memories.
B．Peaks in life can be remembered better than endings.
C．The peaks and ends of experiences are easier to remember.
D．Our judgment of the past is determined by first impressions.
6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．What struggles the author had in life.
B．How the author treated her daughters.
C．Why the author read stories to her kids.
D．How the author applied the rule to daily life.
7．Why is Pete Carroll mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To show the importance of doing sports.
B．To explain why last impressions are lasting.
C．To prove the peak-end rule can be used in sports.
D．To encourage readers to value the last moments of an experience.
C
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a big decision There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice, and it is certainly possible to overthink things. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions. Psychologists call the latter a mental bias (偏见). In this case, the error is making a call based on the least of evidence.
A research by Carmen Sanchez, a professor at the University of Illinois, and David Dunning, a professor at the University of Michigan, has found that hasty judgments are often just one part of larger error-prone patterns in behavior and thinking. These patterns have costs. People who tend to make such jumps in their reasoning often choose a bet in which they have low chances of winning instead of one where their chances are much better.
To study jumping, researchers did an experiment to examine decision-making patterns among 600 people from the general population. They applied a thinking game, in which players encountered someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red; in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished. Some players had to see many fish before making a decision. Others—the jumpers—stopped after only one or two. Participants were also asked questions to learn more about their thought patterns. It was found that the fewer fish a player waited to see, the more errors that individual made in other types of beliefs, reasoning and decisions.
So what is behind jumping Researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic, known as system l, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort; and controlled, or system 2, consisting of effortful reasoning that is analytic, mindful and intentional. It was found that jumpers and non-jumpers were equally influenced by automatic thoughts. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers. It is system 2 thinking that helps people counterbalance mental biases introduced by system 1. A lack of system 2 thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our heart is a frequent and important one. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
8．What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs
A．Overthinking things is a mental bias.
B．Evidence is a necessity for judgments.
C．Jumping results from a wish to win a bet.
D．Jumpers have a tendency to a mental mistake.
9．What can we learn from the experiment
A．Jumpers caught more fish than non-jumpers.
B．Non-jumpers gave quicker answers than jumpers.
C．Non-jumpers tended to see more fish before naming the lake.
D．People who saw fewer fish made fewer mistakes in reasoning.
10．According to the passage, in which situation is system 2 engaged more
A．After comparing different brands and models, David purchased a car.
B．On hearing that the Apollo moon landings were faked, Mia believed it.
C．Seeing the dirty windows of a restaurant, Mary decided its food was bad.
D．When picking a doctor, Jim merely accepted the recommendation from a friend.
11．What does the author intend to tell us
A．To reflect on our thought patterns regularly.
B．To think twice before we make our decisions.
C．To realize the consequences of faulty reasoning.
D．To adopt two pathways of thought before acting.
D
In today’s digital era, social media users are increasingly coming across fake news online. This leads to the pressing issue: What causes people to fall for misinformation on the Internet
According to researchers at the Penn State College of Information Sciences and Technology, users can easily fall into an echo chamber (回声室)—a sort of virtual space where users consume only one-sided news, eventually distrusting any opposing views. “We all tend to agree with the group opinion. Hence, people naturally get together with others who hold the same opinion,” said Dongwon Lee, one of the researchers. “But if you’re not cautious, there is a high risk of falling into an echo chamber.”
To prevent this phenomenon, the researchers have crafted a novel tool, a game named ChamberBreaker, to help players resist echo chambers and reduce the rate of fake news spread. The fundamental approach employed by ChamberBreaker centers around a decision-making procedure that mirrors the creation of echo chambers. In ChamberBreaker, a player is tasked with trying to have community members fall into an echo chamber. To begin, the player is randomly assigned a situation that focuses on a health, political or environmental issue, and is presented with six pieces of news on that topic. Then, the player selects news that could cause the other members to fall into an echo chamber while at the same time maintaining their trust. If successful, the community members will fall into an echo chamber and the player will witness the resulting negative effects on the community.
After developing ChamberBreaker, researchers tested it with over 800 subjects to see if it raised awareness of echo chambers and changed news consumption behaviors. The researchers found that those who played ChamberBreaker were significantly more likely to state their intention to observe online information from more diverse perspectives and showed an increased awareness of the echo chamber phenomenon.
Ultimately, the researchers hope that their methodology can excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study related to information consumption. The application of tools like ChamberBreaker, which focuses on fostering analytical reasoning, may lead us towards a more informed online community.
12．What can be learned about an online echo chamber
A．It encourages well-judged views.
B．It gathers like-minded individuals.
C．It functions as a virtual reality platform.
D．It serves as a tool for identifying fake information.
13．What is ChamberBreaker’s core method against echo chambers
A．Assignment of situations. B．Trust-building exercises.
C．News selection strategy. D．Community impact assessment.
14．Which of the following can show ChamberBreaker’s effectiveness
A．The results of scientific testing.
B．The theoretical framework of the game.
C．The description of the game procedures.
D．The common challenges faced during gameplay.
15．What is the likely long-term effect of playing ChamberBreaker
A．Reducing news inquiry. B．Encouraging passive reading.
C．Strengthening prejudiced views. D．Enhancing critical thinking.
(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选中填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
How colour psychology influences your dinner party guests
After spending hours cooking and preparing the table setting for your guests, you hope that everyone enjoys your recipes. But it’s not all about the quality of the ingredients and the skills of the cook. 16 Whether it is a plate, a glass, a bowl or a cup, colour makes a significant impact on your guests.
17 After that first impression, the brain integrates the visual information and affects perception(认知), making you think that the same food is excellent, good or average. Thus, the goal for dinner parties is to ensure that the food looks pleasing to the eye, so your guests will think it tastes as good as it looks.
Bowl colour influences the desirability of food for picky eaters, as well as the perception of saltiness. Picky eaters tend to perceive meals in red and blue bowls as saltier compared to white. And they are more unwilling to try new food in a red bowl. 18
You can never go wrong with a white plate. Just avoid it when the food served is pale. For desserts, white is ideal because it increases flavors and enhances sweetness. 19 Serving food in a black bowl can increase perceptions of its saltiness and portion size.
To bring extra aesthetic(审美的)appeal, creativity and to highlight foods lacking in colour, you can serve your meal on bright plates. But be careful! 20 Similar ingredient colors to the tableware make everything integrate together and your guests think they have less food.
A．It starts with your sight.
B．But the result of dark plates can vary a little.
C．However, the rules of colour may not apply to all.
D．Besides, colourful plates are preferred by choosy eaters.
E．Food should only look more vivid depending on the meal.
F．The tableware (餐具) is also an essential element, especially the colour.
G．So, for demanding guests, choose the colour of the tableware first.
第二部分 语言知识运用 （共25小题，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Jody, a high school wrestling coach sprang into action after hearing that his longtime friend Ray needed a kidney (肾).
“Last year Ray gave me a call and he sounded 21 . I asked him if he was okay. He stopped for a moment and said, ‘I’m 22 ,’” Jody explained.
Without thinking twice, Jody began 23 .Unfortunately, he found out he wouldn’t be a kidney match for Ray, who was running out of time because of how 24 he was on the donor list.
“I quickly realized through the 25 donor program at LV Hospital, I could actually donate to the kidney bank, 26 another person’s life who I don’t know, and Ray would move up on the kidney donor recipient (受方) list,” said Jody.
And that’s 27 what he did. With the support of his family, Jody got the green light and 28 with the surgery.
Following the surgery, Jody’s doctor told him the 29 fact: “We found cancer in you.” 30 , Jody was in the early stages of a type of cancer that usually goes 31 until it’s too late. If not for his 32 to donate an organ, doctors might not have been able to 33 the disease in time.
Jody announced the fortunate save on Facebook, “ Sooner or later, if you take actions based on ‘goodness’ and in the best 34 of others, it comes full circle back,” he said. “It was a 35 that I donated my kidney. I got a bonus gift and saved my own life!”
21．A．terrible B．familiar C．confused D．distracted
22．A．recovering B．moving C．resting D．dying
23．A．crying B．exercising C．kidding D．testing
24．A．different B．popular C．low D．healthy
25．A．shared B．improved C．voluntary D．global
26．A．balance B．save C．shape D．continue
27．A．normally B．exactly C．possibly D．especially
28．A．went ahead B．put up C．got away D．came up
29．A．plain B．relevant C．disturbing D．observable
30．A．Clearly B．Certainly C．Luckily D．Hopefully
31．A．accessible B．visible C．undamaged D．undetected
32．A．decision B．ability C．permission D．potential
33．A．understand B．treat C．catch D．spread
34．A．experience B．interest C．effort D．performance
35．A．challenge B．relief C．success D．blessing
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答卷的相应位置上。（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
About 800 meters above sea level and next to the picturesque Taiping Lake, Houkeng in Huangshan, a village 36 (locate) in the south of Anhui province, seems to be blessed by nature and is home to the handmade tea variety Taiping Kowkui.
Every spring 37 foggy days moisten the emerald hillsides, villagers know their harvest will come. “ 38 any of three key factors—proper location, plant variety, or processing technique—the perfect Kowkui will not be born,” Fang Jifan, the fifth-generation tea farmer says. “It’s 39 signature of our home.”
Kowkui’s 40 (exceptional) large leaves often lead to its 41 (mistake) for “vegetable” by first-time viewers, but this “king” of green tea in Fang’s eyes beats other
42 (variety) at more than just size. “Its fragrance and flavor also stand out, thanks to the time- consuming work to process them.” Fang says.
Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China 43 (add) to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. “The tea culture not only reflects a refined taste in life, it also shows the beauty of craftsmanship 44 people’s creativity,” says Zheng Yi, deputy head of Anhui Tea Culture Research Society. “For centuries, the scent of tea leaves 45 (offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rooted in people’s everyday life.”
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是新华中学的李华，你校拟申请承办英国文化协会(British Council)主办的“中英校园文化交流论坛”(China-UK Campus Culture Forum 简称 CUCF)。请你用英语为学校写一封承办申请信，内容如下：
1.写信目的;
2.学校优势;
3.希望获准。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The teacher had just announced that she was going to give a small gift to the boy or girl who answered the most questions correctly in the tests they were going to have that day. What it was, she wouldn't say, except that it was very nice, very pretty, and very tasty.
Of course that last word set everybody's mouth watering.
"Something tasty!" said Tadao. "I could use that right now."
"And so could I," said Enrica, whose mother had been so busy that morning looking after her two little sisters and her baby brother that she had forgotten to make her lunch.
Then the tests began, and how everyone worked! When the teacher asked the questions aloud, hands flashed up all over the room and waved about like trees in a high wind. When the answers had to be written, there was an unusual silence. It was lots of fun, and everyone had high hopes of winning the prize.
Slowly the hours dragged by, and poor Enrica got hungrier and hungrier every minute, imagining what she would do with the prize if she won.
At last the tests were all over, the answers all checked, and the final grades all totaled up.
"Now," said the teacher, "I'm ready to tell you the winner of the prize -- Enrica, beating Renee by just one point."
At this moment the teacher opened her desk and took out a big chocolate egg, tied with a piece of wide blue ribbon (丝带).
"How lovely!" cried everybody.
"Now just a moment," said the teacher. "I have a second prize. It' s in this box."
Everyone looked and saw four little chocolate eggs. They looked good, too, but not as attractive as the big one in the blue ribbon.
Enrica came forward to receive her prize. She had looked at both prizes and was thinking hard.
"Please," she stammered (结结巴巴地说)，“would -- would you mind if I had the second prize instead "
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。广州市三校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考
英语参考答案
第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
A 篇：1-3．BCB B 篇：4-7．ACDD
C 篇：8-11．DCAB D 篇：12-15．BCAD
七选五（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
16-20 FAGBE
第二部分 语言知识运用 （满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空 （共 15 题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
21-25．ADDCC 26-30．BBACC 31-35．DABBD
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
36. located 37．when 38．Without 39．a 40．exceptionally
41. being mistaken 42．varieties 43．were added 44．and
45．has offered/has been offering
第三部分 写作（共2 小题，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 （共 1 题，满分 15 分）
Possible version :
Dear Sir or Madam,
On behalf of my school, I am writing to express our strong interest in hosting CUCF organized by the British Council.
Firstly, Xinhua Middle School has a long-standing reputation for promoting cultural exchange and fostering international understanding. Our dedicated faculty members and talented students have extensive experience in organizing various cultural events. Additionally, we have state-of-the-art facilities, including multimedia lecture halls and a well-equipped auditorium, which provide an ideal environment for hosting such a prestigious forum.
We are confident in our ability to organize a successful event. We sincerely hope that our application is considered favorably. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（共 1 题，满分 25 分）
Possible version 1:
The teacher was so surprised that she hardly knew what to say. She had thought that anyone would have been excited to take the beautiful gift she was offering. But, she thought, Enrica is always a good girl, and she must have a reason for her unusual request. So she gave her the second prize, and Renee was excited to get the first prize after all. Of course, every boy and girl in the class wanted to know why Enrica had done such a strange thing, but she didn' t say a word.
Enrica just ran home with the second prize box for her sisters and brother. She didn't even open it to take one bite on the way. When she got home and carefully unwrapped the box, four small, attractive chocolate eggs were revealed. The faces of her little sisters and baby brother lit up with pleasure as they saw the treats. If any of Enrica's school friends have peeped inside her home that evening, they would have found four happiest children in the world sitting on the kitchen floor and enjoying the chocolate eggs. With a warm glow inside, Enrica realized that the real prize wasn’t the chocolate eggs themselves, but the happiness she had shared with her family.
Possible version 2:
The teacher was so surprised that she hardly knew what to say. "Of course, Enrica, if that's what you want," she finally managed to respond. The class was silent for a moment, then burst into applause, touched by Enrica's selflessness. Enrica smiled shyly, took the box with the four little chocolate eggs, and glanced at the teacher, who gave her an encouraging nod. With a quick look at her classmates, Enrica turned and hurried out of the classroom, eager to share her prize.
Enrica just ran home with the second prize box for her sisters and brother. As she entered her house, she was greeted by the sight of her mother struggling to calm the baby while her two little sisters played quietly nearby. "Mama, look what I won!" Enrica called out, holding up the box. Her mother's tired face lit up with a smile. "Oh, Enrica, that's wonderful!" Enrica quickly handed out the little chocolate eggs to her siblings, who squealed with delight. The baby gurgled happily, and her sisters hugged her tightly. Enrica felt a warm sense of fulfillment. She realized that the joy she had brought to her family was far more precious than the biggest chocolate egg in the world.
